CN211198616U - Defluorinated phosphoric acid production device - Google Patents
Defluorinated phosphoric acid production device Download PDFInfo
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- CN211198616U CN211198616U CN201922272240.8U CN201922272240U CN211198616U CN 211198616 U CN211198616 U CN 211198616U CN 201922272240 U CN201922272240 U CN 201922272240U CN 211198616 U CN211198616 U CN 211198616U
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Abstract
The defluorinated phosphoric acid production device comprises a reaction kettle, an injection pump A, an injection pump B, a gas-liquid separator, an absorption tower and a gas storage washing tower; the gas storage washing tower is connected with the top of the absorption tower and is connected with an inlet of a jet pump A, an outlet of the jet pump A is connected with the reaction kettle, the top of the reaction kettle is connected with an inlet of a jet pump B, an outlet of the jet pump B is connected with a gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is connected with the bottom of the absorption tower; the injection pump A is provided with a liquid pipe with a sulfuric acid valve and a liquid pipe with an acid return valve, which respectively correspond to the sulfuric acid tank and the acid return tank; the upper part of the liquid pipe with the acid return valve is connected with a liquid pipe with a kettle liquid valve, and the liquid pipe with the kettle liquid valve is communicated with the reaction kettle; the injection pump B is provided with a liquid pipe with a crude phosphoric acid valve and is introduced into a crude phosphoric acid tank; a water spray head is arranged in the absorption tower, a liquid pipe is arranged at the lower part of the absorption tower and is introduced into a fluosilicic acid storage tank below the absorption tower; the gas storage washing tower is internally provided with a spray head, the lower part of the gas storage washing tower is provided with a gas collection liquid discharge valve, the upper end of the gas collection liquid discharge valve is connected with a floating head device, the lower end of the gas collection liquid discharge valve is communicated with a washing liquid pool, a pump is arranged outside the washing liquid pool, and the outlet of the pump is connected with the spray head.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to fluorine resource utilization field especially relates to a defluorinated phosphoric acid apparatus for producing.
Background
Fluorine is an extremely reactive element and is known as "recalcitrant chemical". However, once combined with other elements, fluorine becomes a compound having "high safety" properties that is resistant to heat and difficult to attack by drugs and solvents, the compound is chemically stable, and fluorine has strong non-metallic properties. Fluorine only appears in the form of minerals, and the main fluorine-containing minerals in industry are fluorite and fluorapatite. Fluorite has the chemical formula of (CaF2), has various colors, is distributed in large quantities around the world, and is a main source of fluorine; the exploitation of fluorite ore is the biggest source of global fluorine, and the reserves of fluorite ore in China are gradually reduced due to long-term exploitation, which means that the problem of resource shortage of fluorite ore must be considered. The resource reserve of phosphorus ore associated with fluorine in China is 13.67-16.71 times of the reserve of fluorite which has been proved in China, the quantity of the phosphorus ore mined every year reaches 5000 million tons, the associated fluorine is 150 million tons, most of the phosphorus ore is not recycled, the loss of the fluorine is far greater than the total quantity of the fluorine in the fluorite demand in China in the current year, the phosphorus ore and the fluorite are non-renewable resources, and the effective utilization of the fluorine resource is a necessary choice for continuously developing fluorine chemical industry. The fluorine phosphorus ore is mainly used for producing phosphoric acid, a large amount of fluorine-containing gas is generated in the process of producing the phosphoric acid by using the phosphorus ore, the most common method at present is to absorb the fluorine-containing gas by using water to generate fluosilicic acid, then the fluosilicic acid is used for producing other products, and the associated fluorine resource of the phosphorus ore is recovered.
However, there is data that indicates: about 2% of fluorine enters phosphoric acid and phosphogypsum in the process of generating phosphate fertilizer by reacting the phosphate pulp and sulfuric acid. Therefore, we are currently faced with a new problem of how to reduce the ingress of fluorine or other compounds of fluorine into phosphoric acid and phosphogypsum during the production of phosphate fertilizers, thereby achieving the recycling of fluorine mostly in the form of fluosilicic acid.
