CN210990626U - Three-dimensional accurate positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture - Google Patents
Three-dimensional accurate positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture Download PDFInfo
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- CN210990626U CN210990626U CN201921662320.8U CN201921662320U CN210990626U CN 210990626 U CN210990626 U CN 210990626U CN 201921662320 U CN201921662320 U CN 201921662320U CN 210990626 U CN210990626 U CN 210990626U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical appliances, a three-dimensional accurate locator is used in intracranial hematoma minimal access puncture art is specifically disclosed. The three-dimensional accurate positioner comprises a fixed panel and a angle measuring plate, wherein the bottom of the fixed panel is provided with an arc-shaped groove, the bottom edges of two sides of the arc-shaped groove are respectively connected with a fixed nut, and the fixed nuts are connected with a fixed screw rod; the top edge, the left side edge and the right side edge of the fixed panel are respectively provided with a first scale, a second scale and a third scale, and the fixed panel is also provided with a left sliding groove, a middle sliding groove and a right sliding groove; the angle measuring plate is installed on the outer side face of the fixed panel through the attachment of the fastening bolt, and the angle measuring plate can move along the left sliding groove, the middle sliding groove or the right sliding groove under stress when the fastening bolt is in a loosening state. The locator has the advantages of simple structure, flexible use, accurate location, suitability for puncture of intracranial hematoma at any position and strong practicability.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The utility model relates to the technical field of medical appliances, in particular to an accurate locator is used in intracranial hematoma wicresoft puncture art.
[ background of the invention ]
The cerebral apoplexy is the first cause of death of human beings at present, and is characterized by high morbidity, high mortality and high disability rate, wherein the morbidity of cerebral hemorrhage is 60-80 people/10 ten thousand per year, the cerebral hemorrhage accounts for about 20-30% of all cerebral apoplexy in China, the mortality rate in the acute stage is as high as 30-40%, and more than 30% of survivors are left with functional disorders; adult cerebral hemorrhage in Europe and America accounts for 10% -20% of all cerebral apoplexy, and the fatality rate is 23% -52%.
Based on the limitations of large trauma and high risk of cerebral hemorrhage patients and the rapid reduction of local pressure to induce rebleeding or aggravation of edema in the craniotomy, the minimally invasive hematoma drainage method increasingly pays more attention to and is applied to the clinic. The minimally invasive hematoma drainage method generally adopts a line drawing method, an aiming method and the like to perform puncture according to the principle nearby, the puncture direction is inaccurate, the depth of a drainage tube cannot be changed, the puncture drainage is mainly performed in a local small range, hematoma is not thoroughly cleared, and furthermore, the puncture of a brainstem, a third ventricle and a fourth ventricle is dared to be performed and the puncture of a longer drainage tube is not required. Based on this, the improved soft channel stereotaxic technique is widely applied to the minimally invasive hematoma drainage method, and the technique needs the soft channel drainage tube to enter the intracranial for a long distance (about 12cm is needed for the hemorrhage in the basal ganglia region), needs accurate positioning, particularly needs accurate positioning for the drainage of the third ventricle, the fourth ventricle and the brainstem, and does not allow multiple times of puncture, otherwise, the injury is large, the effect is poor, particularly, the brainstem puncture does not allow failure. However, many years of clinical experience shows that the puncture accuracy is not high, and beginners are lower. The puncture and tube placement position is still inaccurate in the operation process, multiple times of puncture and repeated CT examination are needed, because the puncture angle is inaccurate, each time of tube placement is a new tube replacement process, multiple times of puncture makes operators, assistants and CT technicians fatigue, and causes the risk of patient hemorrhage increase, and family members are distrusted.
In order to solve the above problems, many studies have been made to solve the problems, but some problems still remain. For example, chinese utility model patent CN202437341U stereotactic minimally invasive intervention intracranial hematoma removal locator, this technical scheme can effectively puncture and locate the basal ganglia and thalamus bleeding patients (i.e. frontal approach puncture and temporal approach puncture) by using the support and the protractor in sliding fit with the support cross bar, but can not puncture and locate the cerebellum, occipital lobe or brainstem bleeding (i.e. occipital approach puncture and cerebellum approach puncture), which is not comprehensive enough, and not high in flexibility, and it is difficult to realize cerebellum, occipital lobe or brainstem bleeding puncture and location by simple improvement on the basis of its existing structure; and chinese utility model patent CN202505354U intracranial hematoma puncture position finder and chinese utility model patent CN102670305A craniocerebral minimally invasive surgery measure appearance can puncture angular positioning, but can't stably fix at patient's head, and the activity error is big, and positioning accuracy is not high.
