CN211116045U - Large-scale underground cavern excavation order rationality normal position detection structure - Google Patents
Large-scale underground cavern excavation order rationality normal position detection structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN211116045U CN211116045U CN201921579227.0U CN201921579227U CN211116045U CN 211116045 U CN211116045 U CN 211116045U CN 201921579227 U CN201921579227 U CN 201921579227U CN 211116045 U CN211116045 U CN 211116045U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a large-scale underground cavern excavation order rationality normal position detects structure is applicable to large-scale underground cavern, especially water and electricity underground factory building, underground oil storage storehouse, secret nuclear waste material processing storehouse etc.. The utility model provides a large-scale underground cavern excavation order rationality normal position detects structure through the pre-buried inspection hole of rational arrangement, detects hole and later stage inspection hole, detects the damage degree of depth of built-in fitting side opening and later stage inspection hole through the sound wave device, can detect the rationality of large-scale underground cavern excavation process for the damaged degree of country rock and the scope of underground cavern reach the minimum, thereby ensure the safe excavation of underground cavern, and support the optimal design for it and provide the reference foundation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a large-scale underground cavern excavation order rationality normal position detects structure is applicable to large-scale underground cavern, especially water and electricity underground factory building, underground oil storage storehouse, secret nuclear waste material processing storehouse etc..
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, the number of underground buildings is more and more, and the scale of the underground buildings is larger and larger. The canyon high dam which is in operation after 90 years basically adopts underground factory building structures, such as white crane beach, stream luodie, big hillock and the like, and the design of hydropower stations in China is developing towards a single machine with large capacity, large span of factory building caverns and large scale and ultra-large scale. For example, the underground powerhouse grotto group of the world maximum hydropower station-white crane beach hydropower station under construction has the total excavation mileage of about 210 km and the total excavation amount of 2500 ten thousand meters3Four chambers such as an underground factory building, a main transformer hole, a draft tube access gate chamber, a tail water surge chamber and the like are arranged in parallel. The underground plant is 438m long, 88.7 m high and 34.0 m long, and is the underground plant with the largest span in the building, hydropower engineering. The length of the main transformer hole is 368 m, the width is 21m, the height is 39.5 m, and the thickness of the rock pillar between the main transformer hole and the underground workshop is 60.65 m. The left bank and the right bank are respectively provided with 4 cylindrical tail water surge chambers, the maximum excavation diameter is 48 m, and the maximum excavation height of a vertical shaft is 93 m. Therefore, in the underground factory building system, the large and small chambers and tunnels are interwoven together to form a large and complex underground chamber group.
The underground cavern is in an initial balance state before excavation, surrounding rock stress redistribution is caused by construction excavation, physical and mechanical effects of surrounding rocks in the cavern excavation depend on surrounding rock characteristics, surrounding rock geological states and excavation modes, particularly the construction of large underground cavern groups, full-section one-step tunneling cannot be realized, reasonable excavation modes divided into blocks in different periods need to be selected according to conditions such as rock mass characteristics, construction period and the like, and different excavation procedures mean that the surrounding rocks are unloaded in different modes in space and time, so that great difference occurs in damage range and degree of the surrounding rocks. The process is usually an irreversible nonlinear evolution process, the final state of the process is not unique but is closely related to the excavation process, and how to select a reasonable excavation sequence is important to the success or failure of the project.
Although abundant construction experience is accumulated in the excavation of large underground caverns in China and certain theoretical and experimental researches are also carried out, the selection of the initial program of the large underground cavern is still in an empirical and semi-empirical state.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a large-scale underground cavern excavation order rationality normal position detection structure to the technical problem that above-mentioned exists.
