CN211295396U - Dual-polarization high-main-beam-efficiency reflector antenna and microwave radiometer - Google Patents
Dual-polarization high-main-beam-efficiency reflector antenna and microwave radiometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN211295396U CN211295396U CN202020362446.XU CN202020362446U CN211295396U CN 211295396 U CN211295396 U CN 211295396U CN 202020362446 U CN202020362446 U CN 202020362446U CN 211295396 U CN211295396 U CN 211295396U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a dual-polarization high main beam efficiency reflector antenna, which comprises a parabolic reflector, an irradiation feed source, an orthogonal mode coupler, a rectangular-circular conversion part and a support frame, wherein the outer wall of one end of the irradiation feed source, which is far away from the parabolic reflector, is provided with an axial step for exciting a high-order mode, so that the irradiation feed source has high beam equalization degree, and the main beam efficiency is further improved; the orthogonal mode coupler comprises a waveguide cavity, an axial port, a lateral coupling port and a public port, wherein the lateral coupling port is arranged on the side wall of the waveguide cavity in a groove mode, two kinds of linear polarized waves, namely vertical and horizontal linear polarized waves, are fed into the axial port and the lateral coupling port respectively, more information about a target can be provided by feeding the two kinds of linear polarized waves, shape surface data of the parabolic reflecting surface is matched with an irradiation area of the irradiation feed source, so that more than 99% of energy of an irradiation beam can be intercepted by the parabolic reflecting surface, and the main beam efficiency of the reflecting surface antenna is enabled to be larger than or equal to 95%.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, especially, relate to a dual polarization high main beam efficiency plane of reflection antenna and microwave radiometer.
Background
Microwave radiometers are essentially high sensitivity, low noise receivers that derive useful information from received incoherent (noise-like) electromagnetic radiation. The nature of the radiation signal is determined by the physical properties of the object, in particular the temperature and absorption properties, and the resulting relationship between the broadband radiation spectrum. The signal received by the antenna of the microwave radiometer can be represented by the antenna temperature, and the antenna temperature is a function of the physical parameters and frequency of the measured target or medium and the observation angle of the observation antenna to the target.
However, the microwave radiometer passively receives microwave signals of temperature radiation transmitted from various altitudes to judge the temperature and humidity curves, does not emit signals, and detects spontaneous radiation from the earth surface (land, sea or atmosphere) instead of natural light from the sun. Sea surface wind can change the surface characteristics of the local sea surface, so that the physical parameters of a required target can be well identified, and the main beam efficiency of an antenna is generally required to be higher than 95% in order to ensure that information energy mainly comes from the main beam of the antenna.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop an antenna with a main beam efficiency higher than 95%.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a high main beam efficiency plane of reflection antenna of double polarization and microwave radiometer, the main beam efficiency of plane of reflection antenna has reached more than 95%.
In order to solve the above problem, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:
a dual-polarized high-main beam efficiency reflector antenna comprises a parabolic reflector, an irradiation feed source, an orthogonal mode coupler, a rectangular-circular conversion piece and a support frame:
the irradiation feed source is arranged at the focus of the parabolic reflecting surface through the support frame, and the outer wall of one end, far away from the parabolic reflecting surface, of the irradiation feed source is provided with a step along the axial direction;
the orthogonal mode coupler is arranged at one end, far away from the parabolic reflecting surface, of the irradiation feed source and comprises a waveguide cavity, an axial port, a lateral coupling port and a common port, the common port and the axial port are arranged at two axial ends of the waveguide cavity, the lateral coupling port is grooved on the side wall of the waveguide cavity, the common port is connected with a feed-in port of the irradiation feed source, the axial port is used for feeding in vertical line polarized waves, and the lateral coupling port is used for feeding in horizontal line polarized waves;
the rectangle circle transfer member with the axial port links to each other, realizes the transition of rectangle port to circular port, the rectangle circle transfer member will perpendicular linear polarization waveguide goes into in the wave guide cavity, the primary beam efficiency more than or equal to 95% of plane of reflection antenna.
Preferably, the irradiation feed source is a circular-caliber dual-mode Baud loudspeaker, and the caliber diameter of the circular-caliber dual-mode Baud loudspeaker is 30.2 mm.
Preferably, the step is a cylindrical step having dimensions equal to 14mm in diameter and 8.5mm in height.
Preferably, the orthomode coupler further includes a metal gradient diaphragm, the metal gradient diaphragm is embedded into the waveguide cavity along an axial direction, and the metal gradient diaphragm is close to one side of the axial port.
Preferably, the shape of the metal gradient membrane is changed from a rectangle to a wedge.
Preferably, the parabolic reflecting surface is a parabolic rotationally symmetric structure or a parabolic cylindrical surface structure.
