CN211263083U

CN211263083U - Underwater sludge property in-situ tester

Info

Publication number: CN211263083U
Application number: CN201922334253.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李增军; 潘伟; 刘文彬; 黄泰; 曹永华; 杜闯
Original assignee: CCCC First Harbor Engineering Co Ltd; Tianjin Port Engineering Institute Ltd of CCCC Frst Harbor Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: CCCC First Harbor Engineering Co Ltd; Tianjin Port Engineering Institute Ltd of CCCC Frst Harbor Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-23
Filing date: 2019-12-23
Publication date: 2020-08-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses an in-situ tester for underwater sludge properties, which comprises a hanging frame, a testing mechanism and a first lifting device; the first lifting device is suspended below the hanging frame through a first flexible restraint piece, and the testing mechanism is arranged below the first lifting device; the testing mechanism comprises a testing bin in driving connection with the first lifting device, a testing unit and a soft air bag communicated with the testing bin; the test bin is provided with a lower opening, the test unit comprises a sampling cylinder, a second lifting device, a first distance measuring device and a timing device, wherein the sampling cylinder penetrates out of the test bin from the lower opening; the driving end of the second lifting device is connected with a sampling cylinder body through a second connecting piece, the sampling cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a suction piston, a piston driving assembly and a heavy ring sleeved at the lower end part of the cylinder body, and the cylinder body is suspended below the second lifting device through the second connecting piece. The tester can directly carry out in-situ test on the sludge property underwater to obtain the sludge property data in the original state.

Description

Underwater sludge property in-situ tester

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of testing arrangement under water, in particular to silt nature normal position tester under water.

Background

The back-silting of underwater bedbeds of hydraulic engineering and other underwater buildings is a very common phenomenon, and the back-silting thickness often influences the construction precision of an upper structure, so that quality problems occur. For example, the construction of a submarine tunnel across a sea channel requires that the tunnel be prefabricated and molded in sections and then transported to a designated position on water for installation. After the leveling construction of the immersed tube tunnel foundation bed is completed and before the immersed tube is installed, silt deposition can occur on the foundation bed, and for detecting the nature of the deposited silt, targeted measures are taken to eliminate related influences, so that the installation quality of the immersed tube is ensured, a silt sample is generally required to be collected for sampling test, and related information is analyzed.

However, the sludge is in a solid-liquid mixed state, different from a conventional fluid form, the sludge property testing by using the conventional fluid property testing device and the testing method is inconvenient, and the measured conventional fluid property parameters and engineering indexes do not establish clear relevance, so the conventional fluid property parameters cannot be directly used as the engineering indexes of underwater construction. Meanwhile, the properties of the collected sludge sample and the properties of the in-situ sludge cannot be kept consistent due to inevitable disturbance in the sample collection process, and the obtained data have certain deviation.

Disclosure of Invention

Not enough to prior art, the to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide silt nature normal position tester under water, this tester can be under water directly carry out the normal position test to the silt nature, acquires initial condition silt nature data, avoids the sampling process to the influence of test result, and test method is simple easily operates, and can ensure the accuracy of data.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be:

an in-situ tester for the nature of underwater sludge comprises a hanging frame, a testing mechanism and a first lifting device for controlling the testing mechanism to vertically lift;

the hanging frame comprises an installation part and a plurality of support rods, the installation part is used for hanging the first lifting device, the upper ends of the support rods are fixedly connected with the installation part, the lower ends of the support rods can be inserted into sludge, at least three support rods are arranged, the first lifting device is hung below the installation part through a first flexible restraining part, and the testing mechanism is arranged below the first lifting device;

the testing mechanism comprises a testing bin in driving connection with the first lifting device, a testing unit and a soft air bag for adjusting air pressure in the testing bin, the soft air bag stores air and is arranged outside the testing bin, and the soft air bag is communicated with the testing bin; the lower surface of the test bin is provided with a lower opening, the test unit comprises a sampling cylinder, a second lifting device, a first distance measuring device and a timing device, wherein the sampling cylinder penetrates out of the test bin from the lower opening, the second lifting device is used for controlling the sampling cylinder to vertically lift, the first distance measuring device is used for measuring the vertical distance between the sampling cylinder and the test bin, and the timing device, the first distance measuring device and the second lifting device are fixedly arranged in the test bin; the sampling cylinder comprises a vertically arranged cylinder body, a suction piston assembled in the cylinder body, a piston driving assembly for controlling the position of the suction piston in the cylinder body, and a heavy ring sleeved and fixed at the lower end part of the cylinder body;

the driving end of the second lifting device is connected with the cylinder through a second connecting piece, the second connecting piece is a second flexible restraining piece or a sliding matching piece, the sliding matching piece comprises a vertical guide rail and a sliding block in sliding fit with the vertical guide rail, and the vertical guide rail and the sliding block are respectively and fixedly connected with the cylinder and the driving end of the second lifting device; the barrel is suspended below the second lifting device through the second connecting piece, and a sampling port is formed in the lower end face of the barrel.