To this end, the above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the in-situ detection structure for the rationality of the excavation sequence of the large underground cavern is characterized by comprising three detection holes, wherein an acoustic wave device is arranged in each detection hole, each detection hole comprises a top detection hole and side detection holes, the top detection holes are arranged near the top arch of the large underground cavern, and the side detection holes are two and are arranged near the side walls on two sides of the large underground cavern; the underground cavern comprises an area I and an area II which are positioned on the upper half section of the cavern, and an area III and an area IV which are positioned on the lower half section of the cavern, wherein the area I and the area III are positioned in the middle, and the area II and the area III are respectively positioned on two sides of the area I and the area III; three pre-buried detection holes are arranged between the top detection hole and the top arch contour line of the large underground cavern and are respectively arranged at the middle positions of top arches of the area I and the area II, two pre-buried detection holes are respectively arranged between the side detection hole and the side wall contour line of the large underground cavern and are respectively arranged at the position of an arch shoulder of the area II and the position of an arch foot of the area IV, and the two pre-buried detection holes respectively penetrate through the area II and the area IV; the large underground cavern excavation sequence rationality in-situ detection structure further comprises a plurality of later-stage detection holes, wherein two radial later-stage detection holes are respectively arranged at the edge of the area I towards the arch shoulder direction of the area II, and two radial later-stage detection holes are respectively arranged at the edge of the area III towards the arch foot direction of the area IV; and the position of the later-stage detection hole and the position of the pre-buried detection hole are not overlapped.
As a preferable technical scheme of the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the contour line of the detection hole from the large underground cavern is one time of the diameter of the cavern to be excavated, so that the disturbance effect of the cavern group is avoided.
The utility model discloses still provide the second scheme of large-scale underground cavern excavation sequence rationality normal position detection structure, as follows:
the in-situ detection structure for the rationality of the excavation sequence of the large underground cavern is characterized by comprising three detection holes, wherein an acoustic wave device is arranged in each detection hole, each detection hole comprises a top detection hole and side detection holes, the top detection holes are arranged near the top arch of the large underground cavern, and the side detection holes are two and are arranged near the side walls on two sides of the large underground cavern; the underground cavern comprises an area I and an area II which are positioned on the upper half section of the cavern, and an area III and an area IV which are positioned on the lower half section of the cavern, wherein the area I and the area III are positioned in the middle, and the area II and the area III are respectively positioned on two sides of the area I and the area III; three pre-buried detection holes are arranged between the top detection hole and the top arch contour line of the large underground cavern and are respectively arranged at the middle positions of top arches of the area I and the area II, and two pre-buried detection holes are respectively arranged between the side detection hole and the side wall contour line of the large underground cavern and are respectively arranged at the position of an arch shoulder of the area II and the position of an arch foot of the area IV; large-scale underground cavern excavation order rationality normal position detection structure still includes many later stages inspection socket, the I district edge arranges the position of two radial later stage inspection sockets and later stage inspection socket respectively to the hunch foot direction in III district and does not form overlapping with the position of pre-buried inspection socket and arranges.
As a preferable technical scheme of the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the contour line of the detection hole from the large underground cavern is one time of the diameter of the cavern to be excavated, so that the disturbance effect of the cavern group is avoided.
The utility model provides a large-scale underground cavern excavation order rationality normal position detects structure through the pre-buried inspection hole of rational arrangement, detects hole and later stage inspection hole, detects the damage degree of depth of built-in fitting side opening and later stage inspection hole through the sound wave device, can detect the rationality of large-scale underground cavern excavation process for the damaged degree of country rock and the scope of underground cavern reach the minimum, thereby ensure the safe excavation of underground cavern, and support the optimal design for it and provide the reference foundation.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a cross-sectional view of a scheme 1 of a rationality in-situ detection structure of an excavation sequence of a large underground cavern;
FIG. 1b is a schematic cross-sectional view of the late stage detection hole of scheme 1;
FIG. 2a is a cross-sectional view of a scheme 2 of a rationality in-situ detection structure of an excavation sequence of a large underground cavern;
FIG. 2b is a cross-sectional view of the late stage detection hole of scheme 2.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Scheme 1:
the large underground cavern excavation sequence rationality in-situ detection structure comprises three detection holes, wherein an acoustic wave device is arranged in each detection hole, each detection hole comprises a top detection hole 101 and side detection holes 102 and 103, the top detection hole 101 is arranged near a crown of the large underground cavern, and the side detection holes 102 and 103 are arranged near side walls on two sides of the large underground cavern; the underground cavern comprises an area I and an area II which are positioned on the upper half section of the cavern, and an area III and an area IV which are positioned on the lower half section of the cavern, wherein the area I and the area III are positioned in the middle, and the area II and the area III are respectively positioned on two sides of the area I and the area III; three pre-buried detection holes 111, 112 and 117 are arranged between the top detection hole 101 and the top arch contour line of the large underground cavern and are respectively arranged at the middle positions of the top arches of the area I and the area II, pre-buried detection holes 113 and 116 are respectively arranged between the side detection holes 102 and 103 and the side wall contour line of the large underground cavern, the pre-buried detection holes 113 and 116 are respectively arranged at the position of the arch shoulder of the area II, the pre-buried detection holes 114 and 115 are respectively arranged at the position of the arch foot of the area IV, and the pre-buried detection holes 113 and 116 respectively penetrate through the area II and the area IV; the large underground cavern excavation sequence rationality in-situ detection structure further comprises a plurality of later-stage detection holes 121-124, wherein two radial later-stage detection holes 121-122 are respectively arranged at the edge of the area I in the direction of the arch shoulder of the area II, and two radial later-stage detection holes 123-124 are respectively arranged at the edge of the area III in the direction of the arch foot of the area IV; and the positions of the later- stage detection holes 121 and 124 and the positions of the embedded detection holes 111 and 117 do not form overlapping arrangement.
