CN211063582U - Power divider circuit and power divider - Google Patents
Power divider circuit and power divider Download PDFInfo
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- CN211063582U CN211063582U CN202020303251.8U CN202020303251U CN211063582U CN 211063582 U CN211063582 U CN 211063582U CN 202020303251 U CN202020303251 U CN 202020303251U CN 211063582 U CN211063582 U CN 211063582U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the utility model discloses ware circuit is divided to merit and merit divides ware. The power divider circuit includes: at least two transmission line branches; the first ends of the at least two transmission line branches are electrically connected with the input end of the power divider circuit, and the second ends of the transmission line branches are electrically connected with the at least two output ends of the power divider circuit in a one-to-one correspondence manner; at least one of the transmission line branches includes a transmission line circuit, the transmission line circuit including: the inductor comprises a first coupling inductor, a second coupling inductor, a series capacitor and a parallel capacitor, wherein the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor are arranged in a mutual inductance coupling mode. The embodiment of the utility model provides a can realize the merit and divide the small-size and harmonic suppression effect of ware circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the utility model provides a ware technique is divided to the merit, especially relates to a ware circuit is divided to merit and ware is divided to merit.
Background
The power divider is a device which divides one path of input signal into two paths or outputs equal or unequal energy, and can also combine the energy of multiple paths of signals into one path of output, and at the moment, the power divider also becomes a combiner. Power splitters have important applications in radio frequency and microwave systems.
However, the existing power divider has the problems of large size, failure in achieving harmonic suppression effect and the like, and further application of the power divider is limited.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An embodiment of the utility model provides a ware circuit is divided to merit and merit divides ware to realize that the merit divides the small-size and harmonic suppression effect of ware circuit.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power divider circuit, the power divider circuit includes: at least two transmission line branches; the first ends of the at least two transmission line branches are electrically connected with the input end of the power divider circuit, and the second ends of the transmission line branches are electrically connected with the at least two output ends of the power divider circuit in a one-to-one correspondence manner; at least one of the transmission line branches includes a transmission line circuit, the transmission line circuit including: the circuit comprises a first coupling inductor, a second coupling inductor, a series capacitor and a parallel capacitor, wherein the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor are arranged in a mutual inductance coupling mode; the first end of the first coupling inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the parallel capacitor and then electrically connected with the first end of the transmission line branch circuit; the second end of the first coupling inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the series capacitor, and the second end of the series capacitor is grounded; and the first end of the second coupling inductor is electrically connected with the second end of the parallel capacitor and then electrically connected with the second end of the transmission line branch, and the second end of the second coupling inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the series capacitor.
Optionally, the at least two transmission line branches comprise a first transmission line branch and a second transmission line branch; each of the transmission line branches includes a transmission line circuit.
Optionally, the optical fiber coupler further comprises an isolation resistor, a first end of the isolation resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the first transmission line branch, and a second end of the isolation resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the second transmission line branch.
Optionally, the series capacitance, the parallel capacitance, the first coupling inductance, the second coupling inductance, and the series capacitance satisfy the following relationship:
CS＝QCP；
wherein, Z isapnSetting a preset characteristic impedance value for the transmission line branch, wherein Q is a preset tuning coefficient value; said C ispIs the capacitance value of the parallel capacitor, CsThe capacitance value of the series capacitor is shown as L, the inductance values of the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor are shown as k, the coupling coefficient between the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor is shown as k, phi is a preset phase shift value of the transmission line branch, and f is the working frequency of the power divider circuit.
Optionally, the parallel capacitance is a variable capacitance.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a power divider, including the power divider circuit according to the first aspect.
