CN211278927U - Vacuum extruder - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses vacuum extruder belongs to the machine-building field. The vacuum extruder includes: the device comprises a first pugging chamber and an extrusion chamber which are arranged in a layered manner, wherein a connecting chamber is respectively connected with the first pugging chamber and the extrusion chamber, and a conveying screw shaft is arranged in the connecting chamber; and the vacuum mechanism is used for controlling the vacuum degrees of the first pugging chamber, the extrusion chamber and the connecting chamber. The vacuum extruder is provided with the vertical conveying screw shaft in the lower part of the first vacuum chamber before entering the transverse extrusion chamber, so that the defect of poor thick ribs caused by uneven mixing of muddy water when condensed water formed in the first vacuum chamber directly enters the extrusion chamber is avoided, and the qualification rate is high particularly when thin-wall and ultrathin-wall products are molded; the vacuum extruder has the advantages of high rotating speed, small resistance, easy pressurization and uniform and compact multi-stage pugging mixing.

Description

Vacuum extruder

Technical Field

The application relates to a vacuum extruder, and belongs to the field of mechanical manufacturing.

Background

The honeycomb ceramic carrier is used to remove carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrocarbons (HC) and fine Particulate Matter (PM) emitted from an internal combustion engine. With the gradual increase of the emission standard and the lower and lower emission limit values of the emission, the honeycomb ceramic carrier gradually develops towards a thin wall or even an ultrathin wall. For example, TWCs have evolved from 6 mils to 4 mils to 3 mils to 2 mils.

The preparation process of the honeycomb ceramic carrier comprises the working procedures of pugging and extruding and molding by an extruding mechanism. Because the walls used for the honeycomb structure are thin or even ultra-thin, the requirements on the uniformity, compactness and dry material strength of pug after pugging and extrusion are high. The honeycomb structure body prepared in the prior art has low qualification rate, and the prepared product is easy to have a plurality of defects; for example, when water and sludge are not mixed uniformly, a problem of poor rib formation of the honeycomb structure is likely to occur.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problems, the application provides a vacuum extruder, wherein a vertical conveying screw shaft is arranged in the lower part of a first vacuum chamber before entering a transverse extrusion chamber, so that the defect of thick ribs caused by uneven mixing of muddy water when condensed water formed in the first vacuum chamber enters the extrusion chamber is avoided, and the qualification rate is high particularly when thin-wall and ultrathin-wall products are molded; the vacuum extruder has the advantages of high rotating speed, small resistance and high efficiency; easy pressurization and even and compact mixing of multi-stage pugging.

The vacuum extruder is characterized by comprising:

the first pugging mechanism comprises a first pugging chamber and a first pugging spiral shaft arranged in the first pugging chamber;

the extruding mechanism comprises an extruding chamber and an extruding screw shaft arranged in the extruding chamber, and the first pugging chamber and the extruding chamber are arranged in a layered manner;

the connecting mechanism comprises a connecting chamber and a conveying spiral shaft arranged in the connecting chamber, and the connecting chamber is respectively connected with the first pugging chamber and the extrusion chamber;

and the vacuum mechanism is used for controlling the vacuum degrees of the first pugging chamber, the extrusion chamber and the connecting chamber. The first pugging chamber and the extrusion chamber are arranged in a layered mode, and the connecting chamber is arranged between the first pugging chamber and the extrusion chamber, so that the pugging resistance is small, and the production efficiency is high; the multistage pugging mechanism is arranged to uniformly mix pug; the vertical connecting chamber is arranged in the lower part of the first vacuum chamber before the condensed water enters the transverse extrusion chamber, so that the defect that thick ribs are formed due to uneven mixing of muddy water caused by the fact that the condensed water formed in the first vacuum chamber directly enters the extrusion chamber is avoided, and the qualified rate is high particularly when thin-wall and ultrathin-wall products are molded.

The first pugging spiral shaft plays roles in crushing, mixing, kneading and conveying pug; the conveying screw shaft at least has a conveying function on pug, and can also comprise crushing, mixing and kneading; the extrusion screw shaft comprises a conveying and extruding function for pug.

Further, first pugging room with the export of extruding the room intercommunication sets up first sieve, and the superficial area of the mud material of the export of first pugging room is increased, improves degasification effect.

Optionally, the first pugging chamber and the first pugging screw shaft are arranged horizontally, the connecting chamber and the conveying screw shaft are arranged vertically, the extruding chamber and the extruding screw shaft are arranged horizontally, and the first pugging chamber is arranged above the extruding chamber.

Optionally, the outlet of the first pugging chamber is connected with the inlet of the connecting chamber, and the outlet of the connecting chamber is connected with the inlet of the extruding chamber.

Optionally, the vacuum mechanism comprises a first vacuum chamber, and the first vacuum chamber is connected with the connecting chamber and the first pugging chamber respectively. Further, the first vacuum chamber and the connecting chamber are integrally formed or the first vacuum chamber and the first pugging chamber are integrally formed.

Optionally, the first pugging mechanism is arranged horizontally, the connecting mechanism is arranged vertically, and the extruding mechanism is arranged horizontally.

