CN211166256U

CN211166256U - Large-fall wheel-side maintenance-free front axle assembly for large bus

Info

Publication number: CN211166256U
Application number: CN201922288090.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 桂治国; 王有为; 边永杰
Original assignee: Nanjing Cv Hs Autoparts Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Cv Hs Autoparts Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-18
Filing date: 2019-12-18
Publication date: 2020-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-18

Abstract

The utility model discloses a large-drop wheel rim maintenance-free front axle assembly for a large bus, which comprises a front axle, a steering knuckle, a steering tie rod arm, a steering tie rod, a disc brake, a brake mounting bracket, a brake chamber, a wheel hub bearing unit and a brake disc; the front axle assembly can avoid the work of regularly maintaining the wheel rim, replacing grease, inner and outer bearings of the wheel hub and the like in the existing assembly structure, reduce the maintenance frequency of the wheel rim of the whole vehicle, save the maintenance cost and increase the attendance rate of the whole vehicle; the riding experience is high.

Description

Large-fall wheel-side maintenance-free front axle assembly for large bus

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a car driven shaft technical field, concretely relates to large-scale bus is with large-drop wheel limit non-maintaining front axle assembly.

Background

With the continuous development of the urbanization of China, public transportation is actively developed in all cities to meet the traveling requirements of citizens, and the large-scale bus becomes a development trend for large and medium-sized cities. In addition, the passenger experience on the bus is higher and higher, the existing large bus adopts a front shaft assembly with a common structure, and the height of the front door of the whole bus is higher and the passageway in the bus is narrow due to small fall, so that the passenger can not get on or off the bus and stand conveniently.

Meanwhile, due to the improvement of the manufacturing level and the technical capability of automobile parts, customers also put higher demands on the quality of the parts of the front axle assembly, and the parts needing regular maintenance in the original structure are expected to be free of maintenance or maintenance interval time is expected to be prolonged, so that the maintenance-free structure of the wheel edge in the front axle assembly becomes a development trend.

Therefore, developing a front axle assembly with a large drop height to improve the riding experience of passengers and developing a front axle assembly with a wheel edge free from maintenance become technical problems to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a large-drop wheel rim maintenance-free front axle assembly for large-scale bus passenger cars, which can avoid the work of the prior assembly structure that the wheel rim needs to be maintained regularly, the grease is replaced, the inner bearing and the outer bearing of the wheel hub are needed, the wheel rim maintenance frequency of the whole car is reduced, the maintenance cost is saved, and the attendance rate of the whole car is increased; the riding experience is high.

The utility model discloses a first technical scheme be: a large-drop wheel-side maintenance-free front axle assembly for a large bus comprises a front axle, a steering knuckle, a steering tie rod arm, a steering tie rod, a disc brake, a brake mounting bracket, a brake chamber, a hub bearing unit and a brake disc; the steering knuckle is connected with two end parts of the front shaft through a main pin, a steering straight pull rod arm and a steering tie rod arm are fixedly arranged on the steering knuckle through mounting bolts, a steering tie rod is connected with the steering tie rod arm through ball pins at two ends of the steering tie rod, a hub bearing unit is sleeved on a shaft head of the steering knuckle through an inner bearing and an outer bearing of the hub bearing unit, a brake disc is fixedly arranged on the hub bearing unit through bolts, a brake mounting bracket is fixedly arranged on the steering knuckle through mounting bolts, a disc brake is fixedly arranged on the brake mounting bracket through mounting bolts, and a brake air chamber is fixedly arranged on the disc brake through self-carrying bolts; the hub bearing unit comprises an inner oil seal, an inner bearing, a bearing seat, an outer bearing and an outer oil seal; the outer bearing is pressed in the bearing seat in an interference fit manner through a bearing outer ring of the outer bearing, the inner bearing is pressed in the bearing seat in an interference fit manner through a bearing outer ring of the inner bearing, a bearing inner ring of the outer bearing is abutted against the end face of a bearing inner ring of the inner bearing, a bearing inner ring of the inner bearing is abutted against a shaft head retaining shoulder of the steering knuckle, and the bearing inner ring of the outer bearing is fastened on the steering knuckle through a hub locking nut; the inner oil seal is sleeved on the bearing inner ring of the inner bearing in a sealing mode and is pressed in the bearing seat in an interference fit mode, the outer oil seal is sleeved on the bearing inner ring of the outer bearing in a sealing mode and is pressed in the bearing seat in an interference fit mode, the inner oil seal and the outer oil seal form a sealed bearing space, and the bearing space is filled with extreme pressure high-temperature-resistant lubricating grease at one time.

