CN211239704U

CN211239704U - Unit structure of power device

Info

Publication number: CN211239704U
Application number: CN201922492186.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杜心林; 王贵祥; 李瑞英
Original assignee: Beijing Jiaqi Electric Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Jiaqi Electric Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-31
Filing date: 2019-12-31
Publication date: 2020-08-11
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-31

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric power unit structure. The double-sided water cooling plate (3) is provided with an upper bottom plate (3a) and a lower bottom plate (3b) which are parallel to each other, and a plurality of groups of power devices (1) are arranged side by side. In each group, the power device (1a) and the power device (1b) are arranged in a vertically symmetrical manner, and the power devices (1a, 1b) in the left and right regions are arranged in a symmetrical manner. The negative power supply input interface (8) and the positive power supply input interface (9) are positioned in the middle and are arranged in an up-and-down symmetrical mode, and the output interfaces (7) correspond to the power devices (1) of each group and are respectively arranged on the two sides of the power devices in a symmetrical mirror arrangement mode. The negative power supply input interface and the positive power supply input interface are respectively connected with a capacitor bus bar (20) arranged at the rear side of the double-sided water cooling plate through transition bus bars (6a) and (6b), and the positive end and the negative end of the capacitor bus bar are connected with power ends of power devices. Two ends of the bus capacitor (2) are connected with the positive end and the negative end of the capacitor bus. The output interface is connected with the output end of each power device through an output bus bar (5).

Description

Unit structure of power device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a power electronics technical field especially relates to the cell structure of converter, dc-to-ac converter etc.

Background

The power electronic technology is an emerging electronic technology applied to the power field, and is a technology for converting and controlling electric energy by using power electronic devices (such as thyristors, BJTs, GTOs, IGBTs, IGCTs, IEGTs, power MOSFETs, and the like). The "power converted by the power electronic technology is as large as hundreds of MW or even GW, and as small as several W or even 1W or less, and unlike the information electronic technology mainly based on information processing, the power electronic technology is mainly used for power conversion. The power electronic technology is divided into two branches of power electronic device manufacturing technology and current transformation technology (rectification, inversion, chopping, frequency conversion and equalization).

Due to the advantages of the power electronic technology, the power electronic technology is applied to the industrial automatic transmission field (frequency converter and direct current transmission device), wind power, photovoltaic inverters, various power supplies, energy storage voltage stabilization inversion devices and new energy automobile motor controllers; the flexible direct current (alternating current) transmission, the high-voltage direct current transmission, the reactive compensation and other fields of the power system are widely applied, and the development potential is huge. In the power electronic device, a power component can generate a large amount of heat in operation, so that the heat dissipation problem of power electronic equipment becomes more and more prominent, and particularly in the high-power field, the power electronic device has higher index requirements on the overall dimension and the power density of the power electronic product in the industries of aerospace, ships, petroleum and petrochemical, new energy automobiles, war products and the like.

With the continuous development of power electronic technology, in order to meet different application requirements, the operating current in a single power electronic device is increasingly large, the types and the number of power components are also increased continuously, the natural cooling of an air cooling radiator or the forced air cooling of a fan in the past is adopted, the overall dimension is large, the heat dissipation capacity is limited, the heat dissipation effect of a water (liquid) cooling technology is excellent, but the requirements of heat dissipation, dimension and power density of certain specific occasions of certain industries cannot be met. With the increase of the current which can be processed by the power components, the overall dimension of a single power electronic device is larger and larger, so that the volume of the power electronic device is greatly increased, and the application and popularization of the power electronic product in the industries of aerospace, ships, petroleum and petrochemical, new energy automobiles, war products and the like are seriously restricted.

