CN211190134U

CN211190134U - Reactor

Info

Publication number: CN211190134U
Application number: CN201922131668.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王宁; 蒋群; 陈辉; 赵振东; 王开朋; 王琪
Original assignee: Jiangnan Boilers & Pressure Vessels Zhangjiagang Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Jiangguo Intelligent Equipment Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-12-03
Filing date: 2019-12-03
Publication date: 2020-08-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-03

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reactor, include the supreme feeding unit that sets gradually down, reaction unit, ejection of compact unit, locate the first tube sheet between reaction unit and the ejection of compact unit, reaction unit includes that the both ends are linked together with feeding unit and ejection of compact unit respectively and be used for letting in the reaction channel who leads to out the reactant, and the face undercut of first tube sheet forms the curved surface form, and the reactor still includes that one end is inserted and is located the sunken center of first tube sheet and is linked together with ejection of compact unit, the fluid-discharge tube of reactor is worn out to the other end. The utility model discloses a reactor, through setting up the first tube sheet of curved surface form, the face undercut of this first tube sheet to locate the intercommunication fluid-discharge tube at sunken center, make the condensation hydrops that drops on first tube sheet can flow to sunken center along the curved surface, and arrange to the reactor outside through the fluid-discharge tube, the effectual tube sheet hydrops of having avoided leads to the welding seam between tube sheet and the heat exchange tube to be corroded, has prolonged the life of equipment.

Description

Reactor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a reactor.

Background

The reactor is a key process device in the chemical industry. In basic chemical engineering or fine chemical engineering, most of the technological processes have a step of synthesis reaction, and the core of the synthesis reaction is a reactor.

After industrialization, the production capacity is increased, the device is enlarged, the diameter of the reactor is large, and due to the complex main reaction process of chemical synthesis and numerous chemical reaction substances, part of the reaction substances can generate side reactions during the initial starting or stopping of the automobile to generate corrosive reaction products, and the reaction products can be condensed and fall on the tube plate to form accumulated liquid during discharging. As shown in fig. 1, in the existing reactor, a tube plate (100) is flat, the accumulated liquid is difficult to discharge due to the flat tube plate (100), and the accumulated liquid is remained at the outlet of the reactor, especially at a tube bridge of the tube plate, and cannot be completely discharged, so that electrochemical corrosion is formed, a weld joint between a heat exchange tube (101) and the tube plate (100) is continuously corroded, the service life of equipment is seriously influenced, the replacement cycle of the reactor is very short, and the replacement is even carried out one year under severe working conditions, so that the investment cost is increased, and the production and operation of enterprises are not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at overcoming the not enough of prior art, providing a reactor, this reactor can effectually be discharged with the hydrops on the tube sheet, avoids the tube sheet hydrops to lead to corroding the welding seam between tube sheet and the heat exchange tube, the effectual life who prolongs equipment.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model provides a reactor, includes from supreme feeding unit, reaction unit, the ejection of compact unit that sets gradually down, locates the reaction unit with first tube sheet between the ejection of compact unit, the reaction unit include both ends respectively with the feeding unit with what ejection of compact unit was linked together is used for letting in the reaction channel who leads to out the reactant, the face undercut of first tube sheet forms the curved surface form, the reactor still includes one end and inserts and locates the sunken center of first tube sheet and with ejection of compact unit is linked together, the other end is worn out the fluid-discharge tube of reactor.

Preferably, the reactor further comprises a blowing assembly suspended above the first tube plate and used for blowing air to the first tube plate, and the blowing assembly is communicated with an external air source.

Preferably, the reaction unit comprises a shell arranged between the feeding unit and the discharging unit, a heat medium inlet and a heat medium outlet arranged on the shell, and a plurality of baffle plates arranged in the shell in sequence along the vertical direction, and the reaction channel can sequentially penetrate through the plurality of baffle plates.

Further preferably, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the baffle plate, a plurality of reaction channels are formed in the baffle plate, and the reaction channels can be correspondingly arranged in the mounting holes in a penetrating mode one by one.

Still further preferably, the reaction unit further comprises a plurality of heating medium passages provided in a radial direction of the baffle plate for flowing a heating medium, the plurality of heating medium passages intersecting at a center of the baffle plate.

Still further preferably, the heat medium channels divide the baffle plate into a plurality of fan-shaped reaction zones, and a plurality of the installation holes are uniformly arranged in each reaction zone.

Further preferably, the reaction unit further comprises a plurality of partition ribs which extend along the radial direction of the baffle plate and are arranged on the baffle plate in a staggered manner.

Further preferably, the reaction unit further includes at least two guide cylinders arranged in sequence along the vertical direction and surrounding the outer side of the shell, a plurality of circulation ports arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction of the shell, wherein the guide cylinders are used for the heat medium between the shell and the guide cylinders are used for flowing between the shell, and the heat medium inlet and the heat medium outlet are respectively arranged on the two guide cylinders.