[ Utility model ] content
In order to overcome prior art not enough, the utility model aims to provide a three-dimensional accurate locator is used in intracranial hematoma minimal access surgery, this three-dimensional accurate locator not only simple structure, use nimble, location accuracy, very big improvement the success rate of puncture, be applicable to the intracranial hematoma puncture at any position moreover, the practicality is strong.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical proposal that:
a three-dimensional accurate positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture comprises a fixed panel and a angle measuring plate detachably fixed on the fixed panel, wherein the bottom of the fixed panel is provided with an arc-shaped groove with a concave top, and the arc-shaped groove is communicated with the bottom edge of the fixed panel; the bottom edges of the fixed panel, which are positioned at two sides of the arc-shaped groove, are respectively connected with a first fixed nut and a second fixed nut, the perforation directions of the first fixed nut and the second fixed nut are parallel to the bottom edge of the fixed panel, the first fixed nut is in threaded connection with a first fixed screw, and the second fixed nut is in threaded connection with a second fixed screw;
the top edge of the fixed panel is provided with a first scale, the first scale is arranged along the length direction of the fixed panel, and the fixed panel is also provided with a left sliding groove, a middle sliding groove and a right sliding groove; the middle sliding groove is positioned in the middle of the fixed panel and is parallel to the top edge of the fixed panel, the 0 scale of the first scale, the middle point of the top edge of the fixed panel, the middle point of the middle sliding groove and the highest point of the arc-shaped groove are positioned on the same horizontal line and are perpendicular to the top edge of the fixed panel, the left sliding groove is arranged on the left side edge of the arc-shaped groove of the fixed panel and forms a 45-degree included angle with the top edge of the fixed panel, and the right sliding groove and the left sliding groove are in central axis symmetry;
the top edge of the angle measuring plate is provided with angle scales, the 0-degree angle of the angle scales is overlapped with the midpoint of the top edge of the angle measuring plate, the angle measuring plate is installed on the outer side surface of the fixed panel in a fitting mode through a fastening bolt and a positioning bolt, and the angle measuring plate can be stressed to move along the left sliding groove, the middle sliding groove or the right sliding groove when the fastening bolt and the positioning bolt are in a loosening state.
Furthermore, a second scale and a third scale which are symmetrical with each other in a central axis are arranged on the fixed panel, the second scale is positioned right above the left sliding groove and is parallel to the left sliding groove, and the distance between the second scale and the left sliding groove is equal to the distance between the first scale and the middle sliding groove; the 0 scale of the second scale and the midpoint of the left sliding groove are positioned on the same horizontal line and form an included angle of 45 degrees with the top edge of the fixed panel; meanwhile, the intersection point of the connecting line of the second scale 0 and the midpoint of the left sliding groove and the arc groove is positioned on the midpoint line of the arc height of the arc groove, and the midpoint line is parallel to the top edge of the fixed panel.
Furthermore, the angle measuring plate is also sequentially provided with a scale display groove, a mounting sliding groove, a fourth scale and a fifth scale from top to bottom, which are parallel to each other, the fourth scale is arranged along the length direction of the bottom edge of the mounting sliding groove, the fifth scale is arranged along the length direction of the bottom edge of the angle measuring plate, and the 0-degree angle of the angle scale, the midpoint of the scale display groove, the midpoint of the mounting sliding groove, the 0 scale of the fourth scale and the 0 scale of the fifth scale are positioned on the same horizontal line and are perpendicular to the bottom edge of the angle measuring plate; the distance between the first scale and the middle sliding groove is equal to the distance between the scale display groove and the mounting sliding groove, and the distance between the mounting sliding groove and the bottom edge of the angle measuring plate is equal to the distance between the left sliding groove and the arc-shaped groove.
Furthermore, the head end of the positioning bolt is rotatably connected with a drainage tube positioning groove.
Furthermore, the end parts of the first fixing screw rod and the second fixing screw rod, which are positioned in the arc-shaped groove, are both connected with fixing gaskets.