The first purpose of the utility model is to provide a power device unit structure which can reduce the external dimension of the power electronic equipment and improve the overall performance of the power electronic equipment,

the second purpose is to provide a power electronic product with a plurality of power devices connected in parallel, which realizes stable output of large current, high power density and balanced load arrangement.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The first technical proposal of the utility model is a unit structure of an electric power device, which is characterized in that the unit structure comprises a plurality of groups of power devices (1), bus capacitors (2), a double-sided water-cooling plate (3), an output bus (5), transition buses (6a, 6b), an output interface (7), a negative power input interface (8), a positive power input interface (9) and a capacitor bus (20),

the double-sided water cooling plate (3) is provided with an upper bottom plate (3a) and a lower bottom plate (3b) which are parallel and symmetrical with each other,

a plurality of groups of power devices (1) are arranged on an upper base plate (3a) and a lower base plate (3b) side by side, each group of power devices (1) consists of a first power device (1a) and a second power device (1b), the first power device (1a) is positioned on the upper base plate (3a), the second power device (1b) is positioned on the lower base plate (3b), and in each group, the first power device (1a) and the second power device (1b) are arranged in an up-and-down symmetrical manner,

the groups of power devices (1) in the left area (a) and the right area (b) are respectively arranged at the same interval and uniformly, the groups of power devices (1) in the left area (a) and the groups of power devices (1) in the right area (b) are symmetrically arranged and are arranged in a mirror surface way,

the front side of the double-sided water-cooling plate (3) is provided with the output interface (7), the negative power supply input interface (8) and the positive power supply input interface (9),

the negative power supply input interface (8) and the positive power supply input interface (9) are positioned in the middle and are arranged in an up-down symmetrical manner, the output interfaces (7) correspond to the power devices (1) of each group and are respectively arranged at the two sides of the negative power supply input interface (8) and the positive power supply input interface (9) and are arranged in a symmetrical mirror surface manner,

the negative power supply input interface (8) and the positive power supply input interface (9) are respectively connected with the capacitor bus bar (20) arranged at the rear side of the double-sided water-cooling plate (3) through transition bus bars (6a, 6b), the positive end and the negative end of the capacitor bus bar (20) are connected with the power supply ends of each group of power devices (1),

the output interface (7) is connected with the output ends of the power devices (1) through the output bus bar (5),

each output bus bar (5) corresponds to each group of power devices (1) and is arranged in a bilateral symmetry mode, the bus capacitors (2) are installed on the capacitor bus bars (20), and two ends of each bus capacitor (2) are connected with the positive end and the negative end of each capacitor bus bar (20) respectively.

The second technical scheme is based on the first technical scheme and is characterized by comprising a capacitor laminated busbar (20) which is of a U-shaped structure with a transverse opening and is formed by overlapping an outer capacitor laminated busbar (20a) and an inner capacitor laminated busbar (20b), the outer capacitor laminated busbar and the inner capacitor laminated busbar are isolated by an insulating material, two ends of the U-shaped structure are respectively formed by extending the outer capacitor laminated busbar (20a) and the inner capacitor laminated busbar (20b) outwards,

the transition busbar (6a) and the power end of the first power device (1a) are connected with the external capacitor laminated busbar (20a) through the extension part,

the transition bus bar (6b) and the power end of the second power device (1b) are connected with the inner capacitor laminated bus bar (20b) through the extension part,

the bus capacitors (2) are uniformly arranged in a row, and two terminals are respectively fixed with the outer capacitor laminated busbar (20a) and the inner capacitor laminated busbar (20b) through bolts.

The third technical scheme is based on the second technical scheme and is characterized in that the output busbar (5) is composed of two Z-shaped copper bars (5a and 5b) which are identical in shape, the two Z-shaped copper bars are arranged in opposite directions, one ends, close to each other, of the two Z-shaped copper bars are connected with the output interface (7) after being connected with each other, and the other ends of the copper bars (5a and 5b) are respectively connected with the output ends of the power devices (1).

The fourth technical scheme is based on the third technical scheme and is characterized in that the copper bars (5a and 5b) are connected with the output ends of the power devices (1) through connectors (4).

The fifth technical means is based on the first technical means, and is characterized by comprising cooling channels (30a, 30b, 30c) for cooling water to flow through are formed in the double-sided water-cooling plate (3).

A sixth technical solution is based on any one of the first to fifth technical solutions, and is characterized in that each group of power devices (1) is any one of an IGBT or a thyristor, a BJT, a GTO, an IGCT, an IEGT, and a power MOSFET.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an inverter main circuit for an inverter unit structure;

fig. 2 is an oblique view of the inverter unit structure:

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the inverter unit structure

Fig. 4 is a front view of the inverter unit structure;

fig. 5 is a side sectional view of the inverter unit structure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of bus bar row connection in an inverter unit structure;

fig. 7 is an internal structure view of a double-sided water-cooled plate in the inverter unit structure.

