CN211047235U - Farmland wireless sensor network - Google Patents
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- CN211047235U CN211047235U CN202020166120.XU CN202020166120U CN211047235U CN 211047235 U CN211047235 U CN 211047235U CN 202020166120 U CN202020166120 U CN 202020166120U CN 211047235 U CN211047235 U CN 211047235U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a farmland wireless sensor network belongs to wireless sensor technical field. The network comprises a collection node in the center of the communication area and sensor nodes distributed around the collection node; forming a plurality of radially distributed non-overlapping annular zones around the collection node; the sensor nodes are distributed in each annular area; the sensor nodes in the innermost annular area and the collection node establish a communication channel, and the sensor nodes in other annular areas and at least one sensor node in the adjacent inner annular area establish a communication channel; each sensor node also establishes a communication channel with at least one sensor node in the ring zone in which it is located. Based on the framework, a corresponding longer and longer communication rule is easy to set so as to enhance the stability and the durability of the network and ensure the reliability of data transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a farmland wireless sensor network belongs to wireless sensor technical field.
Background
The farmland wireless sensor network is influenced by the driving of production organization, and presents different characteristics in the aspects of network topology form, information transmission mode and the like: (1) in the farmland operation process, interference factors are numerous, the farmland is in a gradual change environment, the network deployment range is large, the deployment density is small, relay nodes need to be introduced and hierarchical clustering is carried out, the dynamic uncertainty of network behaviors is obviously improved due to factors such as dynamic isomerism and chain directional transmission, and the farmland wireless sensor network is promoted to present obvious topological changeability; (2) the large-area farmland monitoring area needs node cooperative monitoring, and the overlapping and obvious interaction of nodes and links between layers and clusters inevitably occurs, so that obvious cross coupling correlation and interlayer coupling correlation characteristics are presented; (3) the farmland wireless sensor network rarely has the problems of node failure, link recombination and the like caused by malicious attack, but the node movement is inevitably caused in the farmland operation process, so that the link dynamic recombination forms a new topology; (4) when different sensors complete the monitoring of the specific environmental factor, the power consumption of the sensors is very different. Different energy consumption speeds are necessarily caused due to different monitoring frequency and different environment objects monitored by each node. The crop production period is long and the node energy consumption is unbalanced, so that the whole network is in multi-level energy isomerism.
The above 4-aspect characteristics finally make the existing farmland wireless sensor network a network system with a typical intersection-interlayer coupling structure. In the existing agricultural sensor network communication, data is transmitted only according to the standard before the moment that the energy consumption is low in a single transmission mode or the residual energy of a next-level node is large in quantity in intensive agricultural sensor nodes, so that when a large number of sensors in a part of regions die due to uneven power consumption, the data transmission between an upstream sensor node on a communication link where the region is located and a base station is difficult to reliably and effectively guarantee, and the reliability and the stability of the whole sensor network are affected.
The arrangement mode of the sensor nodes and the randomness of the positions of the nodes of the existing farmland sensor network cause the existing farmland wireless sensor network to be inconvenient for cascade communication management and optimization, difficult to provide a hierarchical communication strategy aiming at the sensor network, and unable to formulate a longer communication rule to avoid communication obstacles in the network and improve the survivability of the network.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a farmland wireless sensor network for solve current farmland wireless sensor network and be not convenient for cascade communication strategy management and the problem that communication rule optimizes.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model discloses a scheme includes:
the utility model discloses a farmland wireless sensor network, which comprises a collection node positioned in the center of a communication area and sensor nodes distributed around the collection node; forming a plurality of radially distributed non-overlapping annular zones around the collection node; the sensor nodes are distributed in each annular area; the sensor nodes in the innermost annular area and the collection node establish a communication channel, and the sensor nodes in other annular areas and at least one sensor node in the adjacent inner annular area establish a communication channel; each sensor node also establishes a communication channel with at least one sensor node in the ring zone in which it is located.
The utility model discloses based on characteristics of farmland wireless sensor network, optimize each sensor node's the region of arranging, specifically use collection node (basic station) as the center, establish a plurality of nested cyclic annular sensor in proper order and arrange district (annular district), make sensor network form cyclic annular multistage framework, and establish the passageway to adjacent inlayer annular district transmission data and the passageway of same floor annular district transmission data, easily set for corresponding longer and more long communication rule based on this framework, with the stability and the persistence of reinforcing network, guarantee data transmission's reliability.
Further, the sensor nodes are arranged at intervals of a set distance in the annular area along the extending direction of the corresponding annular area.
The wireless sensor nodes are uniformly arranged in each annular area along the annular area, so that the problems that the transmission energy consumption of the area is increased and the communication link is not smooth and the signal is poor due to the fact that the sensor nodes in partial areas are too sparse are solved.
