CN211013864U - a direct shear - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a direct shearing instrument, which relates to the technical field of geological engineering. It comprises a base and a box body. The base is provided with a groove, and the box body is arranged in the groove; a shearing device and a first temperature sensor; a vertical shock absorbing device is arranged between the box body and the bottom surface of the groove; the vertical shock absorbing device includes a metal elastic plate, a first spring and a pressure plate; the middle parts of both sides of the box body are symmetrically arranged There is a horizontal shock absorption device, which includes a shock absorption sleeve and a connecting rod; by setting a base with a groove, the box body is located inside the groove, and the horizontal shock absorption device is arranged on both sides of the box body to prevent the box body. The vibration generated in the horizontal direction is damped; at the same time, a vertical damping device is installed between the box body and the bottom of the groove, which improves the shock absorption effect of the box body in the vertical direction, so that the box body can avoid the frozen soil sample. The vibration generated during the shear strength test results in the instability of the box and affects the test.

Description

a direct shear

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of geological engineering, in particular to a direct shearing instrument.

Background technique

In the process of mechanical research of frozen soil, the direct shear experiment of frozen soil is the most basic and indispensable to the mechanical properties of frozen soil. However, because the temperature change directly affects the changes of ice content and unfrozen water content in the frozen soil, which seriously affects the mechanical properties of the frozen soil, and the temperature is extremely sensitive to the conversion between the ice content and the unfrozen water content in the frozen soil. For the above problems, a Chinese patented automatic frozen soil direct shearing device (publication number: CN207336255U) proposes to set a constant temperature box outside the shearing device, and adjust the temperature of the shear box and the frozen soil sample by adjusting the temperature of the constant temperature box. The same or the difference is within ±1°C to ensure that the properties of the frozen soil samples will not be affected by the temperature during the experiment, and the properties will not change too much. However, the shear strength test of the frozen soil sample will generate large vibration and affect the stability of the external incubator and affect the test.

Utility model content

In order to solve the problem of the prior art, the utility model sets the base with grooves, so that the box body is located inside the groove, and horizontal damping devices are arranged on both sides of the box body to damp the vibration generated in the horizontal direction of the box body; At the same time, a vertical shock absorbing device is arranged between the box body and the bottom of the groove, which improves the shock absorbing effect of the box body in the vertical direction, so that the box body can avoid the vibration caused by the shear strength test of the frozen soil sample. Cause the box to appear unstable and affect the detection.

The utility model specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

A direct shearing instrument, comprising a base and a box;

The base is provided with a groove, and the box body is provided in the groove;

The surface of the box body is wound with a freezing tube for cooling the box body, the upper end of the box body is provided with a box cover matched with the box body, and the box body is provided with a shearing device and a The first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the box, the first temperature sensor is fixed on the inner wall of the box, the first temperature sensor is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is electrically connected with the control terminal ;

Between the box body and the bottom surface of the groove, a vertical damping device for damping the box body in a vertical direction is arranged; the vertical damping device includes a metal elastic plate, a first spring and Pressing plate; both ends of the metal elastic plate are fixedly connected with the two inner side walls of the groove respectively; the arc-shaped upper end surface of the metal elastic plate is in contact with the lower end of the pressing plate; the box body is fixed on the The upper end surface of the pressing plate; the two ends of the pressing plate are fixedly connected to the two inner side walls of the groove; the horizontal bottom of the metal elastic plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the groove, and the upper end of the first spring is connected to the The arc bottom surface of the metal elastic plate is fixedly connected, and the lower end of the first spring is fixedly connected with the groove;

The middle of the two sides of the box body is symmetrically provided with a horizontal shock absorption device for shock absorption in the horizontal direction of the box body. The horizontal shock absorption device includes a shock absorption sleeve and a connecting rod, and the bottom of the shock absorption sleeve is fixed On the inner side wall of the groove; a second spring is arranged inside the shock-absorbing sleeve, and one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a shock-absorbing pressure block corresponding to the second spring; the connection The other end of the rod is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the box body.

A further solution is that the number of the metal elastic plates is set to be multiple, and the multiple metal elastic plates are connected by a fixing member.

A further solution is that the shearing device includes a shearing box, a vertical hydraulic power device that applies vertical pressure to the shearing box, and a horizontal hydraulic power device that applies a horizontal thrust to the shearing box. It includes an upper shearing box and a lower shearing box, the upper surface of the upper shearing box is provided with a second temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the shearing box, and the second temperature sensor is electrically connected with the controller.