Optionally, the first pugging screw shaft is selected from at least one of a double continuous screw reamer shaft, a discontinuous screw reamer shaft and a continuous screw reamer shaft.

Optionally, the conveying screw shaft is selected from at least one of a double continuous screw reamer shaft, a discontinuous screw reamer shaft and a continuous screw reamer shaft.

Optionally, the extrusion screw shaft is a continuous screw arbor shaft.

Optionally, the length-diameter ratio of the first pugging spiral shaft is 2: 1-5: 1. Further, the length-diameter ratio of the first pugging spiral shaft is 3: 1-4: 1.

Optionally, the length-diameter ratio of the conveying screw shaft is 1.5: 1-3: 1. Furthermore, the length-diameter ratio of the conveying screw shaft is 1.5: 1-2.5: 1.

Optionally, the aspect ratio of the extrusion screw shaft is 5:1 to 15: 1. Further, the length-diameter ratio of the extrusion screw shaft is 7: 1-13: 1.

The first pugging spiral shaft, the conveying spiral shaft and the extrusion spiral shaft are matched in length-diameter ratio, so that pug can be uniformly and tightly mixed, the conveying resistance of the pug is small, the production efficiency is high, and the prepared product is smooth and good in quality.

Optionally, the first pugging screw shaft comprises a first main screw shaft and a first auxiliary continuous spiral reamer shaft; the first main screw shaft comprises a first mud inlet section, a first mixing section and a first mud outlet section; the first sludge feeding section is of a continuous spiral reamer shaft structure, and the first sludge feeding section is matched with the first pair of continuous spiral reamer shafts to stir sludge; the first mixing section is of a discontinuous spiral reamer shaft structure; the first sludge discharging section is of a continuous spiral reamer shaft structure. Fully crushing, mixing and kneading large-particle pug in the first mud feeding section; the discontinuous spiral reamer shaft structure of the mixing section further crushes and transports pug, the first pug discharging section outputs the pug to the first pugging chamber, and the structure setting mode of the first pug discharging section, the first mixing section and the first pug discharging section of the first main screw shaft enables the mud conveying resistance to be small, the pug to be mixed more uniformly, compact and finer, and the pugging effect is good.

Optionally, a plurality of first mud stirring rods are arranged on the inner side wall of the first pugging chamber corresponding to the first mixing section, and the first mud stirring rods are matched with the discontinuous spiral reamer shaft of the first mixing section. Furthermore, a first mud stirring rod is arranged between every two reamer blades of the discontinuous spiral reamer shaft. The cooperation of first mud stirring rod and non-continuous reamer axle mixes the pug more evenly, and the granularity is thinner to further the pressure boost makes the pug compacter.

Optionally, a feed inlet of the first pugging chamber is arranged at the top of a gap formed between the first pugging section and the first pair of continuous spiral reamer shafts. And the pug enters a first pugging chamber and directly enters a first pugging feeding section to form a gap with the first pair of continuous spiral reamer shafts for pugging.

Optionally, the screw pitch of the first mud feeding section of the first main screw shaft is greater than that of the first mixing section. The screw pitch of the screw shaft of the first mud feeding section is larger than that of the first mixing section, and the first mixing section can further pressurize and compact the mud, mix and stir the mud.

Optionally, the pitch of the continuous spiral reamer shaft of the first sludge discharge section is reduced along the conveying direction. The screw pitch of the first mud discharging section is reduced, so that the pressure can be increased, the mud is more compact, and the strength of the dried mud is enhanced.

Optionally, the structure of the conveying screw shaft is the same as the structure of the first pugging screw shaft, or the structure of the extrusion screw shaft.

Further, the structure of the conveying screw shaft is the same as that of the first pugging screw shaft.

Further, the conveying screw shaft comprises a second main screw shaft and a second auxiliary continuous screw reamer shaft; the second main screw shaft comprises a second mud inlet section, a second mixing section and a second mud outlet section; the second sludge feeding section is of a continuous spiral reamer shaft structure, and the second sludge feeding section is matched with the second auxiliary continuous spiral reamer shaft to stir sludge; the second mixing section is of a discontinuous spiral reamer shaft structure; the second sludge discharging section is of a continuous spiral reamer shaft structure.

Furthermore, a plurality of second mud stirring rods are arranged on the inner side wall of the connecting chamber corresponding to the second mixing section, and the second mud stirring rods are matched with the discontinuous spiral reamer shaft of the mixing section. Furthermore, a second mud stirring rod is arranged between every two reamer blades of the discontinuous spiral reamer shaft.

Further, the top of a gap formed between the second sludge feeding section and the second pair of continuous spiral reamer shafts is provided with a feed inlet of the connecting chamber.

Further, the screw pitch of a second mud feeding section of the second main screw shaft is larger than that of the second mixing section.

Further, the screw pitch of the continuous spiral reamer shaft of the second sludge discharge section is reduced along the conveying direction.

Optionally, at least one of the connecting chamber, the first pugging chamber and the extrusion chamber is provided with a temperature control structure.