The contour line of the detection hole 101-103 from the large underground cavern is one time of the diameter of the excavated cavern, so that the disturbance effect of the cavern group is avoided.
Scheme 2:
two pre-buried detection holes are respectively arranged between the side detection hole and the side wall contour line of the large underground cavern and are respectively arranged at the position of an arch shoulder of the area II and the position of an arch foot of the area IV; the rationality in-situ detection structure for the excavation sequence of the large underground cavern further comprises a plurality of later-stage detection holes, two radial later- stage detection holes 131 and 132 are respectively arranged at the edge of the I region towards the arch foot direction of the III region, and the positions of the later- stage detection holes 131 and 132 and the positions of the embedded detection holes 111 and 117 are not overlapped. The other structural arrangements are the same as scheme 1.
Specifically, a reasonable excavation sequence is determined by:
A. excavating an area I, and then excavating an area II, an area III and an area IV, adopting a scheme 1, as shown in figures 1a-1 b:
① excavating an I area, forming a middle pilot tunnel in the middle, arranging sound wave devices in the top detection tunnel and the side detection tunnels, and reflecting the damage depth caused by I area excavation by embedding detection holes 111, 113 and 116 at the moment.
②, a space formed by excavation of the area I is utilized, the later- stage detection holes 121 and 122 are arranged on the arch shoulder of the area II, the sound wave device is arranged in the area I, then the area II is excavated, and the damage depth caused by excavation of the area II is reflected by the pre-buried detection holes 112 and 117 and the later- stage detection holes 121 and 122.
③ digging III area, the pre-buried inspection holes 114 and 115 reflect the damage depth caused by III area digging.
④, excavating a space formed by III-area excavation, arranging later- stage detection holes 123 and 124 at the arch springing of the IV-area, arranging a sound wave device in the III-area, and excavating the IV-area, wherein the later- stage detection holes 123 and 124 represent the damage depth caused by the IV-area excavation.
B. Excavating an area II, excavating an area I, an area IV and an area III, adopting a scheme 2, and as shown in figures 2a-2 b:
① digging II area, the pre-buried inspection holes 112, 113, 116 and 117 represent the damage depth caused by the II area digging.
② excavation I area, the pre-buried inspection hole 111 represents the damage depth caused by I area excavation.
③ excavation IV area, the pre-buried inspection holes 114, 115 represent the damage depth caused by the IV area excavation.
④ the cross section formed by I area excavation is used, the later stage detection holes 131 and 132 are arranged towards the arch springing at the two sides of the III area, then the acoustic wave device is arranged in the I area, and then the III area is excavated, at this time, the later stage detection holes 131 and 132 represent the damage depth of the III area.
The damage depth caused by excavation of different partitions under different excavation sequences can be accurately detected by using two in-situ detection structures of the scheme 1 and the scheme 2, and the excavation sequence with the minimum damage degree to the surrounding rock can be determined by comparing the difference between the damage depths.