By adopting the technical scheme, the hub bearing unit is designed into a pre-assembly, the bearing outer ring is fixed in advance through interference fit during pre-assembly, and after the bearing inner ring is fastened according to a set torque value during front shaft assembly, the clearance between the inner bearing and the outer bearing can be ensured to be at an optimal value, and the bearing can be ensured to be in a designed service life in the optimal clearance; moreover, when the bearing is preassembled, the bearing space is filled with extreme pressure high temperature resistant lubricating grease at one time, and lubricating oil or lubricating grease is not required to be replaced in the using process; therefore, the bearing of the whole vehicle is not required to be maintained and replaced in the service cycle, the maintenance-free wheel edge structure is realized, the maintenance cost is saved, and the attendance rate of the whole vehicle is increased.

The utility model discloses a second technical scheme be the improvement on first technical scheme, the utility model discloses a second technical scheme be: the wheel hub flange and the wheel bolt are also included; the wheel bolts are pressed on the hub flange in an interference fit mode, the mounting bolts sequentially penetrate through the hub flange and the brake disc, and the hub flange and the brake disc are fixed on the front end face of a bearing seat of the hub bearing unit.

By adopting the technical scheme, the hub bearing unit and the hub flange are designed into two independent parts, and the hub bearing unit and the hub flange are assembled through the bolt connection, so that the replacement of the brake disc can be completed only by disassembling the hub flange without disassembling the hub bearing unit, and the hub bearing unit is always in an initial assembly state, thereby ensuring the service life of the hub bearing.

The utility model discloses a third technical scheme be the improvement on the second technical scheme, the utility model discloses a third technical scheme be: the hub flange comprises an outer edge part for mounting wheel bolts and a central part for connecting the hub bearing unit and closing a bearing seat of the hub bearing unit; outer fringe portion takes shape with central part an organic whole, outer fringe portion circumference distributes has a plurality of wheel bolt mounting holes, the front side of central part is equipped with the location round platform that is used for wheel installation location, the rear side of central part is equipped with the round platform portion that is used for connecting brake disc and wheel hub bearing unit, the axial central part of round platform portion is equipped with the locating hole that is used for fixing a position the brake disc and is used for holding wheel hub lock nut's hemisphere cavity from the outside-in proper order, the outside circumference of hemisphere cavity distributes has a plurality of connecting bolt mounting holes that are used for connecting brake disc.

By adopting the technical scheme, the hub flange has the function of the hub cover on the traditional front axle assembly, and the dustproof and waterproof effects are achieved. The design of the hub flange also plays a role in reducing parts of the front axle assembly.

The utility model discloses a fourth technical scheme be the improvement on first or second technical scheme, the utility model discloses a fourth technical scheme be: the inner ring of the outer bearing is connected with the inner ring of the inner bearing through an elastic retainer ring arranged on the inner side surface of the inner bearing, and a middle sealing ring is arranged on the outer side surface of the joint of the two inner bearing rings.

By adopting the technical scheme, on one hand, the inner ring of the bearing cannot fall off in the transferring process after the inner bearing and the outer bearing are installed on the hub; on the other hand, the design of the middle sealing ring can further avoid the leakage of lubricating grease in the bearing space, and the service life of the bearing is ensured.

The utility model discloses a fifth technical scheme be the improvement on first or second technical scheme, the utility model discloses a fifth technical scheme be: and a stop washer is also arranged between the hub bearing unit and the hub locking nut.

By adopting the technical scheme, the hub locking nut can be further ensured not to be loosened in the using process, and the hub bearing unit is ensured to be in the initial installation state.

The utility model discloses a sixth technical scheme be the improvement on first or second technical scheme, the utility model discloses a sixth technical scheme be: the front axle is in a U-shaped beam structure with two high ends and a low middle part when being observed from the front, the bottom of the middle U-shaped part is lower than the center line of the wheel, the steering knuckle is arranged at the two end parts of the front axle through a main pin and a thrust bearing, and the steering straight pull rod arm is arranged below the front axle.

By adopting the technical scheme, the floor plane of the front door area of the whole chassis can be increased, the chassis floor can sink into the U-shaped position, the chassis horizontally extends towards the vehicle door direction, the height of the front door floor from the ground can be reduced, passengers can get on or off the vehicle and stand conveniently, and the riding experience is improved.

