CN211009525U

CN211009525U - Self-locking bolt mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN211009525U
Application number: CN201921777270.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张华�
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-10-22
Filing date: 2019-10-22
Publication date: 2020-07-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-closing bolt locking mechanism, relating to the technical field of mechanical fasteners, which comprises a bolt, wherein one end of the bolt is provided with an anti-rotation limiting seat; the self-locking sleeve is sleeved on the anti-rotation limiting seat and forms non-rotatable splicing fit with the anti-rotation limiting seat, and a circle of mounting hole penetrates through the end face of the self-locking sleeve; the positioning nut is provided with a threaded hole and sleeved on the bolt; the fixing rods are provided with a plurality of fixing rods, each fixing rod comprises a rod body and a rod head, each rod body penetrates through one mounting hole and is connected with the positioning nut, a spring is sleeved on each rod body, one end of each spring is abutted against the self-locking sleeve, and the other end of each spring is abutted against the rod head; the self-locking sleeve is movable along the fixation rod in a direction towards and away from the retaining nut. The utility model discloses a self-locking bolt mechanism, simple structure through the auto-lock sleeve with prevent changeing spacing seat and form the not rotatable cooperation of pegging graft, can prevent effectively that set nut from rotating relative bolt under the effect of artificial external force, guarantees bolted connection's steadiness.

Description

Self-locking bolt mechanism

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a mechanical fastener technical field, concretely relates to self-closing lock bolt mechanism.

Background

The bolt is a mechanical part which is widely applied in modern industrial production and is also a very important fastening part, and various kinds of bolts are required to be used for various mechanical equipment, bridges, railways, tools, instruments and the like.

The bolt consists of a head part and a screw rod, and needs to be matched with a nut for use, the nut can be gradually loosened along with lines in the operation process of mechanical equipment, particularly during high-speed operation, and production and construction accidents are easily caused if the nut is not maintained in time.

The anti-loose structure of the currently known nut comprises friction anti-loose, mechanical nut anti-loose, riveting anti-loose, structure anti-loose and the like.

The friction is anti-loose, pressure and friction between the thread pairs are increased to prevent relative rotation, the nut is convenient to disassemble, but under the conditions of impact, vibration and variable load, the bolt can lead to pretightening force reduction due to looseness, the lost pretightening force is slowly increased along with the increase of vibration times, and finally the nut is loosened and the thread connection fails.

The locking of the mechanical nut is realized by directly limiting the relative rotation of a thread pair by using a stop piece, for example, a cotter pin, a serial steel wire, a stop washer and the like are adopted, so that the mode causes the inconvenience of complicated installation and disassembly and is not beneficial to wide production and application.

The riveting and anti-loosening are realized by adopting methods such as punching, welding, bonding and the like after the anti-loosening nut is screwed down, so that the screw pair loses the characteristics of a kinematic pair and is connected into non-detachable connection. In the mode of installing the locknut, the bolt rod can be used only once, the dismounting is very difficult, and the dismounting must be carried out by destroying the bolt pair of the locknut.

The anti-loosening structure utilizes the structure that the thread pair has positive and negative threads, and two nuts with different rotation directions are used, namely the anti-loosening principle of the Down's thread. Although the tang screw anti-loosening screw has certain anti-loosening operation, the peripheral nut can still loosen and fall off, so that the screw loses the anti-loosening function.

Therefore, the existing anti-loosening structure of the nut cannot realize the function of completely preventing loosening, only can delay the loosening time of the nut, and also has certain weakening to the strength performance of the bolt.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the defect that exists among the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a self-closing lock bolt mechanism not only can prevent effectively that set nut from rotating at the relative bolt of the effect of artificial external force down, and set nut dismantles the convenience.