Detailed Description

The present invention provides many applicable inventive concepts that can be embodied in a wide variety of specific contexts. The specific examples described in the following embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute limitations on the scope of the invention.

In the present embodiment, a power device unit configuration will be described by taking an inverter unit configuration as an example.

Fig. 1 is a main circuit diagram of an inverter for an inverter unit structure. As shown in fig. 1, the inverter main circuit includes a bus capacitor C and an inverter V. In the present embodiment, the bus capacitor C is formed by connecting 6 electrolytic capacitors C3 to C8 in parallel. The inverter V is a 3-phase inverter composed of 6 bridge arms, and each phase is composed of two bridge arms (4 power devices) connected in parallel. And the positive end and the negative end of the bus capacitor C are respectively connected with the positive end and the negative end of each phase of bridge arm. And the output end of each phase of bridge arm is connected with an external motor D through an interface. The individual components are assembled together in the form of a unit structure (module).

The unit structure of the inverter main circuit will be described below.

Fig. 2 is an oblique view of the structure of the inverter unit; fig. 3 is a top view of the inverter unit structure; fig. 4 is a front view of the inverter unit structure.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the inverter unit structure mainly includes 6 groups of

power devices

1, 6 bus capacitors 2, a double-sided water-cooling plate 3, a connector 4, an output bus bar 5,

transition bus bars

6a and 6b, an output interface 7, a negative power input interface 8, a positive power input interface 9, and a capacitor laminated bus bar 20.

The output interface 7, the negative power input interface 8, and the positive power input interface 9 are mounted on a surface of a casing, not shown. As shown in fig. 4, the negative power input interface 8 and the positive power input interface 9 are located in the middle of the device, and are distributed symmetrically up and down and left and right, the positive power input interface 9 is located on the upper side, and the negative power input interface 8 is located on the lower side. On the left and right sides of the negative power input interface 8 and the positive

power input interface

9, 3 output interfaces 7 are respectively mounted in parallel. The output ports 7 in the left area a are arranged in mirror symmetry with the output ports 7 in the right area b.

The double-sided water cooling plate 3 has a rectangular plate-like structure with a certain thickness, a cooling water passage shown in fig. 7 is formed inside the double-sided water cooling plate, and an upper bottom plate 3a and a lower bottom plate 3b which are parallel to each other are provided in the vertical direction. The upper plate 3a and the lower plate 3b are mirror-symmetrical structures. As shown in fig. 3, 3 groups of 6 power devices 1 are mounted in the left area a of the double-sided water cooling plate 3, and the other 3 groups are mounted in the right area b. In each region, 3 groups of power devices 1 are equally spaced and arranged close to each other. The 3 groups of power devices 1 in the left area a and the 3 groups of power devices 1 in the right area b are symmetrical to each other and arranged in a mirror image.

The 6 first power devices 1a mounted on the upper chassis 3a and the 6 second power devices 1b mounted on the lower chassis 3b correspond to the upper arm (V1, V3, V5, V7, V9, V11) and the lower arm (V2, V4, V6, V8, V10, V12), respectively, in fig. 1. The 6 groups of power devices 1 correspond to the respective bridge arms in fig. 1.

In each group of power devices 1, the output ends of the first power device 1a and the second power device 1b are connected with an output interface 7 through an output bus bar 5 and a connector 4. In the present embodiment, the power devices are IGBTs, the output of the first power device 1a is an emitter, and the output of the second power device 1b is a collector, which are connected to each other through the output bus bar 5. Except for the IGBT, the utility model also can use GTR, BJT, silicon controlled rectifier, IGCT, IGET etc. as power device, the utility model discloses be not limited to power device's kind. For simplicity, the first power device 1a and the second power device 1b are simply referred to as

power devices

1a and 1b below when they are not distinguished.

As shown in fig. 2, the output bus bar 5 is composed of two zigzag copper bars 5a and 5b with the same shape, the two zigzag copper bars are arranged in opposite directions, one ends close to each other are connected with each other and then inserted into the connector 4, and the other ends of the copper bars 5a and 5b are respectively connected with the output ends of the

power devices

1a and 1b and the power devices.