Furthermore, a sixth scale, a seventh scale and an eighth scale are further arranged on the edge, close to the arc-shaped groove, of the fixed panel, the sixth scale, the seventh scale and the eighth scale are parallel to the corresponding second scale, the corresponding first scale and the corresponding third scale, the middle points of the 0 scale of the sixth scale, the 0 scale of the second scale and the left sliding groove are located on the same horizontal line and perpendicular to the left sliding groove, the middle points of the 0 scale of the seventh scale, the 0 scale of the first scale and the middle sliding groove are located on the same horizontal line and perpendicular to the top edge of the fixed panel, and the middle points of the 0 scale of the eighth scale, the 0 scale of the third scale and the right sliding groove are located on the same horizontal line and perpendicular to the right sliding groove.
Furthermore, the corners of the fixed panel are arc-shaped.
Furthermore, the number of the first fixing nuts and the number of the second fixing nuts are at least two.
Further, the fixed panel and the angle measuring plate are both made of stainless steel.
Owing to used the technical scheme of the utility model, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
first, the utility model discloses the arc recess that fixed panel seted up and human head shape looks adaptation can cover the biggest aspect department of corresponding to hematoma at patient's preceding brain door (forehead portion) or side brain bag (temple portion) according to actual need, and it is fixed to make the both sides contact that solid fixed shim corresponds with patient's brain respectively through rotatory first clamping screw and second clamping screw, can be with the stable frame of fixed panel at patient's head, do benefit to and carry out subsequent location operation, and fixed knot constructs simply and stability is high.
Secondly, when the patient is in basal ganglia or thalamic hemorrhage and needs frontal access or temporal access puncture, the angle measuring plate is correspondingly fixed on the middle sliding groove of the fixed panel through the fastening bolt, then the fixed panel is covered at the anterior cerebral portal (frontal part) of the patient, 0 scale of the fixed panel is aligned and fixed with the frontal central line or the puncturing side of the arc connecting line of the external auditory meatus at two sides vertical to the cranial central line at the maximum hematoma level, the angle of 0 degree of the angle measuring plate is moved to correspond to the puncturing point of the head of the patient, then moving a positioning bolt to the position where the drainage tube positioning groove is overlapped with the extension line of the angle of the included angle measured on the CT plane for fixation, then rotating the drainage tube positioning groove to the position where the opening direction of the drainage tube positioning groove is consistent with the direction of the extension line of the angle of the measured included angle, and finally enabling the drainage tube to sequentially penetrate through the drainage tube positioning groove and the puncture point of the head of the patient so as to enter the cerebral hematoma part of the patient; when the patient is cerebellum, occipital lobe or brainstem bleeding and needs occipital part access or cerebellum access puncture, the fixed panel is covered at the position of the maximum hematoma layer of the side brain bag (temporal part) of the patient to be fixed, then the angle measuring plate is replaced to the left side sliding groove or the right side sliding groove of the fixed panel to be fixed, then the angle measuring plate is moved to enable the 0-degree angle of the angle measuring plate to correspond to the head puncture point of the patient, then the positioning bolt is moved to the position where the drainage tube positioning groove is overlapped with the extension line of the angle measured on the CT plane to be fixed, then the drainage tube positioning groove is rotated to the position where the opening direction of the drainage tube positioning groove is consistent with the extension line direction of the angle measured angle, and finally the drainage tube sequentially penetrates through the. Namely, the utility model discloses a locator simple structure, and be used for the cerebral hemorrhage puncture approach at all positions, use in a flexible way, the practicality is strong.
Thirdly, the utility model discloses a locator is made by thin layer stainless steel, but high temperature is disinfected repeatedly, sanitary degree is high, and non-deformable, and positioning accuracy is high, long service life.
To sum up, the utility model discloses an intracranial hematoma is accurate locator of three-dimensional for puncture technique of wicresoft not only simple structure, easy and simple to handle, can be used to the accurate location that all cerebral hemorrhage puncture entered the way moreover, it is multiple functional, effectively promoted intracranial hemorrhage's puncture success rate, the practicality is strong.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the three-dimensional precise positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture.
Fig. 2 is another schematic structural view of the three-dimensional precise positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture of the utility model.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the fixing panel of fig. 1 or 2.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the gusset of FIG. 1 or FIG. 2.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning bolt of the present invention.
