CN211199267U - Converter - Google Patents
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- CN211199267U CN211199267U CN201922266208.9U CN201922266208U CN211199267U CN 211199267 U CN211199267 U CN 211199267U CN 201922266208 U CN201922266208 U CN 201922266208U CN 211199267 U CN211199267 U CN 211199267U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a converter, including the furnace body, the furnace body bottom is equipped with a plurality of bottom blowing holes, and each bottom blowing hole distributes in two bottom blowing circles, and the centre of a circle of two bottom blowing circles all is located the axis of furnace body, and the diameter of one of them bottom blowing circle is 0.48D, and the diameter of another bottom blowing circle is 0.33D, and wherein D is converter bottom diameter. By controlling the flow of each bottom blowing hole, small circulation flow is formed in a converter molten pool in the earlier stage of converter blowing, so that the melting of a flux is promoted, and the dephosphorization in the earlier stage is enhanced; the middle stage of converter blowing can enhance decarburization and reduce metal splashing. And a large loop circulation is formed in a converter molten pool in the later stage of converter blowing so as to shorten the uniformly mixing time of the molten pool. The utility model discloses carry out specific design and strict limitation to converter bottom blow hole quantity and overall arrangement, can make converter molten bath dynamics condition optimization, molten bath mixing time reduces, reduces the blind spot area, also can promote the abundant mixing of slag, improves dephosphorization, the sulphur effect at converter terminal point, improves each item technical index at converter terminal point.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a control system especially relates to a converter.
Background
In recent years, with the surplus of the capacity of the steel market and the gradual improvement of the quality requirement of steel, the yield of molten steel is no longer the demand of the maximization of the profit of a steel mill, the quality of products becomes the key competitive power of the steel mill, the requirement of high-quality steel represented by automobile plates and tin plates on cleanliness is more severe, and the production technology of clean steel becomes a main factor influencing the profit. The various indexes of the converter end point, such as the oxygen content, the phosphorus content, the temperature and the like of the molten steel, are sources for controlling various properties of finished products, particularly the oxygen content of the molten steel is the only basis of the addition amount of the deoxidation alloy, is the main source of inclusions in the molten steel, and is a direct influence factor for determining the stability of the subsequent steelmaking process and the production of high-quality steel.
The converter bottom blowing control has direct influence on various indexes of converter smelting, such as oxygen content, phosphorus content and sulfur content of molten steel. At present, bottom blowing of domestic iron and steel enterprises is controlled in an equivalent mode, and dephosphorization, carbon oxygen deposition and the like of the domestic iron and steel enterprises have great promotion space.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model relates to a converter, which can at least solve part of the defects of the prior art.
The utility model relates to a converter, the induction cooker comprises a cooker bod, the furnace body bottom is equipped with the bottom blowing structure, the bottom blowing structure includes a plurality of bottom blowing holes, each the bottom blowing hole distributes in two bottom blowing circles, and the centre of a circle of two bottom blowing circles all is located the axis of furnace body, and the diameter of one of them bottom blowing circle is 0.48D, and the diameter of another bottom blowing circle is 0.33D, and wherein D is converter bottom diameter.
In one embodiment, 8 bottom blowing holes are equally distributed on the large-diameter bottom blowing circle, and 4 bottom blowing holes are equally distributed on the small-diameter bottom blowing circle.
As one embodiment, the bottom blowing holes on the large-diameter bottom blowing circle are arranged in a staggered manner with respect to the bottom blowing holes on the small-diameter bottom blowing circle.
In one embodiment, each of the bottom blowing holes is supplied with air independently.
In one embodiment, the gas source disposed in each of the bottom blowing holes is an inert gas source.
As one embodiment, a double-ring bottom-blowing element is disposed at each bottom-blowing hole, the double-ring bottom-blowing element includes a central solid tube and two ring tubes coaxially sleeved outside the central solid tube, and a circular seam for flowing bottom-blowing gas is respectively formed between the two ring tubes and between the central solid tube and the inner ring tube.
