CN210983051U

CN210983051U - Electric automobile regenerative braking energy recovery simulation experiment device

Info

Publication number: CN210983051U
Application number: CN201821372597.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 窦建明; 雒佛庶; 董海燕
Original assignee: Lanzhou Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Lanzhou Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2018-08-21
Filing date: 2018-08-21
Publication date: 2020-07-10
Anticipated expiration: 2028-08-21

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electric automobile regenerative braking energy recovery simulation experiment device, it includes rack, loading mechanism and energy repayment mechanism. The rack comprises a rack, a motor base and a bearing base; the loading mechanism comprises a loading motor, a coupling, a transmission shaft, a support ball bearing and a left half part of an electromagnetic clutch; the energy feedback mechanism comprises a generator, a coupler, a flywheel shaft, a support ball bearing, a flywheel and the right half part of an electromagnetic clutch. The device adopts a split design idea, two motors with the same type are used for respectively realizing the functions of driving loading and energy conversion during the regenerative braking of the motors, and the proportion of a vehicle body is reduced and all functional elements are matched on the premise of ensuring the unchanged basic performance according to the similarity principle, so that the test verification of the regenerative braking control strategy is simpler and easier, the volume and the weight are effectively reduced, the manufacturing and using cost is reduced, and the device is particularly suitable for the early development of the regenerative braking control strategy of the motors of the electric vehicles.

Description

Electric automobile regenerative braking energy recovery simulation experiment device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an electric automobile regenerative braking's technical field specifically is an electric automobile regenerative braking energy recovery simulation experiment device.

Background

The regenerative braking of the electric automobile utilizes the reversibility principle of the motor, and when the electric automobile is braked, the motor works in a generator mode to convert mechanical energy into electric energy and increase the driving range. The regenerative braking of the electric automobile is influenced by a plurality of factors such as speed, battery SOC, temperature and the like, a reasonable braking control strategy is crucial to the improvement of energy recovery efficiency, the control strategy needs to be verified and optimized in a test, the test cost of a real automobile is high, and the flexibility is poor, so that a single-shaft or two-shaft test bed is basically built by the conventional regenerative braking energy recovery test device for the electric automobile according to the actual proportion, the test bed comprises a motor with the specification of the real automobile, a flywheel for equivalent inertia, a storage battery, a dynamometer, a coupler, a control system and the like, and the arrangement form of the test bed can be divided into a single-shaft. The test bed can feed back and store energy, can verify the energy recovery efficiency of the energy recovery control strategy designed under different working conditions, and has high test reliability, but large volume, poor flexibility and higher manufacturing and test cost.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome current electric automobile regenerative braking energy recovery test bench bulky, the flexibility is poor, it is all higher not enough with testing cost to make, the utility model provides an electric automobile regenerative braking energy recovery simulation experiment device, the device is according to the similarity principle, reduce the car weight and match the motor according to certain proportion, the flywheel, battery and control system, select drive mechanism and rack that easily dismantle and change for the device can assemble different grade type motor and carry out braking control strategy verification test, has strengthened experimental flexibility, has reduced volume and weight, manufacturing and testing cost have been reduced.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is:

a regenerative braking energy recovery simulation experiment device for an electric vehicle comprises a rack, a loading mechanism and an energy feedback mechanism. The device can simulate a braking energy recovery test of a 1/4 vehicle body with 1/2 vehicle bodies or hub motors as power sources, wherein a single motor is used as the power source, the braking energy recovery test of the 1/4 vehicle bodies is used as the power source, the actual load weight of 1/2 vehicle bodies or 1/4 vehicle bodies is reduced by a certain proportion according to the similarity principle, then the mass of a flywheel used for simulating the rotational inertia of the vehicle bodies is calculated, the model of the motor is configured according to the performance requirements of the vehicle, two motors with the same model are used, one motor model is used for simulating the motor mode, the running conditions (acceleration, deceleration and parking) of the vehicle are loaded, the other motor model simulates the generator; and the control system sends a driving instruction to the loading motor according to a regenerative braking control strategy and outputs a storage battery charging/discharging instruction to the generator. The light section bar rack is selected, and the power transmission mechanism, the connecting part and the fixing part are standard parts. According to the similarity principle, the scale is reduced on the premise of ensuring the basic performance to be unchanged, and the volume and the weight are favorably reduced; the section bar and the standard part are selected, so that the device is easy to disassemble, assemble and replace, and the use flexibility of the device is improved; the split design concept is adopted, and the two motors are used for respectively realizing the functions of driving loading and energy conversion during the regenerative braking of the motors, so that the test verification of the regenerative braking control strategy is simpler and easier. The measures are beneficial to reducing the manufacturing and using cost of the device, and are particularly suitable for the early development of the motor brake control strategy.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the device is designed and manufactured in a matching way after the proportion is reduced according to the similarity principle, and has the advantages of small volume, light weight and small manufacture; secondly, the device selects a transmission mechanism and a rack which are easy to detach and replace, so that the device can be assembled with different types of motors to perform a brake control strategy verification test, and the test flexibility is higher; and thirdly, the device adopts a split design idea, and two motors with the same model respectively simulate two working modes of the motor of the electric automobile, namely a motor mode and a generator mode, so that the loading and the control are simpler and easier, and the device is particularly suitable for the early development of a motor brake control strategy.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention

FIG. 2 is a working schematic diagram of the present invention

In the figure: the device comprises a frame 1, angle irons 2, a loading motor 3, a motor support 4, a coupler 5, a transmission shaft 6, a support ball bearing 7, an electromagnetic clutch 8, a flywheel 9, a support ball bearing 10, a flywheel shaft 11, a coupler 12, a generator 13, a motor support 14, a motor base 15, a bearing base 16, a sleeve 17, M10 screws 18, a bearing base 19, a motor base 20, M8 screws 21 and M8 screws 22.

Detailed Description

The structure and the advantageous effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to fig. 1-2.

A simulation experiment device for recycling regenerative braking energy of an electric automobile comprises a rack, a loading mechanism and an energy feedback mechanism, wherein the device can simulate a 1/4 automobile body braking energy recycling test with a 1/2 automobile body or a hub motor as a power source, wherein a single motor is used as the power source, the actual load weight of a 1/2 automobile body or a 1/4 automobile body is reduced by a certain proportion according to the similarity principle, then the flywheel mass for simulating the rotational inertia of the automobile body is calculated, the motor model of the device is matched according to the requirement of the vehicle performance, two motors with the same model and a simulation motor mode are used for loading the driving working conditions (acceleration, deceleration and parking) of the automobile, the generator mode of the motor during the simulation regenerative braking is used for converting mechanical energy into electric energy, the light flywheel rack is selected, the power transmission mechanism and the connecting and the fixing piece are all standard parts, a full-load 3000kg electric automobile is taken as an example, the electric automobile is simplified into 1/2 according to the proportion, the mass is calculated to be 3kg according to the similarity principle, the two 24V120W r/min motors are matched, a controller adopts STC15W4K56S 63, a single chip microcomputer is adopted, the fixing piece is designed, the weight of the automobile body is not more than that the weight of the rack, the aluminum alloy is less than the corresponding control circuit, the weight of the rack.

As shown in fig. 1, the gantry comprises a frame 1,

motor bases

15 and 20, and

bearing bases

16 and 19, each of which is positioned by an angle iron 2 and fixedly coupled to the frame 1 by an M8 screw 22.

The loading mechanism comprises a loading motor 3, a coupler 5, a transmission shaft 6, a support ball bearing 7 and a left half part of an electromagnetic clutch 8.

The energy feedback mechanism comprises a generator 13, a coupler 12, a flywheel shaft 11, a support ball bearing 10, a flywheel 9 and the right half part of an electromagnetic clutch 8.