In the technical scheme of this embodiment, the adopted power divider circuit includes at least two transmission line branches; the first ends of the at least two transmission line branches are electrically connected with the input end of the power divider circuit, and the second ends of the transmission line branches are electrically connected with the at least two output ends of the power divider circuit in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the at least one transmission line branch comprises a transmission line circuit comprising: the circuit comprises a first coupling inductor, a second coupling inductor, a series capacitor and a parallel capacitor, wherein the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor are arranged in a mutual inductance coupling mode; the first end of the first coupling inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the parallel capacitor and then electrically connected with the first end of the transmission line branch circuit; the second end of the first coupling inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the series capacitor, and the second end of the series capacitor is grounded; the first end of the second coupling inductor is electrically connected with the second end of the parallel capacitor and then electrically connected with the second end of the transmission line branch, and the second end of the second coupling inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the series capacitor. Because the overall size of the first coupling inductor, the second coupling inductor and the series capacitor is smaller than the size of the transmission line, the size of the transmission line circuit in the embodiment is smaller than that of the traditional transmission line under the condition of low frequency, so that the size of the branch of the transmission line is reduced, and the size of the power divider circuit is further reduced. And through setting up the shunt capacitance, can restrain the power matching of power divider circuit at the harmonic frequency department of operating frequency, and then reach the effect of harmonic suppression.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a power divider circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a transmission line circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a power divider circuit electrically connected to a load according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for designing a power divider circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an experimental result of insertion loss according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram of an experimental result of return loss at an input end provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is an experimental result diagram of the output end isolation provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
As mentioned in the background art, the existing power divider has a large size and cannot achieve the effects of harmonic suppression, etc., the applicant finds, through careful research, that the technical problem is caused in that the existing power divider is generally implemented by using a transmission line, the size of the transmission line is determined by the working frequency of the power divider, and in a low-frequency scene, because the wavelength of an input signal is long, the size of the transmission line with a corresponding electrical length is large, so that the size of the power divider is large; and because the transmission line has periodicity, the power divider also has a normal power matching function at the harmonic frequency point of the target working frequency, and the effect of harmonic suppression cannot be achieved.
Based on the technical problem, the utility model provides a following solution:
fig. 1 is the embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit structure diagram of a power divider circuit, fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit structure diagram of a transmission line circuit, refer to fig. 1 and fig. 2, and the power divider circuit 10 includes: at least two transmission line branches; the first ends of at least two transmission line branches are electrically connected with the input end 1 of the power divider circuit, and the second ends of the transmission line branches are electrically connected with at least two output ends of the power divider circuit in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the at least one transmission line branch comprises a transmission line circuit comprising: the inductor comprises a first coupling inductor 101, a second coupling inductor 102, a series capacitor 103 and a parallel capacitor 104, wherein the first coupling inductor 101 and the second coupling inductor 102 are arranged in a mutual inductance coupling mode; the first end of the first coupling inductor 101 is electrically connected with the first end of the parallel capacitor 104 and then electrically connected with the first end of the transmission line branch; the second end of the first coupling inductor 101 is electrically connected with the first end of the series capacitor 103, and the second end of the series capacitor 103 is grounded; a first end of the second coupling inductor 102 is electrically connected to a second end of the parallel capacitor 104 and then electrically connected to a second end of the transmission line branch, and a second end of the second coupling inductor 102 is electrically connected to a first end of the series capacitor 103.
Specifically, an input end 1 of the power divider circuit is used for inputting a main path signal, the main path signal is output from each output end of the power divider circuit through each transmission line branch circuit so as to complete a power distribution function, and the sum of the power of output signals of each output end of the power divider circuit is the same as the power of input signals of the input end; in this embodiment, at least one transmission line branch includes a transmission line circuit, and the remaining transmission line branches in the power divider circuit may be formed by transmission lines; in this embodiment, the structure formed by the first coupling inductor 101, the second coupling inductor 102 and the series capacitor 103 may be equivalent to a transmission line, which has a certain characteristic impedance value, and the characteristic impedance value of the transmission line branch can be determined by adjusting the relevant parameters of the first coupling inductor, the second coupling inductor and the series capacitor, so as to complete the power distribution function corresponding to the power divider. Because the overall size of the first coupling inductor, the second coupling inductor and the series capacitor is smaller than the size of the transmission line, the size of the transmission line circuit in the embodiment is smaller than that of the traditional transmission line under the condition of low frequency, so that the size of the branch of the transmission line is reduced, and the size of the power divider circuit is further reduced. And by arranging the parallel capacitor 104, the power matching of the power divider circuit at the harmonic frequency of the working frequency can be suppressed, and the effect of harmonic suppression is further achieved.