In one embodiment, the width of the circular seam is in the range of 1 to 2.5 mm.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has at least:
the utility model provides a converter, to revolving furnace bottom blow hole quantity and overall arrangement carry out specific design and strict limitation, according to the molten bath metallurgical process at the converting in-process, according to before the smelting, well, later stage segmentation adjusts each end blow hole flow respectively, make the molten bath form phenomenon such as little circulation or big circulation, can make converter molten bath dynamics condition optimization, molten bath mixing time reduces, reduces the blind spot area, also can promote the abundant mixing of slag, improve dephosphorization, the sulphur effect at converter terminal point, improve each item technical index at converter terminal point.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 and fig. 2 are schematic bottom-blowing hole distribution diagrams of a bottom-blowing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, where fig. 1 and fig. 2 show two different quadrant division manners;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-ring bottom blowing element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described below clearly and completely, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
As fig. 1 and fig. 2, the embodiment of the utility model provides a converter, including furnace body 1, 1 bottom of furnace body is equipped with the bottom blowing structure, the bottom blowing structure includes a plurality of bottom blowing holes 2, each bottom blowing hole 2 distributes in two bottom blowing circles, and the centre of a circle of two bottom blowing circles all is located the axis of furnace body 1, and one of them bottom blowing circle's diameter is 0.48D, and another bottom blowing circle's diameter is 0.33D, and wherein D is converter bottom diameter.
For convenience of description, a bottom blowing circle having a diameter of 0.48D is defined as a large-diameter bottom blowing circle, and a bottom blowing circle having a diameter of 0.33D is defined as a small-diameter bottom blowing circle. It will be appreciated that the two bottom blowing circles are concentric.
Generally, a plurality of bottom blowing holes 2 are distributed on each bottom blowing circle, and the bottom blowing holes 2 on each bottom blowing circle are preferably arranged in equal intervals, namely uniformly spaced, so that the control is convenient.
The bottom blowing structure preferably blows inert gas into the molten pool, that is, the gas sources configured for the bottom blowing holes 2 are all inert gas sources. Among them, it is preferable to blow nitrogen gas before and during the converter smelting and to blow argon gas during the later stage of the converter smelting.
When the converter is smelted, inert gas is blown in through the bottom blowing holes 2, good dynamic conditions can be provided for carbon-oxygen chemical reaction in the converter, chemical components of metal solution in the converter are more uniform, the carbon-oxygen reaction speed is improved, generated carbon monoxide gas overflows a molten pool and enters a converter flue gas recovery pipeline, and the carbon content and the oxygen content at the smelting end point of the converter are reduced, so that carbon-oxygen deposition is reduced. And carbon monoxide bubbles generated by carbon-oxygen reaction form small bubbles in the metal molten pool under the condition of a large amount of inert gas blown into the furnace bottom, and compared with the carbon monoxide gas, the small bubbles are a vacuum environment, provide good thermodynamic conditions for the chemical reaction of carbon and oxygen in the metal liquid around the small bubbles, promote the carbon and the oxygen in the metal liquid to generate the carbon monoxide gas, reduce the carbon content and the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the carbon-oxygen product at the smelting end point of the converter, improving the cleanliness of molten steel at the smelting end point of the converter and providing good raw material conditions for smelting high-quality steel. In addition, when the steel is smelted in the converter, the relative contact area of the steel slag can be increased by blowing the inert gas at the bottom, and the kinetic condition of the chemical reaction between CaO in the steel slag and P in the metal solution is improved; meanwhile, in the process that carbon monoxide gas generated by carbon-oxygen reaction overflows a molten pool, carbon monoxide bubbles can stir the molten pool, the dynamic condition that CaO in the steel slag and P in the metal solution are subjected to chemical reaction is also adopted, and the dephosphorization rate is improved.