Further, the sensor node in the non-innermost annular zone establishes a communication channel with the closest sensor node in the adjacent inner annular zone.
The distance between the nodes establishing the communication channel with the inner layer annular area is the nearest, which is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption of the sensor network and prolonging the service life of the network.
Furthermore, each sensor node establishes a communication channel with the sensor node closest to the left side direction and the sensor node closest to the right side direction in the annular area where the sensor node is located.
In the same-layer annular area, a communication channel is established with the left node and the right node, so that the data channel of the same-layer annular area is widened, the feasibility of same-layer path finding in the data transmission process is improved, and the performance of resisting cascade failure of the network is ensured. Meanwhile, the left side node and the right side node which establish the communication channel are the nodes which are nearest to the node with the data transmission requirement, so that the single communication power consumption is reduced, and the service life of the network is prolonged.
Further, the number of sensor nodes in each annular region is determined according to the area of the corresponding annular region.
The number of the sensors is determined according to the area, so that the sensors in the whole farmland communication area or the monitoring area are uniformly distributed, and the conditions that the sensors in the middle are dense and the periphery is sparse are prevented.
Further, the initial load L of each sensor nodeniComprises the following steps:
wherein, LniRepresents the initial load of sensor node i of the nth layer, Ln+1Represents the initial load sum, T, of all sensor nodes of the n +1 th layernIndicating the number of sensor nodes in the nth layer.
Further, the capacity C of each sensor nodeniComprises the following steps:
wherein, CniDenotes the capacity of the sensor node i of the nth layer, α denotes a tolerance factor and α ≧ 0.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a communication area hierarchy diagram;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of networking.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The utility model discloses a farmland wireless sensor network structure as follows:
1. and (6) node deployment.
(1) In a region to be monitored in a farmland, deployment regions of a sink node (a base station with a data collecting function) and other sensor nodes (or other wireless nodes with a relay function) are determined as follows, as shown in fig. 1, the sink node 10 is arranged in the middle of the region to be monitored, and a monitoring region around the sink node is divided into 5 layers serving as node regions, including a first-layer node region 101, a second-layer node region 102, a third-layer node region 103, a fourth-layer node region 104 and a fifth-layer node region 105, wherein the five-layer node regions are deployment regions of the sensor nodes including the sensor nodes; specifically, each layer of node area is annular, an inner layer node area is surrounded in the middle of the annular area, and a sink node 10 is surrounded in the middle of the annular area by an innermost layer (i.e., a first layer node area 101) node area; further, each node area may be a concentric ring-shaped area with the sink node as a center. In this embodiment, the distance between adjacent ring-shaped node regions is defined as b equal to 10m, and the ring diameter width of each layer of ring-shaped node regions is defined as a equal to 5 m. And deploying the nodes in each layer of node area.
(2) In this embodiment, the ratio of the occupied areas of the first layer node region 101 to the fifth layer node region 105 is: 115:275:325:475:625, and node deployment is performed according to an area ratio to ensure uniform monitoring of a farmland area as much as possible, so that the number of nodes deployed in the first-layer node area 101 to the fifth-layer node area 105 is respectively 12, 28, 33, 48 and 63, all the nodes are located in the annular node area and are distributed uniformly as much as possible along the annular surface, the sensor deployment is shown in fig. 2, and the hollow dots in the annular node area represent sensor nodes.
2. And networking.
And networking after the node deployment is finished, wherein the networking principle is as follows:
(1) for the nodes in each non-first-layer node area 101, a communication channel between the node and the node in the node area located one layer inward from the node area (i.e., an adjacent inner-layer node area, hereinafter referred to as "inner-layer node area") is first established (the established communication channel is used for transmission of traffic data). In order to reduce communication power consumption, the node establishes a wireless communication channel with an inner layer node closest to the node in the inner layer node area.
Then, establishing a communication channel between the node and other nodes in the node area, wherein the communication channel is used as a backup communication channel (or link) when communication (data transmission) to the nodes in the inner-layer node area fails (for example, when the inner-layer connected nodes fail), and specifically, a wireless communication channel can be established with the node closest to the node in the node area; in this embodiment, each node establishes a communication channel with a node closest to itself in the left and right directions in the node area.
(2) For each node within the first level node zone 101, a communication channel is first established with the sink node 10. Then, as with the nodes in the other node areas, wireless communication channels between the nodes in the first-tier node area 101 and the other nodes in the first-tier node area 101 are established, that is, communication channels are established with the nodes closest to the nodes in the left and right directions, respectively, as backup communication channels when communication with the sink node 10 fails.