Preferably, each of the first flexible restraint member and the second flexible restraint member may be a rope, a wire rope, a chain, a belt, or a link having both ends connected to another member via a universal joint.

Preferably, the test unit further comprises a probe cage for detecting a sand setting layer, the upper surface and the lower surface of the probe cage are both open, the probe cage comprises a cage body sleeved outside the barrel and a second distance measuring device for testing the elevation of the bottom end of the cage body and the elevation of the bottom end of the hanger, the cage body and the barrel are coaxially arranged, the cage body is arranged in the lower opening in a penetrating manner, the lower part of the cage body is provided with a plurality of probes capable of penetrating the sand setting layer which is not completely compacted and hardened, the plurality of probes are arranged along the circumferential direction of the cage body, and the probes are vertically arranged; the cage is characterized in that a first limiting part is arranged on the inner wall of the cage body, a second limiting part abutted against the first limiting part is arranged on the outer wall of the cage body, and the first limiting part is arranged above the second limiting part.

Preferably, the first limiting member is a retaining ring coaxially disposed with the cage or a plurality of stoppers uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the horizontal cross section of the inner wall of the cage, and the second limiting member is a retaining ring coaxially disposed with the cylinder or a plurality of stoppers uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the horizontal cross section of the outer wall of the cylinder.

Preferably, the probe is arranged outside the test bin, the outer wall of the cage body is provided with a third limiting piece for preventing the cage body from separating from the test bin and a fourth limiting piece for preventing the probe from entering the test bin, the third limiting piece is arranged at the upper part of the outer wall of the cage body and can be abutted against the upper surface of the lower opening, the fourth limiting piece is arranged below the third limiting piece, the fourth limiting piece is arranged close to the upper end part of the probe, and the fourth limiting piece is arranged outside the lower opening and can be abutted against the lower surface of the lower opening; the inner wall of the cage body is provided with a fifth limiting part for preventing the heavy ring from entering the test bin, the fifth limiting part and the fourth limiting part are arranged at the same height or are arranged below the fourth limiting part, and the fifth limiting part is arranged above the heavy ring and can be abutted against the upper surface of the heavy ring.

Preferably, the third limiting member, the fourth limiting member and the fifth limiting member are all set as a retaining ring coaxially arranged with the cage body or a plurality of retaining blocks uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the horizontal cross section of the outer wall of the cage body.

Preferably, the heavy ring is a hollow spherical ring, transparent walls are arranged on both the inner annular wall of the hollow spherical ring and the wall of the cylinder attached to the inner annular wall, and an optical analysis device capable of inspecting the composition of sludge particles in the cylinder through the transparent walls is arranged in the heavy ring.

Preferably, the optical analysis device may be a laser particle size analyzer.

Preferably, the installation department of stores pylon is including connecting the first hoisting point of first flexible about piece upper end, and with the shape of falling V connecting rod that the bracing piece one-to-one set up, the one end fixed connection of the shape of falling V connecting rod first hoisting point upper end, other end fixed connection the bracing piece upper end, it is a plurality of the shape of falling V connecting rod equipartition in around the first hoisting point, the bracing piece is vertical to be set up, the shape of falling V connecting rod and the bracing piece of being connected with it locate same vertical plane, first elevating gear top surface is equipped with the connection the second hoisting point of first flexible about piece lower extreme, the second hoisting point is located on the vertical straight line at first elevating gear focus place.

Preferably, the first lifting device 2 comprises a waterproof hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder controller, a hydraulic cylinder rod of the waterproof hydraulic cylinder is vertically arranged downwards, the second lifting point is arranged on the top surface of a cylinder body of the waterproof hydraulic cylinder, a hook is arranged in the center of the top surface of the test bin, a hook ring matched with the hook is arranged at a rod head of the hydraulic cylinder rod, and the hook is hung on the hook ring; the second lifting device comprises a plurality of winches and a winch controller for controlling the winches to synchronously unwind ropes, the winches are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the barrel, the winch body is installed on the upper surface of the inner wall of the test chamber, the second flexible constraint piece is set as the traction rope of the winches, a plurality of third hoisting points are arranged on the barrel in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the third hoisting points are connected with the lower end portions of the traction rope, and the hydraulic cylinder controller and the winch controller are all arranged outside the test chamber.

Preferably, the piston driving assembly comprises a piston rod which is vertically and upwards arranged, a locking component which is used for locking the relative position between the piston rod and the cylinder body, a limiting column which limits the upper limit of the lifting position of the piston rod, a compression spring which is sleeved on the piston rod, and a horizontal pressing plate, a first horizontal retaining ring and a second horizontal retaining ring which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; horizontal press plate is fixed in the piston rod upper end and locates outside the port on the barrel, the fixed cover of first level fender ring is established on the piston rod outer wall, the second level keeps off the ring and locates in the barrel, the second level keeps off the ring to be fixed on the barrel inner wall, but the second level keeps off the ring butt suction piston upper surface, the piston rod wears to locate in the second level keeps off the ring, compression spring's upper and lower both ends are the first level of butt fender ring and the second level fender ring respectively, the vertical setting of spacing post just is located the horizontal press plate top, spacing post upper end is fixed test chamber inner wall upper surface, but spacing post lower extreme butt horizontal press plate.