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, 8 bottom blowing holes 2 are equally distributed on the large-diameter bottom blowing circle, that is, the 8 bottom blowing holes 2 are uniformly and annularly arranged on the large-diameter bottom blowing circle at intervals, and a central angle corresponding to two adjacent bottom blowing holes 2 is 45 °; the small-diameter bottom blowing circle is equally provided with 4 bottom blowing holes 2, namely the 4 bottom blowing holes 2 are uniformly arranged on the small-diameter bottom blowing circle at intervals in a ring mode, and the central angle corresponding to two adjacent bottom blowing holes 2 is 90 degrees. The 8 bottom blowing holes 2 on the large-diameter bottom blowing circle and the 4 bottom blowing holes 2 on the small-diameter bottom blowing circle can be randomly arranged; in one preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, each bottom blowing hole 2 on the large-diameter bottom blowing circle and each bottom blowing hole 2 on the small-diameter bottom blowing circle are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the adjustment of the working mode of the bottom blowing structure is facilitated, the phenomena of small circulation or large circulation and the like in a molten pool can be ensured, and the smelting effect and efficiency of the converter are improved. Each bottom blowing hole 2 on the large-diameter bottom blowing circle is taken as an outer ring bottom blowing hole 2, each bottom blowing hole 2 on the small-diameter bottom blowing circle is taken as an inner ring bottom blowing hole 2, so that understandably, each inner ring bottom blowing hole 2 is positioned between two adjacent outer ring bottom blowing holes 2, namely, the condition that the outer ring bottom blowing holes 2 and the inner ring bottom blowing holes 2 are positioned on the same radial line does not exist, and the central angle corresponding to any two bottom blowing holes 2 is larger than 0 degree; further preferably, each inner ring bottom blowing hole 2 is located on the angle bisection line of the central angles corresponding to the two adjacent outer ring bottom blowing holes 2, so that the control of the flow rate and the air flow distribution of the bottom blowing structure is further facilitated.
Further preferably, each bottom blowing hole 2 supplies air independently, so that the flow and the airflow pressure of each bottom blowing hole 2 can be controlled conveniently, and the stability and the reliability of each working mode of the bottom blowing structure can be ensured. In one embodiment, a bottom-blowing gas supply main pipe may be configured, each bottom-blowing hole 2 is communicated with the bottom-blowing gas supply main pipe through a bottom-blowing branch, 12 bottom-blowing holes 2 correspond to 12 bottom-blowing branches, and an adjusting valve is respectively arranged on each bottom-blowing branch to realize control of the gas supply amount of each bottom-blowing branch. In the embodiment, the air supply flow range of each bottom blowing branch is 0-400 Nm3·h-1Within the range, the air supply requirements of the bottom blowing structure under each working mode can be met.
Further optimizing the above embodiment, generally, the bottom blowing element 21 is disposed at each bottom blowing hole 2, in this embodiment, the bottom blowing element 21 is a double ring type bottom blowing element 21, as shown in fig. 3, the double ring type bottom blowing element 21 includes a central solid tube 211 and two ring tubes 212 coaxially sleeved outside the central solid tube 211, and a circular seam for circulating the bottom blowing gas is respectively formed between the two ring tubes 212 and between the central solid tube 211 and the inner ring tube 212. When the converter is smelted, bottom blowing gas is blown into molten iron in a molten pool of the converter through the bottom blowing element 21, the bottom blowing element 21 is blocked by metal liquid or slag during the converter smelting, and the metal or slag blocked in the bottom blowing element 21 can be flushed away by the pressure of the bottom blowing gas under the general condition, but when the bottom blowing element 21 is used for more than a certain time, the blockage of the bottom blowing element 21 is more serious, and the pressure of the bottom blowing gas cannot be flushed away; in this embodiment, the double circular seam design can ensure that the bottom blowing element 21 still has the function of bottom blowing the inert gas under the condition that one circular seam or a part of the circular seam is blocked, so that the service life of the bottom blowing element 21 can be prolonged. Preferably, the width of the circular seam is within the range of 1-2.5 mm.
For the smelting method of the converter, preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
in the earlier stage of converter blowing, the flow of all 12 bottom blowing holes 2 is controlled to be 150-250 Nm3·h-1In the range, the bottom blowing device is matched with top blowing oxygen gas to form small circulation in a converter molten pool, the molten pool is divided into independent circulation intervals, the bottom blowing flow with medium flow is adopted to realize the small circulation with medium flow, the desiliconization speed of the molten pool can be improved, the flux is promoted to melt, early-stage slag is quickly formed, the dephosphorization time is prolonged, and early-stage dephosphorization can be enhanced. Wherein, the flow rate of each bottom blowing hole 2 is preferably the same, and the flow rate difference is controlled to be 15Nm3·h-1Hereinafter, in the present embodiment, the flow rate of the bottom-blowing holes 2 is preferably set to 200Nm3·h-1Left and right; the flow rate of the top-blown oxygen is preferably 60000Nm3·h-1About 58000 to 63000Nm3·h-1And (4) dynamically adjusting.