Preferably, the temperature control structure is a water sleeve, and the water sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the connecting chamber. Preferably, the water sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the first pugging chamber. Preferably, the water sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the extrusion chamber. In the pug pugging and extruding processes, heat can be generated by friction between the screw shaft and pug, friction between pug and friction between pug and the chamber, and the temperature of pug is controlled and reduced by inputting cold water into the cold water jacket. For example, in the raw material system of the honeycomb ceramics, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as a binder is added, and the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is gelled at a temperature exceeding 35 ℃ to lose the binding property and fluidity, thereby causing the binder to lose its efficacy, so that the temperature control of the slurry is particularly important.

Optionally, the first pugging mechanism further comprises a first motor, a first speed reducer and a first coupling, the first motor is connected with the first speed reducer, and the first speed reducer is connected with the first pugging screw shaft through the first coupling;

the connecting mechanism further comprises a second motor, a second speed reducer and a second coupling, the second motor is connected with the second speed reducer, and the second speed reducer is connected with the conveying screw shaft through the second coupling; and

the extruding mechanism further comprises a third motor, a third speed reducer and a third coupler, wherein the third motor is connected with the third speed reducer, and the third speed reducer is connected with the extruding screw shaft through the third coupler.

Optionally, the vacuum extruder further comprises at least one second pugging mechanism;

the second pugging mechanism comprises a second pugging chamber and a second pugging spiral shaft arranged in the second pugging chamber;

the vacuum mechanism further comprises a second vacuum chamber, and the second pugging chamber is communicated with the first pugging chamber through the second vacuum chamber. The second vacuum chamber is arranged behind the second pugging chamber to degas the pug, so that the pug is more compact, and the defects of the prepared product are smaller.

Furthermore, set up the second sieve in the export of second pugging room, the superficial area of the mud material of increase second pugging room export improves degasification effect.

Optionally, the second pugging chamber and the first pugging chamber set up in layers, the second pugging chamber sets up the top of first pugging chamber, the second pugging chamber with first pugging chamber respectively with the real empty room of second is connected perpendicularly.

Optionally, the second pugging screw shaft is selected from at least one of a bicontinuous screw reamer shaft, a discontinuous screw reamer shaft and a continuous screw reamer shaft.

Preferably, the second pugging screw shaft has the same structure as the first pugging screw shaft.

Further, the second pugging spiral shaft comprises a third main spiral shaft and a third auxiliary continuous spiral reamer shaft; the third main screw shaft comprises a third sludge inlet section, a third mixing section and a third sludge outlet section; the third sludge feeding section is of a continuous spiral reamer shaft structure, and the third sludge feeding section is matched with the third pair of continuous spiral reamer shafts to stir sludge; the third mixing section is of a discontinuous spiral reamer shaft structure; and the third sludge discharging section is of a continuous spiral reamer shaft structure.

Furthermore, a plurality of third mud stirring rods are arranged on the inner side wall of the second pugging chamber corresponding to the third mixing section, and the third mud stirring rods are matched with the discontinuous spiral reamer shafts of the mixing section. Further, a third mud stirring rod is arranged between every two reamer blades of the discontinuous spiral reamer shaft.

Further, a feeding hole of the second pugging chamber is formed in the top of a gap formed between the third pugging section and the third pair of continuous spiral reamer shafts.

Further, the screw pitch of a third mud feeding section of the third main screw shaft is larger than that of the third mixing section.

Further, the screw pitch of the continuous spiral reamer shaft of the third sludge discharge section is reduced along the conveying direction.

Optionally, the vacuum extruder comprises: the second pugging mechanism, the first pugging mechanism and the extruding mechanism are arranged in a layered and staggered manner from top to bottom;

a discharge hole of the second pugging chamber is arranged corresponding to a feed hole of the first pugging chamber, and the discharge hole of the second pugging chamber is connected with the feed hole of the first pugging chamber through a second vacuum chamber;

the discharge gate of first pugging room with the feed inlet of extruding the room corresponds the setting, the discharge gate of first pugging room with the feed inlet of extruding the room passes through connect the room to connect, perhaps the discharge gate of first pugging room with the feed inlet of extruding the room passes through connect room and first real empty room to connect.

Optionally, the vacuum extruder further comprises a first vacuum pump connected to the first vacuum chamber and a second vacuum pump connected to the second vacuum chamber.

As an embodiment, the vacuum extruder comprises: from second pugging mechanism, first pugging mechanism and the extrusion mechanism of top to bottom floor setting, the tip opening of second pugging room with the lateral wall opening of second vacuum chamber is connected, the bottom opening of second vacuum chamber with the lateral wall opening of first pugging room is connected, the tip opening of first pugging room with the lateral wall opening of first vacuum chamber is connected, the bottom opening of first vacuum chamber with the open-top of connecting the room is connected, the bottom opening of connecting the room with the lateral wall opening of extruding the room is connected. The position arrangement relation of the second pugging mechanism, the first pugging mechanism, the connecting mechanism and the extruding mechanism can reduce the pugging resistance, improve the running speed of pug and avoid blockage; the pugging pressure is increased, the compactness of pugging is improved, and the pugging effect is improved; and water and mud in the pug are uniformly mixed, so that products with poor coarse ribs are not easy to appear, and the product qualification rate is high.