In the process of producing phosphate fertilizer by reacting phosphate pulp with sulfuric acid, the escaped fluorine-containing waste gas is absorbed to obtain fluosilicic acid, and then the fluosilicic acid is further processed into sodium fluosilicate. The utilization rate of fluorine in the existing process is only 0.8%, and about 2% of fluorine resources enter phosphoric acid and phosphogypsum.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a defluorinated phosphoric acid apparatus for producing in order to reduce the fluorine content in the ardealite, improve the escape rate of fluorine to further improve the rate of recovery of fluorine.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the defluorinated phosphoric acid production device comprises a reaction kettle, an injection pump A, an injection pump B, a gas-liquid separator, an absorption tower and a gas storage washing tower;
the top of the gas storage washing tower is connected with the top of the absorption tower through a pipeline and is connected with an inlet of a jet pump A, an outlet of the jet pump A is connected with the side wall of the upper part of the reaction kettle through a pipeline, the top of the reaction kettle is connected with an inlet of a jet pump B through a pipeline, an outlet of the jet pump B is connected with a gas-liquid separator through a pipeline, and the top of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the bottom of the absorption tower through a pipeline;
the injection pump A is provided with a liquid pipe with a sulfuric acid valve and a liquid pipe with an acid return valve, and the liquid pipes are respectively and correspondingly introduced into a sulfuric acid tank and an acid return tank which are arranged below the injection pump A;
the upper part of the acid return valve with the acid return valve liquid pipe is connected with a liquid pipe with a kettle liquid valve, and the other end of the liquid pipe with the kettle liquid valve is communicated with the side wall of the reaction kettle;
the jet pump B is provided with a liquid pipe with a crude phosphoric acid valve and is introduced into a crude phosphoric acid tank arranged below the gas-liquid separator;
a water spray head is arranged at the top in the absorption tower, a liquid pipe is arranged at the lower part outside the absorption tower, and the liquid pipe is introduced into a fluosilicic acid storage tank arranged below the liquid pipe;
the top is provided with a plurality of shower nozzles in the gas storage scrubbing tower, and the outer lower part of gas storage scrubbing tower is provided with the gas collection flowing back valve, and the gas collection flowing back valve upper end links to each other with the floating head device that sets up in the gas storage scrubbing tower, and the lower extreme lets in the lotion pond of setting in gas storage scrubbing tower below, the lotion pond is provided with the pump outward, pump entry passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the lotion pond, and the export passes through the pipeline and links to each other with a plurality of shower nozzles at the top in the gas storage scrubbing tower.
Furthermore, the floating head device comprises a floating head, a floater and a hose, wherein the floating head is in a bottle shape, the opening of the floating head is downward, the floater is arranged on the floating head to provide buoyancy for the floating head, and the hose is inserted into the floating head from the opening of the floating head and is connected with the opening in a non-sealing mode.
Furthermore, the upper part outside the gas storage washing tower is also provided with a tail gas valve, an emptying valve and a detection valve, and the lower part outside the gas storage washing tower is also provided with a liquid discharge valve.
Further, the bottom of the gas-liquid separator is provided with a defluorination phosphoric acid valve.
Furthermore, a discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the reaction kettle, and a stirrer with a shaft liquid seal is arranged in the reaction kettle.
Further, the absorption tower is a packed tower.
