CN211018677U - Numerical control short arc direct current superposition pulse power supply - Google Patents

Numerical control short arc direct current superposition pulse power supply Download PDF

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CN211018677U
CN211018677U CN201921761378.8U CN201921761378U CN211018677U CN 211018677 U CN211018677 U CN 211018677U CN 201921761378 U CN201921761378 U CN 201921761378U CN 211018677 U CN211018677 U CN 211018677U
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circuit
modulation unit
power supply
direct current
numerical control
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周建平
宋丹
王恪典
陈小康
王帅帅
刘凯
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Xinjiang University
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Xinjiang University
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a numerical control short arc direct current superimposed pulse power supply, which comprises two loops, wherein the first loop comprises a primary modulation unit and a secondary modulation unit connected with the primary modulation unit, the primary modulation unit comprises a full bridge inverter circuit, a high frequency transformer circuit and a secondary rectifying and filtering circuit which are connected in sequence, the secondary modulation unit comprises a flow equalizing and chopping circuit, the second loop comprises a tertiary modulation unit, and the tertiary modulation unit has the same structure with the primary modulation unit, the utility model discloses a numerical control short arc direct current superimposed pulse power supply can realize the adjustment of output pulse amplitude, fundamental wave amplitude, frequency and duty ratio, and can continuously adjust output frequency parameter, amplitude parameter, duty ratio parameter and waveform parameter so as to meet the requirements of different processing conditions, and the whole machine has the advantages of small volume, light weight, high efficiency and the like, easy to realize, low cost, easy to popularize and apply widely, especially suitable for various processing applications such as short electric arc, electric spark, etc.

Description

Numerical control short arc direct current superposition pulse power supply
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a power technical field specifically is a numerical control short electric arc direct current superposes pulse power supply.
Background
The short arc milling technology has the characteristics of high efficiency, high quality surface processing quality and the like for processing high-strength and superhard materials and is widely applied. The voltage-stabilizing pulse processing power supply used by the traditional short-arc machine tool is a pulse modulation power supply without fundamental wave, and the power supply has a two-stage modulation circuit and can realize the function of continuously adjusting the amplitude, the frequency and the duty ratio of output pulse voltage. With the development of short arc milling technology, such power supplies have not been able to meet the processing requirements well. According to an actual short arc milling system and an arc discharge principle, the relation between electrical parameters and processing efficiency is analyzed, an overall scheme of a high-efficiency energy-saving short arc processing pulse power supply is constructed, and a main circuit topology of a numerical control short arc direct current superposition pulse power supply is designed. The main body of the scheme reserves an inverter structure, the defect that a power frequency transformer is adopted in the traditional input stage is overcome, the size and the weight of the whole machine are relatively small, the output waveform is adjustable, and the output type of the pulse power supply is more comprehensive than that of the conventional pulse power supply. However, the power supply main body is composed of two sets of inversion structures, so that the noise and the heat dissipation defects of the power supply are obvious during working, and the parameters cannot be dynamically adjusted during processing.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a numerical control short electric arc direct current superposes pulse power supply to solve the problem that proposes among the above-mentioned background art.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a numerical control short arc direct current superposes pulse power supply, including two return circuits, first return circuit includes the one-level modulation unit and the second grade modulation unit that is connected with this one-level modulation unit, the one-level modulation unit is including the full-bridge inverter circuit who connects gradually, high frequency transformation circuit and secondary rectification filter circuit, the second grade modulation unit is including the chopper circuit that flow equalizes, the second return circuit includes tertiary modulation unit, tertiary modulation unit is the same with one-level modulation unit structure, full-bridge inverter circuit includes 2 groups full-bridge inverter circuit of constituteing by 8 IGBT, the soft switch circuit that blocking direct current electric capacity and every IGBT correspond, blocking direct current electric capacity is connected form a busbar voltage buffer type buffer circuit on bridge inverter circuit's the direct current generating line, soft switch circuit and every IGBT are parallelly connected, high frequency transformation circuit includes: high frequency transformer and a capacitor connected with the high frequency transformer and capable of isolating the primary DC component of the high frequency transformer, the secondary rectifying and filtering circuit includes: a Schottky diode, a current stabilizing inductor and an aluminum electrolytic energy storage capacitor; the high-frequency transformer is characterized in that the Schottky diode is connected with one end of the current stabilizing inductor, the other end of the current stabilizing inductor is connected with one end of the aluminum electrolytic energy storage capacitor, the other end of the aluminum electrolytic energy storage capacitor is connected with the high-frequency transformer, the current-equalizing chopper circuit is composed of four high-power switching tubes which are connected in parallel, the high-frequency transformer further comprises an output circuit, a parasitic inductor and a freewheeling diode which are connected with two loops, one end of the parasitic inductor is connected with the anode of the output circuit, the cathode of the output circuit is connected with the other end of the parasitic inductor through the freewheeling diode, the high-frequency transformer further comprises a control panel which is connected with the primary modulation unit, the secondary modulation unit and the tertiary modulation unit.
