CN211170607U - System for organic solid waste gasification melting innocent treatment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an organic solid waste treatment technical field provides an organic solid waste gasification melting innocent treatment's system. The system provided by the utility model comprises a pretreatment device 1, a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 2, a high-temperature entrained flow bed 3, a chilling slag extractor 4, a heat exchanger 5 and a gas purification device 6, wherein the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace can realize the reduction and partial harmless treatment of organic solid waste, the high-temperature entrained flow bed can realize complete harmless treatment, and can produce combustible gas as a byproduct in the harmless treatment process, thereby realizing resource utilization; the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace and the high-temperature entrained flow bed can carry out staged gasification on the organic solid waste to realize cooperative treatment; use the utility model discloses a system handles organic solid useless, and it is efficient to have a gasification, and innoxious, minimizing and resourceful level is high, and economic benefits is good, easily industrialization popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an organic solid useless processing technology field especially relates to an organic solid useless gasification melting innocent treatment's system.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of economy, the living standard of people is continuously improved, and the discharge amount of organic solid wastes such as household garbage, sludge, antibiotic bacterial residues, waste mineral oil, biomass and the like is increased year by year. According to statistics, the yield of wet sludge in cities and towns in 2018 is about 4646 ten thousand tons, the yield of industrial sludge is about 4000 ten thousand tons, and the harmless treatment rate of the sludge is still low, wherein the harmless treatment rate of the municipal sludge is only about 57%. According to the annual book of construction statistics of Chinese cities in 2017, 656 city cities are built in the inland city, and the clearing and transporting amount of the urban domestic garbage is 2.04 hundred million tons. According to statistics of the solid waste management center of the department of ecological environment, the total amount of dangerous waste generated in 2016 in China is 5588 ten thousand tons, and the amount reaches 6937 ten thousand tons in 2017. The hazardous waste mainly comprises industrial hazardous waste and medical waste, wherein the industrial hazardous waste accounts for more than 70 percent, and the medical waste accounts for about 14 percent. In the industrial hazardous waste, the organic hazardous waste accounts for 37 percent, the waste acid and the waste alkali account for 30 percent, the asbestos waste accounts for 14 percent, and the non-ferrous metal smelting waste accounts for 10 percent. For organic solid wastes such as household garbage, sludge and the like, the water content is higher, so that the organic solid wastes have large self quality and volume and are inconvenient for long-distance transportation and treatment. If the organic solid waste is randomly stacked, a large amount of microorganisms contained in the organic solid waste can propagate, so that the organic solid waste is rotten, toxic and harmful gas is generated, the human health is harmed, and meanwhile, the surrounding environment is also affected, so that a proper organic solid waste treatment technology is urgently needed to be found.
At present, the organic solid waste disposal technology mainly comprises the following steps: landfill, compost utilization, anaerobic digestion, incineration and the like. Wherein the landfill affects the stability of the refuse landfill, prolongs the time for closing the landfill and has the risk of secondary pollution; the problems of difficult degradation of toxic organic matters and accumulation of heavy metals exist in compost utilization, and the safety is questioned; the anaerobic digestion process has many flows, the equipment is expensive and depends on import, the biodegradability of organic solid waste is poor, and the economic benefit is not good; the problems of dioxin, dangerous waste fly ash and the like exist in the process of burning, and a flue gas treatment system is relatively complex.
The organic solid waste gasification process is a technical process that organic solid waste after being dried and crushed is placed in a specific device, certain temperature and pressure are provided, and under the action of a gasification agent, organic matters in the organic solid waste are subjected to complex oxidation and reduction reactions and accompanied with the generation of combustible gas. Compared with the above organic solid waste treatment methods, gasification has great advantages: the high temperature of the gasification reaction can efficiently kill pathogenic bacteria, viruses and the like in the organic solid waste; most of organic matters in the organic solid waste are converted into gas, and the rest of organic matters are converted into residues, so that efficient volume reduction can be realized; the gasification exhaust smoke quantity and the atmospheric pollutants are less, and the greenhouse gas emission can be effectively reduced. However, part of the unreacted carbon and fine slag in the gasification process can be carried out by the gas, a certain amount of carbon-containing fly ash is generated, and the fly ash contains dioxin, belongs to dangerous waste and is difficult to treat. At present, carbon-containing fly ash is generally subjected to harmless treatment by solidification landfill, electric melting or plasma melting, wherein the electric melting and plasma melting has the disadvantages of high cost, high energy consumption, short service life of a plasma torch, frequent replacement and large equipment investment, and the solidification landfill has the risk of secondary pollution.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model provides a system of organic solid useless gasification melting innocent treatment. The utility model provides a system operation cost is low, heat utilization rate is high, gasification efficiency is high, and innoxious, minimizing and resourceful level are high, and product economic benefits is good, and no secondary pollution easily industrialization is promoted and is used.