Preferably, the locking component comprises an elastic claw with a claw hook bent at the upper end, a vertical guide cylinder extending downwards from the edge of the horizontal pressing plate, a plurality of elastic claws and a controller of the top-opening hydraulic cylinder, wherein the cylinder body is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the horizontal pressing plate, the lower end of the elastic claw is fixed on the outer wall of the cylinder body, the plurality of elastic claws are distributed along the circumferential direction of the horizontal pressing plate, and the top-opening hydraulic cylinders and the elastic claws are arranged in one-to-one correspondence; when the suction piston closes the sampling opening and a cylinder rod of the ejection hydraulic cylinder is in a retracted state, the claw hook abuts against the upper surface of the horizontal pressing plate so as to lock the relative positions of the piston rod and the cylinder body and prevent the piston rod from moving upwards relative to the cylinder body, the cylinder rod of the ejection hydraulic cylinder is arranged outwards along the radial direction of the horizontal pressing plate, and the claw hook can be pushed to be separated from the horizontal pressing plate when the cylinder rod extends outwards; when the suction piston is positioned above the sampling opening, the claw hook is abutted against the vertical guide cylinder.

Preferably, the vertical central axis of the test bin is coaxial with the central axis of the barrel, the soft air bag is an annular rubber air bag which is coaxial with the central axis of the test bin, or the soft air bag is a plurality of rubber air bags which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the test bin; the soft air bag is communicated with the test bin through a communication hole and is provided with a closable inflation inlet.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses an advantage lies in with positive effect: the tester can directly carry out in-situ test on the sludge property underwater to obtain the sludge property data in the original state, avoids the influence of the sampling process on the test result, is simple and easy to operate, and can ensure the accuracy of the data.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an initial state structure of an in-situ tester for properties of underwater sludge according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sludge pumping state of the testing mechanism of the embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the state of the underwater sludge property in-situ tester used in an uneven foundation bed;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a probe cage configuration of an embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the sampling tube of the embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the cartridge structure of the embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a pumping piston and piston drive assembly;

in the above figure: 1-a hanging frame, 11-a supporting rod, 12-a first hanging point, 13-an inverted V-shaped connecting rod, 2-a first lifting device, 21-a second hanging point, 22-a hydraulic cylinder rod, 23-a hanging ring, 3-a testing bin, 31-a second lifting device, 311-a second flexible restraint piece, 312-a winch, 32-a first distance measuring device, 33-a hook, 4-a probe cage, 41-a cage body, 411-a probe, 42-a third restraint piece, 44-a fourth restraint piece, 43-a first restraint piece, 44-a fourth restraint piece, 45-a fifth restraint piece, 5-a sampling cylinder, 51-a heavy ring, 511-a spectrum analyzer, 52-a cylinder body, 521-a sampling opening, 53-a suction piston, 54-a piston driving component, 541-a piston rod, 542-a limiting column, 543-a compression spring, 544-a horizontal pressing plate, 545-a first horizontal baffle ring, 546-a second horizontal baffle ring, 547-a vertical guide cylinder, 548-an elastic claw, 549-a jacking hydraulic cylinder, 55-a second limiting piece, 56-a third lifting point, 6-a first flexible restraining piece, 7-a communication hole and 8-a soft air bag.

Detailed Description

The present invention is specifically described below by way of exemplary embodiments. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.

It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the positional relationship based on the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example (b):

as shown in fig. 1 to 7, an in-situ tester for underwater sludge properties comprises a hanging frame 1, a testing mechanism, and a first lifting device 2 for controlling the testing mechanism to vertically lift;

the hanging rack 1 comprises a mounting part for hanging the first lifting device 2 and a plurality of supporting rods 11, the upper ends of the supporting rods 11 are fixedly connected with the mounting part, the lower ends of the supporting rods 11 can be inserted into sludge, at least three supporting rods 11 are arranged, the first lifting device 2 is hung below the mounting part through a first flexible restraining part 6, and the testing mechanism is arranged below the first lifting device 2;

