CN211296688U - Single-path signal echo processing circuit - Google Patents
Single-path signal echo processing circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN211296688U CN211296688U CN201922198844.2U CN201922198844U CN211296688U CN 211296688 U CN211296688 U CN 211296688U CN 201922198844 U CN201922198844 U CN 201922198844U CN 211296688 U CN211296688 U CN 211296688U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a single-channel signal echo processing circuit relates to signal processing technology field, include: the signal amplification module comprises an input end for receiving signals, an output end of the signal amplification module is connected with an input end of the filtering module, an output end of the filtering module is connected with an input end of the rectifying module, and an output end of the rectifying module is connected with an input end of the comparing module. The signal amplification module is used for amplifying the received signal, the filtering module is used for filtering the signal, the rectification module and the comparison module are used for rectifying the signal to form square wave output, and the signal amplification, filtering, rectification and wave rectification are performed through multi-stage processing, so that the processed signal is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a signal processing technology field especially relates to a single channel signal echo processing circuit.
Background
The ultrasonic receiving and processing circuit is used for ultrasonic detection SF6The design core of the gas concentration sensor. The ultrasonic wave is transmitted in a gas medium and reflected by an obstacle to generate energy loss, and the voltage amplitude of a return signal is reduced along with the increase of the distance of the obstacle. Environmental noises such as harmonic signals, interference pulses and the like are often mixed in the echo signals, so that effective echo signals need to be amplified before the signals enter the CPLD, noise interference is filtered, the maximum signal-to-noise ratio is achieved, and perfect sine waveforms are obtained. The CPLD chip cannot receive negative voltage, so that the signal needs to be shaped into square waves and sent to the CPLD chip for operation.
Due to SF6The influence of the change of the concentration on the sound velocity is small, so that the phase difference data is difficult to measure, and in order to accurately detect the phase difference, each electronic element of each functional module of the receiving circuit needs to be accurately selected on the premise of ensuring the complete consistency of two paths of ultrasonic signals on hardware.
Therefore, it is necessary to design an ultrasonic reception processing circuit to process a received signal and reduce signal distortion. Mainly include three functional module: the small signal amplifying and high-order active band-pass filter circuit, the half-wave interception circuit and the comparator shaping circuit. Each module is simulated in the design, and the feasibility of the design of the ultrasonic echo signal receiving and processing circuit is theoretically verified.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a single channel signal echo treatment circuit to overcome the current shortcoming that does not have the single channel signal echo treatment circuit who uses and ultrasonic echo signal processing.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a single-channel signal echo processing circuit, including: the signal amplification module is used for amplifying small signals of the received echo signals;
the filtering module is connected with the output end of the signal amplifying module and is used for filtering signals;
the rectification module is connected with the output end of the filtering module and is used for rectifying signals; and
and the comparison module is connected with the output end of the rectification module and is used for carrying out final processing on the signal.
Furthermore, the signal amplification module adopts an inverting amplification circuit.
Further, the signal amplification module comprises a first operational amplifier U1A; the positive input end of the first operational amplifier U1A is grounded through an eleventh resistor R11; the negative input end of the first operational amplifier U1A is connected in series with a fifth resistor R5 and an alternating current source which are connected in sequence, the other end of the alternating current source is grounded, and a second resistor R2 and a second capacitor C2 which are connected in parallel to the negative input end and the output end of the first operational amplifier U1A; a fourth resistor R4 is connected in series between the fifth resistor R5 and the ac source, one end of a first diode D1 and one end of a second diode D2 which are connected in parallel with each other are connected between the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, and the other end of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 which are connected in parallel are grounded.
Further, the first operational amplifier is OPA 2228.
Further, the filtering module is a multi-feedback band-pass filter.
Further, the filtering module comprises a third operational amplifier U3A; the positive input end of the third operational amplifier U3A is grounded; a negative input end of a third operational amplifier U3A is connected in series with a third capacitor C3 and a sixth resistor R6 which are connected in sequence, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with an output end of the signal amplification module, a third resistor is connected in parallel with a negative input end and an output end of the third operational amplifier U3A, a first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel between an output end of the third operational amplifier U3A and the third capacitor C3 and the sixth resistor R6, one end of the first capacitor C1 connected between the third capacitor C3 and the sixth resistor R6 is connected with one end of the first resistor R1, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is grounded; the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with one end of a ninth resistor R9, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with one end of a fifth diode D5, the other end of the fifth diode D5 is grounded, and both ends of the fifth diode D5 are connected in parallel with a sixth diode D6.
Further, the rectification module is a half-wave rectification circuit.