In the technical scheme of this embodiment, the adopted power divider circuit includes at least two transmission line branches; the first ends of the at least two transmission line branches are electrically connected with the input end of the power divider circuit, and the second ends of the transmission line branches are electrically connected with the at least two output ends of the power divider circuit in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the at least one transmission line branch comprises a transmission line circuit comprising: the circuit comprises a first coupling inductor, a second coupling inductor, a series capacitor and a parallel capacitor, wherein the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor are arranged in a mutual inductance coupling mode; the first end of the first coupling inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the parallel capacitor and then electrically connected with the first end of the transmission line branch circuit; the second end of the first coupling inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the series capacitor, and the second end of the series capacitor is grounded; the first end of the second coupling inductor is electrically connected with the second end of the parallel capacitor and then electrically connected with the second end of the transmission line branch, and the second end of the second coupling inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the series capacitor. Because the overall size of the first coupling inductor, the second coupling inductor and the series capacitor is smaller than the size of the transmission line, the size of the transmission line circuit in the embodiment is smaller than that of the traditional transmission line under the condition of low frequency, so that the size of the branch of the transmission line is reduced, and the size of the power divider circuit is further reduced. And through setting up the shunt capacitance, can restrain the power matching of power divider circuit at the harmonic frequency department of operating frequency, and then reach the effect of harmonic suppression.
Optionally, as illustrated in fig. 1, the at least two transmission line branches comprise a first transmission line branch APN1And APN2(ii) a Each transmission line branch comprises a transmission line circuit.
In particular, as shown in fig. 1, a first transmission line branch APN1Is electrically connected to the first output terminal 2 of the power divider circuit 10, and a second transmission line branch APN2Is electrically connected to the second output terminal 3 of the power divider circuit 10; the power divider circuit of this embodiment is a circuit corresponding to the wilkinson power divider, and is implemented by using transmission line circuits for both the first transmission line branch and the second transmission line branch, so that the size of the power divider circuit is further reduced, and the performance of harmonic suppression is further improved.
Optionally, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure that ware circuit and load electricity are connected is divided to merit that the embodiment of the present invention provides, refer to fig. 3, the merit divides the ware circuit to still include isolation resistor 201, and isolation resistor 201's first end is connected with the second end electricity of first transmission line branch road, and isolation resistor 201's second end is connected with the second end electricity of second transmission line branch road.
Specifically, the isolation resistor 201 can balance two output ports, namely a first output port 2 and a second output port 3, of the power divider circuit, so as to perform an isolation function; on the other hand, when one of the paths is open or short-circuited, the reflected power is absorbed by the isolation resistor. It should be noted that the first output terminal 2 of the power divider circuit 10 may be connected to a first load 202, the second output terminal 3 may be connected to a second load 203, and the first load 202 and the second load 203 affect the power division ratio of the output signals of the two output terminals of the power divider circuit.
Optionally, the series capacitance, the parallel capacitance, the first coupling inductance, the second coupling inductance, and the series capacitance satisfy the following relationship:
CS＝QCP；
wherein Z isapnSetting a preset characteristic impedance value for the transmission line branch, wherein Q is a preset tuning coefficient value; cpIs the capacitance value of the parallel capacitor, CsThe capacitance value of the series capacitor is L the inductance values of the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor, k the coupling coefficient between the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor, phi the preset phase shift value of the transmission line branch, and f the working frequency of the power divider circuit.
Specifically, when the working frequency f and the preset characteristic impedance value Z of the power divider circuit are determinedapnAfter the tuning coefficient Q and the phase shift value phi are preset, the capacitance value of the parallel capacitor, the capacitance value of the series capacitor, the inductance values of the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor, and the coupling coefficient can be determined through the above formulas. The bandwidth of the power divider circuit can be adjusted according to a preset tuning coefficient Q, and the larger the Q value is, the smaller the bandwidth is, and the smaller the Q value is, the larger the bandwidth is.
Optionally, the shunt capacitance is a variable capacitance.
