CN211284480U - Large granule tombarthite waste material preliminary treatment workshop - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment workshop, which comprises a grinding material system, a feeding system, a heating system, a cooling system, a dust collecting system and a heat exchange recovery system; the heating system is used for conveying and heating the oxidized rare earth waste, and the cooling system is connected with the heating system and used for conveying and cooling the heated and oxidized rare earth waste; the dust collecting system comprises a finished product bin, and is connected to the rear end of the cooling system and used for grinding the cooled rare earth waste into rare earth dust and collecting the rare earth dust into the finished product bin; the heat exchange recovery system realizes the graded cooling of the rare earth waste materials through the exhaust at the tail end of the heating system and the exhaust at the front end of the cooling system respectively. The utility model relates to a full closed, the full automated processing of large granule tombarthite waste material can not only be realized to large granule tombarthite waste material preliminary treatment workshop, and can realize that the tombarthite dust in the course of working is collected.

Description

Large granule tombarthite waste material preliminary treatment workshop

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a tombarthite preliminary treatment equipment field particularly, relates to a large granule tombarthite waste material preliminary treatment workshop.

Background

Before the extraction of the rare earth waste, the heating oxidation treatment of the rare earth waste is generally required, and the rare earth waste after the oxidation heat treatment of the heating kiln can enter a subsequent powder preparation process of the pretreatment of the rare earth waste after being further cooled to below forty-fifty degrees so as to be convenient for the extraction of the pretreated rare earth.

The traditional rare earth waste pretreatment process comprises the steps of crushing and stirring rare earth materials, heating and oxidizing, natural cooling and pulverizing, and specifically, the temperature of the rare earth waste materials is very high after the rare earth waste materials are heated and oxidized in a heating kiln, so that the temperature of the rare earth waste materials is naturally reduced to meet the temperature after the rare earth waste materials are poured out of the heating kiln, and then the rare earth waste materials are conveyed to the next process for processing by manpower, so that on one hand, the whole pretreatment time is greatly increased due to the natural cooling, on the other hand, the automatic pulverization and the automatic processing among all processes cannot be realized aiming at the large rare earth waste materials, the manpower transportation and the turnover are needed, the manpower cost is increased, and the rare earth dust is also raised in the process of pouring the rare earth waste materials out of all processes, the materials are wasted, and a pretreatment workshop is also.

To sum up, the existing large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment workshop can not completely realize the full-closed and full-automatic processing in the pretreatment process aiming at the large-particle rare earth waste, and can not completely collect the rare earth dust in the processing process.

In view of this, this application utility model people utility model discloses a large granule tombarthite waste material preliminary treatment workshop.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to provide a totally closed, the full automated processing of large granule tombarthite waste material, and can realize the large granule tombarthite waste material preliminary treatment workshop that the tombarthite dust in the course of working was collected.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment workshop comprises a heating system, a cooling system, a heat exchange recovery system, a dust collection system, a feeding system and an abrasive material system; the grinding material system comprises a primary grinding mechanism, a mixing bin, a fine grinding mechanism and a settling bin which are sequentially connected, and is used for grinding the large-particle rare earth waste materials and feeding the large-particle rare earth waste materials to the feeding system; the feeding system is used for feeding materials to the heating system, the heating system is used for conveying and heating oxidized rare earth waste materials, and the cooling system is connected with the heating system and used for conveying and cooling the heated and oxidized rare earth waste materials; the dust collecting system comprises a finished product bin, and is connected to the rear end of the cooling system and used for grinding the cooled rare earth waste into rare earth dust and collecting the rare earth dust into the finished product bin; the heat exchange recovery system is respectively through the terminal convulsions of heating system with cooling system front end convulsions are in order to realize the cooling in grades to the tombarthite waste material to collect the tombarthite dust extremely through heat exchange with the cooling of high temperature tombarthite dust simultaneously finished product feed bin.

As a further improvement, the grinding material system further comprises a first lifting machine, a conveying mechanism, a second lifting machine and a first stirring barrel, wherein the primary grinding mechanism is a hammer crusher, and the fine grinding mechanism is a ball mill; the first lifting machine, the primary grinding mechanism, the conveying mechanism, the second lifting machine, the mixing bin, the fine grinding mechanism, the first stirring barrel and the settling bin are sequentially connected, and a settling feed pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the settling bin and used for spirally feeding the feeding system.

As a further improvement, the first stirring barrel pumps the liquid with the rare earth waste materials into the sedimentation bin through an extraction pipe for sedimentation, and a liquid recovery observation pipe is arranged on the side wall of the sedimentation bin close to the top and used for pumping the liquid back into the mixing bin.

As a further improvement, a return pipe communicated with the interior of the first stirring barrel is further arranged on the extraction pipe, and the discharge amount of the ball mill is equal to the feed amount pumped into the sedimentation bin by adjusting the return flow.

As a further improvement, the heating system comprises a heating kiln, and the cooling system comprises a cooling kiln, a cooling water spray pipe arranged above the cooling kiln and a cooling water recovery part arranged below the cooling kiln; the heating kiln is communicated with the cooling kiln.

As a further improvement, a blanking hopper and a cooling rare earth feeding channel are arranged between the heating kiln and the cooling kiln, the blanking hopper is arranged at the tail of the heating kiln and used for receiving rare earth waste, the cooling rare earth feeding channel is used for conveying the rare earth waste falling from the blanking hopper into the cooling kiln for cooling, and a first exhaust pipe is further arranged above the blanking hopper.

As a further improvement, the cooling system further comprises a connecting cover, the cooling kiln passes through the connecting cover and extends into the connecting cover, the cooling rare earth feeding channel passes through the connecting cover and extends into the cooling kiln, and a second exhaust pipe is further arranged above the connecting cover.

As a further improvement, the heat exchange recovery system comprises a primary heat exchange recovery unit and a secondary heat exchange recovery unit, wherein the primary heat exchange recovery unit is used for recovering rare earth dust in high-temperature flue gas in the heating kiln and discharging the gas through an exhaust chimney; and the secondary heat exchange recovery unit is used for recovering rare earth dust in the high-temperature flue gas in the cooling kiln and discharging the gas through the exhaust chimney.

As a further improvement, the dust collection system comprises a storage bin, a pulverizer, an air blower and a transfer bin, wherein the storage bin is used for storing the rare earth material cooled by the cooling kiln and feeding the rare earth material to the pulverizer, and the pulverizer, the transfer bin and the air blower sequentially form a circulating gas path through pipelines; and the bottom of the transfer bin is connected with a dust conveying pipeline for conveying the ground rare earth dust to the finished product bin.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the utility model relates to an abrasive material system in large granule tombarthite waste material preliminary treatment workshop can be effectively with large granule tombarthite dust respectively through processes such as broken-compounding-correct grinding-stirring-subside finally to the feed system transport the tombarthite waste material that accords with the granule size be convenient for carry on processes such as subsequent tombarthite waste material thermal oxidation, cooling, tombarthite dust recovery, each mechanism of entire system connects in order and cooperates ingeniously in order to effectively realize that the abrasive material process is reasonable and high-efficient, and the function is easy to go.

2. The utility model relates to an abrasive material system in large granule tombarthite waste material preliminary treatment workshop passes through the ball mill, first agitator and the cooperation of subsiding the storehouse, not only can effectively solve ball mill exhaust material and directly fall into the technical problem that the container is not convenient for subside in, can also carry out the transit stirring simultaneously through first agitator and take out to subside the storehouse in with the extraction pipe of being convenient for of realizing the evenly distributed of tombarthite waste material in liquid, finally carry out complete settlement through subsiding the storehouse, with the realization to the sufficient low tombarthite waste material of moisture content of feed system transport.