In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:
a system for organic solid waste gasification melting innocent treatment comprises:
the pretreatment device 1 is provided with an organic solid waste inlet and a pretreatment material outlet;
the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 2 is provided with a pretreatment material inlet, a preheating gasification agent inlet, a gasified fuel gas and carbon-containing fly ash outlet and a slag outlet, and the pretreatment material inlet is connected with the pretreatment material outlet of the pretreatment device 1;
the high-temperature entrained flow bed 3 is provided with a gasified fuel gas and carbon-containing fly ash inlet, an oxygen inlet, an additive inlet, a slag outlet and a medium-temperature fuel gas outlet, and the gasified fuel gas and carbon-containing fly ash inlet is connected with the gasified fuel gas and carbon-containing fly ash outlet of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 2;
the chilling slag extractor 4 is provided with a slag inlet, a chilling water inlet, a molten glass outlet and a chilling water outlet, and the slag inlet is connected with the slag outlet of the high-temperature entrained flow bed 3;
the heat exchanger 5 is provided with a medium-temperature gas inlet, a normal-temperature gasifying agent inlet, a low-temperature gas outlet and a preheating gasifying agent outlet, the medium-temperature gas inlet is connected with the medium-temperature gas outlet of the high-temperature entrained flow bed 3, and the preheating gasifying agent outlet is connected with the preheating gasifying agent inlet of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 2;
and the gas purification device 6 is provided with a low-temperature gas inlet and a combustible gas outlet, and the low-temperature gas inlet is connected with the low-temperature gas outlet of the heat exchanger 5.
Preferably, the pretreatment device 1 comprises one or more of a low-temperature drying device, a thin-layer drying device, a roller crusher and a screen.
Preferably, the gas purification device comprises a bag-type dust collector or a cyclone dust collector.
Preferably, the feeding mode of the high-temperature entrained flow bed 3 is high-temperature burner feeding, and the number of the high-temperature burners is one or more.
Preferably, the arrangement mode of the high-temperature burners in the high-temperature entrained flow bed 3 is top, side or bottom.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the system provided by the utility model comprises a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace and a high-temperature entrained flow bed, wherein the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace can realize the reduction and partial harmless treatment of organic solid wastes, the high-temperature entrained flow bed can realize complete harmless treatment, and can byproduct combustible gas in the process of harmless treatment to realize resource utilization, therefore, the system of the utility model has obvious effect of 'three-way' on the harmless treatment of organic solid wastes;
(2) the system provided by the utility model adopts the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace and the high-temperature entrained flow bed to carry out the stage gasification on the organic solid waste, and can gasify the coarse material in the organic solid waste in the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace and gasify the fine material in the high-temperature entrained flow bed in the physical stage; in the aspect of chemical classification, easily-reacted materials (organic matters) in the organic solid waste can be gasified in the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace, and difficultly-reacted materials (carbon-containing fly ash) are gasified in the high-temperature entrained flow bed, so that the cooperative treatment of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace and the high-temperature entrained flow bed is realized;
(2) the system provided by the utility model directly leads the gasified fuel gas and the carbon-containing fly ash generated by the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace into the high-temperature entrained flow bed for gasification and fusion treatment, solves the problem that the carbon-containing fly ash is difficult to treat, and has high harmless level and no secondary pollution problem;
(3) the system provided by the utility model directly leads the thermal gasification gas and the carbon-containing fly ash generated by the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace into the high-temperature entrained flow bed, has no heat loss, and the medium-temperature gas generated by the gasification and melting of the high-temperature entrained flow bed can be used for preheating the gasification agent, so that the heat utilization rate of the system is high, and the energy consumption and the cost of the whole system are lower;
(4) the average particle size range of the carbon-containing fly ash generated by the circulating fluidized bed is 30-50 mu m, the requirement of the high-temperature entrained flow for entering the furnace is met, the carbon content of the fly ash can be flexibly adjusted, and the carbon-containing fly ash can realize self-sustaining gasification in the high-temperature entrained flow by adjusting the carbon content, so that pulverized coal does not need to be added into the high-temperature entrained flow, complicated systems such as grinding pretreatment and the like are not needed, and the operation cost of the whole process is low;
(5) the utility model provides a system equipment investment is little, and the cost is lower.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the system for organic solid waste gasification, melting and innocent treatment of the utility model, wherein: 1-a pretreatment device, 2-a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace, 3-a high-temperature entrained flow bed, 4-a chilling slag extractor, 5-a heat exchanger and 6-a gas purification device;
FIG. 2 is a process flow chart of gasification, melting and harmless treatment of organic solid wastes by using the system of the utility model.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides an organic solid useless gasification melting innocent treatment's system, include:
the system comprises a pretreatment device 1, a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 2, a high-temperature entrained flow bed 3, a chilling slag extractor 4, a heat exchanger 5 and a gas purification device 6.