Still further preferably, the aperture of the circulation port is gradually increased in a direction away from the heat medium inlet or the heat medium outlet.

Still further preferably, a distance between each two of the circulation ports is gradually decreased in a direction away from the heating medium inlet or the heating medium outlet.

Because of above-mentioned technical scheme's application, compared with the prior art, the utility model have the following advantage: the utility model discloses a reactor, through setting up the first tube sheet of curved surface form, the face undercut of this first tube sheet to locate the intercommunication fluid-discharge tube at sunken center, make the condensation hydrops that drops on first tube sheet can flow to sunken center along the curved surface, and arrange to the reactor outside through the fluid-discharge tube, the effectual tube sheet hydrops of having avoided leads to the welding seam between tube sheet and the heat exchange tube to be corroded, has prolonged the life of equipment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a reactor in the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reactor in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic surface structure diagram of a baffle plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic surface structure of a reaction zone in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an expanded surface of a draft tube extending from a media inlet and outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the heat medium flow principle in the reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. a first tube sheet; 2. a reaction channel; 3. a liquid discharge pipe; 4. a blowing assembly; 5. a housing; 6. a heating medium inlet; 7. a heating medium outlet; 8. a baffle plate; 81. mounting holes; 9. a heat medium passage; 10. a reaction zone; 11. separating ribs; 12. a draft tube; 13. a flow port; 14. a second tube sheet; 15. a lower pipe box; 16. a reactant inlet; 17. an upper pipe box; 18. a reactant outlet; 19. a pressure gauge port;

100. a tube sheet; 101. a heat exchange tube.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The utility model discloses a reactor, as shown in figure 2, which comprises a feeding unit, a reaction unit, a discharging unit, a first tube plate 1 arranged between the reaction unit and the discharging unit, and a second tube plate 14 arranged between the feeding unit and the reaction unit, which are arranged from bottom to top in sequence; the feeding unit comprises a lower tube box 15 and a reactant inlet 16 arranged on the lower tube box 15, and the discharging unit comprises an upper tube box 17 and a reactant outlet 18 arranged on the upper tube box 17; the reaction unit includes that both ends are linked together respectively with feed unit and discharge unit be used for letting in the reaction channel 2 who leads to out the reactant, locate casing 5 between feed unit and the discharge unit, set up heat medium import 6 and heat medium export 7 on casing 5, locate polylith baffling board 8 in casing 5 in proper order along vertical direction, reaction channel 2 can pass polylith baffling board 8 in proper order, and weld respectively on first tube sheet 1 and second tube sheet 14 at 2 both ends of reaction channel. Wherein, the upper pipe box 17 and the lower pipe box 15 are both provided with pressure gauge ports 19 for inserting pressure instruments to measure the pressure inside the reactor; a plurality of mounting holes 81 are formed in the baffle plate 8, a plurality of reaction channels 2 are arranged, and the reaction channels 2 can be arranged in the mounting holes 81 in a one-to-one correspondence mode.

Here, the reaction channel 2 is a heat exchange tube, which is a tube pass of the above reactor and is communicated with the upper tube box 17 and the lower tube box 15, and the heat exchange tube is filled with a catalyst for reaction, and the type of the catalyst is flexibly selected according to different reactions; the shell 5 is the shell pass of the reactor; the heat medium inlet 6 is positioned above the heat medium outlet 7, and the input and output heat media in the heat medium inlet 6 and the heat medium outlet 7 are heat-conducting media for heat exchange, comprise heat-conducting oil, lava and the like, and are flexibly selected according to factors such as the types of reactants, the reaction temperature and the like.

When in operation, reactants are input from the reactant inlet 16 and enter the heat exchange tube and flow upwards; meanwhile, heat medium is input from the heat medium inlet 6 and flows downwards in the shell pass, and in the flowing process, the heat medium continuously flushes the heat exchange tube under the action of the baffle plate 8 and then flows out from the heat medium outlet 7; and continuously exchanging heat with a heating medium for flushing the heat exchange pipe in the process that the reactant flows upwards, reacting with the catalyst, and outputting reactant gas obtained after the reaction from a reactant outlet 18 to finish the whole reaction process.

Preferably, referring to fig. 2, the plate surface of the first tube plate 1 is recessed downward to form a curved surface, and the reactor further includes a drain pipe 3 having one end inserted into the center of the recess of the first tube plate 1 and connected to the discharging unit and the other end penetrating out of the reactor. The liquid discharge pipe 3 is communicated with a separation device outside the reactor, the separation device is a conventional flash tank in the prior art, and the detailed structure is not described.