3. The utility model relates to a grinding material system in large granule tombarthite waste material preliminary treatment workshop sets up a liquid recovery observation tube through subsiding the storehouse lateral wall, on the one hand can effectively realize the recovery of liquid and continue to use in the blending bunker, more importantly, can judge the separation degree in subsiding the storehouse through observing the liquid turbidity that flows out to the blending bunker in the liquid recovery observation tube, if the liquid that flows out is clear, represent the rare earth waste material volume of separation less and still deposit in subsiding the storehouse bottom and need continue to subside, if the liquid that flows out is turbid, represent the rare earth waste material volume of separation more and deposited near subsiding the storehouse top, then open and subside storehouse bottom outlet valve mouth at this moment, carry out the spiral feeding through subsiding the conveying pipeline, the whole sets up ingeniously, can realize the detection to subsiding the degree fast through mechanical structure, need not pass through electronic detection equipment such as electronic sensor, the detection cost is greatly reduced, and the function is easy to implement.

4. The utility model relates to a whole heating system that adopts in large granule tombarthite waste material preliminary treatment workshop, cooling system, the structure that dust collection system and heat exchange recovery system combined together not only can effectively realize tombarthite waste material from the thermal oxidation to cooling to the full automatically sealed processing of powder process to collecting the dust, can not only realize the auxiliary cooling to the tombarthite waste material through heat exchange recovery system simultaneously, can also retrieve to the tombarthite dust that produces in thermal oxidation and the cooling process and collect in order effectively to improve the ultimate dust collection volume of tombarthite waste material preliminary treatment process, workshop overall design is very ingenious reasonable, completely overturned in traditional tombarthite preliminary treatment workshop through just directly the ejection of compact carries out natural cooling after the thermal oxidation, the low mode that still causes the tombarthite dust extravagant simultaneously of degree of automation, realized the full-automatic of tombarthite, The totally enclosed processing not only reduces the labor cost, but also accelerates the overall processing time, and also greatly improves the yield of the rare earth dust, thereby being convenient for extracting more rare earth metals by the subsequent process.

5. The utility model relates to a feeding system in a large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment workshop, which uses a hydraulic motor to replace a motor to drive a stirring shaft to rotate, a base for fixing the hydraulic motor is limited by a second limit block, when a stirring blade on the stirring shaft is blocked, the torque force of the hydraulic motor is transmitted to the base through the reaction force of the stirring shaft, the position of the base is limited by the second limit block along the length direction, the reaction force of the stirring shaft can press the base to a first limit block at one side of the base, and the stirring blade is separated from the rare earth waste which is blocked by the stirring blade by the positioning block rising along the inclined plane of the first limit block, thereby avoiding the blocking, when the stirring blade is separated from the rare earth waste to rotate again, the base can gradually fall under the self gravity, the stirring blade can stir the rare earth waste again, when the blocking is encountered again, the stirring mechanism can automatically repeat the, guarantee that rabbling mechanism when meetting the card and die, can automatic adjustment stirring leaf, need not manual operation, improved production efficiency, use hydraulic motor to replace the motor moreover, also prevented that the motor from burning out, reduced manufacturing cost.

6. The utility model relates to a heating system and cooling system in large granule tombarthite waste material preliminary treatment workshop adopt the structure that the heating kiln combines the cooling kiln can effectively realize that the tombarthite waste material directly gets into the cooling kiln through the blanking fill after the thermal oxidation, and effectively cool off the tombarthite waste material through cooling system, overall structure design is ingenious reasonable, just direct ejection of compact carries out natural cooling's mode after the heating kiln in the traditional tombarthite preliminary treatment has been overturned completely, cooling system has been increased and the cost of labor has not only been reduced, but also the cool time has been accelerated greatly, holistic automatic processing ization has been improved.

7. The utility model relates to an in the large granule tombarthite waste material preliminary treatment workshop because the raw materials need the air oxidation when heating the kiln oxidation, and traditional tombarthite heating kiln handles in order to shift to next process in empting of better playing the blast air effect and material, generally all sets up the air-blower at calcination kiln front end and rear end and blast air, but this kind of blast air mode often can not guarantee the stable recovery of dust material, also can exert an influence to heating effect simultaneously. And the present case carries out the induced air through the first draught fan of rear end through the frequency conversion, the front end air inlet, control the amount of wind through the frequency conversion fan, ensure that the required oxygen of oxidation and the smoke and dust rare earth gas that contains the high temperature that produces when making the oxidation get into heat exchange recovery system, and carry out the detection of dust and control through four dust sensors and correspond at water-cooled heat exchanger, air-cooled heat exchanger, cyclone, the valve port of sack dust catcher lower extreme is opened, utilize the air-blower to carry the dust of collecting to the finished product feed bin through the pipe-line transportation at last, in order to realize the multiple effective recovery many times to the tombarthite dust material, effectively increase tombarthite output, and is ingenious.

8. The utility model relates to a dust recovery system in large granule tombarthite waste material preliminary treatment workshop adopts the milling machine, the transfer feed bin, the circulation gas circuit structure of air-blower can effectively realize that the amount of wind control of the cooperation air-blower through the milling machine will accord with the tombarthite dust granule drum that the granule size required and go into the transfer feed bin, guide the return air blower with wind simultaneously again and do and form a circulation gas circuit, rethread dust pipeline carries the tombarthite dust and saves in an solitary finished product feed bin, overall structure is stable, and tombarthite dust is retrieved effectually.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an abrasive system and a feeding system in a large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant of the present invention, except for an abrasive system;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a feeding system in a large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a stirring mechanism in a large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment workshop according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of a stirring mechanism in a large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment workshop according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating system and a cooling system in a large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a heating kiln in a large particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a cooling kiln in a large particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the system connection of the heat exchange recovery system in the large particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is the utility model discloses a dust collecting system's in large granule tombarthite waste material preliminary treatment workshop structural schematic.

Description of the main elements

10. A heating system; 11. heating the kiln; 111. an outer ply; 112. a high temperature resistant layer; 113. turning over a plate; 12. a rotary supporting seat; 121. a slewing ring; 122. supporting the limiting seat; 1221. a drum; 1222. a limit baffle; 13. a temperature sensor; 14. a feeding front cover; 141. a feed port; 142. a vent hole; 15. a blanking hopper; 16. a first exhaust pipe;

20. a cooling system; 21. cooling the kiln; 211. a second flap; 22. cooling water spray pipes; 23. a cooling water recovery part; 24. cooling the rare earth feed channel; 25. a connecting cover; 26. a second exhaust pipe; 27. a water guide plate; 28. a second rotary support seat; 29. a material filter;

30. a heat exchange recovery system; 31. a first water-cooled heat exchanger; 311. a first dust sensor; 312. a first valve; 32. an air-cooled heat exchanger; 321. a second dust sensor; 322. a second valve; 33. a cyclone dust collector; 331. a third dust sensor; 332. a third valve; 34. a first bag collector; 341. a fourth dust sensor; 342. a fourth valve; 343. a wild wind inlet pipe; 344. a bypass valve; 345. a flue gas temperature detector; 35. a first induced draft fan; 351. a first dust detector; 36. an exhaust stack; 37. A second water-cooled heat exchanger; 371. a fifth dust sensor; 372. a fifth valve; 38. a second bag collector; 381. a sixth dust sensor; 382. a sixth valve; 39. a second induced draft fan; 391. a second dust detector;