As a further aspect of the present invention: the magnetic core of the high-frequency transformer is made of soft magnetic ferrite materials.
As a further scheme of the utility model, still include the main part circuit, the main part circuit includes three-phase uncontrollable rectifier module, EMI filter circuit, input soft start circuit, air-cooled system and auxiliary power system, EMI filter circuit and filter inductance L7, L8 link to each other with the commercial power at the power entrance, the commercial power gets into to link to each other with three-phase uncontrollable rectifier module through the air switch after the power, EMI filter circuit is connected with full-bridge inverter circuit.
As a further scheme of the utility model, the control panel adopts STM32F103 series high-speed singlechip, the second grade control panel is phase shift integrated control chip UC3895, and the numerical control panel is P L C.
As a further aspect of the present invention: the power supply system also comprises an I-filter circuit, an input soft start circuit, an air cooling system and an auxiliary power supply system.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the utility model discloses numerical control short electric arc direct current stack pulse power supply can realize the regulation to output pulse amplitude, fundamental wave amplitude, frequency, duty cycle to can carry out continuous regulation to output frequency parameter, amplitude parameter, duty cycle parameter, waveform parameter, in order to reach the demand to different processing conditions, the complete machine has advantages such as small, light in weight, efficient moreover, easily realizes, and is with low costs, does benefit to extensive popularization and application, and various processing such as specially adapted short electric arc, electric spark are used.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional structure block diagram of a numerical control short arc direct current superimposed pulse power supply;
FIG. 2 is a topological diagram of a main circuit of the numerical control short arc direct current superposition pulse power supply;
FIG. 3 is a general schematic diagram of a numerical control short arc direct current superimposed pulse power supply;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase voltage type phase-shifted full-bridge inverter topology;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a first output waveform of a high-efficiency energy-saving short-arc milling pulse power supply;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a second output waveform of the high-efficiency energy-saving short-arc milling pulse power supply;
FIG. 7 is a third waveform of the output of the high efficiency energy saving short arc milling pulse power supply;
FIG. 8 is a first simplified circuit diagram of a main circuit topology;
FIG. 9 is a second simplified circuit diagram of a main circuit topology;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an input rectifying and filtering circuit;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the post-chopper circuit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, example 1: the embodiment of the utility model provides an in, a numerical control short arc direct current superposes pulse power supply, this power has two return circuits: the first loop comprises a primary modulation unit and a secondary modulation unit connected with the primary modulation unit, the primary modulation unit comprises a full-bridge inverter circuit, a high-frequency voltage transformation circuit and a secondary rectification filter circuit which are sequentially connected, and the secondary modulation unit comprises a current-equalizing chopper circuit. The second loop comprises a three-level modulation unit, and the three-level modulation unit comprises a full-bridge inverter circuit, a high-frequency transformation circuit and a secondary rectification filter circuit.
The power supply secondary rectifying and filtering circuit comprises Schottky diodes D1, D2, D4, D5, filtering inductors L and L and large-capacity aluminum electrolytic energy storage capacitors C9 and C18, wherein the Schottky diodes D1 and D2 are respectively connected with one end of a current-stabilizing inductor L, the other end of the current-stabilizing inductor is connected with a capacitor C9, the Schottky diodes D4 and D5 are respectively connected with one end of a current-stabilizing inductor L, and the other end of the current-stabilizing inductor is connected with a capacitor C18.