The system provided by the utility model comprises a pretreatment device 1. In the utility model, the pretreatment device carries out drying, crushing and other treatments on the organic solid wastes so as to obtain materials with the heat value of more than or equal to 2000kcal/kg, the water content of less than or equal to 30 percent and the grain diameter of less than or equal to 12mm, thereby meeting the requirements of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace, improving the gasification efficiency and realizing the uniform distribution of the temperature of the hearth; the pretreatment device is preferably one or more of a low-temperature drying device, a thin-layer drying device, a roller crusher and a screen, and is selected according to specific needs; the pretreatment device is provided with an organic solid waste inlet and a pretreatment material outlet.
The system provided by the utility model comprises a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 2. The utility model discloses in, circulating fluidized bed gasifier 2 is provided with pretreatment material entry, preheats gasification agent entry, gasification gas and carbonaceous flying dust export, slag outlet, pretreatment material entry with pretreatment device 1's pretreatment material export links to each other. The circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 2 is used for carrying out gasification treatment on the pretreated materials so as to obtain gasified fuel gas, carbon-containing fly ash and slag, and realizes reduction and partial harmless treatment of organic solid waste.
The system provided by the utility model comprises a high-temperature entrained flow bed 3. In the utility model, the high temperature entrained flow bed 3 is provided with a gasified fuel gas and carbon-containing fly ash inlet, an oxygen inlet, an additive inlet, a slag outlet and a medium temperature fuel gas outlet, and the gasified fuel gas and carbon-containing fly ash inlet is connected with the gasified fuel gas and carbon-containing fly ash outlet of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 2; the feeding mode of the high-temperature entrained flow bed 3 is preferably high-temperature burner feeding, and the number of the high-temperature burners is preferably single or multiple; the arrangement mode of the high-temperature burners in the high-temperature entrained flow 3 is preferably top, side or bottom. The utility model discloses utilize high temperature entrained flow 3 to carry out gasification melting to carbonaceous flying dust and handle to obtain the slag.
The system provided by the utility model comprises a chilling slag extractor 4. The utility model discloses in, chilling slag extractor 4 is provided with slag entry, chilling water entry, fused vitreous body export, chilling water export, the slag entry with the slag export of high temperature entrained flow 3 links to each other. The utility model discloses utilize chill slag extractor 4 will the slag is chilled and is handled to obtain the melting vitreous body, thereby realize the thorough innocent treatment of organic solid useless.
The system provided by the utility model includes heat exchanger 5. The utility model discloses in, heat exchanger 5 is provided with medium temperature gas entry, normal atmospheric temperature gasification agent entry, low temperature gas export and preheats the gasification agent export, medium temperature gas entry with the medium temperature gas export of high temperature entrained flow 3 links to each other, preheat the gasification agent export with circulating fluidized bed gasifier 2 preheats the gasification agent entry and links to each other. The utility model discloses utilize heat exchanger 5 to carry out waste heat recovery to the middle temperature gas that gasification melting handled the production, preheat the gasification agent simultaneously. In the embodiment of the utility model, heat exchanger byproduct steam can also be utilized to further improve the heat utilization efficiency of the system.
The utility model provides a gaseous purifier of system 6. In the utility model, the gas purification device 6 is provided with a low-temperature gas inlet and a combustible gas outlet, and the low-temperature gas inlet is connected with the low-temperature gas outlet of the heat exchanger 5; the flue gas purification device is preferably a cyclone dust collector or a bag-type dust collector.