40. a collection system; 41. a storage bin; 42. a pulverizer; 43. a blower; 431. a blower connecting pipe; 44. a transfer bin; 45. a third bag collector; 46. a blower;

50. a feed system; 51. a stirring mechanism; 511. a second mixing tank; 512. a hydraulic motor; 513. stirring blades; 514. a stirring shaft; 515. a base; 516. a first stopper; 517. a second limiting block; 518. positioning blocks; 52. a lifting mechanism; 521. a lift bucket; 522. lifting the ladder; 53. a feeding mechanism; 531. a feed hopper; 532. a feed conduit; 533. a feeding motor;

60. an abrasive system; 61. a feeding platform; 62. a first hoist; 63. a primary grinding mechanism; 64. a transport mechanism; 65. a second hoist; 66. a mixing bin; 67. a fine grinding mechanism; 68. a first mixing tank; 681. an extraction pipe; 682. a return pipe; 69. settling a bin; 691. a liquid recovery observation tube; 692. a sedimentation feeding pipeline; 100. finished product feed bin.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention are combined to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

In the present disclosure, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact between the first and second features, or may comprise contact between the first and second features not directly. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Referring to fig. 1, a large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant includes a heating system 10, a cooling system 20, a dust collecting system 40, a heat exchange recovery system 30, a feeding system 50 and an abrasive system; the grinding system is used for grinding the large-particle rare earth waste and feeding the large-particle rare earth waste to the feeding system; the feeding system 50 is used for feeding materials to the heating system 10, the heating system 10 is used for conveying and heating oxidized rare earth waste materials, and the cooling system 20 is connected with the heating system 10 and used for conveying and cooling the heated and oxidized rare earth waste materials; the dust collection system 40 comprises a finished product bin 100, and the dust collection system 40 is connected to the rear end of the cooling system 20 and is used for grinding the cooled rare earth waste into rare earth dust and collecting the rare earth dust into the finished product bin 100; heat exchange recovery system 30 is respectively through heating system 10 end convulsions with cooling system 20 front end convulsions are in order to realize the cooling in grades to the tombarthite waste material to collect the tombarthite dust extremely through heat exchange high temperature tombarthite dust cooling simultaneously finished product feed bin 100.

The whole structure combining the heating system 10, the cooling system 20, the dust collecting system 40 and the heat exchange recovery system 30 can effectively realize the full-automatic sealed processing of the rare earth waste from heating oxidation to cooling to powder making to dust collection, simultaneously, the heat exchange recovery system 30 can not only realize the auxiliary cooling of the rare earth waste, but also can recover and collect the rare earth dust generated in the heating oxidation and cooling processes so as to effectively improve the final dust collection amount in the rare earth waste pretreatment process, the whole design of the workshop is ingenious and reasonable, the method that the rare earth dust is directly discharged for natural cooling after the heating oxidation in the traditional rare earth pretreatment workshop is completely overturned, the automation degree is low, the method of rare earth dust waste is also caused, the full-automatic and full-closed processing in the rare earth waste pretreatment process is really realized, the labor cost is reduced, but also quickens the overall processing time, greatly improves the yield of the rare earth dust and is convenient for extracting more rare earth metals by the subsequent process.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, in an embodiment, the grinding material system 60 includes a primary grinding mechanism 63, a mixing bin 66, a fine grinding mechanism 67 and a settling bin 69, which are connected in sequence, and further, the grinding material system 60 further includes a first lifting machine 62, a transporting mechanism 64, a second lifting machine 65 and a first stirring barrel 68, the primary grinding mechanism 63 is a hammer mill, and the fine grinding mechanism 67 is an overflow ball mill; the first hoisting machine 62, the primary grinding mechanism 63, the conveying mechanism 64, the second hoisting machine 65, the mixing bin 66, the fine grinding mechanism 67, the first stirring barrel 68 and the settling bin 69 are connected in sequence, and a settling feeding pipeline 692 is arranged at the bottom of the settling bin 69 and used for spirally feeding materials to the feeding system.

The whole grinding material system 60 adopting the structure can effectively convey large-particle rare earth dust to the feeding system through the processes of crushing, mixing, fine grinding, stirring, settling and the like, so that the subsequent processes of heating, oxidizing, cooling, recovering rare earth dust and the like of the rare earth waste materials according with the particle size can be conveniently carried out.

Simultaneously, the grinding material system 60 not only can effectively solve the technical problem that the materials discharged by the ball mill directly fall into the container and are not convenient for sedimentation through the cooperation of the ball mill, the first stirring barrel 68 and the sedimentation bin 69, but also can transfer and stir through the first stirring barrel 68 to realize the uniform distribution of the rare earth waste materials in the liquid, so that the extraction pipe 681 can be conveniently pumped into the sedimentation bin 69, and finally complete sedimentation is carried out through the sedimentation bin 69 to realize the conveyance of the rare earth waste materials with the low enough moisture content to the feeding system.

Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment, the first stirring barrel 68 pumps the liquid with the rare earth waste to the settling bin 69 through a suction pipe 681 for settling, the suction pipe 681 pumps the liquid through a water pump, and a liquid recovery observation pipe 691 is disposed on a side wall of the settling bin 69 near the top for pumping the liquid back to the mixing bin 66.

The abrasive material system 60 can effectively realize the recovery of liquid to continue to be used in the mixing bin 66 by arranging the structure of the liquid recovery observation tube 691 on the side wall of the settling bin 69, more importantly, the separation degree in the settling bin 69 can be judged by observing the turbidity degree of the liquid flowing out of the liquid recovery observation tube 691 to the mixing bin 66, if the flowing-out liquid is clear, the separated rare earth waste is less and is deposited at the bottom of the settling bin 69 to continue to settle, if the flowing-out liquid is turbid, the separated rare earth waste is more and is deposited at the top close to the settling bin 69, at the moment, the outlet valve port at the bottom of the settling bin 69 is opened, the spiral feeding is carried out through the settling feeding pipeline 692, the whole arrangement is ingenious, the detection of the settling degree can be quickly realized through the mechanical structure, electronic detection equipment such as an electronic sensor is not needed, the detection cost is greatly reduced, the function is easy to implement.

Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment, a return pipe 682 communicating with the inside of the first stirring barrel 68 is further disposed on the extraction pipe 681, so that the discharge amount of the ball mill is equal to the feed amount pumped into the settling bin 69 by adjusting the return flow, and the volume of the rare earth waste liquid in the first stirring barrel 68 can be effectively ensured to be constant by controlling the discharge amount of the ball mill to be equal to the feed amount pumped into the settling bin 69, thereby ensuring the whole process to be performed stably.

Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment, a feeding platform 61 may be further disposed in front of the first elevator 62, a worker may transport large-particle rare earth waste to the feeding platform 61 by using a tool such as a trolley, and pour the large-particle rare earth waste into the first elevator 62 for subsequent processing, the transport mechanism 64 is disposed at the rear end of the hammer crusher and conveys the crushed rare earth waste by using a belt, and a dust cover may be further disposed outside the transport mechanism 64 to prevent the rare earth waste from flying when the rare earth waste enters the transport mechanism 64 from the hammer crusher and enters the second elevator 65 from the transport mechanism 64 to cause pollution and waste of materials, thereby realizing closed processing. The mixing bin 66 is used for receiving the rare earth waste transported by the second hoister 65 and supplying water through a separate water pipe (not shown) to ensure that the rare earth waste is flushed into the ball mill; the other end of the sedimentation feeding pipe 692 is communicated with the interior of a second stirring barrel to be described below and used for conveying the refined rare earth waste material to the second stirring barrel 511 to be described below.