The utility model provides a self-closing lock bolt mechanism, it includes:

one end of the bolt is provided with an anti-rotation limiting seat;

the self-locking sleeve is sleeved on the anti-rotation limiting seat and forms non-rotatable inserting fit with the anti-rotation limiting seat, and a circle of mounting hole penetrates through the end face of the self-locking sleeve;

the positioning nut is provided with a threaded hole matched with the bolt and sleeved on the bolt, and the positioning nut is arranged in parallel with the self-locking sleeve;

a plurality of fixing rods, each of which comprises a rod body and a rod head, wherein each rod body passes through one mounting hole and is connected with the positioning nut, the rod body is sleeved with a spring, one end of the spring is abutted against the self-locking sleeve, and the other end of the spring is abutted against the rod head;

the self-locking sleeve is movable along the fixation rod in a direction towards and away from the retaining nut.

On the basis of the technical scheme, a small nut is sleeved on a part, located between the self-locking sleeve and the positioning nut, of the rod body of the fixing rod, the rod body is provided with an external thread matched with the small nut, and the size of the small nut is larger than that of the mounting hole;

the size of the rod head of the fixing rod is larger than the outer diameter of the spring.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the middle part of the self-locking sleeve is provided with a through hole, and the anti-rotation limiting seat is inserted into the through hole and forms non-rotatable insertion matching with the through hole.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the anti-rotation limiting seat is of a polygonal structure, and knurls are arranged on the inner wall of the through hole along the circumferential direction.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the anti-rotation limiting seat is of a polygonal structure, and the through hole is a polygonal through hole matched with the anti-rotation limiting seat.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the cross section of the through hole is in a hexagonal shape or a polygonal shape more than the hexagonal shape.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the mounting hole is a stepped hole and comprises a large hole section and a small hole section which are communicated with each other, the large hole section is far away from the positioning nut, and one end of the spring is arranged in the large hole section and abutted against the stepped surface of the stepped hole.

On the basis of the technical scheme, a plurality of positioning holes which correspond to the fixing rods one by one are formed in the end face, facing the self-locking sleeve, of the positioning nut, and each fixing rod is welded and fixed in one positioning hole.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the bolt comprises a screw rod and a bolt head, and the bolt head is positioned at one end, far away from the anti-rotation limiting seat, of the screw rod.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the screw, the bolt head and the anti-rotation limiting seat are integrally formed, and the size of the anti-rotation limiting seat is smaller than that of the screw.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:

(1) the self-locking bolt mechanism of the utility model has simple structure and convenient disassembly of the positioning nut; through the cooperation of pegging graft that auto-lock sleeve and the spacing seat formation of preventing changeing are not rotatable, can prevent effectively that set nut from rotating relative to the bolt under the effect of artificial external force, set nut also can not relax and lead to the pretightning force to descend, guarantees bolted connection's steadiness.

(2) The self-locking bolt mechanism of the utility model has convenient assembly and disassembly, compresses the spring to the limit by rotating the small nut, maximizes the distance between the self-locking sleeve and the positioning nut, can screw the positioning nut into the bolt to the required position, and after releasing the spring, the self-locking sleeve is sleeved on the anti-rotation limiting seat and forms non-rotatable splicing fit with the anti-rotation limiting seat, thereby realizing the locking between the positioning nut and the bolt and playing the role of preventing the bolt from loosening; when the positioning nut needs to be loosened, the positioning nut can be rotated to withdraw from the bolt only by rotating the small nut again and compressing the spring until the self-locking sleeve is separated from the anti-rotation limiting seat.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-closing bolt mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bolt provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an installation diagram of the self-locking sleeve and the positioning nut according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a self-locking sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-bolt, 11-anti-rotation limiting seat, 12-screw, 13-bolt head, 2-self-locking sleeve, 21-mounting hole, 211-large hole section, 212-small hole section, 22-through hole, 3-positioning nut, 31-positioning hole, 4-fixing rod, 41-rod body, 42-rod head, 43-small nut and 5-spring.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a self-locking bolt mechanism, which includes a bolt 1, a self-locking sleeve 2, a positioning nut 3, and a fixing rod 4.