the testing mechanism comprises a testing 3 cabin which is in driving connection with the first lifting device 2, a testing unit and a soft air bag 8 which is used for adjusting the air pressure in the testing cabin 3, the soft air bag 8 stores air and is arranged outside the testing cabin 3, and the soft air bag 8 is communicated with the testing cabin 3; the lower surface of the test bin 3 is provided with a lower opening, the test unit comprises a sampling cylinder 5 penetrating out of the test bin 3 from the lower opening, a second lifting device 31 for controlling the sampling cylinder 5 to vertically lift, a first distance measuring device 32 for measuring the vertical distance between the sampling cylinder 5 and the test bin 3, and a timing device (not shown in the drawing, can be arranged at any position of the test bin 3 or the hanging rack 1, and also can be arranged at any position outside the test bin 3 and is in signal connection with the test unit to monitor the movement time of the sampling cylinder 5), wherein the timing device, the first distance measuring device 32 and the second lifting device 31 are fixedly arranged in the test bin 3; the sampling tube 5 comprises a vertically arranged tube body 52, a suction piston 53 assembled in the tube body 52, a piston driving assembly 54 for controlling the position of the suction piston 53 in the tube body 52, and a heavy ring 51 sleeved and fixed at the lower end part of the tube body 52;

the driving end of the second lifting device 31 is connected with the cylinder body of the sampling cylinder 5 through a second connecting piece, the second connecting piece is a second flexible restraining piece or a sliding matching piece, the sliding matching piece comprises a vertical guide rail and a sliding block in sliding fit with the vertical guide rail, and the vertical guide rail and the sliding block are respectively and fixedly connected with the cylinder body and the driving end of the second lifting device;

the driving end of the second lifting device 31 is connected to the cylinder 52 through a second connecting member, the second connecting member is a second flexible restraining member 311, the cylinder 52 is suspended below the second lifting device 31 through the second connecting member, and a sampling port 521 is formed in the lower end face of the cylinder 52.

Besides the second flexible restraining element 311 shown in fig. 1 to 7, the second connecting element may also be a sliding mating element, which includes a vertical guide rail and a slide block in sliding fit with the vertical guide rail, and the vertical guide rail and the slide block are respectively and fixedly connected to the cylinder 5 and the driving end of the second lifting device 31.

The underwater sludge property in-situ test method adopting the tester comprises the following steps:

preparation before measurement: appointing a test position, measuring the elevation of the top surface of the sludge at the appointed test position at the bottom of the water, and presetting the appointed elevation of the heavy ring 51 above the top surface of the sludge at the beginning of the test; checking each part of the underwater sludge property in-situ tester, locking a suction piston 53 at the sampling port 521 through a piston driving assembly 54 so as to seal the sampling port 521, lifting the test unit to a preset highest limit position in the test bin 3 by adopting a second lifting device 31, and inflating the interior of the test bin 3 and the soft air bag 8 to the maximum capacity;

the equipment is fixed under water: the underwater sludge property in-situ tester is put to a specified test position at the water bottom, the test bin 3 is put down to a test unit to reach a specified elevation by adopting a first lifting device 2 after the hanging frame 1 stands stably at the test position, and the height position of the test bin 3 is fixed;

and (3) testing viscosity and gravity index parameters: the second lifting device 31 is adopted to lower the test unit at a preset standard speed, so that the heavy ring 51 is sunk into the sludge after contacting with the top surface of the sludge, and finally the movement is stopped under the action of the sludge resistance to reach a stable static state, in the process, as the heavy ring 51 sinks into the sludge, the buoyancy force borne by the heavy ring 51 is gradually increased, the required lifting force provided by the second lifting device 31 is gradually reduced, and the lifting force of the second lifting device 31 on the test unit becomes zero after reaching a certain position; measuring the sinking time required by the test unit from the downward placing to the static state by using a timing device, and taking the measured sinking time as a viscosity index parameter for calibrating the viscosity of the sludge; measuring the descending vertical distance of the heavy ring 51 by using a first distance measuring device 32, calculating the sinking depth of the heavy ring 51 when the heavy ring 51 sinks into the sludge and reaches a stable static state by combining the measured top surface elevation of the sludge and the preset elevation of the heavy ring 51, and taking the obtained sinking depth as a heavy index parameter for calibrating the heavy size of the sludge;

testing fluidity index parameters: the piston driving assembly 54 is adopted to lift the suction piston 53 by a preset driving force until the suction piston 53 moves upwards to a specified position in the cylinder body, so that the space in the cylinder body below the suction piston is filled with the sludge, a timing device is adopted to measure the filling time required by the sludge to fill the space in the cylinder body below the suction piston, and the tested filling time is used as a fluidity index parameter for calibrating the fluidity of the sludge.

In the step of fixing the equipment underwater, in the process of lowering the tester when entering water, the volume of the soft air bag 8 is reduced along with the change of water pressure, so that air enters the test bin 3 to keep the pressure inside and outside the test bin 3 consistent, the influence of pressure difference on the test process is avoided, and meanwhile, the test bin 3 is prevented from entering water to protect a test device in the test bin 3; after the support rod 11 of the hanger 1 contacts the silt layer, the support rod can be inserted into the silt layer under the action of gravity, and finally the tester can be fixed underwater in a stable state, the first lifting device 2 and the hanger 11 are connected by adopting a first flexible restraint part 6, and after the hanger 1 is stabilized, the first lifting device 2 and the test bin 3 can be kept in a plumb state under the action of gravity, so that the test effect is ensured;