The main reference symbols in the drawings are as follows:
in the figure, 1-fixed panel, 11-arc groove, 12-first fixed nut, 13-second fixed nut, 14-first fixed screw, 141-fixed washer, 15-second fixed screw, 16-first scale, 17-middle sliding groove, 171-seventh scale, 18-left sliding groove, 181-second scale, 182-sixth scale, 19-right sliding groove, 191-third scale, 192-eighth scale, 2-angle plate, 21-angle scale, 22-scale display groove, 23-attachment sliding groove, 24-fourth scale, 25-fifth scale, 26-angle plate bottom edge, 27-angle plate top edge, 28-angle plate side edge, 3-fastening bolt, 4-positioning bolt, 41-a drainage tube positioning groove and 5-a drainage tube.
The following detailed description of the invention will be further described in conjunction with the above-identified drawings.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a three-dimensional accurate positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture comprises a fixing panel 1 and a measuring angle plate 2 detachably fixed on the fixing panel 1, wherein the fixing panel 1 and the measuring angle plate 2 are made of stainless steel, can be repeatedly sterilized at high temperature for use and are not easy to deform, and the stainless steel is a thin layer, so as to avoid the phenomenon that the thickness of the fixing panel 1 or the measuring angle plate 2 affects the puncture precision.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, an arc-shaped groove 11 which is concave towards the top is formed at the bottom of the fixing panel 1, the arc-shaped groove 11 is communicated with the bottom edge of the fixing panel 1, and the arc-shaped groove 11 is matched with the head shape of a patient and is used for being erected at the front part, the side part or the rear part of the brain bag of the patient according to the actual puncture requirement. The corner of the fixed panel 1 is arc-shaped, the arc-shaped edge of the fixed panel 1 is smooth and blunt, the phenomenon that the edge of the fixed panel 1 scratches a patient or an operator is avoided, and the use safety of the fixed panel 1 is improved.
The fixing panel 1 is provided with a first scale 16, a second scale 181, a third scale 191, a sixth scale 182, a seventh scale 171 and an eighth scale 192 for assisting in judging the puncture included angle of the drainage tube 5 so as to improve the accuracy of puncture. The first scale 16 is arranged along the length direction of the top edge of the fixed panel 1, and the sixth scale 182, the seventh scale 171 and the eighth scale 192 are arranged near the edge of the arc-shaped groove 11; still seted up left side sliding tray 18, middle part sliding tray 17 and right side sliding tray 19 on the fixed panel 1, middle part sliding tray 17, left side sliding tray 18 with right side sliding tray 19 all runs through the lateral surface and the medial surface of fixed panel 1 are used for passing through as required fastening bolt 3 will the angulometry board 2 is fixed in on the sliding tray that fixed panel 1 corresponds to make medical personnel's accessible refer to the angle scale of angulometry board 2 determines the puncture angle of drainage tube 5. The middle sliding groove 17 is arranged in the middle of the fixed panel 1 (i.e. directly above the arc-shaped groove 11) and is parallel to the top edge of the fixed panel 1, the seventh scale 171 is arranged directly below the middle sliding groove 17 and is parallel to the middle sliding groove 17, and the 0 scale of the first scale 16, the midpoint of the top edge of the fixed panel 1, the midpoint of the middle sliding groove 17, the 0 scale of the seventh scale 171 and the highest point of the arc-shaped groove 11 are located on the same horizontal line and are perpendicular to the top edge of the fixed panel 1; the left sliding groove 18 is formed in the fixed panel 1 and located on the left side of the arc-shaped groove 11, an included angle of 45 degrees is formed between the left sliding groove 18 and the top side of the fixed panel 1, the right sliding groove 19 is formed in the fixed panel 1 and located on the right side of the arc-shaped groove 11 and is axially symmetrical to the left sliding groove 18, and meanwhile, the left sliding groove 18, the middle sliding groove 17 and the right sliding groove 19 are not intersected with each other; the second scale 181 and the sixth scale 182 are respectively located right above and right below the left sliding groove 18 and are parallel to the left sliding groove 18, the 0 scale of the second scale 181, the midpoint of the left sliding groove 18 and the 0 scale of the sixth scale 182 are located on the same horizontal line and are perpendicular to the left sliding groove 18, the third scale 191 and the eighth scale 192 are respectively located right above and right below the right sliding groove 19 and are parallel to the right sliding groove 19, the second scale 181 and the third scale 191 are symmetrical, the 0 scale of the third scale 191, the midpoint of the right sliding groove 19 and the 0 scale of the eighth scale 192 are located on the same horizontal line and form an included angle of 45 degrees with the top edge of the fixed panel 1, and meanwhile, the intersection point of the horizontal line and the arc-shaped groove 11 is located on the midpoint line of the arc height of the arc-shaped groove 11, and the midpoint line is parallel to the top edge of the fixed panel 1; the distance between the second scale 181 and the left sliding groove 18, and the distance between the third scale 191 and the right sliding groove 19 are equal to the distance between the first scale 16 and the middle sliding groove 17.