Referring to fig. 2, one end of the bolt 1 is provided with an anti-rotation limiting seat 11. In this embodiment, the bolt 1 further includes a screw 12 and a bolt head 13, and the bolt head 13 is located at one end of the screw 12 away from the anti-rotation limiting seat 11. The screw 12 is provided with a thread at a portion close to the anti-rotation limiting seat 11, and the size of the anti-rotation limiting seat 11 is smaller than that of the screw 12.

The self-locking sleeve 2 is sleeved on the anti-rotation limiting seat 11, a non-rotatable inserting fit is formed between the self-locking sleeve 2 and the anti-rotation limiting seat 11, and a circle of mounting holes 21 penetrate through the end face of the self-locking sleeve 2.

The positioning nut 3 is provided with a threaded hole matched with the bolt 1, when the bolt is required to be fastened, the positioning nut is sleeved on the bolt 1, the positioning nut 3 is arranged in parallel with the self-locking sleeve 2, and the central axis of the positioning nut 3 and the central axis of the self-locking sleeve 2 are on the same straight line.

Referring to fig. 3, the fixing lever 4 is provided in plural numbers, and the number thereof may be set corresponding to the mounting hole 21. Each of the fixing rods 4 includes a rod body 41 and a rod head 42 integrally formed with the rod body 41. Each rod body 41 penetrates through one mounting hole 21 and is fixedly connected with the positioning nut 3, a spring 5 is sleeved on each rod body 41, one end of each spring 5 abuts against the self-locking sleeve 2, and the other end of each spring 5 abuts against the rod head 42 of the fixing rod 4. Preferably, the spring 5 is always in a compressed state, and therefore the self-locking sleeve 2 is always subjected to the compressive spring force provided by the spring 5.

The self-locking sleeve 2 is movable along the fixing rod 4 in directions toward and away from the positioning nut 3 to lock and unlock the bolt 1 and the positioning nut 3.

The self-locking bolt mechanism of the embodiment is simple in structure and convenient to disassemble the positioning nut. When 3 screw in bolts of set nut 1 to required position, through auto-lock sleeve 2 with prevent changeing spacing seat 11 and form nonrotatable grafting cooperation, can prevent effectively that set nut 3 from rotating relative bolt 1 under the effect of non-artificial external force such as vibrations, set nut 3 also can not lax and lead to the pretightning force to descend, guarantees the steadiness that bolt 1 connects, has overcome the easy not hard up defect of current bolt use after a period, has better practicality and maneuverability.

In this embodiment, the rod body 41 of the fixing rod 4 is located between the self-locking sleeve 2 and the positioning nut 3, and is sleeved with a small nut 43, and the rod body 41 is provided with an external thread matched with the small nut 43. The small nut 43 is larger than the mounting hole 21.

The size of the head 42 of the fixing rod 4 is larger than the outer diameter of the spring 5 to prevent the spring 5 from falling off the fixing rod 4.

In this embodiment, the middle of the self-locking sleeve 2 is provided with a through hole 22, and the anti-rotation limiting seat 11 is inserted into the through hole 22 and forms a non-rotatable insertion fit with the through hole 22.

Preferably, the anti-rotation limiting seat 11 is a polygonal structure, and a knurling is arranged on the inner wall of the through hole 22 along the circumferential direction. Through setting up the annular knurl, when guaranteeing that through-hole 22 can form nonrotatable grafting cooperation with preventing changeing spacing seat 11, still be favorable to auto-lock sleeve 2 and all can embolia at arbitrary angle and prevent changeing spacing seat 11 and carry out spacing locking.

In other embodiments, the anti-rotation limiting seat 11 is a polygonal structure, and the through hole 22 may also be a polygonal through hole 22 adapted to the anti-rotation limiting seat 11. The size and structure of the through hole 22 are matched with those of the anti-rotation limiting seat 11 to achieve better limiting. In order to ensure that the self-locking sleeve 2 can be sleeved into the anti-rotation limiting seat 11 at more angles, the cross-sectional shape of the through hole 22 is at least hexagonal and polygonal more than hexagonal.

Referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the mounting hole 21 is a stepped hole, the stepped hole includes a large hole section 211 and a small hole section 212 that are communicated with each other, the diameter of the large hole section 211 is larger than that of the small hole section 212, the large hole section 211 is disposed far from the positioning nut 3, and the small hole section 212 is disposed near the positioning nut 3. One end of the spring 5 is disposed in the large hole section 211 and abuts against a step surface of the step hole. At this time, the size of the small nut 43 may be larger than that of the small hole section 212.

In this embodiment, each fixing rod 4 is fixed by welding to the surface of the fixing nut 3.

In other embodiments, the end surface of the positioning nut 3 facing the self-locking sleeve 2 may be provided with a plurality of positioning holes 31, the plurality of positioning holes 31 correspond to the plurality of fixing rods 4 one by one, and each fixing rod 4 is welded and fixed in one positioning hole 31, so as to increase the connection stability between the fixing rod 4 and the positioning nut 3.

In this embodiment, the screw 12, the bolt head 13, and the anti-rotation limiting seat 11 are integrally formed. Therefore, only need carry out simple transformation to bolt 1, cooperation set nut 3 and self-locking sleeve 2 can prevent that bolt 1 that external factors such as vibrations arouse is not hard up, and the transformation cost is low. Under the condition of not changing the original product characteristics of the bolt 1, the method has important significance on the production safety and the production efficiency of various industries.

The bolt mechanism of this embodiment needs to connect auto-lock sleeve 2 and set nut 3 through dead lever 4 earlier before using, makes auto-lock sleeve 2 and set nut 3 form to screw up and lock dead integrative auto-lock structure, specifically includes:

firstly, the spring 5 is sleeved on the fixing rod 4, then the fixing rod 4 sleeved with the spring 5 penetrates through the self-locking sleeve 2, then the small nut 43 is screwed into the middle part of the fixing rod 4, and finally the end part of the fixing rod 4 is welded and fixed in the positioning hole 31 corresponding to the positioning nut 3. The distance between the self-locking sleeve 2 and the positioning nut 3 can be adjusted by a small nut 43.

The embodiment also provides a use method of the self-locking bolt mechanism, which comprises the following steps:

the bolt 1 is first inserted into the desired connection part and then the small nut 43 is turned in the direction of the self-locking sleeve 2 to compress the spring 5 to the limit, at which the distance between the self-locking sleeve 2 and the positioning nut 3 is the largest.

And then the positioning nut 3 is screwed into the bolt 1 to a position required to be locked according to normal operation, and at the moment, the self-locking sleeve 2 faces to the plane where the end face of the positioning nut 3 is located and is mutually staggered with the plane where the end face of the anti-rotation limiting seat 11 far away from the bolt head 13 is located. Optionally, the two planes abut each other, or a small gap is left between the two planes.

And finally, rotating the small nut 43 in the direction of the positioning nut 3 to release the spring 5, moving the self-locking sleeve 2 towards the positioning nut 3 and sleeving the anti-rotation limiting seat 11, and enabling the self-locking sleeve 2 and the anti-rotation limiting seat 11 to form non-rotatable splicing fit, so that the finished positioning nut 3 is locked with the bolt 1. At this moment, because of spring 5 reserved certain compressive force when the design, can not release completely when releasing spring 5 at every turn, consequently spring 5 has the pushing and pressing effect all the time to auto-lock sleeve 2, can not produce relative motion between set nut 3 and bolt 1 and become flexible, realizes preventing the not flexible effect of set nut 3.

In this embodiment, when the positioning nut 3 needs to be repaired or loosened, the positioning nut 3 can be rotated to withdraw from the bolt 1 by rotating the small nut 43 toward the self-locking sleeve 2 again to compress the spring 5 until the self-locking sleeve 2 is separated from the anti-rotation limiting seat 11, so as to achieve the effect of releasing the fastening of the bolt 1.