As shown in fig. 5, the positive power input interface 9 and the negative power input interface 8 are respectively connected with the transition busbar 6a and the transition busbar 6b through bolts, and are connected with the capacitor laminated busbar 20 installed at the rear side of the double-sided water-cooling plate 3 through the

transition busbars

6a and 6 b.

The capacitor laminated busbar 20 is in a U-shaped structure with a transverse opening, and is formed by overlapping an outer capacitor laminated busbar 20a and an inner capacitor laminated busbar 20b, and the two are isolated by a high-performance ultrathin insulating material.

The upper end of the external capacitor laminated busbar 20a is provided with a connector corresponding to the transition busbar 6a and the positive power terminal of the first power device 1a, and is connected with the transition busbar 6a and the positive power terminal (collector) of the first power device 1a through the connector.

The lower end of the inner capacitor laminated busbar 20b is provided with a connector corresponding to the transition busbar 6b and the negative power end of the second power device 1b, and is connected with the transition busbar 6b and the negative power end (emitter) of the second power device 1b through the connector. The

transition busbars

6a and 6b are arranged in mirror symmetry.

The 6 bus capacitors 2 are uniformly arranged in a row and are arranged on the capacitor laminated busbar 20. The negative ends of the 6 bus capacitors 2 are respectively fixed with the inner capacitor laminated busbar 20b through bolts 22b, and the positive ends of the 6 bus capacitors 2 are respectively fixed with the outer capacitor laminated busbar 20a through bolts 22 a.

The control terminals (gates) of the power devices 1(1a and 1b) are connected to the outside through connection plates (not shown).

Fig. 7 is an internal structure view of the double-sided water cooling plate. Passages 30a and 30b for cooling (liquid) water are formed at portions corresponding to the left and right side regions a and b, respectively, and the passages 30a and 30b communicate through an intermediate passage 30 c. The channels 30a and 30b are of a degree 3 layer structure to prevent dead corners of water flow. Cooling water enters from a water inlet IN on the right side, flows through the channels 30b, 30c and 30a and flows OUT from a water outlet OUT, and the

power devices

1a and 1b arranged on the upper bottom plate 3a and the lower bottom plate 3b are cooled by the cooling effect of the water.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, 3 groups of power devices 1 in the left area a are output from the left to the right as U1, V1, and W1 phase arms, respectively, and 3 groups of power devices 1 in the right area 3 are output from the left to the right as U2, V2, and W2 phase arms, respectively, and output interfaces 7 of the in-phase arms (U1 and U2, V1 and V2, and W1 and W2) are connected to the outside, so that a configuration in which 2 arms are connected in parallel in each phase arm in fig. 1 is formed. By adding the power device group, the output current can be increased by external connection without changing the cell structure. Due to the mirror symmetry structure, various electrical properties can not be changed greatly, and the output power of the inverter can be simply adjusted. The technical effects are as follows:

1) because the power device 1 is cooled by water (liquid), and the upper surface and the lower surface are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode, the problem of large-current heat dissipation of the inverter serving as a power electronic product is solved, the heat dissipation efficiency of unit volume is improved, the power density is effectively improved, the distance of an output loop of each inverter is consistent in impedance characteristic, the electromagnetic distribution is balanced, load balance and load symmetry are guaranteed, the power device has the characteristics of good electromagnetic compatibility and the like, and the problem of product failure caused by poor electromagnetic compatibility and inconsistent impedance characteristic when a plurality of power devices are connected in parallel to realize large-current output is solved.

2) Because the double-sided water cooling plate 3 adopts the mirror symmetry design of the upper and lower bottom plates, the power device 1 also adopts the installation and arrangement of the upper and lower bottom plates, the symmetrical design, according to the performance index of the power electronic product, when more power devices are required to be connected in parallel to increase the output current, as long as the power device group is additionally arranged on the double-sided water cooling plate 3 in parallel, the parallel connection is carried out at the inversion output end, and the large current output can be realized.

3) Because 6 groups of power devices are divided into two groups which are respectively positioned in a left side area a and a right side area b, the positive and negative ends of the direct current are connected to the positive and negative ends of the capacitor laminated busbar 20 through the

transition busbars

6a and 6 b; the positive and negative power supplies of the power device 1 arranged on the double-sided water-cooling plate 3 are symmetrically connected through the capacitor laminated busbar 20; the capacitor laminated busbar 20 adopts an overlapping structure, and the positive busbar and the negative busbar are isolated by adopting a high-performance ultrathin insulating material, so that parasitic inductance and parasitic capacitance caused by connection of the busbars and cables are greatly reduced, and the reliability of a product is improved.