Benefits that can be produced by the present application include, but are not limited to:

1. the application provides a vacuum extruder, the rotational speed that has this vacuum extruder is fast, and the resistance is little, is difficult to block up, and production efficiency is high.

2. The application provides a vacuum extruder has easy pressure boost, improves the compactedness of pugging, improves the pugging effect, and multistage pugging misce bene, inseparable.

3. The application provides a vacuum extruder has and installs vertical conveying screw axis in the first vacuum chamber below before getting into horizontal extrusion chamber, has avoided the comdenstion water that forms in the first vacuum chamber to get into in the extrusion chamber and muddy water is mixed inhomogeneous and thick muscle that forms bad, especially when carrying out thin wall ultra-thin wall product shaping, the qualification rate is high.

4. The application provides a vacuum extruder, it has overcome vertical pugging screw rod and has only been applicable to the problem of intermittent type nature production, has it and contains horizontal pugging screw axis and vertical pugging screw rod simultaneously to can produce in succession.

5. The application provides a vacuum extruder, its performance that can high-efficient keep the raw materials mixed can not appear high temperature, oxidation deformation's problem, can mix the raw materials that can not resist high temperature and easy oxidation.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vacuum extruder to which embodiments of the present application relate;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a honeycomb structure having poor coarse ribs according to a comparative example of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a honeycomb structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a first pugging screw shaft according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a vacuum extruder according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly explain the overall concept of the present application, the following detailed description is given by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

So that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of the present application can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, however, the present application may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In addition, in the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The vacuum extruder at least comprises a first pugging mechanism, an extruding mechanism and a connecting mechanism which are arranged in a grading manner, and the purpose of the vacuum extruder can be achieved. Preferably, the vacuum extruder is further provided with a second pugging mechanism, but the vacuum extruder is not limited to the first pugging mechanism and the second pugging mechanism, and the vacuum extruder further comprises a plurality of pugging mechanisms, and the structural arrangement mode of the plurality of pugging mechanisms can be the same as that of the first pugging mechanism or the second pugging mechanism; the position arrangement mode of a plurality of pugging mechanisms can be arranged in a relative position relation with the first pugging mechanism and the second pugging mechanism, but the arrangement mode of the plurality of pugging mechanisms is not limited to the mode.

The vacuum extrusion mechanism is suitable for mixing and extruding various plastic raw materials such as pug, plastics and the like, wherein the pug can be used for preparing ceramics, but is not limited to the raw materials. The thinner the wall of the product prepared by the vacuum extrusion mechanism is, the higher the requirements on the uniformity and compactness of the pug are, and the production efficiency, the energy consumption and the like need to be considered at the same time. The following vacuum extrusion mechanism is described by taking the production of a honeycomb structure in an automobile exhaust filter as an example, but is not limited to the production of the same.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the vacuum extruder includes: the first pugging mechanism 100 comprises a first pugging chamber 120 and a first pugging screw shaft 140 arranged in the first pugging chamber 120; the extrusion mechanism 300 comprises an extrusion chamber 320 and an extrusion screw shaft 340 arranged in the extrusion chamber 320, and the first pugging chamber 120 and the extrusion chamber 320 are arranged in a layered manner; the connecting mechanism 200 comprises a connecting chamber 220 and a conveying screw shaft 240 arranged in the connecting chamber 220, the connecting chamber 220 is respectively connected with the first pugging chamber 120 and the extrusion chamber 320, and the conveying screw shaft 240 can convey pug entering and being conveyed from the outlet of the first pugging chamber 120 to the extrusion chamber 320; the vacuum mechanism 400 is used for controlling the vacuum degree of the first pugging chamber 120, the extrusion chamber 320 and the connecting chamber 220.

The connecting chamber 220 in the prior art is not provided with the conveying screw shaft 240, pug in the first pugging chamber 120 directly falls into the extrusion chamber 320, and because the vacuum system is in the vacuum extruder, the extrusion chamber 320 drops like the extrusion chamber 320 after condensing condensed water, thereby causing uneven mixing of mud and water and causing the poor coarse rib of the thin wall of the product, and the conveying screw shaft 240 is arranged in the extrusion chamber 320 in the application, the condensed water can not be formed before entering the extrusion chamber 320, and further, even if trace amount of condensed water can be generated, because the conveying screw shaft 240 has the further mixing effect, the mud and water can be further mixed and refined to avoid the poor phenomenon of the coarse rib. FIG. 2 shows a honeycomb structure produced without the screw shaft 240, in which the area A is a coarse rib defective area; fig. 3 is a view showing a honeycomb structure product obtained by the vacuum extruder of fig. 1 in example 1, which shows no poor rib formation and is excellent in product quality.