Through setting up curved surface's first tube sheet 1, this first tube sheet 1's face undercut to at sunken center department intercommunication fluid-discharge tube 3, make the condensation hydrops that drop on first tube sheet 1 can flow to sunken center along the curved surface, and arrange to the reactor outside through fluid-discharge tube 3, get into separator separation utilization afterwards, the effectual tube sheet hydrops of having avoided leads to the welding seam between tube sheet and the heat exchange tube to corrode, the life of equipment has been prolonged, the life-span of messenger's reactor prolongs 2-3 times. Meanwhile, the curved surface-shaped first tube plate 1 can absorb certain temperature difference stress by utilizing the curved surface of the first tube plate when the pressure of the shell side of the reactor is lower, so that the axial stress of the tube plate and a welding line of the heat exchange tube is reduced, the stress of a tube head is reduced, and the stress corrosion is greatly relieved. Here, the degree of the depression of the curved first tube sheet 1 is flexibly selected according to the fluidity of the liquid to be accumulated in the reaction product. Specifically, the first tube plate 1 can be formed by spinning, cold stamping or hot pressing, the periphery of the first tube plate is machined by plasma cutting or flame cutting, the diameter range of the tube plate is 300-5000mm, and the thickness range of the tube plate is 4-200 mm. The tube plate can be a plate or a forged piece. The tube plate material can be carbon steel, low alloy steel, austenitic stainless steel, titanium material, copper-iron alloy and the like.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, it is more preferable that the reactor further comprises a blowing assembly 4 suspended above the first tube plate 1 for blowing gas into the first tube plate 1, and the blowing assembly 4 is communicated with an external gas source. The blowing component 4 is provided with a plurality of blowing components arranged along the circumferential direction of the reactor, the blowing components comprise a pipe body and a plurality of nozzles arranged on the pipe body, an external air source is a device capable of introducing compressed air in the prior art, and the specific structure is not repeated. Through blowing into compressed air in the subassembly 4 and blowing out on to first tube sheet 1, the condensation hydrops' on the promotion first tube sheet 1 that can be further flow and discharge, better avoid the tube sheet hydrops.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the above-mentioned reaction unit further comprises a plurality of heat medium passages 9 for flowing a heat medium disposed in a radial direction of the baffle plate 8, the plurality of heat medium passages 9 intersecting at the center of the baffle plate 8. And a plurality of heat medium channels 9 divide the baffle plate 8 into a plurality of fan-shaped reaction zones 10, and a plurality of mounting holes 81 are uniformly arranged in each reaction zone 10. Here, through setting up many heat medium passageways 9, opened up the route that the heat medium flows to baffling board 8 center for when the heat medium flows on baffling board 8, can wash the heat exchange tube in 8 week sides of baffling board and center simultaneously, eliminated the heat transfer dead zone, improved heat transfer area about 10-20%, improved the homogeneity of reactor internal flow field, thereby guaranteed that the temperature field in the reactor is even, improved the main reaction rate. The baffle plate 8 can be processed by numerical control by using a plate or by laser cutting, the thickness range is 4-30mm, the diameter range is 300-5000mm, and the material can be carbon steel, low alloy steel, austenitic stainless steel, titanium material, copper-iron alloy and the like.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the reaction unit further includes a plurality of ribs 11 extending along the radial direction of the baffle plate 8 and disposed on the baffle plate 8 in a staggered manner. Through the arrangement of the plurality of the separation ribs 11, when a heating medium flows on the baffle plate 8, the heating medium can be overturned under the separation effect of the separation ribs 11 when passing through the separation ribs 11, the flowing state of the fluid is continuously changed, the thickness of a laminar flow layer on the surface of the heat exchange tube is reduced, the thermal resistance of the outer surface of the heat exchange tube is reduced, the heat transfer is enhanced, and the heat transfer coefficient is improved.

As shown in fig. 2, the reaction unit further includes at least two guide cylinders 12 arranged in sequence along the vertical direction and surrounding the outer peripheral side of the shell 5, and a plurality of flow ports 13 sequentially arranged between the guide cylinders 12 and the shell 5 along the circumferential direction of the shell 5 and used for allowing the heat medium to flow between the guide cylinders 12 and the shell 5, wherein the heat medium inlet 6 and the heat medium outlet 7 are respectively arranged on the two guide cylinders 12.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the aperture of the circulation port 13 is gradually increased in a direction away from the heat medium inlet 6 or the heat medium outlet 7. Meanwhile, the distance between each two circulation ports 13 is gradually decreased in a direction away from the heat medium inlet 6 or the heat medium outlet 7. Here, according to the principle of resistance equal flow rate sharing, the resistance generated by the distance is designed and calculated by determining the distance between the heat medium inlet 6 or the heat medium outlet 7 and the flow ports 13, and the size and the number of the flow ports 13 are determined according to the resistance, so as to ensure that the flow rate of the fluid entering the shell 5 through the flow ports 13 is the same as the flow rate of the fluid when the fluid is output from the shell 5, ensure the uniformity of the flow of the heat medium, and control the temperature field in the reactor to be uniform. The flow port 13 can be calculated and simulated by resistance according to the length and shape of the annular guide cylinder 12 and the diameter of the reactor, the shape resistance coefficient of the heat exchange tube and the baffle plate in the middle is covered from the inlet to the outlet, the flow field of the reactor is analyzed, the size of the opening is determined, the combination of flowing liquid and a temperature field is ensured, and the condition of the reactor is ensured. The arrangement controls the temperature field in the reactor within the range of +/-2.5 ℃, improves the uniformity of the temperature field and can improve the main reaction efficiency by 15-20 percent.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the size and number of the circulation ports 13 and the arrangement of the baffle plates 8 with the heat medium channels 9 are designed, so that the heat medium can flow uniformly, the uniformity of heat exchange is effectively ensured, and the reaction is ensured.