The utility model has the advantages that: practice proves that: the sulfuric acid reacts with the surface of the fluorine-containing liquid to facilitate the evolution of fluoride. In the production process, if sulfuric acid is injected into the bottom of the reaction kettle, the escape of fluorine is almost zero; if sulfuric acid is dripped on the liquid surface of the reaction kettle, the fluorine escape rate can reach 0.8 percent. The method is characterized in that the sulfuric acid is locally reacted and overheated at the bottom of the kettle, and fluoride is dissolved in a reaction liquid in the rising process of generated steam; the sulfuric acid is locally superheated at the liquid surface and the generated vapor rapidly leaves the liquid surface, wherein the fluoride has no time to dissolve in the liquid and is carried away from the liquid surface by the vapor. In the jet pump A, three fluids are mixed, so that the surface reaction area is greatly increased, the sulfuric acid reacts with fluorine-containing liquid drops to generate heat, the generated steam hardly contacts with the liquid, and the fluorine escape rate is greatly improved;
the mixed fluid of gas, returned acid and sulfuric acid is sprayed on the liquid level of the reaction kettle, so that the gas-liquid separation is realized, and the surface reaction is increased;
in the jet pump B, fluorine-containing liquid is mixed with hot steam, heat transfer and mass transfer actions occur between gas and liquid phases, liquid drops are heated by the steam, and volatile component fluoride is preferentially gasified and enters a gas phase; condensing the steam, and condensing the water which is easy to condense to form liquid drops;
in the gas-liquid separator, the sectional area of a flow channel is increased, the flow speed is reduced, liquid drops are settled, and gas-liquid separation is realized;
in the absorption tower, the sprayed liquid drops are in reverse contact with the rising steam, the liquid drops are dissolved into the soluble gas fluoride continuously in the descending process, and the fluorine content is gradually increased; the fluorine content of the gas is gradually reduced in the rising process;
the bottom acid in the reaction kettle is generally phosphoric acid generated by the reaction of sulfuric acid and ore pulp, and also contains produced fluoride with low boiling point, and the bottom acid directly enters a gas phase before the fluoride is combined with substances in the reaction liquid and is quickly taken out of the liquid surface by the gas, so that the escape rate of fluorine is improved, the fluorine content of products such as phosphoric acid and phosphoric acid is reduced, and the quality is improved; the fluorine content of the phosphogypsum is reduced, the pollution is reduced, the availability is improved, the shaft mechanical packing seal which is easy to cause leakage is changed into shaft liquid seal, and the amount of air permeating into a reaction system under micro negative pressure is greatly reduced; the reaction mainly generates easily soluble and condensable gases such as silicon tetrafluoride, hydrogen fluoride, water vapor and the like, and the residual quantity after water leaching is little, so that the tail gas can be completely collected by a container. In the gas storage washing tower, the residual easy-to-dissolve and easy-to-condense gas can be removed by further washing, cooling and cleaning. The tail gas is discharged after reaching the standard through detection, so that the recovery rate of fluorine is further improved, and the tail gas pollution is eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a defluorinated phosphoric acid production device of the present invention;
in the figure: 1 communicating pipe, 2 stirrers, 3 fluosilicic acid storage tanks, 4 reaction kettles, 5-axis liquid seals, 6 discharge valves, 7 kettle liquid valves, 8 jet pumps B, 9 acid return valves, 10 acid return tanks, 11 fillers, 12 water spray heads, 13 absorption towers, 14 liquid pipes, 15 jet pumps A, 16 circulating valves, 17 spray heads, 18 emptying valves, 19 detection valves, 20 floating heads, 21 floats, 22 hoses, 23 liquid discharge valves, 24 pumps, 25 gas storage washing towers, 26 gas collection liquid discharge valves, 27 liquid washing pools, 28 tower covers, 29 tail gas valves, 30 sulfuric acid tanks, 31 sulfuric acid valves, 32 crude phosphoric acid tanks, 33 crude phosphoric acid valves, 34 gas-liquid separators, 35 defluorinated phosphoric acid valves and 36 gas pipes.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1, the apparatus for producing medium defluorinated phosphoric acid of the present invention comprises a reaction kettle 4, a jet pump a15, a jet pump B8, a gas-liquid separator 34, an absorption tower 13 and a gas storage washing tower;
the top of the gas storage washing tower is connected with the top of the absorption tower 13 through a pipeline and is connected with an inlet of a jet pump A15, wherein a tail gas valve is arranged on the pipeline connected with the top of the gas storage washing tower, and a circulating valve 16 is arranged on the pipeline connected with the inlet of a jet pump A15. The outlet of the jet pump A15 is connected with the side wall of the upper part of the reaction kettle 4 through a pipeline, the top of the reaction kettle 4 is connected with the inlet of a jet pump B8 through a communicating pipe 1, the outlet of the jet pump B8 is connected with a gas-liquid separator 34 through a pipeline, and the top of the gas-liquid separator 34 is connected with the bottom of the absorption tower 13 through a pipeline.
The jet pump A15 is provided with a liquid pipe with a sulfuric acid valve and a liquid pipe with an acid return valve, which are respectively and correspondingly communicated with a sulfuric acid tank 30 and an acid return tank 10 arranged below the jet pump A15.
The upper part of the acid return valve with the acid return valve liquid pipe is connected with a liquid pipe with a kettle liquid valve, and the other end of the liquid pipe with the kettle liquid valve is communicated with the side wall of the reaction kettle 4.