The main circuit mainly comprises a three-phase uncontrollable rectifying module, an EMI filter circuit, an input soft start circuit, an air cooling system and an auxiliary power supply system, wherein the EMI filter circuit and filter inductors L7 and L8 are connected with commercial power at a power supply inlet, the commercial power is connected with the three-phase uncontrollable rectifying module through an air switch after entering a power supply, a front-stage filter capacitor is connected with a full-bridge inverter circuit, a driving circuit connected with a primary modulation unit and a secondary modulation unit, and a control panel core is an STM32F103 series high-speed single chip microcomputer and a phase-shift integrated control chip UC 3895.
The full-bridge inverter circuit has two sets, and each set includes 4 IGBT. Each group of inverter circuits is provided with a DC blocking capacitor (C8 and C17) which is connected on a DC bus of the bridge inverter circuit to form a bus voltage buffer type buffer circuit. The high-frequency transformation circuit comprises a high-frequency transformer and a capacitor capable of isolating the primary direct-current component of the high-frequency transformer, and a magnetic core of the high-frequency transformer is made of soft magnetic ferrite materials.
Example 2: on the basis of embodiment 1, the single-phase voltage type phase-shifted full-bridge inversion topology is shown in fig. 4. The single-phase voltage type full-bridge inverter topology can be regarded as being formed by combining two half bridges, four bridge arms are provided in total, two diagonally opposite transistors (V1 and V4 or V2 and V3) form two pairs of bridge arms, the transistors on the same pair of bridge arms are conducted simultaneously, the two pairs of bridge arms are conducted for half a period alternately, and if conducting voltage drop on the transistors is ignored, primary voltage applied to the transformer is alternating square waves with amplitude of Vdc and width of Ton. The output of the topology is Vout, the value of the Vout can be determined by adjusting the value of Ton, the amplitude of the output voltage Vout is detected through a feedback loop, and the output voltage Vout is used for modulating the pulse width Ton, so that the voltage stabilization adjustment of the output voltage can be realized.
The phase-shift PWM control mode is the combination of resonance transformation technology and conventional PWM transformation technology, and the basic working principle is as follows: when the dead zone is not considered, two transistors on two bridge arms of the inverter full bridge are in 180-degree complementary conduction, the leading bridge arm and the lagging bridge arm are in conduction by a phase difference, and the phase difference is a phase shift angle. The pulse width of the output control signal is adjusted by adjusting the phase shift angle, and alternating-current square wave voltage with continuously adjustable duty ratio and symmetrical positive and negative half cycles is obtained on the secondary side of the transformer, so that the purpose of adjusting the output voltage is achieved.
The switch tube used by the full-bridge converter is an IGBT module, and a reverse parallel diode is arranged in the switch tube. Before the time t1, the initial state of the circuit is that Q1 and Q4 are conducted, and the output voltage is + Vdc; at the time of t1, gate driving signals of Q3 and Q4 are reversed, Q4 is cut off, and because load current has continuous non-abrupt change characteristics, V3 cannot be conducted instantly, an internal reverse parallel diode conducts and freewheels, and output voltage is zero; at the time of t2, gate driving signals of Q1 and Q2 are reversed, Q1 is cut off, at the time, Q2 cannot be instantly conducted, is conducted under the action of a freewheeling diode, and forms a passage together with the freewheeling diode of Q3, the output voltage is-Vdc, after the load current is reversed in a zero-crossing direction, Q2 and Q3 are conducted to form a closed passage, and the output voltage is kept unchanged; at time t3, the gate drive signals of V3 and V4 are inverted again, Q3 is turned off, Q4 cannot be turned on instantaneously, its internal freewheeling diode turns on and freewheels, and the output voltage becomes zero again. Each subsequent cycle is similar to the previous cycle, so that an output voltage with positive and negative pulse widths Ton can be obtained, and the voltage output Vout with adjustable amplitude can be obtained only by changing the pulse width Ton through changing the phase shift angle of the control signal.
