CN211113573U - Sampling soil breaking and pore forming device - Google Patents
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title abstract description 42
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于土工模型试验装置领域,具体涉及一种取样破土成孔装置。The utility model belongs to the field of geotechnical model test devices, in particular to a soil-breaking and hole-forming device for sampling.
背景技术Background technique
土工离心模型试验为利用离心机所提供的离心力模拟重力,按相似准则,将原型的几何形状按比例缩小,采用相同物理性状的土体制成模型,使其在离心力场中的应力状态与原型在重力场中一致,以研究工程性状的测试技术,是用来解决工程实际问题与理论研究的一种手段。利用土工模型试验模拟原型土工结构的受力、变形和破坏,验证设计方案,进行材料参数研究、验证数学模型及数值分析计算结果,在岩土工程领域应用广泛。The geotechnical centrifugal model test is to use the centrifugal force provided by the centrifuge to simulate the gravity. According to the similar principle, the geometric shape of the prototype is scaled down, and the soil with the same physical properties is used to make a model, so that the stress state in the centrifugal force field is the same as that of the prototype. Consistency in the gravitational field is a test technology to study engineering properties, which is a means to solve practical engineering problems and theoretical research. The geotechnical model test is used to simulate the stress, deformation and failure of the prototype geotechnical structure, verify the design scheme, conduct material parameter research, verify the mathematical model and numerical analysis calculation results, and is widely used in the field of geotechnical engineering.
模型试验的过程包括了土的装箱和拆卸,对土的一些物理性质的确定,在土层中打孔埋置实验器材等。在实验中测定土的抗剪强度比较简单的试验有直接剪切试验,一般在模型试验结束后直接在模型箱的土层中取样,使用击实锤将环刀打入土层中取样。在某些模型试验过程中,会进行与桩相关的试验,例如:某工程需要加宽路面,路基采用桩基础,需要研究新桩对旧桩的影响。实验过程就需要先打入一根桩进行实验,是为旧桩。经过实验之后的土压实程度很高,而埋置新桩需要打孔,此时使用人力打孔难度较大易偏斜且精确度不高。另外在试验结束后,我们通常要拆箱,把土从模型箱中取出来,然后进行后续工作,留作下一次试验待用,一般通过人力把土破碎,缓慢的把土清理干净,同样也是费时费力,效率不高。The process of the model test includes the packing and dismantling of the soil, the determination of some physical properties of the soil, and the drilling and embedding of experimental equipment in the soil layer. In the experiment, the simple test for measuring the shear strength of soil is the direct shear test. Generally, samples are taken directly in the soil layer of the model box after the model test is completed, and the ring knife is driven into the soil layer with a compaction hammer for sampling. During some model tests, tests related to piles will be carried out. For example, a project needs to widen the road surface, and the subgrade uses pile foundations. It is necessary to study the influence of new piles on old piles. During the experiment, it is necessary to drive a pile for the experiment, which is an old pile. The soil compaction degree after the experiment is very high, and the new piles need to be drilled. At this time, it is difficult to drill holes by manpower, which is easy to be skewed and the accuracy is not high. In addition, after the test, we usually have to unpack the box, take out the soil from the model box, and then carry out follow-up work, leaving it for the next test. Generally, the soil is broken by manpower, and the soil is slowly cleaned up. Time-consuming and labor-intensive, and inefficient.
实用新型内容Utility model content
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题,本实用新型公开一种取样破土成孔装置,更换部件即可实现破土、取样以及成孔,使用方便,而且成孔质量高。In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model discloses a soil-breaking and hole-forming device for sampling, which can realize soil-breaking, sampling and hole-forming by replacing parts, which is convenient to use and has high hole-forming quality.
利用集三种功能于一身的新型装置来完成取样、破土和成孔等这些冗杂、反复的工作。The complicated and repetitive work of sampling, breaking ground and hole forming is completed with a new type of device that integrates three functions.