Referring to fig. 3 to 6, in an embodiment, the feeding system 50 includes a stirring mechanism 51, a lifting mechanism 52 and a feeding mechanism 53, the stirring mechanism 51 comprises a second stirring barrel 511, a hydraulic motor 512, a stirring blade 513 and a base 515, the second stirring barrel 511 is arranged below the ground through a barrel edge fixing frame arranged outwards at the upper edge, the hydraulic motor 512 is fixed on the base 515 and is in driving connection with the stirring blade 513 in the second stirring barrel 511 through a stirring shaft 514, the base 515 is disposed above the second mixing drum 511 in a limited manner, the upper surface of the second mixing drum 511 is defined as the top surface of the drum, the height of the top surface of the barrel is higher than the ground, the top surface of the barrel is provided with a first limit block 516, when the stirring blade 513 is clamped, the reaction force is transmitted to the base 515, so that the base 515 is ejected out under the action of the first limit block 516 to avoid the dead locking of the stirring blade 513.

Further, the first limit blocks 516 are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the barrel at two sides of the base 515 along the length direction, a plurality of second limit blocks 517 are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the barrel at two sides of the base 515 along the width direction, so as to limit the position of the base 515 on the top surface of the barrel along the length direction, two side surfaces of the base 515 along the length direction are respectively and symmetrically provided with a positioning block 518 corresponding to the first limiting block 516, one side surface of the first limiting block 516 close to the positioning block 518 is an inclined surface, the side edge of the positioning block 518 close to the first limiting block 516 is abutted against the inclined surface of the first limiting block 516, when the stirring blade 513 is stuck by the rare earth waste material, the base 515 is lifted and ejected along the inclined surface of the first stopper 516 by the torque force of the hydraulic motor 512, so as to prevent the stirring blade 513 from being stuck.

Wherein, the hydraulic motor 512 is used to replace the motor to drive the stirring shaft 514 to rotate, the base 515 for fixing the hydraulic motor 512 is limited by the second limit block 517, when the stirring blade 513 on the stirring shaft 514 is blocked, the torque force of the hydraulic motor 512 is transmitted to the base 515 by the reaction force of the stirring shaft 514, because the base 515 is limited by the second limit block 517 along the length direction, the reaction force of the stirring shaft 514 can press the base 515 to the first limit block 516 on one side of the base 515, and rise along the inclined plane of the first limit block 516 through the positioning block 518, so that the stirring blade 513 is separated from the rare earth waste material to be blocked by the stirring blade 513, thereby avoiding the blocking, when the stirring blade 513 is separated from the rare earth waste material to restart to rotate, the base 515 gradually descends under the self gravity, the stirring blade 513 stirs the rare earth waste material again, when the blocking is encountered again, the stirring mechanism 51 can automatically, when the stirring mechanism 51 is stuck, the stirring blades 513 can be automatically adjusted without manual operation, so that the production efficiency is improved, the hydraulic motor 512 is used for replacing the motor, the motor is prevented from being burnt out, and the production cost is reduced.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in the embodiment, a distance between each two second limiting blocks 517 symmetrically disposed on two sides of the base 515 is the same as the length of the base 515, so that the position of the base 515 in the length direction is fixed and does not move.

The height of the second stopper 517 on the barrel top surface is greater than the thickness of the base 515, the height of the first stopper 516 on the barrel top surface is the same as the height of the second stopper 517 on the barrel top surface, and the heights of the second stopper 517 and the first stopper 516 on the barrel top surface are both greater than the stirring depth of the stirring blade 513 in rare earth waste. Wherein, the height of the second stopper 517 and the first stopper 516 on the top surface of the barrel is limited, and the base 515 is prevented from being separated from the limitation of the second stopper 517 and the first stopper 516, which causes a potential safety hazard.

The locating piece 518 is the triangular prism, a locating piece 518 side with base 515 fixed connection, the locating piece 518 side with base 515 side is parallel. The side of the positioning block 518 abuts against the first stopper 516, so as to reduce the contact area and indirectly reduce the friction, so that the base 515 can more easily ascend or descend along the first stopper 516.

The first limiting block 516 on one side of the base 515 is provided with a feeding cover plate in a reversible manner. Further, two side faces of one end of the feeding cover plate close to the base 515 are symmetrically provided with rotating shafts, and the feeding cover plate is connected with the first limiting block 516 through the rotating shafts in a turnover manner.

In addition, a handle is provided at an end of the feeding cover plate away from the base 515. Wherein, the feeding apron accessible handle is lifted, and the tombarthite waste material is poured into and is covered the feeding apron again behind the second agitator 511, and the foreign matter departure when preventing the stirring causes the potential safety hazard. A plurality of blocking rods are arranged on the inner side wall of the top surface of the barrel on the other side of the base 515 far away from the feeding cover plate. The stop lever can prevent sundries or people from falling into the second stirring barrel 511, which causes potential safety hazard.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the lifting mechanism 52 includes a lifting bucket 521, a lifting ladder 522, and a lifting motor (not shown in the figure), the lifting bucket 521 is disposed below the second stirring barrel 511 at an initial position, the bottom of the second stirring barrel 511 can be controlled to open and close to pour and stir the materials into the lifting bucket 521, a lifting pulley set is disposed on the lifting bucket 521, a lifting rope is sleeved on the lifting pulley set, and the lifting motor pulls the lifting rope to drive the lifting bucket 521 to climb on the lifting ladder 522. The lifting ladder 522 is provided with a limiting clamp and a limiting turnover part, the lifting bucket 521 is provided with a limiting turnover part, and when the lifting bucket 521 is lifted to the upper side of the feeding hopper 531, the limiting turnover part is turned over and dumps to the feeding hopper 531 under the pulling of the clamp of the limiting clamp and the limiting turnover part and a lifting rope.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the feeding mechanism 53 includes a feeding hopper 531, a feeding pipe 532 and a feeding motor 533, the feeding hopper 531 is used for receiving the rare earth scrap in the lifting hopper 521, the lower surface of the feeding hopper 531 is communicated with a feeding pipe 532, and the feeding pipe 532 extends into the heating kiln and is spirally fed by the feeding motor 533.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 3, and fig. 7 to fig. 9, the heating system 10 includes a heating kiln 11 and a plurality of rotary supporting seats 12, where the rotary supporting seats 12 are used for supporting the heating kiln 11 and enabling the heating kiln 11 to rotate along an axis; the heating kiln 11 comprises an outer plate layer 111 and a high temperature resistant layer 112 which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, and the surface of the high temperature resistant layer 112 is further provided with a plurality of turning plates 113 which are arranged along the axial direction of the heating kiln 11 and used for stirring rare earth waste; the outer plate layer 111 is formed by bending and welding steel plates.

Furthermore, a plurality of turning plates 113 are uniformly and centrosymmetrically arranged in the material contact layer. Further, the length direction of the turning plate 113 and the axis of the heating kiln 11 form an included angle, so that the height of the turning plate 113 gradually decreases in the direction from the kiln head to the kiln tail. Specifically, an included angle between the length direction of the turning plate 113 and the axis of the heating kiln 11 is defined as α, wherein the value of α is 3-5 °. The turnover plate 113 adopts such an inclined arrangement structure, so that the materials turned over by the turnover plate 113 can be effectively ensured to fall from the kiln head to the kiln tail along the inclined plane of the turnover plate 113 in the process of rotation of the turnover plate 113 due to the height difference of the turnover plate 113, and the continuous forward conveying of the materials is realized.

The turning plate 113 extends from the head of the heating kiln 11 to the tail of the heating kiln 11, that is, the length of the turning plate 113 is longer than that of the heating kiln 11.