4) Each bridge arm (each group of power devices) is connected to a corresponding output terminal 7 through an output bus bar 5 with the same structure, the distance from the output end of each bridge arm to the output interface 7 of the device is completely consistent, the line impedance is consistent, and the problems of inconsistent line impedance, parasitic inductance and parasitic capacitance caused by inconsistent connection distances of other cables and the output bus bars are solved.

5) The positive and negative

power input terminals

8 and 9 are positioned in the middle of the device, the positive electrode of an input power is connected to an external capacitor laminated busbar 20a through a transitional busbar 6a, the negative electrode of the input power is connected to an internal capacitor laminated busbar 20b through a transitional busbar 6b, the positive and negative power is symmetrically connected to positive and negative power ends of the power device 1 arranged on the double-sided water-cooling plate 3 through the laminated busbar 20, the external capacitor laminated busbar 20a is isolated from the internal capacitor laminated busbar 20b through a high-performance ultrathin insulating material, parasitic inductance and parasitic capacitance caused by connection of busbars and cables are greatly reduced, and reliability of products is improved.

6) The

transition busbars

6a and 6b from the positive and negative power input ends to the bus capacitor 2 are arranged in an up-and-down symmetrical manner, so that the complete symmetry of the positive and negative end structures is ensured, and the line impedance is consistent.

7) Because the power devices 1, namely the inversion parts, are symmetrically arranged on the left and right of the positive and negative terminals of the direct current, the number of the power device groups is easy to adjust according to the performance indexes of the power electronic products.

To sum up, the utility model discloses an electric power unit structure has direct current positive and negative symmetry and arranges, and circuit impedance is unanimous, and the complete symmetry of dc-to-ac output load of dc-to-ac converter is arranged, the good effect of electromagnetic compatibility.

The above embodiments are illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can design different embodiments according to their needs. As in the present embodiment, the unit structure of a single 3-phase inverter main circuit is adopted, but a plurality of 3-phase inverter main circuits may be adopted as long as the respective power devices, connectors, and interfaces are arranged in a mirror-image arrangement structure.

Claims

1. A power device unit structure is characterized by comprising a plurality of groups of power devices (1), bus capacitors (2), double-sided water-cooling plates (3), an output bus (5), transition buses (6a, 6b), an output interface (7), a negative power input interface (8), a positive power input interface (9) and a capacitor bus (20),

each output bus bar (5) is arranged in a left-right symmetrical way corresponding to each group of power devices (1),

the bus capacitor (2) is arranged on the capacitor bus bar (20), and two ends of the bus capacitor (2) are respectively connected with the positive end and the negative end of the capacitor bus bar (20).

2. The power device unit structure according to claim 1, wherein the capacitor bus bar (20) is a capacitor laminated bus bar, has a U-shaped structure with a transverse opening, is formed by overlapping an outer capacitor laminated bus bar (20a) and an inner capacitor laminated bus bar (20b), and is isolated by an insulating material, two ends of the U-shaped structure are respectively formed by extending the outer capacitor laminated bus bar (20a) and the inner capacitor laminated bus bar (20b) outwards,

3. A unit structure of an electric power device according to claim 2, characterized in that said output bus bar (5) is composed of two zigzag copper bars (5a, 5b) with the same shape, the two zigzag copper bars are arranged in opposite directions, and the ends close to each other are connected with said output interface (7), and the other ends of said copper bars (5a, 5b) are respectively connected with the output ends of each group of power devices (1).

4. A power unit structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the copper bars (5a, 5b) are connected to the output terminals of the groups of power devices (1) by means of connectors (4).

5. A power unit structure according to claim 1, characterized by comprising said double-sided water-cooled plate (3) having cooling channels (30a, 30b, 30c) formed therein through which cooling water flows.

6. An electric power installation unit structure according to any one of claims 1-5, characterised in that the groups of power devices (1) are any of IGBTs or thyristors, BJTs, GTOs, IGCTs, IEGT, power MOSFETs.