为了实现上述目的,本实用新型采用的技术方案是,一种取样破土成孔装置,包括液压动力装置、液压伸缩杆、护筒、环刀、破土锥以及成孔筒;其中,液压伸缩杆的输入端连接液压动力装置的输出端,液压伸缩杆穿入护筒,并与护筒的顶部连接;液压伸缩杆输出端开设内螺纹孔;液压伸缩杆的输出端连接环刀、破土锥或成孔筒;环刀的顶部设置连接板,环刀通过连接板与液压伸缩杆的输出端连接;破土锥和成孔筒均通过螺纹连接杆与液压伸缩杆的下端连接;护筒的外侧设置有圆环,圆环垂直于护筒的轴线。In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is a sampling earth-breaking hole-forming device, including a hydraulic power device, a hydraulic telescopic rod, a protective tube, a ring knife, a soil-breaking cone and a hole-forming cylinder; The input end is connected to the output end of the hydraulic power unit, and the hydraulic telescopic rod penetrates into the casing and is connected to the top of the casing; the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is provided with an internal threaded hole; the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is connected to a ring cutter, a ground breaking cone or hole cylinder; the top of the ring knife is provided with a connecting plate, and the ring knife is connected with the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod through the connecting plate; the ground breaking cone and the hole forming cylinder are connected with the lower end of the hydraulic telescopic rod through the threaded connecting rod; the outer side of the protective cylinder is provided with a Ring, the ring is perpendicular to the axis of the casing.
连接板的底面沿圆周方向设置有若干夹紧螺栓,夹紧螺栓的螺母与连接板的底面固定连接,环刀设置在夹紧螺栓的中间。The bottom surface of the connecting plate is provided with several clamping bolts along the circumferential direction, the nuts of the clamping bolts are fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the connecting plate, and the ring cutter is arranged in the middle of the clamping bolts.
连接板的中心开设连接孔,连接螺栓穿过所述连接孔与液压伸缩杆输出端的内螺纹孔。The center of the connecting plate is provided with a connecting hole, and the connecting bolt passes through the connecting hole and the inner thread hole of the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod.
连接板的中心开设螺纹连接孔,螺纹连接孔与液压伸缩杆输出端的内螺纹孔之间设置双头螺杆。The center of the connecting plate is provided with a threaded connection hole, and a double-ended screw is arranged between the threaded connection hole and the inner threaded hole of the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod.
破土锥包括若干平行设置的铁锥,所述铁锥的顶部设置连接杆件或连接盘,所述连接杆件的一端与铁锥的顶端连接,另一端均连接螺纹连接杆,连接盘的底面与铁锥的顶端连接,连接盘的顶面设置螺纹连接杆,所述螺纹连接杆的顶部设置外螺纹,螺纹连接杆与液压伸缩杆输出端的内螺纹孔连接。The earth-breaking cone includes several iron cones arranged in parallel, the top of the iron cone is provided with a connecting rod or a connecting plate, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the top of the iron cone, the other end is connected with a threaded connecting rod, and the bottom surface of the connecting plate is connected. It is connected with the top end of the iron cone, the top surface of the connecting plate is provided with a threaded connecting rod, the top of the threaded connecting rod is provided with an external thread, and the threaded connecting rod is connected with the internal threaded hole of the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod.
护筒的底端设置护筒刃脚。The bottom end of the protective tube is provided with a protective tube blade foot.
成孔筒的下端设置刃脚。The lower end of the hole-forming cylinder is provided with a blade foot.
所述圆环上表面设置两个水平仪,两个水平仪之间设置有夹角。Two levels are set on the upper surface of the ring, and an included angle is set between the two levels.