The self-locking bolt mechanism is convenient to assemble and disassemble, the spring is compressed to the limit by rotating the small nut, the distance between the self-locking sleeve and the positioning nut is maximum, the positioning nut can be screwed into the bolt to a required position, after the spring is released, the self-locking sleeve is sleeved on the anti-rotation limiting seat and forms non-rotatable splicing fit with the anti-rotation limiting seat, and therefore locking between the positioning nut and the bolt is achieved, and the bolt is prevented from loosening; when the positioning nut needs to be loosened, the positioning nut can be rotated to withdraw from the bolt only by rotating the small nut again and compressing the spring until the self-locking sleeve is separated from the anti-rotation limiting seat.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any person can obtain other products in various forms without departing from the scope of the present invention, but any change in shape or structure is within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. A self-locking bolt mechanism, comprising:

one end of the bolt (1) is provided with an anti-rotation limiting seat (11);

the self-locking sleeve (2) is sleeved on the anti-rotation limiting seat (11) and forms non-rotatable inserting fit with the anti-rotation limiting seat (11), and a circle of mounting hole (21) penetrates through the end face of the self-locking sleeve (2);

the positioning nut (3) is provided with a threaded hole matched with the bolt (1) and sleeved on the bolt (1), and the positioning nut (3) is arranged in parallel with the self-locking sleeve (2);

the fixing rods (4) are provided with a plurality of fixing rods, each fixing rod (4) comprises a rod body (41) and a rod head (42), each rod body (41) penetrates through one mounting hole (21) and is connected with the positioning nut (3), a spring (5) is sleeved on each rod body (41), one end of each spring (5) is abutted to the self-locking sleeve (2), and the other end of each spring is abutted to the rod head (42);

the self-locking sleeve (2) can move along the fixing rod (4) in the direction close to and far away from the positioning nut (3).

2. The self-locking bolt mechanism of claim 1, wherein:

a small nut (43) is sleeved on a part, located between the self-locking sleeve (2) and the positioning nut (3), of the rod body (41) of the fixing rod (4), an external thread matched with the small nut (43) is arranged on the rod body (41), and the size of the small nut (43) is larger than that of the mounting hole (21);

the size of the rod head (42) of the fixing rod (4) is larger than the size of the outer diameter of the spring (5).

3. The self-locking bolt mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the middle part of the self-locking sleeve (2) is provided with a through hole (22), and the anti-rotation limiting seat (11) is inserted into the through hole (22) and forms non-rotatable insertion matching with the through hole (22).

4. The self-locking bolt mechanism of claim 3, wherein: prevent changeing spacing seat (11) and be polygonized structure, through-hole (22) inner wall is provided with the annular knurl along circumference.

5. The self-locking bolt mechanism of claim 3, wherein: prevent changeing spacing seat (11) and be polygonized structure, through-hole (22) are for preventing changeing polygon through-hole (22) of spacing seat (11) looks adaptation.

6. The self-locking bolt mechanism of claim 5, wherein: the cross-sectional shape of the through hole (22) is hexagonal or polygonal more than hexagonal.

7. The self-locking bolt mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the mounting hole (21) is a step hole and comprises a big hole section and a small hole section which are communicated with each other, the big hole section is far away from the positioning nut (3), and one end of the spring (5) is arranged in the big hole section and is abutted to the step surface of the step hole.

8. The self-locking bolt mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the end face, facing the self-locking sleeve (2), of the positioning nut (3) is provided with a plurality of positioning holes (31) which correspond to the fixing rods (4) one by one, and each fixing rod (4) is welded and fixed in one positioning hole (31).

9. The self-locking bolt mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the bolt (1) comprises a screw rod (12) and a bolt head (13), wherein the bolt head (13) is positioned at one end, far away from the anti-rotation limiting seat (11), of the screw rod (12).

10. The self-latching bolt mechanism of claim 9, wherein: the anti-rotation limiting seat is characterized in that the screw rod (12), the bolt head (13) and the anti-rotation limiting seat (11) are integrally formed, and the size of the anti-rotation limiting seat (11) is smaller than that of the screw rod (12).