Further, the half-wave rectification circuit includes an eighth resistor R8, a fourth diode D4, and a third diode D3; one end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with one end of the filtering module; the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to one end of a fourth diode D4; the other end of the fourth diode D4 is grounded and connected to one end of the third diode D3, and the other end of the third diode D3 is connected to one end of the fourth diode D4.
Further, the comparison module is a threshold comparison circuit.
Further, the threshold comparison circuit comprises a second operational amplifier U2A, and a positive input end of the second operational amplifier U2A is connected with an output end of the rectification module; the negative electrode input end of the second operational amplifier U2A is connected with one end of a direct current power supply, and the other end of the direct current power supply is grounded; the twelfth resistor R12 is connected between the output end of the second operational amplifier U2A and the positive power supply of the second operational amplifier U2A, the output end of the second operational amplifier U2A is connected with one end of the seventh resistor R7, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is the output end of the comparison module, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with one end of the tenth resistor R10, and the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is grounded.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
the utility model provides a single-channel signal echo processing circuit, include: the signal amplification module comprises an input end for receiving signals, an output end of the signal amplification module is connected with an input end of the filtering module, an output end of the filtering module is connected with an input end of the rectifying module, and an output end of the rectifying module is connected with an input end of the comparing module. The signal amplification module is used for amplifying the received signal, the filtering module is used for filtering the signal, the rectification module and the comparison module are used for rectifying the signal to form square wave output, and the signal amplification, filtering, rectification and wave rectification are performed through multi-stage processing, so that the processed signal is more accurate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only one embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-channel signal echo processing circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a single-channel signal echo processing circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a simulation result diagram of the signal amplification module and the filtering module of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a simulation result diagram of the rectifier module and the comparison module of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the gain and phase of the single-channel signal echo processing circuit of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic noise diagram of the single-channel signal echo processing circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the single-channel signal echo processing circuit provided by the present invention comprises a signal amplification module, a filtering module, a rectification module and a comparison module, wherein the input end of the signal amplification module is used for receiving signals, the output end of the signal amplification module is connected with the input end of the filtering module, the output end of the filtering module is connected with the input end of the rectification module, and the output end of the rectification module is connected with the input end of the comparison module.
The signal is amplified through the signal amplification module, then the filtering module filters the signal, and then the rectification output is carried out through the rectification module and the comparison module.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the signal amplification module employs an inverting amplifier circuit. The signal amplification module comprises a first operational amplifier U1A; the positive input end of the first operational amplifier U1A is grounded through an eleventh resistor R11; the negative input end of the first operational amplifier U1A is connected with a fifth resistor R5 and an alternating current source which are sequentially connected in series, the other end of the alternating current source is grounded, and a second resistor R2 and a second capacitor C2 which are connected in parallel to the negative input end and the output end of the first operational amplifier U1A to form a reverse integration circuit, so that the anti-interference capability of reverse amplification is improved; the fourth resistor R4 is connected between the fifth resistor R5 and an alternating current source in series, one end of a first diode D1 and one end of a second diode D2 which are connected in parallel are connected between the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, the other end of the first diode D1 and the other end of the second diode D2 which are connected in parallel are grounded, voltage stabilization is carried out through the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, and the operational amplifier is prevented from being damaged by instant high voltage generated by a power supply.
One end of the fourth resistor R4 connected to the ac source is an input end of the signal amplification module, and an output end of the first operational amplifier U1A is an output end of the signal amplification module.
The first operational amplifier adopts OPA2228, two-way operational amplifier, gain bandwidth product is 33MHZ, extremely low noise and extremely low drift, open loop gain is more than 160dB, output capacity is 50mA, working voltage is between +/-2.5V to +/-18V, all the operational amplifiers are industrial grade, and the operational amplifier has excellent direct current and alternating current characteristics, is protected by self, basically cannot be burnt out, and can also be used in various occasions below 1 MHz.
The signal amplification module is used as a first stage and mainly used for amplifying small signals, and simultaneously plays a role of an inverse first-order active low-pass filter. In order to reduce phase uncertainty factors caused by the design of the filter and excessive cascading, a combination of an active low-pass filter with a first-order stage and an active band-pass filter with a second-order stage is designed. The second-stage filter circuit is designed as a multi-feedback active second-order band-pass filter. The multiple feedback filter is an inverting filter, and has low sensitivity to component variations such as a Q value and a cutoff frequency. The designed circuit needs to meet the requirements of high Q value, accurate cut-off frequency and center frequency, small sensitivity to component change and the like, so that the filtering module selects the multi-feedback band-pass filter.