The ejector pump B8 is provided with a valve liquid pipe with crude phosphoric acid and opens into the crude phosphoric acid tank 32 disposed below the gas-liquid separator 34.
The top in the absorption tower 13 is provided with a water spray head 12, and the lower part outside the absorption tower 13 is provided with a liquid pipe and is introduced into a fluosilicic acid storage tank 3 arranged below the liquid pipe.
The top is provided with a plurality of shower nozzles in the gas storage scrubbing tower, and the outer lower part of gas storage scrubbing tower is provided with gas collection flowing back valve 26, and gas collection flowing back valve 26 upper end links to each other with the floating head device of setting in the gas storage scrubbing tower, and the lower extreme lets in the lotion pond of setting in gas storage scrubbing tower below, the lotion pond is provided with the pump outward, pump entry passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the lotion pond, and the export passes through the pipeline and links to each other with a plurality of shower nozzles at the top in the gas storage scrubbing tower. The floating head device comprises a floating head, a floater and a hose, wherein the floating head is in a bottle shape, the opening of the floating head is downward, the floater is arranged on the floating head to provide buoyancy for the floating head, and the hose is inserted into the floating head from the opening of the floating head and is connected with the opening in a non-sealing mode.
Furthermore, the upper part outside the gas storage washing tower is also provided with a tail gas valve, an emptying valve 18 and a detection valve 19, and the lower part outside the gas storage washing tower is also provided with a liquid discharge valve.
Further, a defluorination phosphoric acid valve is arranged at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 34.
Further, the bottom of the reaction kettle 4 is provided with a discharge valve 6 for discharging materials in the reaction kettle 4, and the stirrer 2 with a shaft liquid seal 5 is arranged in the reaction kettle to prevent leakage.
Further, the absorption tower 13 is a packed tower.
The production process of the utility model is to divide the fluorine-containing phosphoric acid produced by wet-process phosphoric acid into two parts, one part is returned to the phosphoric acid production reaction kettle to react with the phosphate rock slurry, which is called acid return, and the other part is used as a crude product, which is called crude phosphoric acid; connecting the jet pump A, the reaction kettle, the jet pump B, the gas-liquid separator and the absorption tower in sequence by using pipelines to form a circulating closed pipeline system and controlling the system to be in a micro-negative pressure state; the jet pump A, B makes the gas in the system circulate at high speed, the vacuum generated by the jet pump firstly sucks the return acid and the sulfuric acid into the vacuum chamber to be fully mixed with the gas flow, then sucks the reaction liquid and the sulfuric acid in the reaction kettle into the vacuum chamber to be fully mixed with the gas flow and then uniformly sprays the mixture on the liquid level of the reaction kettle; vacuum generated by the jet pump B is used for sucking crude phosphoric acid into a vacuum cavity, fully mixing the crude phosphoric acid with low-fluorine-containing hot steam emitted from the reaction kettle, feeding the mixture into a gas-liquid separator, introducing liquid led out from the gas-liquid separator into a refined product, namely defluorinated phosphoric acid, feeding gas to the bottom of an absorption tower, and introducing defluorinated tail gas led out from the top of the absorption tower into the jet pump A for circulating flow; and spraying washing liquid from the top of the absorption tower, and leading out fluorosilicic acid liquid from the bottom.
The method comprises the following operation steps: (1) respectively adding sulfuric acid, acid returning, ore pulp and a crude product into a sulfuric acid tank 30, an acid returning tank 10, a reaction kettle 4 and a crude phosphoric acid tank 32, and stirring;
(2) under the condition of micro-negative pressure gas collection, enabling gas on the liquid surfaces of the absorption tower 13 and the reaction kettle 4 in the reaction system to circularly flow at a high speed, spraying the gas to generate vacuum, returning acid, sucking kettle liquid and sulfuric acid into a vacuum cavity, fully mixing with gas flow, and uniformly spraying the mixture on the liquid surface of the reaction kettle 4; using the vacuum generated by the injection of low-fluorine-containing hot steam emitted from the reaction kettle 4 to suck the crude phosphoric acid into a vacuum cavity to be fully mixed with the hot steam, and carrying out gas-liquid separation to obtain a defluorinated phosphoric acid product, wherein the gas enters the absorption tower 13 from the bottom, the rising gas in the absorption tower 13 is leached by water for defluorination, and the tail gas coming out of the top of the absorption tower 13 circularly flows;
(4) stopping high-speed gas circulation and leaching after the addition of the sulfuric acid is finished, and stopping stirring when the reaction is ended;
(5) and under the micro negative pressure, introducing the tail gas into a gas storage washing tower for further washing by using a washing liquid, and purifying to reach the standard for emission.