Preferably, the caliber D of the parabolic reflecting surface is 1m, the focal length F of the parabolic reflecting surface is 0.5mm, and the half field angle θ of the parabolic reflecting surface is 53.13 °.
Preferably, the waveguide cavity is a standard circular waveguide C190 or a square waveguide.
Preferably, the lateral coupling port employs a standard rectangular waveguide BJ 180.
Based on the same utility model concept, the utility model also provides a microwave radiometer, including foretell double polarization high dominant beam efficiency plane of reflection antenna.
The utility model discloses owing to adopt above technical scheme, make it compare with prior art and have following advantage and positive effect:
1) the utility model provides a dual-polarization high main beam efficiency reflector antenna, which comprises a parabolic reflector, an irradiation feed source, an orthogonal mode coupler, a rectangular-circular conversion part and a support frame, wherein the outer wall of one end of the irradiation feed source, which is far away from the parabolic reflector, is provided with an axial step for exciting a high-order mode, so that the irradiation feed source has high beam equalization degree, and the main beam efficiency is further improved; the orthogonal mode coupler comprises a waveguide cavity, an axial port, a lateral coupling port and a public port, wherein the lateral coupling port is arranged on the side wall of the waveguide cavity in a groove mode, two kinds of linear polarized waves, namely vertical and horizontal linear polarized waves, are fed into the axial port and the lateral coupling port respectively, more information about a target can be provided by feeding the two kinds of linear polarized waves, shape surface data of the parabolic reflecting surface is matched with an irradiation area of the irradiation feed source, so that more than 99% of energy of an irradiation beam can be intercepted by the parabolic reflecting surface, and the main beam efficiency of the reflecting surface antenna is enabled to be larger than or equal to 95%.
2) The utility model provides a high dominant beam efficiency plane antenna of double polarization, it shines the feed and adopts circle bore bimodulus baud loudspeaker, bimodulus baud loudspeaker have low vice lamella, characteristics such as the beam etc. degree is good, it through with parabola reflector joint design for the most energy of shining the beam can both be intercepted by parabola reflector, in order to reduce the hourglass and penetrate, makes the awl of shining of beam minimum at the plane of reflection edge simultaneously, improves the beam efficiency of antenna.
3) The utility model provides a high dominant beam efficiency plane of reflection antenna of double polarization, its orthomode coupler still include metal gradual change diaphragm, and in the metal gradual change diaphragm embedded waveguide cavity along the axial, be divided into two with the waveguide cavity in the part, played the impedance matching effect of axial port and public port.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual-polarized high main beam efficiency reflector antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the profile parameters of the parabolic reflector of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the radiation feed, the orthomode coupler, and the rectangular-to-circular converter of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a dual mode Baud horn illuminator radiation pattern (vertical polarization);
fig. 5 is a dual mode baud horn illuminator radiation pattern (horizontally polarized).
Description of reference numerals:
1: a parabolic reflecting surface; 2: a dual-mode Baud horn illuminator; 21: a step; 3: an orthogonal mode coupler; 31: a waveguide cavity; 32: an axial port; 33: a lateral coupling port; 34: a common port; 35: a metal gradient membrane; 4: a rectangular-circular conversion member; 5: a support frame; d: the caliber of the parabolic reflecting surface; f: focal length of the parabolic reflector; θ: the parabolic reflecting surface has a half-field angle.
Detailed Description
The following describes the dual-polarized high main beam efficiency reflector antenna and the microwave radiometer in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the utility model provides a dual-polarized high main beam efficiency reflector antenna, which comprises a parabolic reflector 1, an irradiation feed source, an orthogonal mode coupler 3, a rectangular-circular conversion part 4 and a support frame 5;
in this embodiment, the parabolic reflecting surface 1 is a parabolic rotationally symmetric structure or a parabolic cylindrical structure, as shown in fig. 2, the main parameters of the parabolic reflecting surface 1 include a caliber D, a focal length F and a half aperture angle θ, and by adjusting these three parameters, profile data of the parabolic reflecting surface is matched with an irradiation region of the irradiation feed source, thereby improving the main beam efficiency of the parabolic reflecting surface 1. In the present embodiment, the caliber D of the parabolic reflecting surface 1 is preferably 1m, the focal length F of the parabolic reflecting surface 1 is preferably 0.5mm, and the half-aperture angle of the parabolic reflecting surface 1 is preferably 53.13 °.