In addition, the turning plates 113 are divided into a plurality of groups in the length direction of the heating kiln 11, specifically, a plurality of turning plates 113 which are centrosymmetric are arranged along the inner wall in each unit length of the heating kiln 11, and the turning plates 113 in each unit length are not connected, so that the turning plates 113 can be conveniently installed by adopting the structure of the turning plates 113, the materials can be quickly dropped by the turning plates 113 and then turned over by the turning plates 113 in the next unit again due to the limitation of the length of the turning plates 113, and the materials are heated more uniformly.

Referring to fig. 8, in the embodiment, a ratio of the width of the turning plate 113 to the radius of the material contact layer is defined as d, where d ranges from 0.15 to 0.25, and the turning plate 113 is set to have a width within a certain range, on one hand, it can avoid that the material falls from the turning plate 113 too fast due to too narrow width, which results in insufficient oxidation, on the other hand, the material with a proper amount can stay on the turning plate 113 for a proper time through the setting of a certain width, and when the material falls back to the bottom of the inner wall of the heating kiln 11, the material at the bottom is taken away by the previous turning plate 113, which ensures uniform heating and oxidation of the entire material.

Furthermore, the turning plate 113 is inclined in the width direction, and the inclination angle is preferably within 5 degrees, and the structure is also adopted to realize that the height of the turning plate 113 close to the high temperature resistant layer 112 is higher when the heating kiln 11 rotates, so that the material is easier to fall along the width direction of the turning plate 113 after being lifted to a high position.

The high temperature resistant layer 112 is formed by bonding a plurality of high temperature resistant rings through refractory mortar, and the high temperature resistant rings are formed by bonding a plurality of arc-shaped bricks through refractory mortar. Further, the arc-shaped bricks are high-temperature-resistant high-alumina bricks. The high temperature resistant layer 112 adopts the structure that the rings are bonded, so that not only can the overall stability be ensured, but also the unit replacement can be conveniently carried out when a single high temperature resistant brick or a single ring of the high temperature resistant layer 112 has a problem.

A temperature sensor 13 and a wireless transmitter are further fixed outside the heating kiln 11. The temperature of the common rare earth waste suitable for high-temperature oxidation is 700-800 ℃, and when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 13 is too high, the system can control the spiral feeding pipe in front of the heating kiln 11 to accelerate the feeding speed after receiving a temperature signal sent by the wireless transmitter; when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 13 is too low, the system can control the screw feeding pipe in front of the heating kiln 11 to reduce the feeding speed after receiving the temperature signal sent by the wireless transmitter.

Each rotary supporting seat 12 comprises a rotary ring 121 and two supporting limiting seats 122; the revolving ring 121 is fixedly sleeved outside the outer plate layer 111, the supporting and limiting seat 122 comprises a roller 1221 and two limiting baffles 1222, the roller 1221 is rotatably connected with the two limiting baffles 1222 through a bearing, and the roller 1221 is further connected with a driving rod of a driving motor to rotate through driving the roller 1221.

The rotary ring 121 is arranged on the roller 1221 between the two limit baffles 1222, the rotary ring 121 is driven to rotate and drive the heating kiln 11 to integrally rotate by the rotation of the roller 1221, and a limit groove and a limit block which are matched with each other can be further arranged between the roller 1221 and the rotary ring 121 to enhance the friction force during movement.

Rare earth heating kiln 11 further includes a feeding protecgulum 14, 14 below of feeding protecgulum are provided with the protecgulum supporting seat, feeding protecgulum 14 covers 11 front ends of heating kiln, and feeding protecgulum 14 has seted up feed port 141 along 11 length direction of heating kiln and has been used for stretching into feedstock channel, feeding protecgulum 14 further is provided with a plurality of ventilation hole 142.

Referring to fig. 7 and 9, the cooling system 20 includes a cooling kiln 21, a cooling water spray pipe 22 disposed above the cooling kiln 21, and a cooling water recovery unit 23 disposed below the cooling kiln 21; the heating kiln 11 is communicated with the cooling kiln 21.

Further, a blanking hopper 15 and a cooling rare earth feeding channel 24 are arranged between the heating kiln 11 and the cooling kiln 21, the blanking hopper 15 is arranged at the kiln tail of the heating kiln 11 and used for receiving rare earth waste, and the cooling rare earth feeding channel 24 is used for conveying the rare earth waste dropped by the blanking hopper 15 to the cooling kiln 21 for cooling.

Preferably, the included angle between the length direction of the heating kiln 11 and the length direction of the cooling kiln 21 ranges from 45 degrees to 90 degrees, and the arrangement of the position can effectively reduce the high-temperature rare earth dust in the heating kiln 11 entering the cooling kiln 21 along with the air flow, and can further ensure the grading cooling effect of the rare earth waste.

Wholly adopt heating kiln 11 to combine the structure of cooling kiln 21 can effectively realize that the tombarthite waste material directly gets into cooling kiln 21 through blanking fill 15 after the thermal oxidation, and effectively cool off the tombarthite waste material through cooling system 20, overall structure design is ingenious reasonable, just direct ejection of compact carries out natural cooling's mode after heating kiln 11 in having overturned traditional tombarthite preliminary treatment completely, cooling system 20 has been increased and the cost of labor has not only been reduced, but also the cooling time has been accelerated greatly, holistic automatic processing ization has been improved.

Further, a first exhaust pipe 16 is further arranged above the blanking hopper 15, and by adopting the structure of the first exhaust pipe 16, the rare earth in the heating kiln 11 can be cooled in an auxiliary manner, and meanwhile, rare earth dust generated by stirring in the heating kiln 11 can be collected.

Cooling system 20 further includes a connecting cover 25, cooling kiln 21 passes connecting cover 25 extends to in the connecting cover 25, cooling tombarthite feedstock channel 24 passes connecting cover 25 extends to in the cooling kiln 21, the tombarthite waste material is carried through spiral feeding's mode to cooling tombarthite feedstock channel 24, connecting cover 25 top further is provided with a second exhaust column 26, and the structure that adopts second exhaust column 26 not only can assist the cooling to the tombarthite in the cooling kiln 21, can also collect the tombarthite dust that produces because of the stirring in the cooling kiln 21 simultaneously.

A water guide plate 27 is further arranged below the cooling water spray pipe 22 and above the cooling kiln 21, the water guide plate 27 is arranged between the following two second rotary supporting seats 28, a cooling water bag can be further arranged above the kiln head of the cooling kiln 21, a plurality of water spray nozzles are uniformly distributed on the cooling water spray pipe 22, and a plurality of water guide grooves are formed in the upper surface of the water guide plate 27 to enable the upper surface of the water guide plate 27 to be in a zigzag shape along the length direction of the cooling kiln 21. The structure of the water guide plate 27 can effectively realize the flow of cooling water along each water guide groove so as to realize uniform cooling of the outer wall of the cooling kiln 21.

Further, the axis of water deflector 27 with the projection coincidence of the axis of cooling kiln 21 on the horizontal plane, the definition the width of water deflector 27 accounts for the proportion of cooling kiln 21 diameter is h, and wherein the value of h is 0.4~0.6, and is preferred, and the value of h is 0.5, adopts such proportion setting not only can avoid leading to the cooling water to drip the top part of cooling kiln 21 when the proportion is too little to make the cooling effect not good because the rare earth waste material can't reach the top part of cooling kiln 21 inner wall, secondly can also avoid leading to the cooling water to drip the place that cooling kiln 21 is close to the outward flange when the proportion is too big and lead to the dwell time of cooling water on the cooling kiln 21 outer wall not enough, cause the not good influence of cooling effect.