The vacuum mechanism 400 controls at least the connection chamber 220 to be in a vacuum state, and preferably, the vacuum extruder is in a vacuum state throughout the process from the feeding of the pug to the discharging of the pug in order to prevent the oxidation of a part of the material in the pug and to remove air in the pug. The vacuum mechanism 400 includes a vacuum pump that controls the chamber to be in a vacuum state by communicating with the chamber, for example, the vacuum pump communicates with the connection chamber 220, and controls the connection chamber 220 to be in a vacuum state.

Preferably, in order to improve the pugging efficiency and reduce the volume of the vacuum extruder, the first pugging chamber 120 and the first pugging screw shaft 140 are approximately coaxial; the extrusion chamber 320 and the extrusion screw shaft 340 are substantially coaxial; the connecting chamber 220 and the feed screw shaft 240 are substantially coaxial.

Further, the first pugging screw shaft 140 and the extrusion screw shaft 340 are arranged in layers. Further, the first pugging screw shaft 140, the conveying screw shaft 240 and the extruding screw shaft 340 are connected end to end at intervals.

In order to increase the pressure of the pugging and reduce the resistance in the pugging process, the first pugging chamber 120 and the extrusion chamber 320 are arranged in layers, and the axis of the first pugging chamber 120 and the axis of the extrusion chamber 320 can be parallel or not parallel, and is preferably parallel. Further, in a layered arrangement mode, the first pugging chamber 120 is preferably arranged at the top of the extrusion chamber 320 in a staggered manner; more preferably, the outlet of the first pugging chamber 120 is arranged on top of the inlet of the extrusion chamber 320, and the gravity action of the pug entering the extrusion chamber 320 is beneficial to saving driving force.

In order to further increase the pressure of pugging and reduce the resistance of pug conveying, a first pugging chamber 120 and a first pugging screw shaft 140 are arranged horizontally, a connecting chamber 220 and a conveying screw shaft 240 are arranged vertically, an extrusion chamber 320 and an extrusion screw shaft 340 are arranged horizontally, and the first pugging chamber 120 is arranged above the extrusion chamber 320.

The outlet of the first pugging chamber 120 is connected with the inlet of the connecting chamber 220, and the outlet of the connecting chamber 220 is connected with the inlet of the extruding chamber 320.

The vacuum mechanism 400 comprises a separate vacuum chamber or no vacuum chamber, and the vacuum pump is directly connected with the first pugging chamber 120, the extrusion chamber 320 and/or the connection chamber 220. Preferably, the vacuum mechanism 400 comprises a first vacuum chamber 420 and a first vacuum pump, the first vacuum chamber 420 is respectively connected with the connecting chamber 220 and the first pugging chamber 120, and the first vacuum chamber 420 is vacuumized by the first vacuum pump, so that the vacuum degree in the whole vacuum extruder can be maintained.

The first pugging mechanism 100 further comprises a first motor 160, a first speed reducer 180 and a first coupler 190, wherein an output shaft of the first motor 160 is connected with the first speed reducer 180, and the first speed reducer 180 is connected with the first pugging spiral shaft 140 through the first coupler 190. Preferably, the arrangement position relationship of the first motor 160, the first reducer 180, and the first coupling 190 may be set arbitrarily. In order to reduce the volume, facilitate the processing and reduce the pugging resistance, the input shaft of the first speed reducer 180 is preferably arranged in parallel with the output shaft thereof, the first coupling 190 and the first pugging spiral shaft 140 are coaxially arranged, and the first pugging mechanism 100 is transversely arranged.

The first pugging screw shaft 140 is at least used for mixing, stirring and conveying pug, and preferably also used for pressurizing pug. For example, the first pugging screw shaft 140 is selected from at least one of a double continuous helical reamer shaft, a discontinuous helical reamer shaft and a continuous helical reamer shaft.

In order to enhance the pugging effect, the length-diameter ratio of the first pugging spiral shaft 140 is 2: 1-5: 1.

The connecting mechanism 200 further includes a second motor 260, a second speed reducer 280, and a second coupling 290, wherein the second motor 260 is connected to the second speed reducer 280, and the second speed reducer 280 is connected to the screw conveyor shaft 240 through the second coupling 290. Preferably, the second motor 260, the second reducer 280, the second coupling 290, and the screw shaft 240 may be arranged in any position. In order to reduce the volume, facilitate the processing and reduce the pugging resistance, it is preferable that the input shaft and the output shaft of the second speed reducer 280 are not coaxially arranged in parallel, the second coupling 290 and the screw conveying shaft 240 are coaxially arranged, and the connecting mechanism 200 is partially vertically arranged. In an embodiment not shown, the second motor 260, the second speed reducer 280, the second coupling 290, and the conveying screw shaft 240 are coaxially disposed, and the coupling mechanism 200 is vertically disposed.

The screw conveying shaft 240 is constructed to at least convey the sludge, and preferably also to mix, stir and pressurize the sludge. The conveying screw shaft 240 is selected from at least one of a double continuous screw reamer shaft, a discontinuous screw reamer shaft and a continuous screw reamer shaft.

In order to enhance the pugging effect, the length-diameter ratio of the conveying screw shaft 240 is 1.5: 1-3: 1.