A further solution is that the vertical hydraulic power device includes a first hydraulic cylinder, the first hydraulic cylinder is driven by a hydraulic driving device, and the end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with a device for pressing against the upper shearing device. A vertical thrust plug that applies vertical pressure to the soil sample in the shear box at the center of the top of the box, and a vertical pressure sensor and a vertical displacement sensor are installed in the vertical thrust plug. The vertical pressure sensor and the vertical thrust plug The displacement sensors are all electrically connected to the controller.

A further solution is that the horizontal hydraulic power device includes a second hydraulic cylinder fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the box body, the second hydraulic cylinder is driven by a hydraulic driving device, and the end of the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder is A horizontal thrust plug is connected to a side wall of the lower shear box and applies a horizontal thrust to the soil sample in the shear box, and a horizontal pressure sensor and a horizontal displacement sensor are installed in the horizontal thrust plug , the horizontal pressure sensor and the horizontal displacement sensor are both electrically connected to the controller.

A further scheme is that one end of the cryotube passes through the inner wall of one side of the groove and is connected to the liquid outlet of the external cryotank, and the other end of the cryotube passes through the other side of the groove. The inner wall is connected with the liquid inlet of the freezing liquid tank.

A further solution is that a support beam is arranged above the shear box, two ends of the support beam are fixedly connected with the two inner side walls of the box body, and the first hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the lower end of the support beam. .

The beneficial effects of the present utility model:

By arranging a box outside the shearing device, and by wrapping a freezing tube on the outer surface of the box, passing frozen brine into the freezing tube, and detecting the temperature in the box through the first temperature sensor, the temperature in the box is maintained at the required level Within the lower range, the ice content and unfrozen water content of the frozen soil sample in the box will not change, and the shear strength test of the frozen soil sample will not be affected;

By setting a base with a groove, the box is located inside the groove, and horizontal shock absorption devices are arranged on both sides of the box to dampen the vibration generated in the horizontal direction of the box; at the same time, between the box and the bottom of the groove The vertical shock absorption device is installed to improve the shock absorption effect of the box in the vertical direction, so that the box can avoid the instability of the box caused by the vibration caused by the shear strength test of the frozen soil sample and affect the detection.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of direct shearing apparatus of the embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the box body is wound with freezing pipes in the embodiment of the utility model;

10-groove; 2-box; 20-refrigeration tube; 21-box cover; 22-first temperature sensor; 23-beam; 30-metal elastic plate; 300-fixture; 31-first spring; 32-pressing plate; 40-shock-absorbing sleeve; 41-connecting rod; 42-second spring; 43-shock-absorbing pressure block; 50-upper shear box; 51-lower shear box; 52 - Second temperature sensor; 60 - first hydraulic cylinder; 61 - vertical thrust head; 70 - second hydraulic cylinder; 71 - horizontal thrust head.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1-2, an embodiment of the present utility model discloses a direct shearing instrument, comprising a base 1 and a box body 2, the base 1 is provided with a groove 10, and the box body 2 is provided in the groove 10; The surface of the box body 2 is wound with a freezing tube 20 for cooling the box body 2. The upper end of the box body 2 is provided with a box cover 21 which is matched with the box body 2. 2. The first temperature sensor 22 for detecting the internal temperature, the first temperature sensor 22 is fixed on the inner wall of the box body 2, the first temperature sensor 22 is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is electrically connected with the control terminal; the box body 2 and the concave A vertical damping device for damping the box body 2 in a vertical direction is arranged between the bottom surfaces of the grooves 10 ; the vertical damping device includes a metal elastic plate 30 , a first spring 31 and a pressure plate 32 ; The two ends are respectively fixedly connected with the two inner side walls of the groove 10; the arc-shaped upper end surface of the metal elastic plate 30 is in contact with the lower end of the pressing plate 32; the box body 2 is fixed on the upper end surface of the pressing plate 32; The two inner side walls of the metal elastic plate 30 are fixedly connected; the horizontal bottom of the metal elastic plate 30 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the groove 10, the upper end of the first spring 31 is fixedly connected with the arc-shaped bottom surface of the metal elastic plate 30, and the lower end of the first spring 31 is connected with the concave bottom surface. The groove 10 is fixedly connected; the middle of the two sides of the box body 2 is symmetrically provided with a horizontal shock absorption device for shock absorption in the horizontal direction of the box body. The horizontal shock absorption device includes a shock absorption sleeve 40 and a connecting rod 41. is fixed on the inner side wall of the groove 10; a second spring 42 is arranged inside the shock-absorbing sleeve 40, and one end of the connecting rod 41 is fixedly connected with a shock-absorbing pressure block 43 corresponding to the second spring 42; The other end is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the box body 2 . The vibration energy generated by the box in the vertical direction is transmitted to the metal elastic plate through the pressure plate, and the metal elastic plate absorbs part of the vibration energy through deformation. When the first spring deforms, it absorbs part of the vibration energy to realize the vibration energy absorption of the box in the vertical direction, and the vibration energy generated by the box in the horizontal direction can be transmitted to the shock-absorbing pressure block and the second spring through the connecting rod. Finally, the energy is transmitted to the inner wall of the groove and absorbed by the inner wall; by passing frozen brine into the freezing tube wound on the outer surface of the box, and detecting the temperature in the box through the first temperature sensor, the temperature in the box is maintained at the required temperature. Within the low range, ensure that the ice content and unfrozen water content of the frozen soil sample in the box remain unchanged.