As shown in fig. 2, as for the nodes 11, 12, 13, and 14 in the fifth-layer node area 105 and the fourth-layer node area 104, finally, any non-base station (non-aggregation node 10) node (e.g., node 11) is formed, and all actively establishes contact with the surrounding 3 nodes (e.g., nodes 12, 13, and 14) (a node may establish contact with a node in an adjacent outer-layer node area, but not actively establish the node, but actively establish the node in the adjacent outer-layer node area), including a left node (e.g., nodes 13 and 14) in the same-layer node area and a nearest node (node 12) in the previous-layer node area.
Specifically, referring to the node connection situation of the innermost two-layer node area around the sink node (black solid circle) in fig. 2, the black implementation among the nodes represents the establishment of the wireless communication connection.
Therefore, corresponding nodes are deployed in each layer of node area, communication channels are established among the nodes, and after data are collected by each sensor node, the sensor nodes can communicate with the sink node 10 (base station) through other nodes and the corresponding communication channels, so that networking is completed.
3. Based on the deployed nodes, allocating initial load and capacity to all nodes
(1) Based on the load capacity model, combining the hierarchical characteristics to provide a load capacity hierarchical model, as shown in the following formula (1):
wherein, CniThe capacity of the sensor node i in the nth layer is represented by i 1,2, …, N1, 2, …, Ln；LniRepresenting the initial load of the sensor node i of the nth layer, α representing a tolerance factor, wherein α ≧ 0, N representing the total number of initial nodes, LnRepresenting the total number of layers.
(2) Initial load L of nodeniThe definition is shown in formula (2):
wherein, LniL representing the initial load of the sensor node i of the nth layer, i.e. the same layer node has the same initial loadn+1Representing the sum of initial loads of all nodes of the (n + 1) th layer; t isnRepresenting the total number of nodes of the nth layer; the initial load of the inner node depends on the initial load of the adjacent outer node, so that the initial load of the full network node can be obtained by defining the initial load of the outermost node, wherein the initial load of the outermost node is set to 1 unit.
Thus, the load capacity hierarchical model is defined as:
(3) therefore, on the basis of node deployment, initial load distribution and capacity definition are carried out on nodes of the whole network, and each node of the whole network obtains the initial load and the capacity of the node.
Claims (7)
1. A farmland wireless sensor network is characterized by comprising a collection node positioned in the center of a communication area and sensor nodes distributed around the collection node; forming a plurality of radially distributed non-overlapping annular zones around the collection node; the sensor nodes are distributed in each annular area; the sensor nodes in the innermost annular area and the collection node establish a communication channel, and the sensor nodes in other annular areas and at least one sensor node in the adjacent inner annular area establish a communication channel; each sensor node also establishes a communication channel with at least one sensor node in the ring zone in which it is located.
2. The wireless sensor network of claim 1, wherein the sensor nodes are spaced apart a set distance within the ring-shaped area along the direction of extension of the corresponding ring-shaped area.
3. The wireless sensor network of claim 2, wherein a sensor node in a non-innermost ring zone establishes a communication channel with a closest sensor node in an adjacent inner ring zone.
4. The farmland wireless sensor network as claimed in claim 3, wherein each sensor node establishes a communication channel with the sensor node nearest to the left direction and the sensor node nearest to the right direction in the ring-shaped area.
5. The wireless farmland sensor network according to claim 4, wherein the number of sensor nodes in each annular zone is determined according to the area of the corresponding annular zone.
6. The wireless sensor network of claim 1,2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein each sensor node has an initial load of LniComprises the following steps:
wherein, LniRepresents the initial load of sensor node i of the nth layer, Ln+1Represents the initial load sum, T, of all sensor nodes of the n +1 th layernIndicating the number of sensor nodes in the nth layer.
7. The wireless sensor network of claim 6, wherein each sensor node has a capacity CniComprises the following steps:
wherein, CniDenotes the capacity of the sensor node i of the nth layer, α denotes a tolerance factor and α ≧ 0.
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| CN202020166120.XU CN211047235U (en) | 2020-02-12 | 2020-02-12 | Farmland wireless sensor network |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112702707A (en) * | 2020-12-20 | 2021-04-23 | 国网山东省电力公司临沂供电公司 | Intelligent data analysis system and method for multi-sensing Internet of things |
| CN112911585A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-04 | 北京工商大学 | Method for enhancing survivability of wireless sensor network |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112702707A (en) * | 2020-12-20 | 2021-04-23 | 国网山东省电力公司临沂供电公司 | Intelligent data analysis system and method for multi-sensing Internet of things |
| CN112911585A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-04 | 北京工商大学 | Method for enhancing survivability of wireless sensor network |
| CN112911585B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2022-08-09 | 北京工商大学 | Method for enhancing survivability of wireless sensor network |
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