CN211014062U

CN211014062U - Shaft sleeve inner wall defect detection device based on machine vision

Info

Publication number: CN211014062U
Application number: CN201921109276.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 强敏; 孙力; 佘昌俊
Original assignee: ZHENJIANG PRODUCT QUALITY SUPERVISION INSPECTION CENTER
Current assignee: ZHENJIANG PRODUCT QUALITY SUPERVISION INSPECTION CENTER
Priority date: 2019-07-16
Filing date: 2019-07-16
Publication date: 2020-07-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-16

Abstract

The utility model discloses an axle sleeve inner wall defect detecting device based on machine vision. The detection device comprises a plurality of product stations and shaft sleeves, wherein the product stations are sequentially arranged above a rack, the shaft sleeves are arranged on the product stations, two adjacent product stations at the starting end serve as two detection stations, a set of visual detection device used for detecting the shaft sleeves is respectively arranged on the detection stations, and the two sets of visual detection devices are oppositely arranged on the two product stations and can enable the shaft sleeves to sequentially pass through each set of visual detection device so as to respectively detect the detection ends at two sides of the shaft sleeves. The advantages are that: the defect detection device not only realizes automatic detection of defects of the inner wall of the shaft sleeve and solves the problems of low efficiency and poor accuracy of manual visual inspection, but also can obtain more complete images of the inner wall of the shaft sleeve by adopting opposite visual detection of double product stations and combining the magnifying imaging effect of the convex lens, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of defect detection.

Description

Shaft sleeve inner wall defect detection device based on machine vision

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a detection technology of axle sleeve, specifically speaking are axle sleeve inner wall defect detecting device and method of adopting machine vision, belong to axle sleeve inner wall defect on-line measuring technical field.

Background

The bearing is the most common basic part in modern mechanical structure, the annual output can reach 190 hundred million sets, and in the production process of the sliding bearing, due to production process or uncertain factors, the Teflon coating on the inner surface often has the defects of scratches, pits, burrs and the like, and in order to ensure the quality of products, the quality of the products needs to be detected before leaving a factory, and the defective parts are identified and removed. Most production enterprises adopt a manual visual inspection method to complete the manual inspection, the manual inspection depends on experience and technology of inspection personnel to a great extent, the manual inspection is easily influenced by factors such as subjective factors and individual differences, the inspection workers need to carry out multi-view observation on the inspected sliding bearing under the assistance of strong background light, the method not only damages the eyesight of the inspection personnel, but also brings potential safety hazards to products with defects missed to be inspected, and therefore, efficient, accurate and intelligent inspection of the inner wall of the sliding bearing is a basic guarantee for realizing automatic production of the sliding bearing.

Through patent retrieval, the current shaft sleeve detection mainly aims at the outer surface size, for example, a patent with the publication number of CN104567677A adopts a color recognition technology of machine vision, so that the detection of the outer surface size of the sliding bearing is realized; the patent with publication number CN104624522A adopts machine vision technology to continuously and fully visually detect the surface defects of the bearing; but the defects of the coating on the inner surface of the shaft sleeve can not be detected. The patent for detecting the inner wall mainly aims at large-scale round sleeves, for example, the utility model patent with the publication number of CN203385680U provides an image acquisition device for inner wall surface defects, a servo motor is adopted to drive an industrial camera to acquire optical images of the inner wall surface, but a pipeline with the diameter smaller than an optical probe cannot be detected; for example, patent application No. CN205786482 proposes a large-diameter metal defect detection device, which uses an eddy current sensor to complete the detection of the whole pipeline, but is not suitable for detecting the defects of the inner wall of the small-diameter shaft sleeve.

Disclosure of Invention

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide an axle sleeve inner wall defect detecting device and method based on machine vision.

In order to solve the technical problem, the shaft sleeve inner wall defect detection device based on machine vision comprises a plurality of product stations and a shaft sleeve, wherein the product stations are sequentially arranged above a rack, the shaft sleeve is arranged on each product station, two adjacent product stations at the starting end serve as two detection stations, a set of visual detection device for detecting the shaft sleeve is respectively arranged on each detection station, and the two sets of visual detection devices are oppositely arranged on the two product stations and can enable the shaft sleeve to sequentially pass through each set of visual detection device so as to respectively detect the detection ends at the two sides of the shaft sleeve.