To sum up, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the bearing play adjustment of the existing hub bearing unit is manually adjusted when an axle assembly is installed, the consistency of manual adjustment is difficult to guarantee, the service life of the bearing is not expected, only a regular maintenance period of a quality guarantee period is set, and a customer is required to periodically disassemble and maintain and replace lubricating grease or the bearing according to the maintenance period. This application is through being the pre-assembly with the design of wheel hub bearing unit, once only fills extreme pressure high temperature resistant lubricating grease in the bearing space promptly during the pre-installation, need not to change lubricating oil or lubricating grease in the use, and screws up lock nut through adopting to set for the torque value when axle assembly assembles and can guarantee that the bearing play of interior outer bearing is in the optimum, can guarantee in this optimum play that the bearing is in design life.

2. The brake disc is a wear part and needs to be replaced when the brake disc is worn to a certain limit value, the traditional hub assembly is integrally designed for a hub and a hub bearing, the brake disc is fixed on the hub through bolts, the whole wheel edge needs to be disassembled and assembled when the brake disc is replaced, and the maintenance-free hub bearing unit has high requirements on installation conditions, particularly the tightening torque of a locking nut and the cleanliness of the interior of parts during secondary assembly; the hub bearing unit adopting the integrated design is limited by installation conditions such as sites, personnel and equipment during maintenance, the two key conditions are difficult to meet, and the hub bearing is difficult to reach the designed service life. And this application adopts split type design, is two independent parts with the design of wheel hub bearing unit and wheel hub flange, through the bolted connection assembly, can guarantee when changing the brake disc, only need dismantle the wheel hub flange and can accomplish, and need not to dismantle the wheel hub bearing unit, make wheel hub bearing unit be in the state of dispatching from the factory always to guarantee wheel hub bearing's life.

3. This application reduces the height of vehicle chassis through the axletree that adopts big drop, reduces whole car door floor height to make things convenient for the passenger to get on or off the bus, experience by bus is high.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a large-drop wheel-side maintenance-free front axle assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the wheel rim structure of embodiment 1.

Fig. 3 is an exploded schematic view of the hub bearing unit, brake disc, hub flange of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a hub bearing unit of embodiment 1.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and a preferred embodiment.

Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a large-drop wheel-side maintenance-free front axle assembly for a large bus, and the front axle assembly includes a front axle 1, a knuckle 2, a tie rod arm 3, a tie rod arm 4, a tie rod 5, a disc brake 7, a brake mounting bracket 8, a brake chamber 10, a kingpin 11, a thrust bearing 25, a hub bearing unit 13, a brake disc 19, a hub flange 20, and a wheel bolt 21.

Referring to fig. 4, the present application designs the hub bearing unit 13 as a pre-assembly, which includes a bearing seat 131, an inner oil seal 132, an inner bearing 133, an outer bearing 134, an outer oil seal 135, a circlip 136, and an intermediate seal ring 137. The bearing seat 131 is provided with an inner cavity for mounting a hub bearing, an annular blocking part is arranged at the axial center part of the inner cavity of the hub, and two sides of the annular blocking part form two blocking shoulders. The outer bearing 134 is pressed in the inner cavity of the hub, the outer ring 1342 of the outer bearing is connected with the hub in an interference fit manner, and the inner end face of the outer ring 1342 of the outer bearing abuts against a shoulder on one side of the hub. The inner bearing 133 is press-fitted in the inner cavity of the hub, the outer bearing ring 1332 is connected with the hub in an interference fit manner, and the inner end surface of the outer bearing ring 1332 abuts against the retaining shoulder on the other side of the hub. The inner ring 1341 of the outer bearing is against the end face of the inner ring 1331 of the inner bearing, the inner side faces of the two inner bearing rings are connected by the elastic retainer ring 136, and the outer side face of the joint of the two inner bearing rings is provided with the middle sealing ring 137. The inner oil seal 132 is press-mounted in the inner cavity of the hub through the interference fit of the outer ring of the oil seal, and the inner ring of the oil seal is a lip sealing surface and is mounted on the inner bearing inner ring 1331 in a matching way; the outer oil seal 135 is press-mounted in the inner cavity of the hub through the interference fit of the outer ring of the oil seal, and the inner ring of the oil seal is a lip sealing surface and is mounted on the inner ring 1341 of the outer bearing in a matching way; a relatively sealed bearing space is formed among the inner oil seal 132, the outer oil seal 135 and the intermediate seal ring 137, and extreme pressure high temperature grease is filled in the bearing space.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the hub bearing unit 13 is sleeved on the spindle nose of the knuckle 1 through the inner bearing 133 and the outer bearing 134, the bearing inner ring of the inner bearing 133 abuts against the spindle nose shoulder of the knuckle 1, the bearing inner ring of the outer bearing 134 is fastened on the knuckle 1 through the hub bearing lock nut 23, and in order to ensure that the hub bearing lock nut cannot be loosened in the using process, a stop washer 22 is further arranged between the hub bearing unit 13 and the lock nut 23. When the front axle assembly is assembled, after the hub bearing lock nut 23 is screwed down by adopting a set torque value, the bearing clearance of the inner bearing 133 and the outer bearing 134 is in an optimal value, and the bearing can be ensured to be in the design life in the optimal clearance; therefore, the bearing of the whole vehicle is not required to be maintained and replaced in the service cycle, and the hub bearing unit is maintenance-free.