The topological structure of the design is as shown in figure 2, a circuit structure can be constructed on the basis of a direct current source circuit and a pulse source circuit, the specific principle is that a 380V three-phase alternating current commercial power which can meet high-power electricity utilization is connected to the input end of the topology, then the commercial power is converted into direct current with better waveform quality through a three-phase bridge rectifier circuit and an input-stage capacitor filter circuit, the direct current is used as the input of a DC/DC inverter circuit in the pulse source circuit and the direct current source circuit and is subjected to isolation voltage reduction, full-wave rectification and L C filter filtering respectively through a high-frequency transformer to obtain direct current with adjustable voltage amplitude, wherein the direct current source circuit can be directly connected to a direct current + direct current-current (DC/DC) terminal of an output end copper bar terminal, and pulse-output end copper bar terminal, and the direct current + pulse-output end and the pulse-output end are connected in series, when the power supply is used, the power output mode and parameters of the power supply can be preset through a control system which takes P L C and a DSP as cores as requirements, and the.
Three output waveforms of the high-efficiency energy-saving short-arc milling pulse power supply are shown in fig. 5-7. U1 and u2 in fig. 5 and 6 are the output voltages of the direct current source and the pulse source respectively, and u3 and u1 in fig. 7 are the amplitude and the base value of the comb wave voltage respectively. The period T of the pulse is the sum of T1 and T2, the duty ratio D is the ratio of T1 to T, and the parameters of the three waveforms can be continuously adjusted within a certain range.
For convenience of analyzing the comb-shaped wave generation principle, the circuit can be equivalently simplified, the direct current source circuit is equivalently a direct current voltage source E1, a direct current part in the pulse source circuit before the chopper circuit is equivalently a direct current voltage source E2, and the schematic diagrams of the simplified circuit are shown in fig. 8 and 9. The on-off of a chopper Q in the circuit is controlled by a driving signal, when the Q is switched off, the circuit is shown in fig. 8, a Schottky diode D5 is conducted in the forward direction under the action of E1 to form a closed loop with a load, and the voltage at two ends of the load is E1 output voltage, namely pulse u 1; when Q is turned on, the circuit is as shown in fig. 9, due to the presence of E2, the voltage across schottky diode D5 is clamped at u2, and is in the reverse cut-off state, and the voltage across the load is the sum of the output voltages u1 and u2 of E1 and E2, that is, the comb-shaped wave amplitude u 3.
The input stage rectification filter circuit is mainly used for providing stable direct current signals for the full-bridge inverter, and a three-phase uncontrollable rectification circuit is selected according to the design requirements of the short arc pulse power supply. The input stage rectifying and filtering circuit is shown in fig. 10.
In order to solve the problem of impact of surge current on the whole power supply system at the moment of opening a main switch ZK, a current-limiting resistor R L is connected behind a full-bridge rectification circuit, the effect of the surge current on the power supply system at the moment of starting the power supply is reduced, when the power supply works normally, in order to reduce the power consumption of the current-limiting resistor, a control board of the power supply can send a signal that the power supply works normally, an alternating current contactor is triggered to short the current-limiting resistor, and therefore the problem that the power consumption of the whole power supply system is increased by the current-limiting resistor is avoided.
Example 3: in order to realize continuous adjustment of electrical parameters such as duty ratio and frequency of the voltage of the short-arc pulse power supply, the chopper circuit is selected to realize the continuously adjustable pulse voltage, and the design quality of the back-stage chopper circuit has a very important influence on the research of short-arc processing, and fig. 11 is a working schematic diagram of the back-stage chopper circuit of the short-arc pulse power supply.