Every visual detection device all includes the industry camera and the integral light source that can aim at one of them side sense terminal of axle sleeve and can aim at the convex lens of the other side sense terminal of axle sleeve that set up on the detection station, the visual field center of industry camera can pass ball integral light source centre bore, convex lens and the relative installation of ball integral light source and axle center are located same horizontal plane.

And a plurality of grading push rods for pushing shaft sleeves at different levels after detection are further arranged on the product station behind the visual detection device.

One side of the industrial camera is provided with a shooting proximity switch, the output end of the shooting proximity switch is connected with an external trigger port of the industrial camera, and a synchronous trigger output port of the industrial camera is connected with an external trigger port of a light source controller.

The conveying belt is arranged on the rack and located in the mounting rack, the product stations are a plurality of stations distributed along the conveying belt on the mounting rack, a shaft sleeve fixing device is fixedly mounted on the conveying belt, and the shaft sleeve is fixedly mounted on the shaft sleeve fixing device.

The camera interface of the industrial camera is connected with a main processor for collecting digital images in real time, the main processor is connected with a grading processor, and the grading processor is respectively connected with a grading proximity switch and a grading push rod through an I/O (input/output) port.

The front side of the product station of the starting end is provided with a pair of limiting devices.

The opposite surfaces of the two limiting devices are provided with guide inclined planes, and the position of the shaft sleeve can be subjected to guide correction through the guide inclined planes between the two limiting devices.

The utility model has the advantages that:

through two sets of visual detection devices installed oppositely on product stations and the grading push rods arranged behind the visual detection devices, the shaft sleeves can sequentially enter each set of visual detection devices, so that detection is respectively performed on detection ends on two sides of the shaft sleeves, the shaft sleeves in different grades are pushed down by the grading push rods after detection is completed, automatic detection on defects of the inner walls of the shaft sleeves is realized, the problems of low manual visual inspection efficiency and poor accuracy are solved, more complete images of the inner walls of the shaft sleeves can be obtained by adopting the opposite visual detection of the two product stations and combining the amplification imaging effect of the convex lenses, and the comprehensiveness of defect detection is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of a shaft sleeve inner wall defect detection device based on machine vision;

fig. 2 is the utility model discloses axle sleeve inner wall defect detecting device's electric part schematic block diagram based on machine vision.

Detailed Description

The following describes the shaft sleeve inner wall defect detecting device based on machine vision in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in the figures, the utility model discloses a shaft sleeve inner wall defect detection device based on machine vision, including frame 9, be provided with the mounting bracket and be located the conveyer belt of mounting bracket on frame 9, the product station (including detection station, the station of pushing away and transition station) that has a plurality of arrange along the conveyer belt on the mounting bracket, fixed mounting has axle sleeve fixing device 7 on the conveyer belt, axle sleeve 6 can install on the conveyer belt through axle sleeve fixing device 7, the difference is a station between adjacent axle sleeve 6, axle sleeve 6 can make the axle sleeve pass through detection station, transition station and the station of pushing away in proper order under the drive of conveyer belt, two adjacent product stations (two adjacent product stations at the initial end are regarded as two detection stations) that still are provided with a set of visual detection device that is used for detecting the axle sleeve respectively on the initial end of mounting bracket, the two sets of visual detection devices are oppositely arranged on two detection stations (the installation directions are opposite and are used for shooting images at two ends of the shaft sleeve), the shaft sleeve 6 can sequentially pass through each set of visual detection device so as to respectively detect the detection ends at two sides of the shaft sleeve, a plurality of grading push rods (namely, stations corresponding to the grading push rods are used as pushing stations) are further arranged on a product station behind the visual detection devices, two adjacent grading push rods 10 have one station difference, and the grading push rods 10 are respectively used for pushing off shaft sleeves with the grades of stripping, bubbles and intact.