in the step of testing the viscosity and gravity index parameters, when the self weight of the test unit, the initial position (designated elevation of the heavy ring 51) of the heavy ring 51 and the initial speed (preset standard speed) when the heavy ring 51 is in contact with the top surface of the sludge are fixed, the sinking depth of the heavy ring 51 sinking into the sludge is related to the gravity of the sludge, and the sinking time of the heavy ring 51 is related to the viscosity of the sludge, so that the sinking depth of the heavy ring 51 can be used as the gravity index parameter for calibrating the gravity of the sludge, the sinking time of the heavy ring 51 can be used as the viscosity index parameter for calibrating the viscosity of the sludge, and the gravity and the viscosity of different sludge can be detected and compared by testing different sinking depths and sinking times of the heavy ring 51 in different sludge so as to realize the in-situ detection of the gravity and the viscosity of;

in the fluidity index parameter testing step, after the previous viscosity and gravity index parameter testing is completed, the sampling port 521 of the sampling cylinder 5 is inserted into the sludge, at this time, the suction piston 53 is lifted to a specified position in the cylinder 52 by a preset driving force, the sludge can move along with the suction piston 53 to fill the space of the cylinder 52 below the suction piston 53, and the filling time of the sludge in the process is related to the fluidity of the sludge, so that the filling time can be used as the fluidity index parameter for calibrating the fluidity of the sludge, and the fluidity of different kinds of sludge can be detected and compared by testing the filling time of the sampling cylinder 5 when different kinds of sludge are sucked, so as to realize the in-situ detection of the fluidity of the sludge.

In conclusion, the underwater sludge property in-situ test instrument and the test method can be used for directly carrying out in-situ test on the sludge property underwater to obtain the sludge property data in the original state, avoid the influence of the sampling process on the test result, are simple and easy to operate, and can ensure the accuracy of the data.

Specifically, the first flexible restraining element 6 and the second flexible restraining element 311 may be any one of a rope, a cable, a chain, a belt, or a link having two ends connected to other components in a hinged manner.

Specifically, the test unit further comprises a probe cage 4 for detecting a sand sediment layer, the upper surface and the lower surface of the probe cage 4 are both open, the probe cage 4 comprises a cage body 41 sleeved outside the barrel 52, and a second distance measuring device (not shown in the drawing and capable of being arranged at any position of the probe cage 4, the test bin 3 or the hanger 1) for testing the bottom elevation of the cage body 41 and the bottom elevation of the hanger 1 is arranged coaxially, the cage body 41 is arranged coaxially with the barrel 52 and penetrates through the lower opening, the lower part of the cage body 41 is provided with a plurality of probes 411 capable of penetrating the sand sediment layer which is not completely compacted and hardened, the plurality of probes 411 are circumferentially arranged along the cage body 41, and the probes 411 are vertically arranged; the inner wall of the cage body 41 is provided with a first limiting member 43, the outer wall of the cylinder body 52 is provided with a second limiting member 55 abutting against the first limiting member 43, and the first limiting member 43 is arranged above the second limiting member 55.

Specifically, the plurality of probes 411 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the cage 41.

The probe cage 4 can ascend along with the sampling cylinder 5 through the first limiting part 43 and the second limiting part 55 which are abutted, and the probe cage 4 can descend along with the sampling cylinder 5 under the action of gravity when the probe cage 4 is not contacted with a sludge layer; in viscosity, heavy index parameter test step, adopt second elevating gear 31 to transfer with predetermineeing standard speed during the test unit, probe 411 bottom of probe cage 4 lower part is prior to heavy ring 51 contact silt top surface, and probe 411 is by the dead weight to penetrate behind the not totally compact hardened sand setting layer of silt yet under, and probe cage 4 stop motion surveys probe cage 4 bottom elevation and stores pylon 1 bottom elevation through second range unit, compares two difference analytically and has the possibility and the thickness of sand setting layer. And after the probe cage 4 stops moving, the first limiting part 43 and the second limiting part 55 are separated, and the heavy ring 51 can continue to move downwards, i.e. the arrangement of the probe cage 4 does not influence the testing process of viscosity property.

Specifically, the first limiting member 43 is a stop ring coaxially disposed with the cage 41 or a plurality of stops circumferentially and uniformly distributed along the horizontal cross section of the inner wall of the cage, and the second limiting member 55 is a stop ring coaxially disposed with the cylinder 52 or a plurality of stops circumferentially and uniformly distributed along the horizontal cross section of the outer wall of the cylinder 52.