The filtering module comprises a third operational amplifier U3A; the positive input end of the third operational amplifier U3A is grounded; a negative electrode input end of a third operational amplifier U3A is connected in series with a third capacitor C3 and a sixth resistor R6 which are connected in sequence, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with an output end of the signal amplification module (the output end of the first operational amplifier U1A), a third resistor is connected in parallel with the negative electrode input end and the output end of the third operational amplifier U3A, an output end of the third operational amplifier U3A and a first capacitor C1 are connected in parallel between the third capacitor C3 and the sixth resistor R6, one end of the first capacitor C1 connected between the third capacitor C3 and the sixth resistor R6 is connected with one end of a first resistor R1, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is grounded; the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with one end of a ninth resistor R9, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with one end of a fifth diode D5, the other end of the fifth diode D5 is grounded, and both ends of the fifth diode D5 are connected in parallel with a sixth diode D6.
The other end of the sixth resistor R6 is an input end of the filter module, and an output end of the third operational amplifier U3A is an output end of the filter module. The third operational amplifier U3A employs OPA 2228.
Because the CPLD chip is burnt down due to the input of negative voltage, a rectification circuit needs to be designed in the circuit, and a half-wave rectification circuit is selected by the rectification module. The half-wave rectification circuit comprises an eighth resistor R8, a fourth diode D4 and a third diode D3; one end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with one end of the filtering module; the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to one end (positive electrode) of the fourth diode D4; the other end (cathode) of the fourth diode D4 is grounded and connected to one end (anode) of the third diode D3, and the other end (cathode) of the third diode D3 is connected to one end (anode) of the fourth diode D4. The third diode D3 is a schottky diode and employs IN 5817. The cutoff of the voltage of the sine wave larger than-0.45V is generated through a combined circuit of an eighth resistor R8, a fourth diode D4 and a third diode D3; the IN5817 is a Schottky diode, the maximum forward voltage drop is 0.45V, namely, only a waveform with the voltage larger than-0.45V exists after shaping, thereby ensuring the integrity of the whole positive half-waveform.
The other end (cathode) of the third diode D3 is the output end of the rectifying module.
The comparison module is a threshold comparison circuit. The threshold comparison circuit comprises a second operational amplifier U2A, and the positive input end of the second operational amplifier U2A is connected with the output end of the rectification module; the negative electrode input end of the second operational amplifier U2A is connected with one end of a direct current power supply, and the other end of the direct current power supply is grounded; the output end of the second operational amplifier U2A and the twelfth resistor R12 between the positive power supply of the second operational amplifier U2A, the twelfth resistor R12 is used as a pull-up resistor to make the output voltage at a logic high level, the output end of the second operational amplifier U2A is connected with one end of the seventh resistor R7, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is the output end of the comparison module, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with one end of the tenth resistor R10, and the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is grounded.
The positive input end of the second operational amplifier U2A is the input end of the comparison module, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is the output end of the comparison module. The second operational amplifier U2A uses the LM393 op-amp.
The comparison module shapes the half-wave signal processed by the rectification module into a square-wave signal, so that the negative voltage generated by the rectification module is filtered due to threshold comparison. The speed of the comparison module cannot be too fast or too slow, the speed is too fast, the comparison module is too sensitive to small burrs, the ringing phenomenon can occur, and the speed is too slow, and the delay is large. Therefore, the LM393 operational amplifier is selected, a pull resistor needs to be added to make the output voltage be a logic high level, and the resistance values of the seventh resistor R7, the twelfth resistor R12 and the tenth resistor R10 are set to ensure that the output voltage does not exceed 3.3V, so that the chip can be prevented from being burned.
Right the utility model discloses single-channel signal echo processing circuit's emulation explains in detail to make technical staff in the field more understand the utility model discloses:
firstly, the simulation result of the signal amplification module and the filtering module is shown in fig. 3, VF1, VF2 and VF3 in fig. 3 are probes of an echo small signal, a signal amplification part of the signal amplification module and a filtering amplification part of the filtering module respectively, a sinusoidal signal with an amplitude of 20mV is measured by the VF1 probe, the signal amplification module detects that the signal is amplified by about 50 times when the signal passes through the VF2 probe, and a voltage stabilizing diode is added behind the signal amplification module to limit the voltage within 3.3V, so that the situation that the subsequent stage operational amplifier is burnt out due to the fact that the voltage is too large because the amplification factor is set to be too high is ensured. The VF3 probe measures a waveform obtained after filtering by the filtering module, and the filtering circuit amplifies the signal again, and the amplitude is about 2V.
The simulation result of the rectifying module and the comparing module is shown in fig. 4, and VF4 and VF5 are probes passing through the shaping and threshold comparing circuits, respectively. The VF4 detected a waveform of the positive half cycle of VF3 and negative half cycles greater than-0.45V, but with a reduced amplitude through resistive voltage division. After passing through the last stage of threshold comparison circuit, the VF5 probe is the output after processing the echo signal, and a pulse signal of 40KHz and 3V amplitude is obtained.