The extruding mechanism 300 further comprises a third motor 360, a third speed reducer 380 and a third coupling 390, wherein the third motor 360 is connected with the third speed reducer 380, and the third speed reducer 380 is connected with the extruding screw shaft 340 through the third coupling 390. Preferably, the arrangement positional relationship of the third motor 360, the third speed reducer 380, the third coupling 390, and the extrusion screw shaft 340 may be arbitrarily set. In order to reduce the volume, facilitate the processing and reduce the pugging resistance, the input shaft and the output shaft of the third speed reducer 380 are preferably arranged in parallel, the third coupling 390 and the extrusion screw shaft 340 are coaxially arranged, and the extrusion mechanism 300 is horizontally arranged.

The screw conveying shaft 240 is constructed to at least convey the sludge and preferably also to pressurize the sludge. For example, extrusion screw shaft 340 is a continuous screw arbor shaft.

In order to enhance the pugging effect, the length-diameter ratio of the extrusion screw shaft 340 is 5: 1-15: 1.

Example 2

Different from the embodiment 1 in the structure of the first pugging screw shaft 140, the structure of the first pugging screw shaft 140 of the embodiment has the advantages of good pug pressurization effect, more uniform pug mixing, finer granularity of the pug mixing, better quality of the pug after mixing and higher efficiency.

Referring to fig. 4, the first pugging screw shaft 140 comprises a first main screw shaft and a first secondary continuous helical reamer shaft 148; the first main screw shaft comprises a first mud inlet section 142, a first mixing section 144 and a first mud outlet section 146; the first sludge feeding section 142 is of a continuous spiral reamer shaft structure, and the first sludge feeding section 142 is matched with a first pair of continuous spiral reamer shafts 148 to stir sludge; the first mixing section 144 is of a discontinuous helical reamer shaft structure; the first sludge discharge section 146 is of a continuous spiral reamer shaft structure.

In order to further increase the pug mixing resistance, improve the mixing shearing force and reduce the fineness of the pug, a plurality of first pug stirring rods 1442 are arranged on the inner side wall of the first pugging chamber 120 corresponding to the first mixing section 144, and the first pug stirring rods 1442 are matched with the discontinuous spiral reamer shaft of the first mixing section 144. Preferably, a first stirring rod 1442 is arranged between each adjacent discontinuous spiral reamer 1444.

In order to provide mixing and stirring effects and reduce the conveying resistance of pug, a feeding hole of the first pugging chamber 120 is arranged at the top of a gap formed by the first pugging feeding section 142 and the first pair of continuous spiral reamer shafts 148. Preferably, the width of the first pug feeding section 142 of the first pugging chamber 120 is larger than that of the first mixing section 144, so that the pressure of pug is increased, the compactness of pugging is improved, and the strength of the dry pug is enhanced.

In order to enhance the pressure in the pugging process and improve the pugging density, the screw pitch of the first mud feeding section 142 of the first main screw shaft is larger than that of the first mixing section 144. The pitch of the continuous helical reamer shaft of the first sludge discharge section 146 decreases in the conveying direction.

Example 3

The difference from the embodiment 2 lies in the structure of the screw conveying shaft 240, and the structure of the screw conveying shaft 240 is the same as that of the first pugging screw shaft 140, referring to fig. 4. The screw conveying shaft 240 further has a kneading effect on the pug, and prevents the problem that the condensed water in the vacuum chamber directly enters the extrusion chamber 320 to form poor wall parts of extremely thin-walled products.

Example 4

The difference from example 3 lies in the structure of the conveying screw shaft 240, and the structure of the conveying screw shaft 240 is the same as that of the extrusion screw shaft 340, refer to 340 in fig. 1. The structure of the conveying screw shaft 240 is a discontinuous screw reamer shaft which plays a role in transporting pug.

Example 5

The difference from the embodiment 3 or 4 is that the vacuum extruder further comprises a temperature control structure.

During the pug mixing process, heat can be generated due to the pug itself or the friction between the pug and the inner wall of a chamber, so that the temperature of the pug rises, but part of components in the pug lose activity at high temperature, for example, in a raw material system of honeycomb ceramics, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose serving as a binder is added, the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose with the temperature of over 35 ℃ is gelatinized, the cohesiveness and the fluidity are lost, and the binder is failed, so that the temperature control of the pug is particularly important.

The vacuum extruder also comprises a temperature control structure. The temperature control mechanism is used for controlling the temperature of a chamber through which pug passes in the vacuum extruder, and the chamber comprises at least one of the connecting chamber 220, the first pugging chamber 120 and the extruding chamber 320, but is not limited to the above-mentioned chamber.

Referring to fig. 4, further, the temperature control structure is a water jacket 500. Preferably, a water jacket 500 is provided around the outside of the first pugging chamber. A water jacket 500 is disposed around the outside of the connection chamber 220.