The above detailed description is provided for explaining the present invention, and is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not for limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made by the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The in-situ detection structure for the rationality of the excavation sequence of the large underground cavern is characterized by comprising three detection holes, wherein an acoustic wave device is arranged in each detection hole, each detection hole comprises a top detection hole and side detection holes, the top detection holes are arranged near the top arch of the large underground cavern, and the side detection holes are two and are arranged near the side walls on two sides of the large underground cavern; the underground cavern comprises an area I and an area II which are positioned on the upper half section of the cavern, and an area III and an area IV which are positioned on the lower half section of the cavern, wherein the area I and the area III are positioned in the middle, and the area II and the area III are respectively positioned on two sides of the area I and the area III; three pre-buried detection holes are arranged between the top detection hole and the top arch contour line of the large underground cavern and are respectively arranged at the middle positions of top arches of the area I and the area II, two pre-buried detection holes are respectively arranged between the side detection hole and the side wall contour line of the large underground cavern and are respectively arranged at the position of an arch shoulder of the area II and the position of an arch foot of the area IV, and the two pre-buried detection holes respectively penetrate through the area II and the area IV; the large underground cavern excavation sequence rationality in-situ detection structure further comprises a plurality of later-stage detection holes, wherein two radial later-stage detection holes are respectively arranged at the edge of the area I towards the arch shoulder direction of the area II, and two radial later-stage detection holes are respectively arranged at the edge of the area III towards the arch foot direction of the area IV; and the position of the later-stage detection hole and the position of the pre-buried detection hole are not overlapped.
2. The structure for detecting the rationality of the excavation sequence of the large underground cavern according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the detection hole and the contour line of the large underground cavern is one time of the diameter of the excavated cavern.
3. The in-situ detection structure for the rationality of the excavation sequence of the large underground cavern is characterized by comprising three detection holes, wherein an acoustic wave device is arranged in each detection hole, each detection hole comprises a top detection hole and side detection holes, the top detection holes are arranged near the top arch of the large underground cavern, and the side detection holes are two and are arranged near the side walls on two sides of the large underground cavern; the underground cavern comprises an area I and an area II which are positioned on the upper half section of the cavern, and an area III and an area IV which are positioned on the lower half section of the cavern, wherein the area I and the area III are positioned in the middle, and the area II and the area III are respectively positioned on two sides of the area I and the area III; three pre-buried detection holes are arranged between the top detection hole and the top arch contour line of the large underground cavern and are respectively arranged at the middle positions of top arches of the area I and the area II, and two pre-buried detection holes are respectively arranged between the side detection hole and the side wall contour line of the large underground cavern and are respectively arranged at the position of an arch shoulder of the area II and the position of an arch foot of the area IV; large-scale underground cavern excavation order rationality normal position detection structure still includes many later stages inspection socket, the I district edge arranges the position of two radial later stage inspection sockets and later stage inspection socket respectively to the hunch foot direction in III district and does not form overlapping with the position of pre-buried inspection socket and arranges.
4. The structure for detecting the rationality of the excavation sequence of the large underground cavern according to claim 3, wherein the distance between the detection hole and the contour line of the large underground cavern is one time of the diameter of the excavated cavern.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112129183A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-25 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Hyperboloid cave depot dome accurate and rapid forming blasting excavation method |
| CN112901182A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-04 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Eight-part excavation construction method for reserving double rock pillar supports in large-span underground cave depot |
| CN114320340A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-12 | 中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Large-span pillar-free underground tunnel structure and method based on advanced pilot tunnel and counter-pulling anchor cable |
| CN114483110A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-05-13 | 湖南科技大学 | Oblique grouting water plugging construction method for top plate of underground large chamber |
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2019
- 2019-09-23 CN CN201921579227.0U patent/CN211116045U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112129183A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-25 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Hyperboloid cave depot dome accurate and rapid forming blasting excavation method |
| CN112901182A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-04 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Eight-part excavation construction method for reserving double rock pillar supports in large-span underground cave depot |
| CN114320340A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-12 | 中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Large-span pillar-free underground tunnel structure and method based on advanced pilot tunnel and counter-pulling anchor cable |
| CN114320340B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-09-12 | 中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Large-span non-column underground tunnel structure and method based on advanced pilot tunnel and opposite-pulling anchor cable |
| CN114483110A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-05-13 | 湖南科技大学 | Oblique grouting water plugging construction method for top plate of underground large chamber |
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