Specifically, the parallel capacitor is set as the variable capacitor, and the preset tuning coefficient Q can be adjusted by adjusting the capacitance value of the parallel capacitor, so as to adjust the bandwidth of the power divider circuit, thereby further expanding the application range of the power divider circuit.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a ware is divided to merit is still provided, include the utility model discloses the merit that arbitrary embodiment provided divides the ware circuit. Because it contains the power divider circuit that the utility model discloses arbitrary embodiment provided, consequently also have same beneficial effect, no longer describe herein.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a design method of a power divider circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 4, the design method of the power divider includes:
step S110, determining the working frequency of the power divider circuit, and the preset characteristic impedance value, the preset phase shift value and the preset tuning coefficient value of the first transmission line branch and the second transmission line branch;
specifically, the power divider circuit includes: the first transmission line branch and the second transmission line branch are two transmission line branches; the first end of each transmission line branch is electrically connected with the input end of the power divider circuit, and the second end of each transmission line branch is electrically connected with the two output ends of the power divider circuit in a one-to-one correspondence manner; each transmission line branch includes a transmission line circuit, which includes: the circuit comprises a first coupling inductor, a second coupling inductor, a series capacitor and a parallel capacitor, wherein the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor are arranged in a mutual inductance coupling mode; the first end of the first coupling inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the parallel capacitor and then electrically connected with the first end of the transmission line branch circuit; the second end of the first coupling inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the series capacitor, and the second end of the series capacitor is grounded; the first end of the second coupling inductor is electrically connected with the second end of the parallel capacitor and then electrically connected with the second end of the transmission line branch, and the second end of the second coupling inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the series capacitor; when the power divider circuit is designed, the working frequency, the preset characteristic impedance value, the preset phase shift value and the preset tuning coefficient value of the first transmission line branch and the second transmission line branch can be determined according to design requirements.
Step S120, determining a capacitance value of a parallel capacitor, a capacitance value of a series capacitor, inductance values of a first coupling inductor and a second coupling inductor, and a coupling coefficient between the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor of the transmission line branch according to the characteristic impedance value, the preset phase shift value, the tuning coefficient value, and the preset formula.
Specifically, the transmission line branch in this embodiment is composed of a transmission line circuit, and the capacitance value of the parallel capacitor, the capacitance value of the series capacitor, the inductance values of the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor, and the coupling coefficient between the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor of the transmission line branch are determined, that is, all parameters of the transmission line branch are determined, thereby completing the design of the power divider circuit. In this embodiment, since the overall size of the first coupling inductor, the second coupling inductor, and the series capacitor is smaller than the size of the transmission line, under a low frequency condition, the size of the transmission line circuit in this embodiment is smaller than the size of the conventional transmission line, so that the size of the transmission line branch is reduced, and further the size of the power divider circuit is reduced. And through setting up the shunt capacitance, can restrain the power matching of power divider circuit at the harmonic frequency department of operating frequency, and then reach the effect of harmonic suppression.
Optionally, the preset formula includes:
CS＝QCP；
specifically, when the working frequency f and the preset characteristic impedance value Z of the power divider circuit are determinedapnAfter the tuning coefficient Q and the phase shift value phi are preset, the capacitance value of the parallel capacitor, the capacitance value of the series capacitor, the inductance values of the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor, and the coupling coefficient can be determined through the above formulas. The bandwidth of the power divider circuit can be adjusted according to a preset tuning coefficient Q, and the larger the Q value is, the smaller the bandwidth is, and the smaller the Q value is, the larger the bandwidth is.
Optionally, the characteristic impedance value of the first transmission line branch and the characteristic impedance value of the second transmission line branch are obtained by a characteristic impedance value of an input end of the power divider circuit, a power distribution ratio of output power of the second transmission line branch to output power of the first transmission line branch, and an impedance calculation formula.
Specifically, the impedance calculation formula is:
wherein Zapn1 is the characteristic impedance value of the first transmission line branch, Zapn2 is the characteristic impedance value of the second transmission line branch, η is the power distribution ratio of the output power of the second transmission line branch to the output power of the first transmission line branch, and Z0Before designing the power divider circuit, the power division ratio η between the output power of the second transmission line branch and the output power of the first transmission line branch and the characteristic impedance value Z of the input end can be set0If η is 1, it means that the output power of the first transmission line branch is the same as the output power of the second transmission line branch, and then the characteristic impedance value of each transmission line branch can be calculated according to the impedance calculation formula.
The following description is made with reference to specific embodiments:
for example, designing a 2.4GHz power divider circuit under a 50 ohm system, that is, Z0The value of (d) is 50 ohms, the working frequency f of the power divider circuit is 2.4GHz, and the parameters of the first transmission line branch and the second transmission line branch are the same.