Example 6

The difference from the embodiment 5 is that the vacuum extruder further comprises at least one second pugging mechanism 600. The second pugging mechanism 600 is arranged to realize three-stage pugging of the vacuum extruder, and continuous pugging is carried out, the pressure of the pugging can be transmitted to the extrusion screw shaft 340, and the pressure is increased by more than 2 Mpa; the mud is fully kneaded by the three-stage pugging, so that the mud is more uniform; the condensation after the water vapor precooling generated by vacuumizing is fully stirred with pug under the full stirring of the vertical conveying screw shaft 240, so that the phenomenon of local non-uniform moisture is eliminated, and the qualified extrusion molding is obviously improved.

Referring to fig. 5, a second pugging mechanism 600 is arranged above the first pugging mechanism 100. The second pugging mechanism 600 comprises a second pugging chamber 620 and a second pugging screw shaft 640 fixed in the second pugging chamber 620. The vacuum mechanism 400 further includes a second vacuum chamber 610 and a second vacuum pump connected to the second vacuum chamber 610. Second pugging room 620 room and first pugging 120 layered setting, second pugging room 620 sets up in the top of first pugging room 120, and second pugging room 620 and first pugging room 120 are connected with second vacuum chamber 610 perpendicularly respectively.

The second pugging chamber 620 is communicated with the first pugging chamber 120 through a second vacuum chamber 610. The second vacuum chamber 610 is arranged behind the second pugging chamber 620 to degas the pug, so that the pug is more compact, and the defects of the prepared product are smaller. Further, set up the second sieve at the export of second pugging room 620, the superficial area of the mud of increase second pugging room export improves degasification effect.

The second pugging mechanism 600 further comprises a second motor 660, a second speed reducer 680 and a second coupling 690, an output shaft of the second motor 660 is connected with the second speed reducer 680, and the second speed reducer 680 is connected with the second pugging spiral shaft 640 through the second coupling 690. Preferably, the arrangement positional relationship of the second motor 660, the second reducer 680, and the second coupling 690 may be arbitrarily set. In order to reduce the volume, facilitate the processing and reduce the pugging resistance, the input shaft of the second speed reducer 680 is preferably arranged in parallel with the output shaft thereof, the second coupling 690 and the second pugging screw shaft 640 are arranged coaxially, and the second pugging mechanism 600 is arranged horizontally.

The second pugging screw shaft 640 and the first pugging screw shaft 140 can have the same or different structures. For example, the second pugging screw shaft 640 is selected from at least one of a double continuous helical reamer shaft, a discontinuous helical reamer shaft and a continuous helical reamer shaft.

As an embodiment, the second pugging screw shaft 640 is a discontinuous screw reamer shaft.

As a preferred embodiment, the second pugging screw shaft 640 has the same structure as the first pugging screw shaft, see fig. 4. The second pugging screw shaft 640 comprises a third main screw shaft and a third auxiliary continuous screw reamer shaft; the third main screw shaft comprises a third sludge inlet section, a third mixing section and a third sludge outlet section; the third sludge feeding section is of a continuous spiral reamer shaft structure, and the third sludge feeding section is matched with a third pair of continuous spiral reamer shafts to stir sludge; the third mixing section is of a discontinuous spiral reamer shaft structure; the third sludge discharging section is of a continuous spiral reamer shaft structure.

Furthermore, a plurality of third mud stirring rods are arranged on the inner side wall of the second pugging chamber 620 corresponding to the third mixing section, and the third mud stirring rods are matched with the discontinuous spiral reamer shafts of the mixing section. Furthermore, a third mud stirring rod is arranged between every two reamer blades of the discontinuous spiral reamer shaft.

Further, a feed hopper 630 with a feed inlet of the second pugging chamber 620 is arranged at the top of a gap formed by the third pugging feeding section and the third pair of continuous spiral reamer shafts.

Further, the screw pitch of the third mud feeding section of the third main screw shaft is larger than that of the third mixing section. Further, the screw pitch of the continuous spiral reamer shaft of the third sludge discharge section is reduced along the conveying direction.

Specifically, as an embodiment, the vacuum extruder includes: the second pugging mechanism 600, the first pugging mechanism 100 and the extruding mechanism 300 are arranged in a layered staggered manner from top to bottom; a discharge hole of the second pugging chamber 620 is arranged corresponding to a feed hole of the first pugging chamber 120, and a discharge hole of the second pugging chamber 620 is connected with the feed hole of the first pugging chamber 120 through a second vacuum chamber 610; the discharge hole of the first pugging chamber 120 is arranged corresponding to the feed hole of the extrusion chamber 320, the discharge hole of the first pugging chamber 120 is connected with the feed hole of the extrusion chamber 320 through the connecting chamber 220, or the discharge hole of the first pugging chamber 120 is connected with the feed hole of the extrusion chamber 320 through the connecting chamber 220 and the first vacuum chamber 420. The position arrangement relationship of the second pugging mechanism 600, the first pugging mechanism 100, the connecting mechanism 200 and the extruding mechanism 300 can reduce the pugging resistance, improve the running speed of pug and avoid blockage; the pugging pressure is increased, the compactness of pugging is improved, and the pugging effect is improved; and water and mud in the pug are uniformly mixed, so that products with poor coarse ribs are not easy to appear, and the product qualification rate is high.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.