When the system provided by the utility model is used for the gasification, melting and harmless treatment of organic solid wastes, the treatment method preferably comprises the following steps:
(a) using a pretreatment device 1 to pretreat the organic solid waste to obtain a pretreated material;
(b) introducing the pretreated material and a gasifying agent into a circulating fluidized bed gasifier 2 together for gasification treatment to obtain gasified fuel gas, carbon-containing fly ash and slag;
(c) introducing the gasified fuel gas, the carbon-containing fly ash, the oxygen and the additive into a high-temperature entrained flow bed 3 together for gasification and melting treatment to obtain slag and medium-temperature fuel gas; the medium-temperature fuel gas is introduced into a heat exchanger 5 for waste heat recovery, and the generated low-temperature fuel gas is introduced into a gas purification device 6 for gas purification treatment to obtain combustible gas;
(d) and introducing the slag into a chilling slag extractor 4 for chilling treatment to obtain molten glass.
The utility model discloses it is right organic useless source and kind do not have special requirement admittedly, and the organic useless all can use admittedly that the technical personnel in the field are familiar with the method of the utility model carries out innocent treatment, specifically like municipal sludge, pharmaceutical factory waste residue and domestic waste etc..
The utility model discloses use preprocessing device 1 to carry out the preliminary treatment with organic solid useless, obtain the preliminary treatment material. In the utility model, the heat value of the pretreated material is preferably more than or equal to 2000kcal/kg, the water content is preferably less than or equal to 30 percent, and the particle size is preferably less than or equal to 12 mm. The utility model discloses heat value, moisture content and the particle diameter control of material in advance make it satisfy follow-up requirement of carrying out gasification treatment in circulating fluidized bed gasifier, improve gasification efficiency at above-mentioned within range to realize furnace temperature evenly distributed.
After the pretreated material is obtained, the utility model discloses will pretreated material and gasifying agent let in circulating fluidized bed gasifier 2 jointly and carry out gasification treatment, obtain gasification gas, carbonaceous flying dust and slag. In the utility model, the gasification agent is preferably one or more of air, steam, oxygen-enriched air and pure oxygenSeed growing; the hearth temperature of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace is preferably 900-1100 ℃, and more preferably 950-1050 ℃; the flow rate of the gasifying agent is preferably determined according to the nature of the pretreated material, and may be determined by a method known to those skilled in the art. In the gasification treatment process, most organic matters in the organic solid waste are converted into gas, the rest are converted into slag, and unreacted carbon and fine slag are carried out by the gas to form carbon-containing fly ash. The utility model discloses in, the carbon content of carbon-containing fly ash is preferred 30 ~ 40%, and the calorific value is preferred 2400 ~ 4000kcal/kg, to the preliminary treatment material that the calorific value is no less than 2000kcal/kg, through circulating fluidized bed gasification back, partly fixed carbon turns into CO, CO2And the gas, a part of the fixed carbon is remained in the slag, and the other part of the fixed carbon is present in the carbon-containing fly ash. The utility model discloses a gasification intensity and the carbon conversion rate of control preliminary treatment material can be with the carbonaceous flying dust carbon content and calorific value control in above-mentioned within range to make the carbonaceous flying dust realize self-sustaining gasification in high temperature entrained flow, need not mix the buggy during gasification melting treatment, do not need complicated crocus pretreatment etc. system, further reduce the running cost of whole technology.
After the gasification treatment is finished, the utility model discloses will gasification gas, carbonaceous flying dust, oxygen and additive let in high temperature entrained flow 3 jointly and carry out gasification melting treatment, obtain slag and moderate temperature gas. In the present invention, the additive comprises CaO and Al2O3And SiO2One or more of the above (1), 2 or 3); the weight ratio of the added CaO is preferably 0-15%, more preferably 0.1-12%, even more preferably 0.5-10%, and the Al is preferably 0-15% based on the total weight of the fly ash and the additive being 100%2O3The addition weight ratio of (A) is preferably 0 to 20%, more preferably 0.1 to 18%, and further preferably 0.5 to 15%, and the SiO2The addition weight ratio of (A) is preferably 0 to 25%, more preferably 0.1 to 12%, and further preferably 0.5 to 20%; CaO and Al2O3And SiO2The addition weight ratio of (A) is preferably not 0 at the same time; the weight ratio of the additive to the carbon-containing fly ash and the additiveThe ratio of the total weight of (A) to (B). The utility model discloses an adding the additive and changing into stove material composition, reducing the temperature interval that the material melting vitreous body generated (reducing 100 ~ 200 ℃), be favorable to innoxious vitreous body to generate.