Referring to fig. 5, the angle gauge panel 2 includes a bottom edge 26, a top edge 27, and two side edges 28 connecting the bottom edge 26 and the top edge 27, wherein the bottom edge 26 is horizontal, the top edge 27 is arc-shaped, and the two side edges 28 and the bottom edge 26 form an arc-shaped corner, so that the edge of the angle gauge panel 2 is blunt and safe to use. The top edge 27 of the angle measuring plate 1 is provided with angle scales 21 for determining the puncture direction of the drainage tube 5 according to the puncture included angle, and each 5-degree angle of the angle scales 21 is 1cm wide, so that the phenomenon of inaccurate puncture caused by too wide or too narrow angle scales 21 is avoided; the angle measuring plate 2 is sequentially provided with a scale display groove 22 and a mounting sliding groove 23 which are parallel to each other at intervals from the top edge 27 to the bottom edge 26, and both the scale display groove 22 and the mounting sliding groove 23 penetrate through the outer side surface and the inner side surface of the angle measuring plate 2; the bottom edge of the mounting sliding groove 23 is provided with a fourth scale 24, the fourth scale 24 is arranged along the length direction of the mounting sliding groove 23, the bottom edge 26 of the angle measuring plate 2 is provided with a fifth scale 25, the fifth scale 25 is arranged along the length direction of the bottom edge 26 of the angle measuring plate 1, and the fourth scale 24 and the fifth scale 25 are used for assisting the angle scale 21 to position the puncture angle. The midpoint of the top edge 27 of the angle measuring plate 2, the 0 degree angle of the angle scale 21, the midpoint of the scale display groove 22, the midpoint of the mounting sliding groove 23, the 0 scale of the fourth scale 24 and the 0 scale of the fifth scale 25 are all located on the same horizontal line and are perpendicular to the bottom edge 26 of the angle measuring plate 2; the distance between the scale display groove 22 and the mounting sliding groove 23 is equal to the distance between the first scale 16 and the middle sliding groove 17, the distance between the mounting sliding groove 23 and the bottom edge 26 of the angle gauge plate 1, and the distance between the left sliding groove 18 and the arc-shaped groove 11 are equal to the distance between the right sliding groove 19 and the arc-shaped groove 11, so that the phenomenon that when the angle gauge plate 2 is fixed on the fixed panel 1, the bottom edge 26 of the angle gauge plate 2 extends into the arc-shaped groove 11 to influence the covering and fixing of the arc-shaped groove 11 and the head of the patient is avoided.
The scale display groove 22 is configured to expose the first scale 16, the second scale 181 or the third scale 191, so that a medical worker can assist in confirming accuracy of a puncture angle with reference to the first scale 16, the second scale 181 or the third scale 191 during puncturing, so as to improve accuracy of puncturing, and the groove widths of the middle sliding groove 17, the left sliding groove 18, the right sliding groove 19 and the mounting sliding groove 23 are all equal. When the frontal portion enters the way and punctures or the temporal portion enters the way and punctures, will through two fastening bolt 3 the middle part sliding tray 17 with install sliding tray 23 overlap connection is fixed, can with survey scute 2 stable laminating install in the lateral surface of fixed panel 1 (as shown in figure 1), simultaneously, be in connect the middle part sliding tray 17 with install between two fastening bolt 3 of sliding tray 23 still be equipped with positioning bolt 4. As shown in fig. 6, a drainage tube positioning groove 41 is rotatably connected to the head end of the positioning bolt 4, the drainage tube positioning groove 41 can just accommodate the drainage tube 5 to pass through, and a certain friction force is provided between the drainage tube positioning groove 41 and the head end of the positioning bolt 4, so that the drainage tube can be rotated only when a certain external force is applied, for example, the drainage tube cannot be rotated by slight collision or random finger movement; when the fastening bolt 3 and the positioning bolt 4 are both in a loosened state, the angle measuring plate 2 can slide along the length direction of the middle sliding groove 17, so that the 0-degree angle of the angle measuring plate 2 is aligned to the puncture point of the head of a patient, then the positioning bolt 4 is moved to the position where the drainage tube fixing groove 41 is located on the extension line of the angle of the included angle and fixed according to the puncture included angle obtained by CT measurement, then the drainage tube positioning groove 41 is rotated to the position where the opening direction of the drainage tube positioning groove is consistent with the direction of the extension line of the angle of the included angle, and at the moment, a medical worker can quickly and accurately puncture the drainage tube 5 through the drainage tube positioning groove 41 and extending to the actual puncture point of the head of the patient and then entering the brain of the patient.