For the smelting method of the converter, preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
in the middle stage of converter blowing, the flow of each bottom blowing hole 2 on the large-diameter bottom blowing circle is controlled to be 100-150 Nm3·h-1In the range, the flow of each bottom blowing hole 2 on the small-diameter bottom blowing circle is controlled to be 50-80 Nm3·h-1In order to enhance decarburization and reduce metal splashing. The top-blown gas stream is mainly concentratedIn the middle stage of blowing, at the center of the molten pool, after the temperature of the molten pool rises to a certain value, the decarburization reaction rises to the highest intensity, and the FeO content in the slag is continuously reduced, so that the flowability of the slag is reduced. In one embodiment, the flow rate of each bottom blowing hole 2 on the large-diameter bottom blowing circle is controlled to be 120Nm3·h-1The flow of each bottom blowing hole 2 on the left and right bottom blowing circles with small diameters is controlled to be 50Nm3·h-1Left and right.
For the smelting method of the converter, preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
in the later stage of converter blowing, the flow of 2 bottom blowing holes of 4 in a single quadrant is adjusted to be 350-450 Nm3·h-1In the range, the flow of other 8 bottom blowing holes 2 is controlled to be 50-80 Nm3·h-1In the range, a large loop circulation is formed in a converter molten pool to shorten the uniformly mixing time of the molten pool; for example, the flow rate of 4 bottom blowing holes 2 in a single quadrant is controlled to be 400Nm3·h-1The flow rate of other 8 bottom blowing holes 2 is controlled to be 50Nm3·h-1Left and right. Based on the special arrangement design of the bottom blowing holes 2, compared with the flow control of the bottom blowing holes 2 in other modes (for example, the flow of each bottom blowing hole 2 on one side of the axis of the trunnion is designed to be large, or the flow of the outer ring bottom blowing hole 2 is designed to be large, etc.) by controlling the large flow of 4 bottom blowing holes 2 in a single quadrant and controlling the small flow of other 8 bottom blowing holes 2, the loop circulation obtained by the embodiment is larger, the molten steel uniformity is better, and the erosion of the molten steel to the furnace lining is smaller due to the large-flow bottom blowing of the single quadrant. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the quadrants are divided by 4 inner ring bottom blowing holes 2 on the small diameter bottom blowing circle, and since the central angle corresponding to two adjacent inner ring bottom blowing holes 2 on the small diameter bottom blowing circle is 90 °, 4 inner ring bottom blowing holes on the small diameter bottom blowing circleThe holes 2 are all positioned on the polar axis, two outer ring bottom blowing holes 2 are arranged in each quadrant, and the flow rates of the two outer ring bottom blowing holes 2 in one quadrant Q and the two inner ring bottom blowing holes 2 on the polar axis of the quadrant are set to be 350-450 Nm3·h-1Within the range; in another embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the outer ring bottom blowing holes 2 on the large-diameter bottom blowing circle are divided into quadrants, and then 4 outer ring bottom blowing holes 2 are located on the polar axis among the 8 outer ring bottom blowing holes 2, and one outer ring bottom blowing hole 2 and one inner ring bottom blowing hole 2 are located in each quadrant, and then the flow rates of the outer ring bottom blowing holes 2 and the inner ring bottom blowing holes 2 in one quadrant Q and the two outer ring bottom blowing holes 2 on the polar axis of the quadrant are set to be 350-450 Nm3·h-1Within the range. Wherein, the former kind quadrant divides the mode to be good (namely there are two outer ring bottom blowing holes 2 in a quadrant, there are two inner ring bottom blowing holes 2 on this quadrant polar axis), and the effect that big circulation formed is better, and temperature, composition homogeneity are better in the molten bath, and the dead zone area is eliminated more easily.