The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (13)

1. A vacuum extruder, comprising:

the first pugging mechanism comprises a first pugging chamber and a first pugging spiral shaft arranged in the first pugging chamber;

the extruding mechanism comprises an extruding chamber and an extruding screw shaft arranged in the extruding chamber, and the first pugging chamber and the extruding chamber are arranged in a layered manner;

the connecting mechanism comprises a connecting chamber and a conveying spiral shaft arranged in the connecting chamber, and the connecting chamber is respectively connected with the first pugging chamber and the extrusion chamber;

and the vacuum mechanism comprises a vacuum pump and is used for controlling the vacuum degrees of the first pugging chamber, the extrusion chamber and the connecting chamber.

2. The vacuum extruder according to claim 1, wherein the first pugging chamber and the first pugging screw shaft are arranged horizontally, the connecting chamber and the conveying screw shaft are arranged vertically, the extruding chamber and the extruding screw shaft are arranged horizontally, and the first pugging chamber is arranged above the extruding chamber;

the outlet of the first pugging chamber is connected with the inlet of the connecting chamber, and the outlet of the connecting chamber is connected with the inlet of the extruding chamber.

3. The vacuum extruder according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum mechanism comprises a first vacuum chamber connected with the connecting chamber and the first pugging chamber respectively; and/or

The first pugging mechanism is arranged horizontally, the connecting mechanism is arranged vertically, and the extruding mechanism is arranged horizontally.

4. The vacuum extruder according to claim 1,

the first pugging spiral shaft is selected from at least one of a double-continuous spiral reamer shaft, a discontinuous spiral reamer shaft and a continuous spiral reamer shaft;

the conveying spiral shaft is selected from at least one of a double-continuous spiral reamer shaft, a discontinuous spiral reamer shaft and a continuous spiral reamer shaft; and

the extrusion screw shaft is a continuous screw reamer shaft.

5. The vacuum extruder according to claim 1, wherein the length-to-diameter ratio of the first pugging screw shaft is 2:1 to 5:1, the length-to-diameter ratio of the conveying screw shaft is 1.5:1 to 3:1, and the length-to-diameter ratio of the extrusion screw shaft is 5:1 to 15: 1.

6. The vacuum extruder of claim 1, wherein the first pugging screw shaft comprises a first main screw shaft and a first secondary continuous screw auger shaft;

the first main screw shaft comprises a first mud inlet section, a first mixing section and a first mud outlet section;

the first sludge feeding section is of a continuous spiral reamer shaft structure, and the first sludge feeding section is matched with the first pair of continuous spiral reamer shafts to stir sludge;

the first mixing section is of a discontinuous spiral reamer shaft structure;

the first sludge discharging section is of a continuous spiral reamer shaft structure.

7. The vacuum extruder according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of first pug stirring rods are arranged on the inner side wall of the first pug refining chamber corresponding to the first mixing section, and the first pug stirring rods are matched with the discontinuous spiral reamer shaft of the first mixing section; and/or

The top of the gap formed by the first mud feeding section and the first pair of continuous spiral reamer shafts is provided with a feeding hole of the first pugging chamber.

8. The vacuum extruder as claimed in claim 6, wherein the pitch of the first sludge feeding section of the first main screw shaft is greater than the pitch of the first mixing section; and/or

The screw pitch of the continuous spiral reamer shaft of the first sludge discharging section is reduced along the conveying direction.

9. Vacuum extruder according to claim 1, wherein the structure of the conveyor screw shaft is identical to the structure of the first pugging screw shaft.

10. The vacuum extruder according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the connecting chamber, the first pugging chamber and the extrusion chamber is provided with a temperature control structure;

preferably, the temperature control structure is a water sleeve, and the water sleeve is respectively sleeved on the peripheries of the connecting chamber, the first pugging chamber and the extrusion chamber.

11. The vacuum extruder according to claim 1,

the first pugging mechanism further comprises a first motor, a first speed reducer and a first coupler, wherein the first motor is connected with the first speed reducer, and the first speed reducer is connected with the first pugging spiral shaft through the first coupler;

the connecting mechanism further comprises a second motor, a second speed reducer and a second coupling, the second motor is connected with the second speed reducer, and the second speed reducer is connected with the conveying screw shaft through the second coupling; and

the extruding mechanism further comprises a third motor, a third speed reducer and a third coupler, wherein the third motor is connected with the third speed reducer, and the third speed reducer is connected with the extruding screw shaft through the third coupler.

12. The vacuum extruder according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising at least one second pugging mechanism;

the second pugging mechanism comprises a second pugging chamber and a second pugging spiral shaft arranged in the second pugging chamber;

the vacuum mechanism further comprises a second vacuum chamber, and the second pugging chamber is communicated with the first pugging chamber through the second vacuum chamber.

13. The vacuum extruder according to claim 12, wherein the second pugging chamber is layered with the first pugging chamber, the second pugging chamber is arranged above the first pugging chamber, and the second pugging chamber and the first pugging chamber are respectively vertically connected with the second vacuum chamber.

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