The utility model discloses in, the furnace temperature of high temperature entrained flow bed is preferred 1300 ~ 1600 ℃, more preferred 1350 ~ 1550 ℃, further preferred 1400 ~ 1500 ℃; in the present invention, the oxygen gas functions as a gasifying agent, and the flow rate of the oxygen gas is preferably determined according to the composition and calorific value of the gasification gas, the carbonaceous fly ash, and the like, using a method well known to those skilled in the art. In the gasification and melting treatment process, organic matters in the carbon-containing fly ash are decomposed and gasified, inorganic matters are melted into slag, and Si-O-Si network structures formed when heavy metals are melted are solidified to form stable glass bodies; in addition, use the utility model discloses a system carries out gasification treatment and gasification melting's in-process to the flying dust, and the processing temperature all is far greater than the tradition and burns dioxin controlled temperature 850 ℃, and the dioxin can be decomposed completely, does not have secondary pollution.
In the utility model, the middle temperature gas generated by the gasification melting treatment is introduced into the heat exchanger 5 for waste heat recovery, and the generated low temperature gas is introduced into the gas purification device 6 for gas purification treatment to obtain the combustible gas; the waste heat recovery is particularly preferably: introducing a gasifying agent into a heat exchanger 5, preheating the gasifying agent by using medium-temperature fuel gas, and using the preheated gasifying agent in the step (b); the gasification agent is preferably one or more of air, steam, oxygen-enriched air and pure oxygen; in the specific embodiment of the utility model, the steam product can be also by-produced in the waste heat recovery step, so as to improve the heat utilization rate of the system; the utility model discloses in, the temperature of middle temperature gas is 250 ~ 450 ℃, and the temperature of gained low temperature gas is generally about 150 ~ 250 ℃ after the waste heat recovery. After the gas purification treatment is finished, clean combustible gas (the main components are CO and H) is obtained2Etc.), combustible gas can be used to utilization such as air feed, heating, electricity generation as the by-product to improve and utilize the utility model discloses the system carries out organic solid useless innocent treatment's resource level and economic benefits, makes this realityAnd the novel system is easier to be popularized and applied in industrialization.
After obtaining the slag, the utility model discloses will the slag lets in chilling slag extractor 4 and chills and handles, obtains the melting vitreous body. The present invention has no particular requirement on the specific conditions of the chilling treatment, and may be carried out using conditions well known to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the organic solid waste gasification melting innocent treatment system provided by the utility model, and fig. 2 is a process flow diagram for utilizing the system of the utility model to carry out gasification melting innocent treatment to organic solid waste. The system of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-2: the organic solid waste enters a pretreatment device 1 for pretreatment such as drying and crushing to obtain a pretreatment material; the pretreated materials and the gasifying agent enter a circulating fluidized bed gasifier 2 together for gasification treatment, the generated slag is discharged, the gasified fuel gas and the carbon-containing fly ash enter a high-temperature entrained flow bed 3 together with oxygen and additives for gasification melting treatment, the generated slag is discharged into a chilling slag extractor 4 for chilling treatment, and molten glass is obtained, so that the thorough harmless treatment of organic solid waste is realized; the medium-temperature fuel gas generated in the high-temperature entrained flow bed 3 enters a heat exchanger 5 for waste heat recovery, a gasifying agent (one or more of air, steam, oxygen-enriched air and pure oxygen) is introduced into the heat exchanger for preheating, the preheated gasifying agent is introduced into the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 2, and the low-temperature fuel gas generated after heat exchange enters a gas purification device 6 for purification, so that a combustible gas byproduct is obtained.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Utilize the utility model discloses an organic solid useless gasification melting innocent treatment system handles the municipal sludge in certain city, and the moisture content of this municipal sludge is 83%, and industrial analysis and elemental analysis are shown as table 1, and wherein, the technological process of organic solid useless gasification melting is handled is shown in figure 1, and the structural schematic of used system is shown in figure 2, and the preliminary treatment only includes the mummification and handles. The specific treatment process comprises the following steps:
TABLE 1 municipal sludge Industrial analysis and elemental analysis (air-dried basis)
Municipal sludge with the water content of 83 percent is dried, the water content is reduced to 30 percent, the heat value is 2000kcal/kg, the grain size is less than or equal to 12mm, the requirement of entering a furnace is met, and crushing and screening treatment is not needed. Sending the dried sludge and gasifying agent (air and steam) into a circulating fluidized bed together for gasification treatment, wherein the temperature of a hearth of the circulating fluidized bed is 900 ℃, obtaining gasified fuel gas, carbon-containing fly ash and furnace slag, wherein the carbon content of the fly ash is 30%, and the calorific value is about 2400kcal/kg, spraying the gasified fuel gas, the carbon-containing fly ash, the gasifying agent and an additive into a high-temperature entrained flow through a single burner arranged at the top together for gasification melting treatment, wherein the additive is CaO and Al2O3Without adding SiO2The weight ratio of CaO added is 15%, and Al is added2O3The adding weight ratio is 20%, the hearth temperature of the high-temperature entrained flow bed is 1300 ℃, and slag and medium-temperature fuel gas are obtained; obtaining a molten glass body by chilling slag discharge, performing waste heat recovery treatment on medium-temperature fuel gas to obtain low-temperature fuel gas, and using preheated air and steam generated by heat exchange as a circulating fluidized bed gasifying agent; purifying the low-temperature fuel gas by cyclone dust removal, cloth bag dust removal and the like to finally obtain the fuel gas rich in CO and H2Etc., the calorific value of the combustible gas is 1980kcal/Nm3And meanwhile, the thorough harmless treatment of the municipal sludge is realized.
Example 2
Utilize the utility model discloses an organic system of useless gasification melting innocent treatment admittedly handles the domestic waste in a certain city, and this domestic waste's original moisture content is 30%, and pile and strain the back moisture content and be 24%, and wet base composition is shown as table 2, and wherein, the technological process of organic useless gasification melting treatment admittedly is shown as figure 1, and the structural schematic diagram of used system is shown as figure 2, and the preliminary treatment includes breakage and screening. The specific treatment process comprises the following steps:
TABLE 2 composition of household garbage (wt%)
Crushing and screening the household garbage with the water content of 24% after filtering, wherein the heat value of the pretreated household garbage is 3020kcal/kg, the particle size is less than or equal to 11mm, the requirement of charging is met, and drying treatment is not needed. Feeding the pretreated domestic garbage and a gasifying agent (oxygen-enriched air) into a circulating fluidized bed together for gasification treatment, wherein the temperature of a hearth of the circulating fluidized bed is 1100 ℃, and obtaining gasified fuel gas, carbon-containing fly ash and furnace slag, wherein the carbon content of the fly ash is 40%, and the heat value is 4000kcal/kg, the gasified fuel gas, the carbon-containing fly ash, the gasifying agent and an additive are sprayed into a high-temperature entrained flow bed together through two burners symmetrically arranged at the side part for gasification melting treatment, wherein the additive is Al2O3And SiO2Without addition of CaO, the Al2O3The weight ratio of the added SiO is 18 percent2The adding weight ratio is 7%, the hearth temperature of the high-temperature entrained flow bed is 1600 ℃, and slag and medium-temperature fuel gas are obtained; obtaining molten glass body by chilling slag discharge, performing waste heat recovery treatment on medium-temperature fuel gas to obtain low-temperature fuel gas, using preheated oxygen-enriched air generated by heat exchange as a circulating fluidized bed gasifying agent, and selling steam as a product; purifying the low-temperature fuel gas by cyclone dust removal, cloth bag dust removal and the like to finally obtain the fuel gas rich in CO and H2The calorific value of the combustible gas is 2080kcal/Nm3And meanwhile, the complete harmless treatment of the household garbage is realized.