According to the converter and the smelting method thereof provided by the embodiment, the number and the layout of the bottom blowing holes 2 of the converter are specially designed and strictly limited, the flow of each bottom blowing hole 2 is respectively adjusted in a segmented manner according to the metallurgical process of a molten pool before, during and after smelting in the blowing process, so that the molten pool forms the phenomena of small circulation or large circulation and the like, the dynamic condition of the molten pool of the converter can be optimized, the mixing time of the molten pool is reduced, the area of a dead zone is reduced, the full mixing of steel slag can be promoted, the dephosphorization and sulfur effects at the end point of the converter are improved, and various technical indexes at the.
Example two
The converter and the smelting method provided by the first embodiment are adopted in the embodiment, and a comparative example is arranged; the steel types of the smelting steels of the examples and the comparative examples are IF steel, various raw materials such as molten iron, scrap steel, lime and the like used in the smelting of the converter are all in the same level, and the results of the process parameter control of the smelting process and the detection of the molten steel at the end point of the converter are shown in the following table.
Table-comparison of production data for different hole numbers
The above examples and comparative examples used the same bottom blowing circle diameter arrangement but different numbers of bottom blowing holes 2. Obviously, in 3 comparative examples, the arrangement of 4 inner ring bottom blowing holes 2+4 outer ring bottom blowing holes 2, 4 inner ring bottom blowing holes 2+6 outer ring bottom blowing holes 2, and 8 inner ring bottom blowing holes 2+8 outer ring bottom blowing holes 2 were adopted. The carbon oxygen volume and the key oxygen content of the molten steel obtained by smelting in the embodiment are obviously lower than those of each proportion.
Comparison of data of different flow control modes of two 12 hole numbers in table
By comparison, the carbon-oxygen content of the molten steel obtained by smelting in the embodiment can reach 15.5 × 10-4The carbon oxygen deposit of the molten steel obtained by the comparative example without adopting the smelting method of the utility model is 20 × 10-4About horizontal.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a converter, includes the furnace body, the furnace body bottom is equipped with the bottom blowing structure, the bottom blowing structure includes a plurality of bottom blowing holes, its characterized in that: each bottom blowing hole is distributed in two bottom blowing circles, the circle centers of the two bottom blowing circles are located on the central axis of the furnace body, the diameter of one bottom blowing circle is 0.48D, the diameter of the other bottom blowing circle is 0.33D, and D is the diameter of the bottom of the converter.
2. The converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: 8 bottom blowing holes are equally distributed on the large-diameter bottom blowing circle, and 4 bottom blowing holes are equally distributed on the small-diameter bottom blowing circle.
3. The converter according to claim 2, characterized in that: and each bottom blowing hole on the large-diameter bottom blowing circle and each bottom blowing hole on the small-diameter bottom blowing circle are arranged in a staggered manner.
4. The converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: and each bottom blowing hole is used for independently supplying air.
5. The converter according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: and the gas source configured for each bottom blowing hole is an inert gas source.
6. The converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a double-ring type bottom blowing element is arranged at each bottom blowing hole and comprises a central solid pipe and two ring pipes coaxially sleeved outside the central solid pipe, and ring seams for bottom blowing gas to circulate are respectively formed between the two ring pipes and between the central solid pipe and the inner ring pipe.
7. The converter according to claim 6, characterized in that: the width of the circular seam is within the range of 1-2.5 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922266208.9U CN211199267U (en) | 2019-12-17 | 2019-12-17 | Converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922266208.9U CN211199267U (en) | 2019-12-17 | 2019-12-17 | Converter |
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| CN211199267U true CN211199267U (en) | 2020-08-07 |
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| CN201922266208.9U Active CN211199267U (en) | 2019-12-17 | 2019-12-17 | Converter |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110846459A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-02-28 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Converter and smelting method thereof |
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- 2019-12-17 CN CN201922266208.9U patent/CN211199267U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110846459A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-02-28 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Converter and smelting method thereof |
| CN110846459B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2023-09-15 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Converter and smelting method thereof |
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