Specifically, the probe 411 is disposed outside the testing chamber 3, a third limiting member 42 for preventing the cage 41 from separating from the testing chamber 3 and a fourth limiting member 44 for preventing the probe 411 from entering the testing chamber 3 are disposed on an outer wall of the cage 41, the third limiting member 43 is disposed on an upper portion of the outer wall of the cage 41 and can abut against an upper surface of the lower opening, the fourth limiting member 44 is disposed below the third limiting member 43, the fourth limiting member 44 is disposed near an upper end portion of the probe 411, and the fourth limiting member 44 is disposed outside the lower opening and can abut against a lower surface of the lower opening; the inner wall of the cage body 41 is provided with a fifth limiting member 45 for preventing the heavy ring 51 from entering the testing chamber 3, the fifth limiting member 45 and the fourth limiting member 44 are arranged at the same height or below the fourth limiting member 44, and the fifth limiting member 45 is arranged above the heavy ring 51 and can be abutted against the upper surface of the heavy ring 51.

Specifically, the third limiting member 43, the fourth limiting member 44 and the fifth limiting member 45 are all set as a stop ring coaxially arranged with the cage body 41 or a plurality of stop blocks uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the horizontal cross section of the outer wall of the cage body 41.

Specifically, the heavy ring 51 is a hollow spherical ring, transparent walls are respectively arranged on the inner annular wall of the hollow spherical ring and the wall of the cylinder 52 attached to the inner annular wall, and an optical analysis device 511 capable of inspecting the composition of sludge particles in the cylinder 52 through the transparent walls is installed in the heavy ring 51. The arrangement of the optical analysis device 511 can synchronously test the particle composition of the sludge in the fluidity index parameter test step, thereby further enriching the test result of the sludge property.

Specifically, the optical analysis device may be set to XX

Specifically, the installation department of stores pylon 1 is including connecting the first hoisting point 12 of the first flexible about piece 6 upper end, and with the shape of falling V connecting rod 13 that 11 one-to-ones of bracing piece set up, the one end fixed connection of the shape of falling V connecting rod 13 first hoisting point 12 upper end, other end fixed connection 11 upper end of bracing piece, it is a plurality of the shape of falling V connecting rod 13 equipartition in around the

first hoisting point

12, 11 vertical settings of bracing piece, the shape of falling V connecting rod 13 and the bracing piece 11 of being connected with it locate same vertical plane, 2 top surfaces of first elevating gear are equipped with the connection the second hoisting point 21 of the first flexible about piece 6 lower extreme, second hoisting point 21 is located on the vertical straight line at the 2 focus places of first elevating gear. The hanging rack 1 is designed into the structure, so that the tester can be stably fixed underwater, meanwhile, the shape of the hanging rack 1 can be better adapted to the testing environment of an uneven foundation bed (as shown in fig. 3), and the first lifting device 2 and the testing mechanism are not touched under the self-inclined state of the hanging rack 1, so that the first lifting device 2 and the testing mechanism are always in a plumb state, and the normal running of the test is ensured.

Specifically, the first lifting device 2 comprises a waterproof hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder controller, a hydraulic cylinder rod 22 of the waterproof hydraulic cylinder is vertically arranged downwards, the second lifting point 21 is arranged on the top surface of a cylinder body of the waterproof hydraulic cylinder, a hook 33 is arranged in the center of the top surface of the test chamber 3, a hook ring 23 matched with the hook 33 is arranged at the rod head of the hydraulic cylinder rod 22, and the hook 33 is hung on the hook ring 23; the second lifting device 31 comprises a plurality of winches 312 and a winch controller for controlling the winches 312 to synchronously release ropes, the winches 312 are symmetrically arranged on the axis of the barrel 52, the body of the winch 312 is arranged on the upper surface of the inner wall of the test chamber 3, the second flexible restraint part 311 is arranged on the traction rope of the winch 312, a plurality of third hoisting points 56 are arranged on the barrel 52 in a one-to-one correspondence manner on the winches 312, the third hoisting points 56 are connected with the lower end part of the traction rope, and the hydraulic cylinder controller and the winch controller are arranged outside the test chamber 3 so as to facilitate a tester to control the device outside the test chamber 3.

Specifically, the piston driving assembly 54 includes a piston rod 541 disposed vertically upward, a locking component for locking a relative position between the piston rod 541 and the cylinder 52, a limiting post 542 for limiting an upper limit of a lifting position of the piston rod 541, a compression spring 543 sleeved on the piston rod 541, and a horizontal pressing plate 544, a first horizontal stop ring 545, and a second horizontal stop ring 546 sequentially disposed from top to bottom; the horizontal pressing plate 544 is fixed at the upper end of the piston rod 541 and is disposed outside the upper port of the cylinder 52, the first horizontal baffle ring 545 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the piston rod 541, the second horizontal baffle ring 546 is disposed in the cylinder 52, the second horizontal baffle ring 546 is fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder 52, the second horizontal baffle ring 546 can abut against the upper surface of the suction piston 53, the piston rod 541 is disposed in the second horizontal baffle ring 546 in a penetrating manner, the upper end and the lower end of the compression spring 543 abut against the first horizontal baffle ring 545 and the second horizontal baffle ring 546 respectively, the limiting column 542 is vertically disposed and located above the horizontal pressing plate 544, the upper end of the limiting column 542 is fixed on the upper surface of the inner wall of the testing chamber 3, and the lower end of the limiting column 542 can abut against the horizontal pressing plate 544. In the above-mentioned piston driving assembly 54, in the preparation step before measurement, when the locking component does not lock the position between the piston rod 541 and the cylinder 52, the horizontal pressing plate 544 at the upper end of the piston rod 541 abuts against the lower end of the limit column 542 under the action of the compression spring 543, the second lifting device is used to lift the cylinder 52 of the sampling cylinder 5, so that the suction piston 53 can slide to the sampling port 521 to close the sampling port, at this time, the testing unit reaches the highest limit position preset in the testing chamber 3, in this state, after the locking component locks the relative position between the piston rod 541 and the cylinder 52, the viscosity and gravity index parameter testing step is performed, after the viscosity and gravity test is completed, the locking component unlocks the positions of the piston rod 541 and the cylinder 52 in the fluidity index testing step, the suction piston 53 slides relative to the cylinder 52 under the action of the compression spring 543, so as to suck the sludge into the cylinder 52, and the restoring force of the compression spring 543 is used, the same driving force can be controlled to be lifted up by the suction piston 53 in the test use of the tester for a plurality of times, thereby ensuring the test effect.