Can be firstly based on
Determining a power division ratio, wherein P3For the output power value, P, of the second output of the power divider circuit2The output power value of the first output end; in this embodiment, since P3Is equal to P2I.e., η equals 1;
according to
Determining values of the first load 202 and the second load 203, wherein R2 is a resistance value of the first load 202 and R3 is a resistance value of the second load 203; in this example, R2＝R3＝50Ω；
According to
Determining the value of the isolation resistor 201, wherein R is the resistance value of the isolation resistor 201; in the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes are,
according to an impedance calculation formula
At the location of the operating frequency f it is set,
wherein phi isapn1Indicating a predetermined phase shift value, phi, of the first transmission line branchapn2Representing a preset phase shift value of the second transmission line branch;
can be obtained according to the formula
Wherein Q isapn1Representing a value of a preset tuning coefficient, Q, of a branch of the first transmission lineapn2Values of a preset tuning coefficient, C, representing the second transmission line branchp，apn1Representing the capacitance, C, of the series capacitance in the branch of the first transmission linep，apn2The capacitance value of the series capacitor in the first transmission line branch is represented, and the capacitance value of the series capacitor in the transmission line branch can be determined by setting a preset tuning coefficient;
set Qapn1＝Qapn20.06, each parameter is the same in first transmission line branch road and the second transmission line branch road, specifically is:
thus, the design of the power divider circuit is completed; fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an experimental result of insertion loss according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 6 is a diagram of an experimental result of return loss at an input end provided by an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an experimental result of the isolation of the output end according to an embodiment of the present invention; referring to fig. 5 to 7, a first curve 301 represents the insertion loss of the power divider circuit provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and a first contrast curve 302 represents the insertion loss of the existing power divider; a second curve 401 represents the input return loss of the power divider circuit provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and a second reference curve 402 represents the input return loss of the existing power divider; a third curve 501 represents the isolation of the power divider circuit provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and a third comparison curve 502 represents the isolation of the existing power divider; as can be seen from fig. 5 to fig. 7, the power divider circuit of the embodiment of the present invention can push the harmonic point to about 14GHz, and since the frequency of the harmonic point is higher, the power divider circuit has no harmonic point within the effective working bandwidth of the power divider circuit (e.g. lower than 12GHz), that is, the power divider circuit of the embodiment of the present invention can suppress the harmonic point; the conventional power divider has the problem of harmonic leakage at the positions of third harmonic (7.2GHz) and fifth harmonic (12GHz) of the working frequency (2.4 GHz).
It should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A power divider circuit, comprising:
at least two transmission line branches;
the first ends of the at least two transmission line branches are electrically connected with the input end of the power divider circuit, and the second ends of the transmission line branches are electrically connected with the at least two output ends of the power divider circuit in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
at least one of the transmission line branches includes a transmission line circuit, the transmission line circuit including: the circuit comprises a first coupling inductor, a second coupling inductor, a series capacitor and a parallel capacitor, wherein the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor are arranged in a mutual inductance coupling mode;
the first end of the first coupling inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the parallel capacitor and then electrically connected with the first end of the transmission line branch circuit; the second end of the first coupling inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the series capacitor, and the second end of the series capacitor is grounded; and the first end of the second coupling inductor is electrically connected with the second end of the parallel capacitor and then electrically connected with the second end of the transmission line branch, and the second end of the second coupling inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the series capacitor.
2. The power divider circuit of claim 1, wherein the at least two transmission line branches comprise a first transmission line branch and a second transmission line branch; each of the transmission line branches includes a transmission line circuit.
3. The power divider circuit of claim 2, further comprising an isolation resistor, a first end of the isolation resistor being electrically connected to the second end of the first transmission line leg, and a second end of the isolation resistor being electrically connected to the second end of the second transmission line leg.
4. The power divider circuit of claim 2, wherein the series capacitance, the parallel capacitance, the first coupling inductance, the second coupling inductance, and the series capacitance satisfy the following relationship:
CS＝QCP；
wherein, Z isapnSetting a preset characteristic impedance value for the transmission line branch, wherein Q is a preset tuning coefficient value; said C ispIs the capacitance value of the parallel capacitor, CsThe capacitance value of the series capacitor is shown as L, the inductance values of the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor are shown as k, the coupling coefficient between the first coupling inductor and the second coupling inductor is shown as k, phi is a preset phase shift value of the transmission line branch, and f is the working frequency of the power divider circuit.
5. The power divider circuit of claim 1, wherein the parallel capacitor is a variable capacitor.
6. A power divider comprising the power divider circuit of any one of claims 1-5.
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