Furthermore, the visual detection devices comprise an industrial camera 4 and an integral light source 5 which are arranged on a detection station and can be aligned with the detection end on one side of the shaft sleeve, and a convex lens 2 which can be aligned with the detection end on the other side of the shaft sleeve, the center of the visual field of the industrial camera 4 is aligned with the center of the shaft sleeve to be detected and can pass through the center hole of the spherical integral light source 5 to carry out image acquisition, the resolution of the camera is determined by the minimum defect size of the inner wall of the shaft sleeve to be detected, and the spherical integral light source provides uniform illumination conditions for the automatic detection of the inner; the convex lens 2 and the spherical integral light source 5 are oppositely arranged, the axes are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the visual angle range can be enlarged through the arranged convex lens 2, and the inner wall of the shaft sleeve is magnified and imaged; as can be seen from the figure, one set of the industrial camera 4 and the integral light source 5 of the visual inspection device is arranged at the left side inspection end of the shaft sleeve, the convex lens 2 is arranged at the right side inspection end of the shaft sleeve, the other set of the industrial camera 4 and the integral light source 5 of the visual inspection device is arranged at the right side inspection end of the shaft sleeve, the convex lens 2 is arranged at the left side inspection end of the shaft sleeve, namely one industrial camera is fixedly arranged at one side of the mounting frame and can penetrate through one ball integral light source center hole, the ball integral light source is also fixedly arranged at the mounting frame at the side, the convex lens which is oppositely arranged is arranged at the other side of the mounting frame, the other industrial camera is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame (the side where the convex lens is arranged) at a position away from the front convex lens and can penetrate through the center hole of the other ball integral light source, and the other convex lens (which is arranged at the side of the first mentioned, and the distance between the industrial camera 4 and the integral light source 5 and the convex lens 2 is one station, so that the defect conditions of the inner walls of the two sides of the shaft sleeve can be respectively detected, and the industrial camera, the integral light source and the convex lens are fixedly arranged on the mounting frame.

Furthermore, one side of each industrial camera 5 is provided with a shooting proximity switch 3, and the output end of each shooting proximity switch 3 is connected with an external trigger port of the industrial camera 4 and used for providing a trigger signal for image acquisition; the external trigger port of each light source controller is connected with the synchronous trigger output port of the industrial camera 4 and used for synchronous light source opening and image acquisition; the camera interface of the industrial camera 4 is connected with a main processor of an industrial personal computer for collecting digital images in real time, the main processor is connected with a grading processor, real-time collection and analysis of the digital images are realized through the main processor of the industrial personal computer, and quality information of the detected shaft sleeve is transmitted to the grading processor through a data interface; a grading approach switch 8 is arranged on one side of the grading push rod, a grading processor is respectively connected with the grading approach switch 8 and the grading push rod 10 through an I/O port, so that the grading processor controls the blanking of shaft sleeves in different grades, and the grading approach switch provides judgment for whether the shaft sleeve to be blanked enters a blanking area, wherein the grading push rod is connected with the grading controller, can respond to the action time which is less than the time required by half of the forward movement of the shaft sleeve, and avoids the interference between the mounting frame and the grading push rod;

in addition, a pair of limiting devices 1 can be arranged on the front side of a product station at the starting end of the mounting frame, the limiting devices 1 are fixedly mounted on the mounting frame, one limiting device 1 is positioned on the front side of the convex lens 2 and is not in contact with the convex lens 2, and the other limiting device is symmetrically mounted with the limiting devices; the opposite surfaces of the two limiting devices 1 are provided with guide inclined surfaces, the guide inclined surfaces of the two limiting devices 1 extend towards the front inner side, so that a V-shaped surface is formed between the guide inclined surfaces of the two limiting devices 1, the distance between the foremost ends of the two limiting stops is slightly larger than that of the shaft sleeve to be detected, the shaft sleeve firstly passes through a wider part formed between the two limiting devices 1 and then transits to a narrower part formed between the two limiting devices 1, and the shaft sleeve 6 carries out guide correction on the position of the shaft sleeve through the guide inclined surfaces in the transition process, so that the position can be gradually corrected when passing through the two limiting stops in the shaft sleeve transmission process, the center line of the shaft sleeve can be close to the center lines of the two limiting stops, and the relative position relations between the two ends of the shaft sleeve and the convex lens and the;

the operation steps are as follows:

1. calibrating an image collected by an industrial camera in an off-line state, and correcting distortion generated by a convex lens;

2. the shaft sleeve enters a detection station, and the shaft sleeve to be detected is regulated to a preset position through the pair of limiting devices;

3. when the shaft sleeve reaches a first detection station, a shooting proximity switch 3 of the front set of visual detection device triggers an industrial camera 4 to acquire and analyze images and acquire the defect state and size of the industrial camera;

4. when the shaft sleeve reaches a second detection station, a shooting proximity switch of the latter set of visual detection device triggers an industrial camera to collect and analyze images on the other side of the shaft sleeve, and the defect state and the size of the shaft sleeve are obtained;

5. comprehensively judging images on two different detection stations, and analyzing the result of the detected shaft sleeve image to obtain the grade condition of the current workpiece;

6. the industrial personal computer transmits the grading result condition to the grading processor through the data interface;

7. the grading processor controls and respectively drives the corresponding grading push rods to carry out grading treatment according to the relative distance between the detected shaft sleeve and the grading push rods, the quality grade and the condition of the grading proximity switch.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a shaft sleeve inner wall defect detecting device based on machine vision which characterized in that: including axle sleeve (6) of settling on a plurality of product stations and each product station that frame (9) top was arranged in proper order, two adjacent product stations of initial end department are provided with one set of visual detection device that is used for detecting the axle sleeve as two detection stations respectively on respective detection station, two sets visual detection device subtend installation and can make axle sleeve (6) pass through every set in proper order on two product stations thereby visual detection device detects the both sides sense terminal of axle sleeve respectively.

2. The machine vision-based shaft sleeve inner wall defect detection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: every visual detection device all includes industry camera (4) and integral light source (5) and the convex lens (2) that can aim at the axle sleeve one of them side sense terminal that can aim at the axle sleeve that sets up on the detection station, the centre bore of ball integral light source (5) can be passed to the field of vision center of industry camera (4), convex lens (2) and ball integral light source (5) are installed relatively and the axle center is located same horizontal plane.

3. The apparatus for detecting defects in the inner wall of a shaft sleeve based on machine vision according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: and a plurality of grading push rods (10) used for pushing shaft sleeves at different levels after detection are arranged on the product station behind the visual detection device.

4. The machine vision-based shaft sleeve inner wall defect detection device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: one side of the industrial camera (4) is provided with a shooting proximity switch (3), the output end of the shooting proximity switch (3) is connected with an external trigger port of the industrial camera (4), and a synchronous trigger output port of the industrial camera (4) is connected with an external trigger port of a light source controller.

5. The apparatus for detecting defects in the inner wall of a shaft sleeve based on machine vision according to claim 1, 2 or 4, wherein: the conveying belt device is characterized in that a mounting frame and a conveying belt located in the mounting frame are arranged on the rack (9), product stations are a plurality of stations distributed along the conveying belt on the mounting frame, a shaft sleeve fixing device (7) is fixedly mounted on the conveying belt, and the shaft sleeve is fixedly mounted on the shaft sleeve fixing device (7).

6. The apparatus for detecting defects on the inner wall of a shaft sleeve based on machine vision according to claim 2 or 4, wherein: the camera interface of the industrial camera (4) is connected with a main processor for collecting digital images in real time, the main processor is connected with a grading processor, and the grading processor is respectively connected with a grading proximity switch (8) and a grading push rod (10) through an I/O port.

7. The machine vision-based shaft sleeve inner wall defect detection device as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the front side of the product station at the starting end is provided with a pair of limiting devices (1).

8. The machine vision-based shaft sleeve inner wall defect detection device as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the opposite surfaces of the two limiting devices (1) are provided with guide inclined planes, and the shaft sleeve (6) can guide and correct the position of the two limiting devices (1) through the guide inclined planes.