In this embodiment, the number of the metal elastic plates 30 is set to be multiple, and the multiple metal elastic plates 30 are connected by the fixing member 300 . It can enhance the ability of metal elastic plate to absorb shock energy.

In this embodiment, the shearing device includes a shearing box, a vertical hydraulic power device that applies vertical pressure to the shearing box, and a horizontal hydraulic power device that applies a horizontal thrust to the shearing box. The shearing box includes an upper shearing box 50 and a lower shearing box 50. The shear box 51 and the upper surface of the upper shear box 50 are provided with a second temperature sensor 52 for detecting the temperature of the shear box, and the second temperature sensor 52 is electrically connected to the controller. By setting a vertical hydraulic power device and a horizontal hydraulic power device, vertical pressure and horizontal thrust are applied to the frozen soil sample, so that the ground breaking sample undergoes shear displacement along the horizontal contact surface of the upper and lower boxes until it is destroyed, and the frozen soil sample is realized. shear strength testing.

In this embodiment, the vertical hydraulic power device includes a first hydraulic cylinder 60, which is driven by a hydraulic drive device, and the end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 60 is connected to a center position for pressing against the top of the upper shear box 50. A vertical thrust plug 61 that applies vertical pressure to the soil sample in the shear box. A vertical pressure sensor and a vertical displacement sensor are installed in the vertical thrust plug 61, and both the vertical pressure sensor and the vertical displacement sensor are electrically connected to the controller. By arranging the first hydraulic cylinder to apply a vertical thrust to the upper shear box, the error caused by the vertical thrust applied by manual power is eliminated.

In this embodiment, the horizontal hydraulic power device includes a second hydraulic cylinder 70 fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the box body 2, the second hydraulic cylinder is driven by the hydraulic driving device, and the end of the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 70 is connected with One side wall of the shear box 51 and a horizontal thrust plug 71 that applies horizontal thrust to the soil sample in the shear box. The horizontal thrust plug 71 is equipped with a horizontal pressure sensor and a horizontal displacement sensor. The horizontal pressure sensor and the horizontal displacement sensor are both. Electrically connected to the controller. By setting the second hydraulic cylinder to apply horizontal thrust to the lower shear box, the error caused by the horizontal thrust applied by manual power is eliminated.

In this implementation, one end of the freezing tube 20 passes through the inner wall of one side of the groove 10 and is connected to the liquid outlet of the external freezing liquid tank, and the other end of the freezing tube 20 passes through the other inner wall of the groove 10 and is connected to the freezing liquid. connected to the liquid inlet of the tank. Integrate cryotubes with other structures.

In this embodiment, a support beam 23 is provided above the shear box, both ends of the support beam 23 are fixedly connected to the two inner side walls of the box 2 , and the first hydraulic cylinder 60 is fixed on the lower end of the support beam 23 . Fix the first hydraulic cylinder.