Specifically, the locking component includes elastic claws 548 with claw hooks bent at the upper ends, a vertical guide cylinder 547 extending downward from the edge of the horizontal pressing plate 544, a jacking hydraulic cylinder 549 whose cylinder body is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the horizontal pressing plate 544, and a jacking hydraulic cylinder controller for controlling the jacking hydraulic cylinder 549, wherein the lower end portions of the elastic claws 548 are fixed on the outer wall of the cylinder body 52, a plurality of the elastic claws 548 are arranged, the elastic claws 548 are circumferentially distributed along the horizontal pressing plate 544, and the jacking hydraulic cylinders 549 and the elastic claws 548 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; when the suction piston 53 closes the sampling port 521 and the cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder 549 is in a retracted state, the claw hook abuts against the upper surface of the horizontal pressing plate 549 so as to lock the relative positions of the piston rod 541 and the cylinder body 52 and prevent the piston rod 541 from moving upward relative to the cylinder body 52, the cylinder rod is arranged radially outward along the horizontal pressing plate 544, and when the cylinder rod extends outward, the claw hook can be pushed to be disengaged from the horizontal pressing plate 544 so as to release the position locking of the locking part on the piston rod 541 and the cylinder body 52, so that the piston rod 541 can drive the suction piston 53 to move upward relative to the cylinder body 52 under the restoring force of the compression spring 543; when the suction piston 53 is positioned above the sampling port 521 (i.e., when the sampling port 521 is in an open state), the claw hook abuts against the vertical guide cylinder 547 to open the elastic claw 548 outward.

Specifically, the vertical central axis of the test chamber 3 is coaxial with the central axis of the cylinder 52, and the soft air bag 8 is an annular rubber air bag coaxial with the central axis of the test chamber 3, or the soft air bag 8 is a plurality of rubber air bags uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the test chamber 3; the soft air bag 8 is communicated with the test bin 3 through a communication hole 7, and the soft air bag 8 is provided with a closable inflation inlet. The coaxial setting of each essential element can make the focus of tester be located near 3 axis in test bin, the stability of better guarantee user state.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may use the above-mentioned technical contents to change or modify the equivalent embodiment into equivalent changes and apply to other fields, but any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical matters of the present invention will still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An in-situ tester for the nature of underwater sludge is characterized by comprising a hanging frame, a testing mechanism and a first lifting device for controlling the testing mechanism to vertically lift;

2. The in-situ tester for properties of underwater sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the testing unit further comprises a probe cage for detecting a sand-settling layer, the upper and lower surfaces of the probe cage are both open, the probe cage comprises a cage body sleeved outside the cylinder body, and a second distance measuring device for testing the elevation of the bottom end of the cage body and the elevation of the bottom end of the hanger, the cage body and the cylinder body are coaxially arranged, the cage body is arranged in the lower opening in a penetrating manner, the lower part of the cage body is provided with a plurality of probes capable of penetrating the probes in the sand-settling layer which is not completely compacted and hardened, the plurality of probes are arranged along the circumferential direction of the cage body, and the probes are arranged vertically; the cage is characterized in that a first limiting part is arranged on the inner wall of the cage body, a second limiting part abutted against the first limiting part is arranged on the outer wall of the cage body, and the first limiting part is arranged above the second limiting part.

3. The in situ tester for the properties of underwater sludge according to claim 2, wherein the probe is disposed outside the test chamber, the outer wall of the cage body is provided with a third limiting member for preventing the cage body from being separated from the test chamber and a fourth limiting member for preventing the probe from entering the test chamber, the third limiting member is disposed on the upper portion of the outer wall of the cage body and can abut against the upper surface of the lower opening, the fourth limiting member is disposed below the third limiting member, the fourth limiting member is disposed near the upper end of the probe, and the fourth limiting member is disposed outside the lower opening and can abut against the lower surface of the lower opening; the inner wall of the cage body is provided with a fifth limiting part for preventing the heavy ring from entering the test bin, the fifth limiting part and the fourth limiting part are arranged at the same height or are arranged below the fourth limiting part, and the fifth limiting part is arranged above the heavy ring and can be abutted against the upper surface of the heavy ring.