Example 3
Utilize the utility model discloses a dangerous waste material antibiotic fungus sediment that gasification melting innocent treatment's system useless admittedly organically produced to certain pharmaceutical factory is handled, and the moisture content of this antibiotic fungus sediment is 73%, and industrial analysis and elemental analysis are as shown in table 3, and wherein, the technological process that gasification melting was handled useless admittedly organically is as shown in figure 1, and the schematic structure diagram of used system is as shown in figure 2. The specific treatment process comprises the following steps:
TABLE 3 Industrial and elemental analysis of antibiotic fungi residues
Drying the antibiotic residues with the water content of 73 percent to reduce the water content to 18 percent and the heat value to 4860kcal/kg, then crushing and screening, wherein the grain diameter of the pretreated antibiotic residues is less than or equal to 10mm, and the requirement of charging is met. And (3) feeding the pretreated antibiotic bacteria residues and a gasifying agent (pure oxygen) into a circulating fluidized bed together for gasification treatment, wherein the temperature of a hearth of the circulating fluidized bed is 1000 ℃, and gasified fuel gas, carbon-containing fly ash and furnace slag are obtained, wherein the carbon content of the fly ash is 32%, and the heat value is 2560 kcal/kg. Injecting gasified fuel gas, carbon-containing fly ash, gasifying agent and additive into a high-temperature entrained flow bed through four burners uniformly arranged at the bottom for gasification and melting treatment, wherein the additive is CaO and SiO2Without adding Al2O3The CaO is added in a weight ratio of 12%, and the SiO is added in a weight ratio of 12%2The adding weight ratio is 25%, the hearth temperature of the high-temperature entrained flow bed is 1440 ℃, and slag and medium-temperature fuel gas are obtained; obtaining molten glass body by chilling slag discharge, performing waste heat recovery treatment on medium-temperature fuel gas to obtain low-temperature fuel gas, using preheated pure oxygen generated by heat exchange as a circulating fluidized bed gasifying agent, and selling steam as a product; purifying the low-temperature fuel gas by cyclone dust removal, cloth bag dust removal and the like to finally obtain the fuel gas rich in CO and H2Etc., the calorific value of the combustible gas is 2250kcal/Nm3And meanwhile, the complete harmless treatment of the hazardous waste antibiotic residues is realized.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the system provided by the utility model has high heat energy utilization rate, high gasification efficiency, high levels of harmlessness, reduction and resource utilization, no secondary pollution, and easy industrial popularization and application; the system provided by the utility model has the advantages that the investment of the system equipment is small, and the fly ash does not need complicated systems such as milling pretreatment when entering the gasification and melting of the high-temperature entrained flow bed, and is simpler.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A system for organic solid waste gasification melting innocent treatment is characterized by comprising:
the pretreatment device (1), the pretreatment device (1) is provided with an organic solid waste inlet and a pretreatment material outlet;
the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (2) is provided with a pretreatment material inlet, a preheating gasification agent inlet, a gasified fuel gas and carbon-containing fly ash outlet and a slag outlet, and the pretreatment material inlet is connected with the pretreatment material outlet of the pretreatment device (1);
the high-temperature entrained flow bed (3) is provided with a gasification gas and carbon-containing fly ash inlet, an oxygen inlet, an additive inlet, a slag outlet and a medium-temperature gas outlet, and the gasification gas and carbon-containing fly ash inlet is connected with the gasification gas and carbon-containing fly ash outlet of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (2);
the chilling slag extractor (4) is provided with a slag inlet, a chilling water inlet, a molten glass outlet and a chilling water outlet, and the slag inlet is connected with the slag outlet of the high-temperature entrained flow bed (3);
the heat exchanger (5) is provided with a medium-temperature gas inlet, a normal-temperature gasifying agent inlet, a low-temperature gas outlet and a preheating gasifying agent outlet, the medium-temperature gas inlet is connected with the medium-temperature gas outlet of the high-temperature entrained flow bed (3), and the preheating gasifying agent outlet is connected with the preheating gasifying agent inlet of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (2);
the gas purification device (6), the gas purification device (6) is provided with low temperature gas entry and combustible gas export, low temperature gas entry with the low temperature gas export of heat exchanger (5) links to each other.
2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the pre-treatment device (1) comprises one or several of a low temperature drying device, a thin layer drying device, a roll crusher and a screen.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the gas purification device comprises a bag-type dust collector or a cyclone.
4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the feeding mode of the high-temperature entrained flow (3) is high-temperature burner feeding, and the number of the high-temperature burners is single or multiple.
5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that the arrangement of the high temperature burners in the high temperature entrained flow (3) is top, side or bottom.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921974521.1U CN211170607U (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | System for organic solid waste gasification melting innocent treatment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114396609A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-26 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | System and method for utilizing fly ash of circulating fluidized bed boiler |
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