The utility model provides a dual polarization high main beam efficiency plane of reflection antenna adopts the feedforward system of shining, shines the feed and installs in parabolic shape plane of reflection 1's focus department through support frame 5, and it is shown to refer to fig. 3, shines the feed and is provided with on the outer wall of the one end of parabolic plane of reflection 1 along axial step 21, and feedforward plane of reflection antenna performance is mainly influenced by the feed of shining the parabolic edge illumination level: in general, the side lobe is lower when the edge illumination level ≈ 20 dB; the gain is higher when the edge illumination level is about-10 dB. In addition, considering "spatial attenuation" caused by the difference in the distance from the focal point to the vertex of the paraboloid and the distance from the focal point to the edge, the irradiation levels of the E plane and the H plane are made as equal as possible, and a good beam equalization degree is maintained in each slice plane.
The main beam efficiency of a reflector antenna mainly depends on two points: first, a certain aperture size to make the illumination level of the illuminator at the edge of the reflecting surface low enough; secondly, the irradiator should have very high beam equalization degree to make most of the energy of each beam tangent plane can be intercepted by the reflecting surface, in this embodiment, the irradiation feed source is a round-caliber dual-mode baud horn 2, the dual-mode baud horn 2 has the characteristics of low side lobe, good beam equalization degree and the like, and through the combined design with the parabolic reflecting surface, most of the energy of the irradiation beam can be intercepted by the parabolic reflecting surface to reduce the leakage radiation, and simultaneously, the irradiation taper of the beam is minimized at the edge of the reflecting surface, thereby improving the beam efficiency of the antenna. In the present embodiment, the caliber size of the circular caliber dual-mode bode horn 2 is preferably equal to 30.2mm in diameter; meanwhile, because the directional pattern of the main mode horn is not optimal, the dual-mode baud horn 2 introduces the step 21 at the horn root thereof to excite the higher-order mode (E11 mode), in the embodiment, the step 21 is a cylindrical step, and by adjusting the size of the step 21, in the embodiment, the size of the step 21 is 14mm in diameter and 8.5mm in height, so that the amplitude and the phase of the main mode H11 and the E11 reach a certain ratio, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, at this time, the beam of the dual-mode baud horn 2 shows good axial symmetry, and the beam equalization degree of each section is very high.
The orthomode coupler 3 is a three-port waveguide structure, and is installed at one end of the irradiation feed source far from the parabolic reflecting surface 1, as shown in fig. 3, the orthomode coupler 3 includes a waveguide cavity 31, an axial port 32, a lateral coupling port 33, and a common port 34, the common port 34 and the axial port 32 are installed at two axial ends of the waveguide cavity 31, the waveguide cavity 31 includes two forms, i.e., a circular form or a square form, and is used for simultaneously propagating two linearly polarized waves with orthogonal polarizations, in this embodiment, the waveguide cavity 31 adopts a standard circular waveguide C190, or a square waveguide; the lateral coupling port 33 is slotted on the side wall of the waveguide cavity 31, the common port 34 is connected to a feed-in port of the irradiation feed source, in this embodiment, the common port 34 is connected to a feed-in port of the dual-mode baud horn 2, the axial port 32 is used for feeding in a vertical linear polarized wave, the lateral coupling port 33 is used for feeding in a horizontal linear polarized wave, as shown in fig. 3, the lateral coupling port 33 is a rectangular port, the lateral coupling port adopts a standard rectangular waveguide BJ180, and the width direction of the lateral coupling port is perpendicular to the width direction of the axial port 32.
In this embodiment, the orthomode coupler 3 further includes a metal gradually-changing diaphragm 35, the metal gradually-changing diaphragm 35 is embedded into the waveguide cavity 31 along the axial direction, and the metal gradually-changing diaphragm 35 is close to one side of the axial port 32, the metal gradually-changing diaphragm 35 has a certain thickness, and the waveguide cavity is locally divided into two parts to perform an impedance matching function between the axial port and the common port, and the shape of the metal gradually-changing diaphragm 35 is a wedge shape formed by a rectangular transition.
The rectangular-circular conversion part 4 is a waveguide structure, and is connected to the axial port 32 of the orthomode coupler 3 to realize transition from the rectangular port to the circular port, in this embodiment, the rectangular-circular conversion part 4 is used to realize transition from the standard rectangular waveguide BJ180 to the circular waveguide C190, and the electromagnetic waveguide with the polarization direction perpendicular to the rectangular wide side is inserted into the waveguide cavity 31.
See table 1 and show, the utility model provides a dual polarization high main beam efficiency reflector antenna, when the bore D of parabola shape reflector 1 is 1m, parabola shape reflector 1's focus F is 0.5mm, parabola shape reflector 1's half wide angle is when 53.13, and bimodulus baud loudspeaker 2 is about-22 dB in the awl of shining of this angle department, and at this moment, the interception rate of reflector has reached more than 99%, and the preceding main beam efficiency of antenna has reached more than 95%.