The cooling water recovery part 23 is used for receiving cooling water flowing down from the peripheral wall of the cooling kiln 21, and the bottom of the cooling water recovery part 23 is further connected with a circulating water pipe and a water pump, and the water pump is used for pumping the cooling water back to the cooling water spray pipe 22.

The cooling water recovery part 23 is in a shape with a low middle and two high sides in the radial direction of the cooling kiln 21, and baffles are arranged at two ends of the cooling water recovery part, so that the cooling water can be rapidly collected.

The inner wall of the cooling kiln 21 is provided with a plurality of second turning plates 211 along the length direction, the length direction of the second turning plates 211 and the axis of the cooling kiln 21 form an included angle, so that the height of the second turning plates 211 gradually decreases from the kiln head of the cooling kiln 21 to the kiln tail of the cooling kiln 21. Specifically, an included angle between the length direction of the second turning plate 211 and the axis of the cooling kiln 21 is defined as β, wherein the value of β is 3 ° -5 °. The second turns over board 211 and adopts such slope to set up the structure, can effectively ensure that the second turns over the board 211 and make the tombarthite waste material that is turned up by the second turns over the board 211 to drop to cooling kiln 21 kiln tail direction by cooling kiln 21 kiln head along the inclined plane of second turning over board 211 at rotatory in-process tombarthite waste material because the difference in height of second turning over board 211 to realize the continuous onward transport of material.

The second turning plate 211 is further provided with a bending part at the end close to the axis of the cooling kiln 21 in the width direction, so that rare earth waste can be more easily scooped up.

In addition, other dimensions and arrangements of the second flap 211 can refer to the corresponding dimensions and arrangements of the first flap 113 in the heating kiln 11 described above.

Cooling system 20 further includes a plurality of second gyration supporting seat 28, the quantity of second gyration supporting seat 28 is two, second gyration supporting seat 28 is used for supporting cooling kiln 21 realizes cooling kiln 21 is rotatory along the axle center. The specific structure of the second rotary support seat 28 is similar to the structure of the first rotary support seat 12 described below.

Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment, a material collector is further connected to the rear of the cooling system 20, i.e., the rear end of the cooling kiln 21, a screen is disposed in the material collector for screening out impurities, screws, etc. with large volumes in the rare earth waste, and the rare earth waste meeting the subsequent processing requirements is sent into the dust collection system 40 by blowing or spiral feeding through the screen.

Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 10, the heat exchange recovery system 30 includes a primary heat exchange recovery unit and a secondary heat exchange recovery unit, and the primary heat exchange recovery unit is used for recovering rare earth dust in the high-temperature flue gas in the heating kiln 11 and discharging the gas through an exhaust stack 36; the secondary heat exchange recovery unit is used for recovering rare earth dust in the high-temperature flue gas in the cooling kiln 21 and discharging the gas through the exhaust chimney 36.

The primary heat exchange recovery unit comprises a first suction pipe, a first water-cooling heat exchanger 31, an air-cooling heat exchanger 32, a cyclone dust collector 33, a first bag type dust collector 34 and a first induced draft fan 35 which are sequentially connected, and the rear end of the first induced draft fan 35 is further connected with a pipeline for blowing out cooled flue gas from an exhaust chimney 36 through the pipeline; a first discharge hole is further formed in the bottom of the first water-cooled heat exchanger 31, a first dust sensor 311 and a first valve 312 are arranged at the first discharge hole, and the first discharge hole is further connected with a material recovery pipeline; a second discharge hole is further formed in the bottom of the air-cooled heat exchanger 32, a second dust sensor 321 and a second valve 322 are arranged at the second discharge hole, and the second discharge hole is connected with the material recovery pipeline; a third discharge hole is further formed in the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 33, a third dust sensor 331 and a third valve 332 are arranged at the third discharge hole, and the third discharge hole is connected with the material recovery pipeline; the bottom of first bag collector 34 further is provided with the fourth discharge gate, fourth discharge gate department is provided with fourth dust sensor 341 and fourth valve 342, the fourth discharge gate is connected the material recycling pipeline, first bag collector 34 with breather pipe between cyclone 33 is provided with a flue gas temperature detector 345, material recycling pipeline one end is provided with an air-blower 43, and the other end is linked together with finished product feed bin 100.

Because the raw materials need air oxidation when being oxidized in the heating kiln 11, and traditional tombarthite heating kiln 11 in order to better play the blast air effect and topple over of material in order to shift to the next process and handle, all set up air-blower 43 and blast air at roasting kiln front end and rear end generally, but this kind of blast air mode often can not guarantee the stable recovery of dust material, also can exert an influence to the heating effect simultaneously. And the present case carries out the induced air through the first draught fan 35 of rear end through the frequency conversion, the front end air inlet, control the amount of wind through the frequency conversion fan, ensure that the required oxygen of oxidation and the smoke and dust rare earth gas that contains the high temperature that produces when making the oxidation get into heat exchange recovery system 30, and carry out the detection of dust and control through four dust sensors and correspond at water-cooled heat exchanger, air-cooled heat exchanger 32, cyclone, the valve port of sack dust catcher lower extreme is opened, utilize air-blower 43 to carry the dust of collecting to finished product feed bin 100 through the pipe-line transportation at last, in order to realize the multiple effective recovery many times to the tombarthite dust material, effectively increase tombarthite output, and the structure is ingenious.

Meanwhile, in order to utilize the heat energy, an air-cooled heat exchanger and a water-cooled heat exchanger are additionally arranged at the front end of the smoke outlet to cool the high-temperature smoke, and hot water after heat exchange is utilized to other procedures, so that the overall energy utilization rate is improved, and the overall production cost is reduced.

Specifically, the temperature required by fully heating and oxidizing the rare earth materials at the beginning is 800-900 ℃, the temperature is quite high, the temperature of the rare earth materials after heating and oxidizing in the heating kiln 11 and air suction and cooling by the first induced draft fan 35 at the rear end is about 100-150 ℃, the temperature of the rare earth dust flue gas is about 400 ℃, and the rare earth dust flue gas is still too high and cannot be directly pumped into a storage bin for storage, so a series of cooling and collection are needed; firstly, the first water-cooling heat exchanger 31 is adopted to carry out primary cooling on a large amount of rare earth dust flue gas to reduce the flue gas temperature to about 200 ℃, the air-cooling heat exchanger 32 does not work under normal conditions, and when the first water-cooling heat exchanger 31 cannot reduce the flue gas temperature to about 200 ℃ due to faults or low heat exchange efficiency or overlarge load, the fan of the air-cooling heat exchanger 32 is controlled to work to carry out secondary cooling on the flue gas; the temperature of the rare earth dust flue gas passing through the air-cooled heat exchanger 32 is about 200 ℃, the temperature of the flue gas entering the cloth bag is required to be controlled to be 100-150 ℃ in consideration of dewing, temperature resistance and bearing capacity of the cloth bag, the flue gas can be condensed into water to block capillary holes of the cloth bag when the temperature is lower than 100 ℃, at the moment, the water in the flue gas comes from the moisture in the mixture of oil and water added into the rare earth waste material for facilitating the sufficient oxidation and combustion of the rare earth waste material in the heating kiln 11, the cloth bag can be burned out when the temperature is higher than 150 ℃, otherwise the cloth bag dust collector cannot bear the load in consideration of the fact that the flue gas amount with the rare earth dust is not too much, so that the rare earth dust in the flue gas is primarily collected by the cyclone dust collector 33 before entering the first cloth dust collector, and meanwhile, the rare earth dust flue gas is cooled to be 100-150 ℃ by the cyclone. In conclusion, the rare earth dust flue gas is firstly fed into a cyclone dust collector, namely a cyclone dust collector, for batch collection and cooling after air cooling and water cooling, the flue gas passing through the cyclone dust collector 33 reaches 100-150 ℃, and then the rare earth dust flue gas is finally recycled through the first bag type dust collector 34, so that the flue gas finally reaches the emission standard of environmental protection requirements and is discharged into the atmosphere, the whole system is skillfully connected and designed, each part has definite functions and is progressive layer by layer, and the fully-closed, stable and thorough material recycling process of the rare earth dust flue gas is effectively realized.