As shown in fig. 2, when the occipital access or cerebellar access is punctured, the fastening bolt 3 is used to connect the right sliding groove 19 and the mounting sliding groove 23 in a corresponding overlapping manner (when the other side needs puncturing, the fastening bolt 3 is used to connect and fix the left sliding groove 18 and the mounting sliding groove 23 in a corresponding overlapping manner), so that the gusset 2 can be attached and installed on the outer side surface of the left side of the fixed panel 1, the positioning bolt 4 is provided between the two fastening bolts 3 connecting the right sliding groove 19 and the mounting sliding groove 23, the head end of the positioning bolt 4 is rotatably connected with the drainage tube positioning groove 41, at this time, one side 28 of the gusset 2 is perpendicular to the top edge of the fixed panel 1, and the other side 28 is parallel to the top edge of the fixed panel 1, and when the fastening bolt 3 and the positioning bolt 4 are both in a loosened state, the angle measuring plate 2 can slide along the length direction of the right sliding groove 19, so that an operator can move the angle measuring plate 2 to a 0-degree angle to be aligned with a puncture point of the head of a patient, then according to a puncture included angle measured by CT, the positioning bolt 4 is moved to the position where the drainage tube positioning groove 41 is positioned on an extension line of the included angle and fixed, and then the drainage tube positioning groove 41 is rotated to a position where the opening direction is consistent with the direction of the extension line of the included angle, at this time, a medical worker can penetrate the drainage tube 5 through the drainage tube positioning groove 41 and extend to the actual puncture point of the head of the patient and then enter the brain of the patient to puncture, and because the two side edges 28 of the angle measuring plate 2 are respectively perpendicular and parallel to the top edge of the fixing panel 1, the angle measuring plate 2 has reference during movement, and the direction stability of the movement of the angle measuring plate 2 is further improved, the positioning is more accurate.
The use method of the three-dimensional precise locator during the forehead approach puncture is briefly described as follows:
step S1: determination of standard plane: taking the canthus line (namely OM line) passing through the crystalline lens and the external auditory portal at two sides as a standard plane at the same time, and performing skull CT scanning at the interlayer spacing of 5mm to obtain a CT plain film;
step S2: determination of the maximum level of hematoma: marking a maximum hematoma layer on the CT plain film, calculating the distance from a standard plane (namely a skull base layer) to the maximum hematoma layer, drawing a front central line along the center of a nasal tip, a nasal root and a skull top, measuring a corresponding arc distance from the nasal root (a crystalline body position) to the maximum hematoma layer of the frontal part along the front central line, and making a frontal part mark; in the same way, the corresponding mark points of the maximum hematoma level are marked above the external auditory canals on both sides, and the three mark points (the center point of the forehead and the upper points of the external auditory canals on both sides) are connected into a plane, namely a puncture plane, which is identical with the maximum hematoma level on the CT plane. Respectively sticking 3 electrode plates on the three mark points for the purpose of rechecking CT to determine the puncture direction and the like;
step S3: determining the direction of the puncture plane drainage tube: marking a median line on the maximum hematoma layer of the CT plain film, taking the intersection point of the extension line of the long axis of the hematoma and the forehead as a puncture point (generally, the position is flat, a drainage tube is easy to fix, and the frontal sinus and the superior sagittal sinus are easy to avoid), measuring the distance between the anterior median line and the puncture point, and measuring the degree of an included angle formed between the connecting lines of the long axis of the hematoma and the anterior median line by using a protractor, wherein the included angle is the included angle in the puncture direction; and measuring the distance (5-10 mm from the edge of hematoma) from the puncture point to the far end of the longest axis of the maximum level of hematoma, wherein the distance is the depth of the tube. Steps S1-S3 are part of the prior art and will not be described in detail herein for brevity.