TABLE 1 Dual-polarization high main beam efficiency reflector antenna electrical performance parameters
The utility model provides a dual-polarization high main beam efficiency reflector antenna, which comprises a parabolic reflector 1, an irradiation feed source, an orthogonal mode coupler 3, a rectangular-circular conversion part 4 and a support frame 5, wherein the outer wall of one end of the irradiation feed source, which is far away from the parabolic reflector 1, is provided with an axial step 21 for exciting a high-order mode, so that the irradiation feed source has high beam equalization degree, and the main beam efficiency is further improved; the orthomode coupler 3 comprises a waveguide cavity 31, an axial port 32, a lateral coupling port 33 and a common port 34, wherein the lateral coupling port 33 is grooved on the side wall of the waveguide cavity 31, two types of linear polarized waves, namely vertical and horizontal, are fed into the axial port 32 and the lateral coupling port 33 respectively, more information about a target can be provided by feeding the two types of linear polarized waves, profile data of the parabolic reflecting surface 1 is matched with an irradiation region of an irradiation feed source, so that more than 99% of energy of irradiation beams can be intercepted by the parabolic reflecting surface, and the main beam efficiency of the reflecting surface antenna is more than or equal to 95%.
Example two
Based on the same inventive concept, the utility model also provides a microwave radiometer, it includes embodiment one dual polarization high main beam efficiency reflector antenna.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, the changes are still within the scope of the present invention if they fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high main beam efficiency plane of reflection antenna of double polarization which characterized in that, includes parabola shape plane of reflection, shines feed, orthomode coupler, rectangle circle conversion spare and support frame:
the irradiation feed source is arranged at the focus of the parabolic reflecting surface through the support frame, and the outer wall of one end, far away from the parabolic reflecting surface, of the irradiation feed source is provided with a step along the axial direction;
the orthogonal mode coupler is arranged at one end, far away from the parabolic reflecting surface, of the irradiation feed source and comprises a waveguide cavity, an axial port, a lateral coupling port and a common port, the common port and the axial port are arranged at two axial ends of the waveguide cavity, the lateral coupling port is grooved on the side wall of the waveguide cavity, the common port is connected with a feed-in port of the irradiation feed source, the axial port is used for feeding in vertical line polarized waves, and the lateral coupling port is used for feeding in horizontal line polarized waves;
the rectangle circle transfer member with the axial port links to each other, realizes the transition of rectangle port to circular port, the rectangle circle transfer member will perpendicular linear polarization waveguide goes into in the wave guide cavity, the primary beam efficiency more than or equal to 95% of plane of reflection antenna.
2. The dual polarized high main beam efficiency reflector antenna of claim 1 wherein said radiation feed is a circular aperture dual mode baud horn having an aperture diameter of 30.2 mm.
3. The dual polarized high main beam efficiency reflector antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said steps are cylindrical steps having dimensions of diameter equal to 14mm and height equal to 8.5 mm.
4. The dual polarized high main beam efficiency reflector antenna of claim 1 wherein said orthomode coupler further comprises a metallic tapered diaphragm embedded axially within said waveguide cavity, said metallic tapered diaphragm being on a side adjacent to said axial port.
5. The dual polarized high main beam efficiency reflector antenna of claim 4, wherein said metal tapered patch is shaped as a wedge from a rectangular shape.
6. The dual polarized high main beam efficiency reflector antenna of claim 1, wherein said parabolic reflector is a parabolic rotationally symmetric structure or a parabolic cylindrical structure.
7. The dual polarized high main beam efficiency reflector antenna of claim 1 wherein the aperture D of said parabolic reflector is 1m, the focal length F of said parabolic reflector is 0.5mm, and the half field angle θ of said parabolic reflector is 53.13 °.
8. The dual polarized high main beam efficiency reflector antenna of claim 1 wherein said waveguide cavity is a standard circular waveguide C190 or a square waveguide.
9. The dual polarized high main beam efficiency reflector antenna of claim 1 wherein said side-coupled ports employ standard rectangular waveguides BJ 180.
10. A microwave radiometer comprising the dual polarized high main beam efficiency reflector antenna of any of claims 1 through 9.
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| CN202020362446.XU CN211295396U (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2020-03-20 | Dual-polarization high-main-beam-efficiency reflector antenna and microwave radiometer |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112993544A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-18 | 上海航天测控通信研究所 | X-frequency band multi-polarization multi-channel microwave assembly |
| CN117039453A (en) * | 2023-04-27 | 2023-11-10 | 佛山市波谱达通信科技有限公司 | A cut parabolic antenna for mobile communication field |
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2020
- 2020-03-20 CN CN202020362446.XU patent/CN211295396U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112993544A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-18 | 上海航天测控通信研究所 | X-frequency band multi-polarization multi-channel microwave assembly |
| CN117039453A (en) * | 2023-04-27 | 2023-11-10 | 佛山市波谱达通信科技有限公司 | A cut parabolic antenna for mobile communication field |
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