与现有技术相比,本实用新型至少具有以下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present utility model at least has the following beneficial effects:
本实用新型提供的取样破土成孔装置集三种功能于一身,通过液压动力装置控制液压伸缩杆的升降,在装置下端可分别可拆卸连接环刀、破土锥或成孔筒;通过液压动力把环刀压入土中,取土完成后,把环刀和土样一起取出来;环刀取样更加方便,对待测式样破坏较小,对原状土的扰动较小,可以从模型箱中任何位置取得土样;通过液压伸缩杆将破土锥通过液压动力插入土层,使土层开裂;护筒外侧设置圆环,有助于在向下施压时保持竖直,将成孔筒压入土体,拔出成孔筒时,筒内土体跟随成孔筒一起拔出,得到需要的桩孔,对周围土体影响较小,孔壁平整,孔不倾斜,方便把桩体放进去;采用液压作为动力有效提高取样、破土及成孔效率。The sampling soil-breaking and hole-forming device provided by the utility model integrates three functions. The lifting and lowering of the hydraulic telescopic rod is controlled by the hydraulic power device. The ring knife is pressed into the soil. After the soil sampling is completed, the ring knife and the soil sample are taken out together; the ring knife is more convenient for sampling, the damage to the sample to be tested is less, and the disturbance to the original soil is small, and can be obtained from any position in the model box. Soil sample; the soil-breaking cone is inserted into the soil layer by hydraulic power through the hydraulic telescopic rod, so that the soil layer is cracked; a ring is set on the outer side of the protective tube, which helps to maintain the vertical when the downward pressure is applied, and the hole-forming cylinder is pressed into the soil body. When pulling out the hole-forming cylinder, the soil in the cylinder is pulled out together with the hole-forming cylinder to obtain the required pile hole, which has little influence on the surrounding soil, the hole wall is flat, and the hole is not inclined, so it is convenient to put the pile body in; As a power, it can effectively improve the efficiency of sampling, ground breaking and hole forming.
进一步的,环刀通过若干夹紧螺栓固定在连接杆下端的钢板上,同时连接杆与液压机的下端连接,能实现更换不同直径的环刀。Further, the ring cutter is fixed on the steel plate at the lower end of the connecting rod through several clamping bolts, and at the same time the connecting rod is connected with the lower end of the hydraulic press, so that ring knives of different diameters can be replaced.
进一步的,采用不同尺寸的成孔筒能根据不同需求形成桩孔,Further, the use of hole-forming cylinders of different sizes can form pile holes according to different requirements,
进一步的,成孔筒下端设置刃脚,方便刺入土中。Further, the lower end of the hole-forming cylinder is provided with a blade foot, which is convenient for piercing into the soil.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为环刀取样装置整体示意图。Figure 1 is an overall schematic diagram of the ring knife sampling device.
图2为图1中A-A面剖视示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the A-A plane in FIG. 1 .
图3为图1中B-B面剖视示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the B-B plane in FIG. 1 .
图4为破土装置整体示意图。Figure 4 is an overall schematic diagram of the ground breaking device.
图5为破土锥放大图。Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the ground breaking cone.
图6为图4中C-C面剖视示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the C-C plane in FIG. 4 .
图7为成孔装置示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a hole-forming device.
图8为各种孔径的成孔筒示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a hole-forming cylinder with various apertures.
图9为图7中D-D面剖视图。FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the D-D plane in FIG. 7 .