The hub flange 20 comprises an outer rim portion 201 for mounting wheel bolts and a central portion 202 for connecting the hub bearing unit and closing the bearing seat of the hub bearing unit. The outer edge part 201 and the central part 202 are integrally formed, a plurality of wheel bolt mounting holes 2010 are distributed on the periphery of the outer edge part 201, a positioning circular truncated cone 2021 for mounting and positioning the wheel is formed by axially and outwards protruding the front side of the central part, and a cavity is arranged at the center of the positioning circular truncated cone 2021 for reducing the weight; the rear side of the center part axially protrudes outwards to form a circular table part used for connecting the brake disc 19 and the hub bearing unit 13, the axial center part of the circular table part is sequentially provided with a positioning hole 2024 used for positioning the brake disc 19 and a hemispherical concave cavity 2022 used for accommodating a hub locking nut from outside to inside, and a plurality of bolt mounting through holes 2023 used for connecting the brake disc 19 and the hub bearing unit 13 are circumferentially distributed on the outer side of the hemispherical concave cavity 2022.

The central part of the front side surface of the brake disc 19 protrudes outwards in the axial direction to form a circular truncated cone mounting part, the outer side of the front end of the circular truncated cone mounting part is provided with a positioning circular peripheral surface 192, the axial central part of the circular truncated cone mounting part is provided with a step through hole, the inner diameter of a small hole 191 of the step through hole is matched with the diameter of the hemispherical cavity 2022, the inner diameter of a large hole 193 of the step through hole is matched with the outer diameter of the hub bearing unit, and a plurality of bolt mounting through holes 194 which correspond to the hub flange mounting through holes 2023.

The wheel bolts 21 are press-fitted in the wheel bolt mounting holes 2010 of the hub flange 20 through interference fit, the brake disc 19 is sleeved at the front end of the bearing seat 131, the mounting bolts 24 sequentially penetrate through the bolt mounting through holes 2023 of the hub flange 20 and the bolt mounting through holes 194 of the brake disc 19 to be fastened in the bearing seat 131 of the hub bearing unit 13, and the locking nuts 23 and the stop washers 22 are accommodated in the hemispherical cavities 2022 and the small holes 191. The hub flange 20 has the same function as a hub cover of a conventional front axle assembly, i.e., has dustproof and waterproof effects. The design of the hub flange reduces the number of parts of the front axle assembly.

The brake mounting bracket 8 is sleeved at the rear end of the bearing seat 131 and fixed on the steering knuckle 2 through a mounting bolt 12, the disc brake 7 is fixed on the brake mounting bracket 8 through a mounting bolt 9, and the brake air chamber 10 is fixed on the disc brake 7 through a self-carrying bolt. Compressed air is introduced into the brake air chamber 10, then the push rod pushes the disc brake 7 to clamp the brake disc 19 to realize braking, the brake air chamber 10 and the disc brake 7 are both in the prior art, and specific structures and working principles of the brake air chamber 10 and the disc brake 7 are not described herein again.

Referring to fig. 1, the front axle 1 has a U-beam structure with high ends and low middle, and the bottom of the middle U-shaped portion is lower than the centerline of the wheel when viewed from the front. The steering knuckle 2 is rotatably connected to two end portions of the front axle 1 through a main pin 11 and a thrust bearing 25, a steering straight pull rod arm 4 and a steering tie rod arm 3 are fixed to the steering knuckle 2 through a mounting bolt 6, a steering tie rod 5 is connected with the steering tie rod arm 3 through ball pins at two ends of the steering tie rod arm, the steering straight pull rod arm 4 is arranged below the front axle 1, and the steering straight pull rod arm 4 is used for being connected with a steering mechanism of the whole vehicle. Because the middle part of the front shaft is in a deep U shape, and the bottom part is below the central line of the wheel, when the whole vehicle is arranged, the floor of the chassis can sink into the U-shaped part, and the chassis horizontally extends towards the direction of the vehicle door, so the height of the front door floor from the ground can be reduced; in addition, the steering straight pull rod arm 4 is arranged below the front shaft, so that a steering straight pull rod connected with a steering mechanism of the whole vehicle is also arranged below the front shaft, the floor plane of the front door area of the chassis of the whole vehicle can be enlarged by the two measures, and the arrangement is convenient. The steering mechanism in the present application is the prior art, and the detailed structure and the working principle thereof are not described herein again.