An open air inlet pipe 343 is further connected to the air inlet pipe of the first bag type dust collector 34 downward, and the other end of the open air inlet pipe 343 is connected to the outside atmosphere and is controlled by a bypass valve 344 to perform ventilation or not. And the flue gas temperature monitor is arranged on the wild wind inlet pipe 343, when the temperature of the gas entering the bag-type dust collector exceeds 150 ℃, the bypass valve 344 before the bag is fed is opened to feed the wild wind for cooling, so that the bag-type dust collector is effectively prevented from being burnt out due to overhigh gas temperature, and a layer of cooling guarantee is added.

The secondary heat exchange recovery unit comprises a second exhaust pipe 26, a second water-cooling heat exchanger 37, a second bag-type dust collector 38 and a second induced draft fan 39 which are connected in sequence, and the rear end of the second induced draft fan 39 is further connected with a pipeline for blowing out cooled flue gas from the exhaust chimney 36 through the pipeline; a fifth discharge hole is further formed in the bottom of the second water-cooled heat exchanger 37, a fifth dust sensor 371 and a fifth valve 372 are arranged at the fifth discharge hole, and the fifth discharge hole is connected with the material recovery pipeline; a sixth discharge hole is further formed in the bottom of the second bag type dust collector 38, a sixth dust sensor 381 and a sixth valve 382 are arranged at the sixth discharge hole, and the sixth discharge hole is connected with the material recovery pipeline.

Specifically, the raw materials is behind heating kiln 11, the temperature is still higher, can cause the influence to the equipment lubricating system of next crocus process, need cool down the material, and because the temperature in its kiln is higher in heating kiln 11, its tombarthite waste material temperature is one hundred more degrees in addition, normal cooling mode can't be cooled down to below 40 degrees with the tombarthite material after the calcination oxidation, so increased a cooling kiln 21 that is connected with heating kiln 11 level vertically and cooled down the material, cooling kiln 21 produces a large amount of raise dusts in rotatory in-process, the event admits air at the tail end of rotary kiln, the front end is second exhaust tube department air-out promptly, can cool down the material promptly, can make cooling kiln 21 form the vacuum again, guarantee the rate of recovery of product. At the moment, the temperature of the rare earth dust flue gas in the cooling kiln 21 is over one hundred degrees at the highest, so that the rear part of the second air extraction pipe can be directly connected with a second water-cooled heat exchanger 37 for cooling, meanwhile, as the dust flue gas is not high and the dust amount is much less than that in the heating kiln 11, the rear part of the second water-cooled heat exchanger 37 is directly connected with a second bag type dust collector 38 for directly collecting the rare earth dust, and as the water in the heating kiln 11 is completely changed into water vapor which is completely extracted by the first air extraction pipe, no water is contained in the rare earth dust flue gas in the cooling kiln 21, therefore, the second bag type dust collector 38 does not need to consider the problem of condensation caused by too low temperature, and can also select a bag type dust collector without high temperature resistance to further reduce the cost, the secondary heat exchange recovery unit is designed according to the actual condition of the cooling kiln 21, and the whole unit is reasonably designed, and the cost is also greatly reduced.

The second induced draft fan 39 has a large induced draft volume, which causes pressure on the subsequent dust removal system, so that the second induced draft fan 39 adopts frequency conversion control. Meanwhile, when the air cooling temperature reduction does not meet the process requirement, water spray is added above the cooling kiln 21 to carry out integral temperature reduction on the rotary kiln.

When any one of the first dust sensor 311 to the sixth dust sensor 381 detects dust, the corresponding valve ports are controlled to be opened to allow the dust to fall into the material recovery pipeline, after a certain time, all the valve ports are closed and the blower 43 is opened to pump the material into the finished product bin 100, and the top of the finished product bin 100 is provided with a bin top dust remover for preventing rare earth dust from flying out and allowing air to flow out.

Further, the exhaust branch pipe is provided with a first dust detector 351, and the exhaust branch pipe is provided with the first dust detector 351 on the exhaust chimney 36 between one end of the exhaust chimney 36 connected with the exhaust branch pipe and the first induced draft fan 35. When the first dust detector 351 detects dust, it can be effectively judged that the gas heat exchange part after the first dust detector has heated the kiln 11 is in trouble and stops working to perform timely maintenance on the gas heat exchange part, and when the second dust detector 391 detects dust, it can be effectively judged that the gas heat exchange part after the second dust detector has cooled the kiln 21 is in trouble and stops working to perform timely maintenance on the gas heat exchange part.

And metal expansion joints are arranged at the pipeline of the air outlet of the first water-cooling heat exchanger 31, the pipeline of the air inlet of the air-cooling heat exchanger 32, the pipeline of the air outlet of the air-cooling heat exchanger 32 and the pipeline of the air outlet of the rotary dust collector. The structure of the metal expansion joint can effectively ensure the stability of the connecting pipeline at the rear end of the first exhaust pipe 16 after the heating kiln 11, the cracking phenomenon is not easy to occur due to high temperature, and the rare earth dust at the rear end of the second exhaust pipe 26 after the cooling kiln 21 is low in temperature, so that the metal expansion joint is not needed.

The heat exchange pipes of the first water-cooled heat exchanger 31 and the second water-cooled heat exchanger 37 are uniformly and vertically distributed. The number of the heat exchange tubes is defined as s, the number of the s is 250-300, preferably, the number of the s is 280, and the arrangement of the number can ensure that the cooling effect is good, the distribution density of the pipelines is high, and the space is utilized to the maximum extent. The length of definition heat exchange tube is h, and wherein the scope of h is 80cm ~90cm, and is preferred, and the value of h is 85cm, adopts such length both to guarantee that cooling length is enough, and the power of also adaptation fan avoids making the cooling convulsions effect not good because pipe length overlength simultaneously. The diameter of the heat exchange tube is defined as d, wherein the range of d is 5.5 cm-6 cm, the proper diameter is set to adapt to the set number of the heat exchange tubes, and preferably, the range of d is 5.8 cm.

Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 11, in an embodiment, the dust collection system 40 includes a storage bin 41, a pulverizer 42, a blower 43 and a transfer bin 44, the storage bin 41 is used for storing the rare earth material cooled by the cooling kiln 21 and feeding the rare earth material to the pulverizer 42, and the pulverizer 42, the transfer bin 44 and the blower 43 sequentially form a circulation gas path through pipes; and a dust conveying pipeline is connected to the bottom of the transfer bin 44 and is used for conveying the ground rare earth dust to the finished product bin 100.

As a further improvement, the air outlet of the powder mill 42 is connected to the transfer bin 44 through a pipeline, the transfer bin 44 is connected to the blower 43 through a pipeline, and the blower 43 is connected to the air inlet of the powder mill 42 through a blower connecting pipe 431.