附图中,1-液压装置,2-连接杆,3-夹紧螺栓,4-环刀,5-护筒刃脚,6-护筒,7-破土锥,8-成孔筒。In the drawings, 1-hydraulic device, 2-connecting rod, 3-clamping bolt, 4-ring knife, 5-tube guard blade foot, 6-tube guard, 7-earth-breaking cone, 8-hole-forming tube.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例以及附图对本实用新型进行详细阐述。The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
如图1~图3、一种取样破土成孔装置,包括液压动力装置1、液压伸缩杆、护筒6、环刀4、破土锥7以及成孔筒8;其中,液压伸缩杆的输入端连接液压动力装置1的输出端,液压伸缩杆穿入护筒6,并与护筒6的顶部连接;液压伸缩杆输出端开设内螺纹孔;液压伸缩杆的输出端连接环刀4、破土锥7或成孔筒8;环刀4的顶部设置连接板,环刀4通过连接板与液压伸缩杆的输出端连接;破土锥7和成孔筒8均通过螺纹连接杆与液压伸缩杆的输出端连接;连接板的底面沿圆周方向设置有若干夹紧螺栓3,夹紧螺栓3的螺母与连接板的底面固定连接,环刀4设置在夹紧螺栓3的中间;As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a sampling soil-breaking hole-forming device includes a
如图5、图6所示,破土锥7包括若干平行设置的铁锥,所述铁锥的顶部设置连接杆件或连接盘,所述连接杆件的一端与铁锥的顶端连接,另一端均连接螺纹连接杆,连接盘的底面与铁锥的顶端连接,连接盘的顶面设置螺纹连接杆,所述螺纹连接杆的顶部设置外螺纹,螺纹连接杆与液压伸缩杆输出端的内螺纹孔连接。As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , the earth-breaking
作为一个可选实施例,连接板的中心开设连接孔,连接螺栓穿过所述连接孔与液压伸缩杆输出端的内螺纹孔。As an optional embodiment, a connecting hole is formed in the center of the connecting plate, and the connecting bolt passes through the connecting hole and the internal thread hole of the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod.
连接板的中心开设螺纹连接孔,螺纹连接孔与液压伸缩杆输出端的内螺纹孔之间设置双头螺杆。The center of the connecting plate is provided with a threaded connection hole, and a double-ended screw is arranged between the threaded connection hole and the inner threaded hole of the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod.
如图1和图4所示,护筒6的底端设置护筒刃脚5。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , the bottom end of the
成孔筒8的直径分别为30mm、60mm、90mm。The diameters of the hole-forming
如图7和图8所示,成孔筒8的顶部设置螺纹连接杆,通过螺纹连接杆与液压伸缩杆的输出端连接;成孔筒8的下端设置刃脚。As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the top of the hole-forming
具体使用方式如下:The specific usage is as follows:
环刀取样装置:在液压装置1的下端通过连接杆2连接一个钢板,在钢板的四周设置有四个夹紧螺栓3,把环刀4放入四个夹紧螺栓3的空隙中,然后调节夹紧螺栓3,把环刀4牢固的固定住,夹紧螺栓3也可以满足大小不同口径的环刀4,以此可以取得不同大小的土样。用液压动力装置1提供动力,环刀4随着夹紧螺栓3在液压动力装置1的作用下缓慢的进入土体,待达到需要的深度后,土样充满整个环刀4,然后环刀4再次由液压动力装置1提供动力上升,完整地取出待测土样,之后进行直剪等其它土工试验;整个环刀取样装置可以从液压装置1上拆卸下来,用于更换其他装置,同时在护筒6的下部设置有护筒刃脚5,用于把整体装置插入土体中、以稳固装置。Ring knife sampling device: connect a steel plate at the lower end of the
破土装置:在液压动力装置1的下端连接有破土锥7,破土锥7包括四个带有利刺的铁锥,同时破土锥7与液压动力装置1可拆卸连接,用液压动力装置1提供动力,然后控制液压动力装置使破土锥7插入土层,由于破土锥7的作用,实现土层开裂,然后破土锥7离开土体,在土体其他位置重复进行上述破土过程,最后把待处理区域全部破碎完成,然后进行后续试验,更加省时省力,效率高。Earth-breaking device: a soil-breaking
成孔装置:在液压动力装置1的下端连接成孔筒8,成孔筒8与液压动力装置1可拆卸连接,有不同直径大小的成孔筒8,可以根据实验要求进行选择,同时成孔筒8的下端设置有刃脚,方便刺入土中,利用液压动力装置1提供动力,将成孔筒8压入土中,待成孔筒8达到设定深度后,再次通过液压动力装置1提供动力将成孔筒8拔出土体,同时成孔筒8筒内土体跟随成孔筒8一起拔出,这样就得到需要的桩孔,使用本装置在土体中成孔对周围土体影响较小,孔壁平整,孔不倾斜,方便把桩体放进去。Hole-forming device: a hole-forming
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