Finally, it should be noted that the above only describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Equivalent modifications and substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the present invention also fall within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are all included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A direct shearing instrument, comprising a base (1) and a casing (2), characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a groove (10), and the box body (2) is provided in the groove (10); The surface of the box body (2) is wound with a freezing pipe (20) for cooling the box body (2), and a box matched with the box body (2) is arranged on the upper end of the box body (2). A cover (21), a shearing device and a first temperature sensor (22) for detecting the temperature in the box body (2) are provided in the box body (2), the first temperature sensor (22) ) is fixed on the inner wall of the box body (2), the first temperature sensor (22) is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to a control terminal; A vertical shock absorbing device for damping the box body (2) in a vertical direction is provided between the box body (2) and the bottom surface of the groove (10); the vertical shock absorbing device It comprises a metal elastic plate (30), a first spring (31) and a pressing plate (32); the two ends of the metal elastic plate (30) are respectively fixedly connected with the two inner side walls of the groove (10); the metal The arc-shaped upper end surface of the elastic plate (30) is in contact with the lower end of the pressing plate (32); the box body (2) is fixed on the upper end surface of the pressing plate (32); both ends of the pressing plate (32) are fixedly connected to the two inner side walls of the groove (10); the horizontal bottom of the metal elastic plate (30) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the groove (10), and the upper end of the first spring (31) is connected to the bottom surface of the groove (10). The arc-shaped bottom surface of the metal elastic plate (30) is fixedly connected, and the lower end of the first spring (31) is fixedly connected with the groove (10); A horizontal shock absorption device for shock absorption in a horizontal direction of the box body is symmetrically arranged in the middle of the two sides of the box body (2), and the horizontal shock absorption device includes a shock absorption sleeve (40) and a connecting rod (41) , the bottom of the shock-absorbing sleeve (40) is fixed on the inner side wall of the groove (10); a second spring (42) is arranged inside the shock-absorbing sleeve (40), and the connecting rod ( One end of 41) is fixedly connected with a shock-absorbing pressure block (43) corresponding to the second spring (42); the other end of the connecting rod (41) is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the box body (2) . 2. a kind of direct shearing instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number of the metal elastic plates (30) is set to be multiple, and the multiple metal elastic plates (30) are connected by a fixing member (300). 3. a kind of direct shearing instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shearing device includes a shearing box, a vertical hydraulic power device for applying vertical pressure to the shearing box, and a horizontal hydraulic power device for applying a horizontal thrust to the shearing box, and the shearing box includes an upper shearing box (50) and a lower shearing box (51), the upper surface of the upper shearing box (50) is provided with a second temperature sensor (52) for detecting the temperature of the shearing box, the second temperature sensor (52) ) is electrically connected to the controller. 4. a kind of direct shearing instrument according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The vertical hydraulic power device includes a first hydraulic cylinder (60), the first hydraulic cylinder (60) is driven by a hydraulic drive device, and the end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (60) is connected with a A vertical thrust plug (61) for applying vertical pressure to the soil sample in the shearing box (50) at the top center position of the upper shearing box (50), wherein a vertical pressure sensor and a vertical pressure sensor are installed in the vertical thrusting plug (61). A vertical displacement sensor, the vertical pressure sensor and the vertical displacement sensor are all electrically connected to the controller. 5. a kind of direct shearing instrument according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The horizontal hydraulic power device includes a second hydraulic cylinder (70) fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the box body (2), the second hydraulic cylinder is driven by a hydraulic driving device, and the second hydraulic cylinder (70) is driven by a hydraulic drive device. The end of the piston rod is connected with a horizontal thrust plug (71) for pressing against a side wall of the lower shear box (51) and applying a horizontal thrust to the soil sample in the shear box, the horizontal thrust plug (71) A horizontal pressure sensor and a horizontal displacement sensor are installed inside, and both the horizontal pressure sensor and the horizontal displacement sensor are electrically connected to the controller. 6. a kind of direct shearing instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of the freezing tube (20) passes through one inner wall of the groove (10) and is connected to the liquid outlet of the external freezing liquid tank, and the other end of the freezing tube (20) passes through the groove The inner wall of the other side of (10) is connected with the liquid inlet of the freezing liquid tank. 7. A kind of direct shearing instrument according to claim 4, is characterized in that: A support beam (23) is arranged above the shear box, both ends of the support beam (23) are fixedly connected with the two inner side walls of the box body (2), and the first hydraulic cylinder (60) is fixed at the lower end of the support beam (23).

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