The front axle assembly of this application, when changing the brake disc, only need pull down construction bolt 24, dismantles wheel hub flange 20, and need not to dismantle wheel hub bearing unit 13, makes wheel hub bearing unit 13 be in the initial stage of adorning always to guarantee that wheel hub bearing reaches design life.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the improvements and modifications are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-drop wheel-side maintenance-free front axle assembly for a large bus comprises a front axle, a steering knuckle, a steering tie rod arm, a steering tie rod, a disc brake, a brake mounting bracket, a brake chamber, a hub bearing unit and a brake disc; the steering knuckle is connected with two end parts of the front shaft through a main pin, a steering straight pull rod arm and a steering tie rod arm are fixedly arranged on the steering knuckle through mounting bolts, a steering tie rod is connected with the steering tie rod arm through ball pins at two ends of the steering tie rod, a hub bearing unit is sleeved on a shaft head of the steering knuckle through an inner bearing and an outer bearing of the hub bearing unit, a brake disc is fixedly arranged on the hub bearing unit through bolts, a brake mounting bracket is fixedly arranged on the steering knuckle through the mounting bolts, a disc brake is fixedly arranged on the brake mounting bracket through the mounting bolts, and a brake air chamber is fixedly arranged on the disc brake through self-carrying bolts; the method is characterized in that:

the hub bearing unit comprises an inner oil seal, an inner bearing, a bearing seat, an outer bearing and an outer oil seal; the outer bearing is pressed in the bearing seat in an interference fit manner through a bearing outer ring of the outer bearing, the inner bearing is pressed in the bearing seat in an interference fit manner through a bearing outer ring of the inner bearing, a bearing inner ring of the outer bearing is abutted against the end face of a bearing inner ring of the inner bearing, a bearing inner ring of the inner bearing is abutted against a shaft head retaining shoulder of the steering knuckle, and the bearing inner ring of the outer bearing is fastened on the steering knuckle through a hub locking nut; the inner oil seal is sleeved on the bearing inner ring of the inner bearing in a sealing mode and is pressed in the bearing seat in an interference fit mode, the outer oil seal is sleeved on the bearing inner ring of the outer bearing in a sealing mode and is pressed in the bearing seat in an interference fit mode, the inner oil seal and the outer oil seal form a sealed bearing space, and the bearing space is filled with extreme pressure high-temperature-resistant lubricating grease at one time.

2. The large drop height wheel edge maintenance-free front axle assembly for the large bus passenger train as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the wheel hub flange and the wheel bolt are also included; the wheel bolts are pressed on the hub flange in an interference fit mode, the mounting bolts sequentially penetrate through the hub flange and the brake disc, and the hub flange and the brake disc are fixed on the front end face of a bearing seat of the hub bearing unit.

3. The large drop height wheel edge maintenance-free front axle assembly for the large bus passenger train as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the hub flange comprises an outer edge part for mounting wheel bolts and a central part for connecting the hub bearing unit and closing a bearing seat of the hub bearing unit; outer fringe portion takes shape with central part an organic whole, outer fringe portion circumference distributes has a plurality of wheel bolt mounting holes, the front side of central part is equipped with the location round platform that is used for wheel installation location, the rear side of central part is equipped with the round platform portion that is used for connecting brake disc and wheel hub bearing unit, the axial central part of round platform portion is equipped with the locating hole that is used for fixing a position the brake disc and is used for holding wheel hub lock nut's hemisphere cavity from the outside-in proper order, the outside circumference of hemisphere cavity distributes has a plurality of connecting bolt mounting holes that are used for connecting brake disc.

4. The large drop height wheel edge maintenance-free front axle assembly for the large bus passenger train according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the inner ring of the outer bearing is connected with the inner ring of the inner bearing through an elastic retainer ring arranged on the inner side surface of the inner bearing, and a middle sealing ring is arranged on the outer side surface of the joint of the two inner bearing rings.

5. The large drop height wheel edge maintenance-free front axle assembly for the large bus passenger train according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and a stop washer is also arranged between the hub bearing unit and the hub locking nut.

6. The large drop height wheel edge maintenance-free front axle assembly for the large bus passenger train according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the front axle is in a U-shaped beam structure with two high ends and a low middle part when being observed from the front, the bottom of the middle U-shaped part is lower than the center line of the wheel, the steering knuckle is arranged at the two end parts of the front axle through a main pin and a thrust bearing, and the steering straight pull rod arm is arranged below the front axle.