4. The in-situ tester for properties of underwater sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heavy ring is a hollow spherical ring, the inner annular wall of the hollow spherical ring and the wall of the cylinder body attached to the inner annular wall are both provided with transparent walls, and the heavy ring is internally provided with a light analysis device which can check the composition of sludge particles in the cylinder body through the transparent walls.

5. The in-situ tester for underwater sludge properties according to claim 1, wherein the mounting portion of the hanging frame comprises a first hanging point connected to the upper end of the first flexible restraint member and inverted V-shaped connecting rods arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the supporting rods, one end of each inverted V-shaped connecting rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first hanging point, the other end of each inverted V-shaped connecting rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the supporting rod, the inverted V-shaped connecting rods are uniformly distributed around the first hanging point, the supporting rods are vertically arranged, the inverted V-shaped connecting rods and the supporting rods connected with the inverted V-shaped connecting rods are arranged on the same vertical plane, a second hanging point connected to the lower end of the first flexible restraint member is arranged on the top surface of the first lifting device, and the second hanging point is arranged on a vertical line where the center of gravity of the first.

6. The in-situ tester for the properties of the underwater sludge as claimed in claim 5, wherein the first lifting device comprises a waterproof hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder controller, a hydraulic cylinder rod of the waterproof hydraulic cylinder is vertically arranged downwards, the second lifting point is arranged on the top surface of a cylinder body of the waterproof hydraulic cylinder, a hook is arranged at the center of the top surface of the test bin, a hanging hook ring matched with the hook is arranged at the rod head of the hydraulic cylinder rod, and the hook is hung on the hanging hook ring; the second lifting device comprises a plurality of winches and a winch controller for controlling the winches to synchronously unwind ropes, the winches are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the barrel, the winch body is installed on the upper surface of the inner wall of the test chamber, the second flexible constraint piece is set as the traction rope of the winches, a plurality of third hoisting points are arranged on the barrel in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the third hoisting points are connected with the lower end portions of the traction rope, and the hydraulic cylinder controller and the winch controller are all arranged outside the test chamber.

7. The in-situ tester for properties of underwater sludge according to claim 1, wherein the piston driving assembly comprises a piston rod which is vertically and upwardly arranged, a locking component which is used for locking the relative position between the piston rod and the cylinder body, a limiting column which limits the upper limit of the lifting position of the piston rod, a compression spring which is sleeved on the piston rod, and a horizontal pressing plate, a first horizontal baffle ring and a second horizontal baffle ring which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; horizontal press plate is fixed in the piston rod upper end and locates outside the port on the barrel, the fixed cover of first level fender ring is established on the piston rod outer wall, the second level keeps off the ring and locates in the barrel, the second level keeps off the ring to be fixed on the barrel inner wall, but the second level keeps off the ring butt suction piston upper surface, the piston rod wears to locate in the second level keeps off the ring, compression spring's upper and lower both ends are the first level of butt fender ring and the second level fender ring respectively, the vertical setting of spacing post just is located the horizontal press plate top, spacing post upper end is fixed test chamber inner wall upper surface, but spacing post lower extreme butt horizontal press plate.

8. The in-situ tester for properties of underwater sludge as claimed in claim 7, wherein the locking component comprises an elastic claw with a claw hook bent at the upper end, a vertical guide cylinder extending downwards from the edge of the horizontal press plate, a jacking hydraulic cylinder with a cylinder body fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the horizontal press plate, and a jacking hydraulic cylinder controller, the lower end of the elastic claw is fixed on the outer wall of the cylinder body, the number of the elastic claws is multiple, the elastic claws are distributed along the circumference of the horizontal press plate, and the jacking hydraulic cylinders and the elastic claws are arranged in one-to-one correspondence; when the suction piston closes the sampling opening and a cylinder rod of the ejection hydraulic cylinder is in a retracted state, the claw hook abuts against the upper surface of the horizontal pressing plate to prevent the piston rod from moving upwards relative to the cylinder body, the cylinder rod is arranged outwards along the radial direction of the horizontal pressing plate, and the claw hook can be pushed to be separated from the horizontal pressing plate when the cylinder rod extends outwards; when the suction piston is positioned above the sampling opening, the claw hook is abutted against the vertical guide cylinder.

9. The in-situ tester for the properties of underwater sludge according to claim 1, wherein the vertical central axis of the test chamber is coaxially arranged with the central axis of the cylinder, and the soft air bag is an annular rubber air bag coaxially arranged with the central axis of the test chamber, or a plurality of rubber air bags uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the test chamber; the soft air bag is communicated with the test bin through a communication hole and is provided with a closable inflation inlet.