As can be seen from the schematic diagram of fig. 5 showing the gain and phase of the whole single-channel signal echo processing circuit and the schematic diagram of fig. 6 showing the noise of the whole single-channel signal echo processing circuit, the output gain after passing through the band-pass filter reaches 39.36dB, and the phase angle is deviated by-15.17 °, it can be seen that the design of the circuit inevitably causes the phase deviation, so it is very critical to simplify the circuit. The noise interference is in a micro-amplitude level, the influence on the circuit can be ignored, and therefore, the noise interference of the single-path signal echo processing circuit can be ignored.
The above disclosure is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or modifications within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A single-channel signal echo processing circuit, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
the signal amplification module is used for amplifying small signals of the received echo signals;
the filtering module is connected with the output end of the signal amplifying module and is used for filtering signals;
the rectification module is connected with the output end of the filtering module and is used for rectifying signals; and
and the comparison module is connected with the output end of the rectification module and is used for carrying out final processing on the signal.
2. The single-pass signal echo processing circuit of claim 1, wherein: the signal amplification module adopts an inverse amplification circuit.
3. The single-pass signal echo processing circuit of claim 2, wherein: the signal amplification module comprises a first operational amplifier U1A; the positive input end of the first operational amplifier U1A is grounded through an eleventh resistor R11; the negative input end of the first operational amplifier U1A is connected in series with a fifth resistor R5 and an alternating current source which are connected in sequence, the other end of the alternating current source is grounded, and a second resistor R2 and a second capacitor C2 which are connected in parallel to the negative input end and the output end of the first operational amplifier U1A; a fourth resistor R4 is connected in series between the fifth resistor R5 and the ac source, one end of a first diode D1 and one end of a second diode D2 which are connected in parallel with each other are connected between the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, and the other end of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 which are connected in parallel are grounded.
4. The single-pass signal echo processing circuit of claim 3, wherein: the first operational amplifier is OPA 2228.
5. The single-pass signal echo processing circuit of claim 1, wherein: the filtering module is a multi-feedback band-pass filter.
6. The single-pass signal echo processing circuit of claim 5, wherein: the filtering module comprises a third operational amplifier U3A; the positive input end of the third operational amplifier U3A is grounded; a negative input end of a third operational amplifier U3A is connected in series with a third capacitor C3 and a sixth resistor R6 which are connected in sequence, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with an output end of the signal amplification module, a third resistor is connected in parallel with a negative input end and an output end of the third operational amplifier U3A, a first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel between an output end of the third operational amplifier U3A and the third capacitor C3 and the sixth resistor R6, one end of the first capacitor C1 connected between the third capacitor C3 and the sixth resistor R6 is connected with one end of the first resistor R1, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is grounded; the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with one end of a ninth resistor R9, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with one end of a fifth diode D5, the other end of the fifth diode D5 is grounded, and both ends of the fifth diode D5 are connected in parallel with a sixth diode D6.
7. The single-pass signal echo processing circuit of claim 1, wherein: the rectification module is a half-wave rectification circuit.
8. The single-pass signal echo processing circuit of claim 7, wherein: the half-wave rectification circuit comprises an eighth resistor R8, a fourth diode D4 and a third diode D3; one end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with one end of the filtering module; the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to one end of a fourth diode D4; the other end of the fourth diode D4 is grounded and connected to one end of the third diode D3, and the other end of the third diode D3 is connected to one end of the fourth diode D4.
9. The single-pass signal echo processing circuit of claim 1, wherein: the comparison module is a threshold comparison circuit.
10. The single-pass signal echo processing circuit of claim 9, wherein: the threshold comparison circuit comprises a second operational amplifier U2A, and the positive input end of the second operational amplifier U2A is connected with the output end of the rectification module; the negative electrode input end of the second operational amplifier U2A is connected with one end of a direct current power supply, and the other end of the direct current power supply is grounded; the twelfth resistor R12 is connected between the output end of the second operational amplifier U2A and the positive power supply of the second operational amplifier U2A, the output end of the second operational amplifier U2A is connected with one end of the seventh resistor R7, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is the output end of the comparison module, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with one end of the tenth resistor R10, and the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is grounded.
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| CN201922198844.2U CN211296688U (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Single-path signal echo processing circuit |
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| CN201922198844.2U CN211296688U (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Single-path signal echo processing circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113777595A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-10 | 天津理工大学 | Ultrasonic receiving circuit |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113777595A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-10 | 天津理工大学 | Ultrasonic receiving circuit |
| CN113777595B (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2023-08-11 | 天津理工大学 | Ultrasonic wave receiving circuit |
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