Claims (6)
1. Defluorinated phosphoric acid production device, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a reaction kettle, an injection pump A, an injection pump B, a gas-liquid separator, an absorption tower and a gas storage washing tower;
the top of the gas storage washing tower is connected with the top of the absorption tower through a pipeline and is connected with an inlet of a jet pump A, an outlet of the jet pump A is connected with the side wall of the upper part of the reaction kettle through a pipeline, the top of the reaction kettle is connected with an inlet of a jet pump B through a pipeline, an outlet of the jet pump B is connected with a gas-liquid separator through a pipeline, and the top of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the bottom of the absorption tower through a pipeline;
the injection pump A is provided with a liquid pipe with a sulfuric acid valve and a liquid pipe with an acid return valve, and the liquid pipes are respectively and correspondingly introduced into a sulfuric acid tank and an acid return tank which are arranged below the injection pump A;
the upper part of the acid return valve with the acid return valve liquid pipe is connected with a liquid pipe with a kettle liquid valve, and the other end of the liquid pipe with the kettle liquid valve is communicated with the side wall of the reaction kettle;
the jet pump B is provided with a liquid pipe with a crude phosphoric acid valve and is introduced into a crude phosphoric acid tank arranged below the gas-liquid separator;
a water spray head is arranged at the top in the absorption tower, a liquid pipe is arranged at the lower part outside the absorption tower, and the liquid pipe is introduced into a fluosilicic acid storage tank arranged below the liquid pipe;
the top is provided with a plurality of shower nozzles in the gas storage scrubbing tower, and the outer lower part of gas storage scrubbing tower is provided with the gas collection flowing back valve, and the gas collection flowing back valve upper end links to each other with the floating head device that sets up in the gas storage scrubbing tower, and the lower extreme lets in the lotion pond of setting in gas storage scrubbing tower below, the lotion pond is provided with the pump outward, pump entry passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the lotion pond, and the export passes through the pipeline and links to each other with a plurality of shower nozzles at the top in the gas storage scrubbing tower.
2. The apparatus for producing defluorinated phosphoric acid according to claim 1, wherein: the floating head device comprises a floating head, a floater and a hose, wherein the floating head is in a bottle shape, the opening of the floating head is downward, the floater is arranged on the floating head to provide buoyancy for the floating head, and the hose is inserted into the floating head from the opening of the floating head and is connected with the opening in a non-sealing mode.
3. The apparatus for producing defluorinated phosphoric acid according to claim 1, wherein: the upper part outside the gas storage washing tower is also provided with a tail gas valve, an emptying valve and a detection valve, and the lower part outside the gas storage washing tower is also provided with a liquid discharge valve.
4. The apparatus for producing defluorinated phosphoric acid according to claim 1, wherein: and a defluorinated phosphoric acid valve is arranged at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator.
5. The apparatus for producing defluorinated phosphoric acid according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the reaction kettle is provided with a discharge valve, and a stirrer with a shaft liquid seal is arranged in the reaction kettle.
6. The apparatus for producing defluorinated phosphoric acid according to claim 1, wherein: the absorption tower is a packed tower.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922272240.8U CN211198616U (en) | 2019-12-17 | 2019-12-17 | Defluorinated phosphoric acid production device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922272240.8U CN211198616U (en) | 2019-12-17 | 2019-12-17 | Defluorinated phosphoric acid production device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN211198616U true CN211198616U (en) | 2020-08-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922272240.8U Expired - Fee Related CN211198616U (en) | 2019-12-17 | 2019-12-17 | Defluorinated phosphoric acid production device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN211198616U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110980674A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 黄冈师范学院 | Defluorinated phosphoric acid production process and apparatus |
-
2019
- 2019-12-17 CN CN201922272240.8U patent/CN211198616U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110980674A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 黄冈师范学院 | Defluorinated phosphoric acid production process and apparatus |
| CN110980674B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2024-03-08 | 黄冈师范学院 | Defluorinated phosphoric acid production process and device |
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