The following specifically explains the working process of this embodiment: when in operation, reactants are input from the reactant inlet 16 and enter the heat exchange tube and flow upwards; meanwhile, heat medium is input from a heat medium inlet 6, enters a guide cylinder 12 and enters the shell 5 from a flow port 13, then flows downwards in the shell pass, and in the flowing process, the heat medium uniformly scours the heat exchange tubes through a heat medium channel 9 under the action of a baffle plate 8 and is output from a heat medium outlet 7; continuously exchanging heat with a heating medium for flushing the heat exchange pipe in the process that the reactant flows upwards, reacting with the catalyst, and outputting reactant gas obtained after the reaction from a reactant outlet 18 to finish the whole reaction process;

when the reactant gas is output, the condensed effusion falling on the first tube plate 1 flows to the center of the curved surface and is discharged from the liquid discharge tube 3; and meanwhile, the blowing device 4 is periodically started to assist in discharging accumulated liquid.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable people skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention, which cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a reactor, includes from the lower supreme feed unit, the reaction unit, the discharge unit that set gradually, locates the reaction unit with first tube sheet (1) between the discharge unit, the reaction unit include both ends respectively with the feed unit with what the discharge unit was linked together is used for letting in and leads to reaction channel (2) of reactant, its characterized in that: the reactor is characterized in that the surface of the first tube plate (1) is downwards sunken to form a curved surface, and the reactor further comprises a liquid discharge pipe (3) of which one end is inserted into the sunken center of the first tube plate (1) and communicated with the discharging unit and the other end penetrates out of the reactor.

2. A reactor according to claim 1, wherein: the reactor also comprises a blowing assembly (4) which is suspended above the first tube plate (1) and used for blowing air to the first tube plate (1), and the blowing assembly (4) is communicated with an external air source.

3. A reactor according to claim 1, wherein: the reaction unit is including locating feed unit with casing (5) between the ejection of compact unit, set up in heat medium import (6) and heat medium export (7) on casing (5), locate in proper order along vertical direction polylith baffling board (8) in casing (5), reaction channel (2) can pass in proper order polylith baffling board (8).

4. A reactor according to claim 3, wherein: a plurality of mounting holes (81) are formed in the baffle plate (8), a plurality of reaction channels (2) are arranged, and the reaction channels (2) can be correspondingly arranged in the mounting holes (81) in a penetrating mode.

5. A reactor according to claim 4, wherein: the reaction unit also comprises a plurality of heat medium channels (9) which are arranged along the radial direction of the baffle plate (8) and are used for supplying heat medium to flow, and the plurality of heat medium channels (9) are intersected in the center of the baffle plate (8).

6. A reactor according to claim 5, wherein: the heat medium channels (9) divide the baffle plate (8) into a plurality of fan-shaped reaction areas (10), and a plurality of mounting holes (81) are uniformly distributed in each reaction area (10).

7. A reactor according to claim 3, wherein: the reaction unit also comprises a plurality of partition ribs (11) which extend along the radial direction of the baffle plate (8) and are arranged on the baffle plate (8) in a mutually staggered mode.

8. A reactor according to claim 3, wherein: the reaction unit still includes that at least two enclose that arrange in proper order along vertical direction locate shell (5) periphery lateral part draft tube (12), along the circumference of shell (5) is seted up in proper order draft tube (12) with be used for between shell (5) the heat medium is in draft tube (12) with a plurality of circulation mouth (13) that flow between shell (5), heat medium import (6) with heat medium export (7) are seted up respectively in two draft tubes (12) on.

9. A reactor according to claim 8, wherein: the aperture of the circulation port (13) is gradually increased along a direction away from the heat medium inlet (6) or the heat medium outlet (7).

10. A reactor according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: the distance between every two circulation openings (13) is gradually reduced along the direction far away from the heat medium inlet (6) or the heat medium outlet (7).