Step S4: positioning by adopting a three-dimensional accurate positioner: fixing the angle measuring plate 2 on the middle sliding groove 17 through the fastening bolt 3 and the positioning bolt 4, then covering the arc-shaped groove 11 on the puncture level marking line of the brain of the patient vertically and in a fitting manner, fixing the fixing pad 141 on the scalp which is close to the corresponding marking point of the maximum hematoma level above the external auditory meatus on both sides of the patient by rotating the first fixing screw 14 and the second fixing screw 15, loosening the fastening bolt 3 and the positioning bolt 4, sliding the angle measuring plate 2 to make the 0-degree angle of the angle measuring plate 2 align with the actual puncture point of the head of the patient, then screwing the fastening bolt 3 to fix the angle measuring plate 2, then reading the angle reading consistent with the included angle of the puncture direction on the angle measuring plate 2, moving the positioning bolt 4 to the drainage tube positioning groove 41 which is positioned on the extension line of the angle reading and fixing, then, the drainage tube positioning groove 41 is rotated until the opening direction thereof is consistent with the extension line direction of the angle reading, at this time, the extending direction of the groove opening direction of the drainage tube positioning groove 41 is the actual puncture direction, and in addition, the accuracy of the puncture angle can be judged in an auxiliary manner through the first scale 16 and the seventh scale 171.
Step S5: and (3) carrying out standard plane CT (computed tomography) review to determine whether the mark point is correct and whether the groove opening direction of the drainage tube positioning groove 41 is consistent with the path and the arriving position of the drainage tube 5 to be actually operated, if not, adjusting to be consistent to actually operate, and most of the operations can be actually successful at one time. And finally determining the reading of the angle scale after the review.
Step S6: adopt three-dimensional accurate locator punctures: vertically and fittingly covering the arc-shaped groove 11 on the right lower part of the marker line of the brain puncture level of the patient, namely, enabling the arc-shaped groove 11 to be in contact with the marker line of the puncture level and expose the marker line of the puncture level, exposing the actual puncture point to be beneficial to puncture by the puncture needle, then, rotating the first fixing screw 14 and the second fixing screw 15 to ensure that the fixing gasket 141 is just fittingly fixed on the scalp which is close to the corresponding marker point of the maximum hematoma level on the upper part of the external auditory meatus on two sides of the patient, at the moment, loosening the fastening bolt 3 and the positioning bolt 4, sliding the angle measuring plate 2 to ensure that the 0-degree angle of the angle measuring plate 2 is aligned with the actual puncture point of the head of the patient, then screwing the fastening bolt 3, and then moving the positioning bolt 4 to ensure that the drainage tube positioning groove 41 is positioned on the, then the drainage tube positioning groove 41 is rotated to lead the opening direction of the groove to be consistent with the extension line direction of the puncture angle, and finally the drainage tube 5 passes through the drainage tube fixing groove 41 to extend to the actual puncture point of the scalp of the patient and then enters the brain of the patient.
When carrying out the puncture of other approaches, the utility model discloses an intracranial hematoma minimal access puncture art is with three-dimensional accurate locator's application method is the same basically, carries out according to the puncture condition when using the regulation of scute 2 can, for saving the space, just not describe in different here.
In the present invention, the fastening bolt 3 and the positioning bolt 4 are provided with structures, methods of use and modes of action in the prior art, which are not repeated herein.
It can be understood that, in another embodiment of the present invention, the middle sliding groove 17, the left sliding groove 18, the right sliding groove 19 and the mounting sliding groove 23 may be composed of two or more parallel grooves, as long as the distance between the two grooves is equal to that of the fastening bolt 3.
To sum up, the utility model discloses an intracranial hematoma is accurate locator of three-dimensional for minimal access surgery not only simple structure, use in a flexible way, location accuracy, very big improvement the success rate of puncture, be applicable to the intracranial hematoma puncture at any position moreover, the practicality is strong.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an intracranial hematoma wicresoft puncture is with accurate locator of solid which characterized in that: the angle measuring plate comprises a fixed panel and an angle measuring plate detachably fixed on the fixed panel, wherein the bottom of the fixed panel is provided with an arc-shaped groove which is concave towards the top, and the arc-shaped groove is communicated with the bottom edge of the fixed panel; the bottom edges of the fixed panel, which are positioned at two sides of the arc-shaped groove, are respectively connected with a first fixed nut and a second fixed nut, the perforation directions of the first fixed nut and the second fixed nut are parallel to the bottom edge of the fixed panel, the first fixed nut is in threaded connection with a first fixed screw, and the second fixed nut is in threaded connection with a second fixed screw;
the top edge of the fixed panel is provided with a first scale, the first scale is arranged along the length direction of the fixed panel, and the fixed panel is also provided with a left sliding groove, a middle sliding groove and a right sliding groove; the middle sliding groove is positioned in the middle of the fixed panel and is parallel to the top edge of the fixed panel, the 0 scale of the first scale, the middle point of the top edge of the fixed panel, the middle point of the middle sliding groove and the highest point of the arc-shaped groove are positioned on the same horizontal line and are perpendicular to the top edge of the fixed panel, the left sliding groove is arranged on the left side edge of the arc-shaped groove of the fixed panel and forms a 45-degree included angle with the top edge of the fixed panel, and the right sliding groove and the left sliding groove are in central axis symmetry;
the top edge of the angle measuring plate is provided with angle scales, the 0-degree angle of the angle scales is overlapped with the midpoint of the top edge of the angle measuring plate, the angle measuring plate is installed on the outer side surface of the fixed panel in a fitting mode through a fastening bolt and a positioning bolt, and the angle measuring plate can be stressed to move along the left sliding groove, the middle sliding groove or the right sliding groove when the fastening bolt and the positioning bolt are in a loosening state.