Adopt milling machine 42, transfer feed bin 44, the circulation gas circuit structure of air-blower 43 can effectively realize that the amount of wind control of the cooperation air-blower 43 through milling machine 42 will accord with the tombarthite dust granule of the requirement of particle size and bulge into transfer feed bin 44 in, lead air back air-blower 43 again simultaneously and do all can form a circulation gas circuit, the rethread dust pipeline carries the tombarthite dust to save in an solitary finished product feed bin 100, overall structure is stable, and tombarthite dust is retrieved effectually.

When the rare earth material with larger particles is swelled in the pulverizer 42, the rare earth material cannot pass through the screen on the pulverizer 42 due to unqualified particle size, and when similar conditions occur, the downward-pressing air volume can be adjusted by the current of the powder selector in the pulverizer 42, so that the unqualified powder is ground again.

As a further improvement, a third bag type dust collector 45 is further arranged between the transfer bin 44 and the finished product bin 100, the third bag type dust collector 45 is further communicated with the blowing connecting pipe 431 through a pipeline, and the bottom of the third bag type dust collector 45 is connected with the dust conveying pipeline which is used for conveying ground rare earth dust to the finished product bin 100.

Further, the pipeline is passed through at third bag collector 45 top with blast connecting pipe 431 top is linked together, and with the pipeline part of blast connecting pipe 431 top intercommunication is vertical form and is convenient for the less light tombarthite dust of granule to arrive third bag collector 45 easily under the effect of blowing, and the structure that adopts third bag collector 45 and blast connecting pipe 431 to be connected can effectively realize collecting in the less light tombarthite dust of granule bloies third bag collector 45 in the circulation gas circuit, avoids some to accord with in the follow-up tombarthite dust that draws the processing requirement gets into milling machine 42 once more.

One end of the dust conveying pipeline is provided with a blower 46 for blowing rare earth dust in the transfer bin 44 and the third bag type dust collector 45 into the finished product bin 100, the bottoms of the transfer bin 44 and the third bag type dust collector 45 are both provided with a dust sensor and a valve port, and when the dust sensor detects dust, the corresponding valve port is controlled to be opened and the materials are continuously fed through the blower 46.

Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment, the storage bin 41 may be used for storing the rare earth materials to be ground, so as to avoid that the collection system 40 may process the rare earth materials stored in the storage bin 41 for processing when the heating kiln 11 for heating the materials and the cooling kiln 21 for cooling the materials fail to process the rare earth materials, thereby maximizing the overall processing progress of the rare earth materials.

Further, the storage bin 41 is connected with the filter 29 at the front end, the rare earth waste materials before entering the filter 29 are waste materials after being sufficiently heated, oxidized and cooled, the filter 29 is used for filtering out large-scale impurity materials such as screws in the rare earth waste materials, and the normal rare earth waste materials after being heated, oxidized and cooled are conveyed to the storage bin 41 in a blowing or spiral feeding mode.

And bin top dust removers are arranged at the tops of the finished product bin 100 and the transfer bin 44 and used for preventing rare earth dust from flying out and allowing air to flow out.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment workshop is characterized by comprising a heating system (10), a cooling system (20), a heat exchange recovery system (30), a dust collection system (40), a feeding system (50) and an abrasive system (60); the grinding material system (60) comprises a primary grinding mechanism (63), a mixing bin (66), a fine grinding mechanism (67) and a settling bin (69) which are connected in sequence, and the grinding material system (60) is used for grinding large-particle rare earth waste materials and feeding the large-particle rare earth waste materials to the feeding system (50); the feeding system (50) is used for feeding materials to the heating system (10), the heating system (10) is used for conveying and heating oxidized rare earth waste materials, and the cooling system (20) is connected with the heating system (10) and used for conveying and cooling the heated and oxidized rare earth waste materials; the dust collection system (40) comprises a finished product bin (100), and the dust collection system (40) is connected to the rear end of the cooling system (20) and is used for grinding the cooled rare earth waste into rare earth dust and collecting the rare earth dust into the finished product bin (100); heat exchange recovery system (30) are respectively through heating system (10) end convulsions with cooling system (20) front end convulsions are in order to realize the cooling in grades to the tombarthite waste material to collect the tombarthite dust extremely through heat exchange with the cooling of high temperature tombarthite dust simultaneously finished product feed bin (100).

2. The large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant according to claim 1, wherein the grinding system (60) further comprises a first elevator (62), a transportation mechanism (64), a second elevator (65) and a first stirring barrel (68), the primary grinding mechanism (63) is a hammer crusher, and the fine grinding mechanism (67) is a ball mill; the first lifting machine (62), the initial grinding mechanism (63), the conveying mechanism (64), the second lifting machine (65), the mixing bin (66), the fine grinding mechanism (67), the first stirring barrel (68) and the settling bin (69) are connected in sequence, and a settling feeding pipeline (692) is arranged at the bottom of the settling bin (69) and is used for spirally feeding the feeding system.

3. The large particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant of claim 2, wherein: the first stirring barrel (68) pumps the liquid with the rare earth waste materials to the sedimentation bin (69) through an extraction pipe (681) for sedimentation, and a liquid recovery observation pipe (691) is arranged on the side wall of the sedimentation bin (69) close to the top and used for pumping the liquid back to the mixing bin (66).

4. The large particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant of claim 3, wherein: the extraction pipe (681) is further provided with a intercommunication the inside back flow (682) of first agitator (68), through adjusting the backward flow, realizes ball mill discharge amount with take out to the pan feeding volume in the storehouse of subsiding (69) equals.

5. The large particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the heating system (10) comprises a heating kiln (11), the cooling system (20) comprises a cooling kiln (21), a cooling water spray pipe (22) arranged above the cooling kiln (21), and a cooling water recovery part (23) arranged below the cooling kiln (21); the heating kiln (11) is communicated with the cooling kiln (21).

6. The large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant according to claim 5, characterized in that a blanking hopper (15) and a cooling rare earth feeding channel (24) are arranged between the heating kiln (11) and the cooling kiln (21), the blanking hopper (15) is arranged at the tail end of the heating kiln (11) and is used for receiving rare earth waste, the cooling rare earth feeding channel (24) is used for conveying the rare earth waste dropped from the blanking hopper (15) into the cooling kiln (21) for cooling, and a first exhaust pipe (16) is further arranged above the blanking hopper (15).

7. The large particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant according to claim 6, wherein the cooling system (20) further comprises a connection hood (25), the cooling kiln (21) extends into the connection hood (25) through the connection hood (25), the cooling rare earth feed channel (24) extends into the cooling kiln (21) through the connection hood (25), and a second exhaust pipe (26) is further arranged above the connection hood (25).

8. The large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment plant according to claim 7, characterized in that the heat exchange recovery system (30) comprises a primary heat exchange recovery unit and a secondary heat exchange recovery unit, wherein the primary heat exchange recovery unit is used for recovering rare earth dust in high-temperature flue gas in the heating kiln (11) and discharging the gas through an exhaust chimney (36); the secondary heat exchange recovery unit is used for recovering rare earth dust in high-temperature flue gas in the cooling kiln (21) and discharging the gas through the exhaust chimney (36).

9. The large-particle rare earth waste pretreatment workshop according to claim 7, wherein the dust collection system (40) comprises a storage bin (41), a pulverizer (42), a blower (43) and a transfer bin (44), the storage bin (41) is used for storing the rare earth materials cooled by the cooling kiln (21) and feeding the rare earth materials to the pulverizer (42), and the pulverizer (42), the transfer bin (44) and the blower (43) sequentially form a circulating gas path through pipelines; and the bottom of the transfer bin (44) is connected with a dust conveying pipeline for conveying ground rare earth dust to the finished product bin (100).

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