The back stage chopper circuit consists of power switch tubes and reverse freewheeling diodes, and in order to improve the structural reliability of the power switch tubes and reduce the purchase cost, the four power switch tubes are connected in parallel to form a switch tube group to realize the chopping function.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a numerical control short arc direct current superposes pulse power supply, including two return circuits, a serial communication port, first return circuit includes the one-level modulation unit and the second order modulation unit that is connected with this one-level modulation unit, the one-level modulation unit is including the full-bridge inverter circuit who connects gradually, high frequency transformation circuit and secondary rectification filter circuit, the second order modulation unit is including the chopper circuit that flow equalizes, the second return circuit includes tertiary modulation unit, tertiary modulation unit is the same with one-level modulation unit structure, the full-bridge inverter circuit includes 2 groups full-bridge inverter circuit that constitute by 8 IGBTs, the soft switch circuit that separates direct current electric capacity and every IGBT corresponds, it connects to separate direct current electric capacity form a busbar voltage buffer type buffer circuit on bridge inverter circuit's the direct current bus, soft switch circuit is parallelly connected with every IGBT, high frequency transformation circuit includes: high frequency transformer and a capacitor connected with the high frequency transformer and capable of isolating the primary DC component of the high frequency transformer, the secondary rectifying and filtering circuit includes: a Schottky diode, a current stabilizing inductor and an aluminum electrolytic energy storage capacitor; the high-frequency transformer is characterized in that the Schottky diode is connected with one end of the current stabilizing inductor, the other end of the current stabilizing inductor is connected with one end of the aluminum electrolytic energy storage capacitor, the other end of the aluminum electrolytic energy storage capacitor is connected with the high-frequency transformer, the current-equalizing chopper circuit is composed of four high-power switching tubes which are connected in parallel, the high-frequency transformer further comprises an output circuit, a parasitic inductor and a freewheeling diode which are connected with two loops, one end of the parasitic inductor is connected with the anode of the output circuit, the cathode of the output circuit is connected with the other end of the parasitic inductor through the freewheeling diode, the high-frequency transformer further comprises a control panel which is connected with the primary modulation unit, the secondary modulation unit and the tertiary modulation unit.
2. The digitally controlled short arc direct current superimposed pulse power supply of claim 1, wherein the magnetic core of said high frequency transformer is made of soft magnetic ferrite material.
3. The numerical control short arc direct current superposition pulse power supply according to claim 2, characterized by further comprising a main circuit, wherein the main circuit comprises a three-phase uncontrollable rectifying module, an EMI filter circuit, an input soft start circuit, an air cooling system and an auxiliary power system, the EMI filter circuit and filter inductors L7, L8 are connected with a mains supply at a power supply inlet, the mains supply is connected with the three-phase uncontrollable rectifying module through an air switch after entering the power supply, and the EMI filter circuit is connected with a full-bridge inverter circuit.
4. The numerical control short arc direct current superposition pulse power supply according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the control board adopts STM32F103 series high-speed single-chip microcomputer, the secondary control board is a phase shift integrated control chip UC3895, and the numerical control panel is P L C.
5. The numerical control short arc direct current superposition pulse power supply according to claim 1, further comprising an industrial filter circuit, an input soft start circuit, an air cooling system and an auxiliary power supply system.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113114171A (en) * 2021-04-14 2021-07-13 西安理工大学 Current source pulse control method for micro-arc oxidation
CN113253786A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-08-13 西南科技大学 Current source device capable of being adjusted in multiple stages
CN113452277A (en) * 2020-08-28 2021-09-28 苏州博思得电气有限公司 Power module for pulse power generation device and pulse power generation device
CN115400350A (en) * 2022-11-01 2022-11-29 北京金博智慧健康科技有限公司 Nerve regulation and control device and waveform regulation and control method thereof

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113452277A (en) * 2020-08-28 2021-09-28 苏州博思得电气有限公司 Power module for pulse power generation device and pulse power generation device
CN113114171A (en) * 2021-04-14 2021-07-13 西安理工大学 Current source pulse control method for micro-arc oxidation
CN113114171B (en) * 2021-04-14 2024-01-12 西安理工大学 Current source pulse control method for micro-arc oxidation
CN113253786A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-08-13 西南科技大学 Current source device capable of being adjusted in multiple stages
CN115400350A (en) * 2022-11-01 2022-11-29 北京金博智慧健康科技有限公司 Nerve regulation and control device and waveform regulation and control method thereof

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