2. The precise three-dimensional positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fixed panel is also provided with a second scale and a third scale which are symmetrical to each other in a central axis, the second scale is positioned right above the left sliding groove and is parallel to the left sliding groove, and the distance between the second scale and the left sliding groove is equal to the distance between the first scale and the middle sliding groove; the 0 scale of the second scale and the midpoint of the left sliding groove are positioned on the same horizontal line and form an included angle of 45 degrees with the top edge of the fixed panel; meanwhile, the intersection point of the connecting line of the second scale 0 and the midpoint of the left sliding groove and the arc groove is positioned on the midpoint line of the arc height of the arc groove, and the midpoint line is parallel to the top edge of the fixed panel.
3. The precise three-dimensional positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the angle measuring plate is also sequentially provided with a scale display groove, a mounting sliding groove, a fourth scale and a fifth scale from top to bottom, the scale display groove, the mounting sliding groove, the fourth scale and the fifth scale are parallel to each other, the fourth scale is arranged along the length direction of the bottom edge of the mounting sliding groove, the fifth scale is arranged along the length direction of the bottom edge of the angle measuring plate, and the 0-degree angle of the angle scale, the midpoint of the scale display groove, the midpoint of the mounting sliding groove, the 0-scale of the fourth scale and the 0-scale of the fifth scale are positioned on the same horizontal line and are perpendicular to the bottom edge of the angle measuring plate; the distance between the first scale and the middle sliding groove is equal to the distance between the scale display groove and the mounting sliding groove, and the distance between the mounting sliding groove and the bottom edge of the angle measuring plate is equal to the distance between the left sliding groove and the arc-shaped groove.
4. The precise three-dimensional positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the head end of the positioning bolt is rotatably connected with a drainage tube positioning groove.
5. The precise three-dimensional positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the end parts of the first fixing screw rod and the second fixing screw rod, which are positioned in the arc-shaped groove, are both connected with fixing gaskets.
6. The precise three-dimensional positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture according to claim 2, wherein: the fixed panel is close to the edge of the arc-shaped groove and is further provided with a sixth scale, a seventh scale and an eighth scale, the sixth scale, the seventh scale and the eighth scale are parallel to the corresponding second scale, the first scale and the third scale, the 0 scale of the sixth scale, the 0 scale of the second scale and the midpoint of the left sliding groove are located on the same horizontal line and are perpendicular to the left sliding groove, the 0 scale of the seventh scale, the 0 scale of the first scale and the midpoint of the middle sliding groove are located on the same horizontal line and are perpendicular to the top edge of the fixed panel, and the 0 scale of the eighth scale, the 0 scale of the third scale and the midpoint of the right sliding groove are located on the same horizontal line and are perpendicular to the right sliding groove.
7. The precise three-dimensional positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the corners of the fixed panel are arc-shaped.
8. The precise three-dimensional positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the number of the first fixing nuts and the number of the second fixing nuts are at least two.
9. The precise three-dimensional positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fixed panel and the angle measuring plate are both made of stainless steel.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110575238A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-17 | 右江民族医学院附属医院 | Three-dimensional accurate positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110575238A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-17 | 右江民族医学院附属医院 | Three-dimensional accurate positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture |
| CN110575238B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2024-06-18 | 右江民族医学院附属医院 | Three-dimensional accurate positioner for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive puncture |
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