The loading motor 3 and the generator 13 are respectively connected with the

motor bases

20 and 15 through the motor supports 4 and 14 through M8 screws 22, and the support ball bearings 7 and 10 are respectively connected with the

bearing bases

19 and 16 through M10 screws 18.

The flywheel 9 and the flywheel shaft 11 are axially positioned by flat keys, and the support ball bearing 7, the clutch 8, the flywheel 9 and the support ball bearing 10 are axially positioned by 3 sleeves 17 respectively.

As shown in fig. 2, the control system is divided into a loading control system and an energy feedback control system, wherein the loading control system is composed of a controller, a motor driving module, a loading motor 3 and a rotation speed sensor; the energy feedback control system is composed of a controller, a generator 13, a DC/DC converter, a storage battery and a charging current and voltage sensor. According to the requirements of a regenerative braking control strategy, the loading mechanism executes the instructions of the controller to simulate the running conditions of the vehicle, including the primary braking condition and the road circulation condition. When the primary braking is in a working condition, the driving motor 3 is accelerated to a set rotating speed, the electromagnetic clutch 8 is instantly disconnected from a closed state, the flywheel 9 and the flywheel shaft 11 drive the generator 13 to rotate under the action of inertia until the generator stops, and the energy feedback system recovers energy in the primary braking process and stores the energy in the storage battery; when the road is in a circulating working condition, the electromagnetic clutch 8 is closed, the generator 13 executes the road circulating working condition along with the driving motor 3 through the transmission system, and the energy feedback system recovers the energy in the whole process and stores the energy in the storage battery; the charging current, charging voltage and generator speed of the entire process are recorded and displayed on the liquid crystal display.

The controller is divided into a motor driving control unit, an energy feedback control unit and a main control unit according to the realizable functions; the system comprises a main control unit, an energy feedback control unit and a DC/DC converter, wherein the main control unit is used for inputting charging current and charging voltage into the main control unit respectively according to a regenerative braking control strategy loading program, and outputting a PWM signal to control the on/off of the DC/DC converter to charge/discharge a storage battery according to the current and voltage and a battery SOC obtained by calculation; the main control unit sends an on/off instruction to the electromagnetic clutch according to a regenerative braking control strategy, meanwhile, the driving control unit outputs PWM (pulse width modulation) signals for control, the motor driving module controls the rotating speed and the forward/reverse rotation of the motor, and the rotating speed sensor inputs the rotating speed of the loading motor into the main control unit to realize closed-loop speed regulation control; the liquid crystal display displays the motor speed, the charging current and the battery terminal voltage in real time.

It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A simulation experiment device for regenerative braking energy recovery of an electric automobile comprises four parts, namely a rack, a loading mechanism, an energy feedback mechanism, a control system and a display, and is characterized in that two motors with the same type are used for respectively simulating two working modes of a driving motor of the electric automobile, namely a motor mode and a generator mode;

the rack comprises a rack (1), a first motor base (15), a second motor base (20), a first bearing base (16) and a second bearing base (19), wherein each base is positioned through an angle iron (2) and is fixedly connected to the rack (1) through an M8 screw (22);

the loading mechanism comprises a loading motor (3), a coupler (5), a transmission shaft (6), a support ball bearing (7) and the left half part of an electromagnetic clutch (8);

the energy feedback mechanism comprises a generator (13), a coupler (12), a flywheel shaft (11), a support ball bearing (10), a flywheel (9) and the right half part of an electromagnetic clutch (8);

the control system comprises a loading control system and an energy feedback control system, wherein the loading control system consists of a controller, a motor driving module, a loading motor (3) and a rotating speed sensor, and the energy feedback control system consists of a controller, a generator (13), a DC/DC converter, a storage battery and a charging current and voltage sensor.

2. The regenerative braking energy recovery simulation experiment device of the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the loading motor (3) and the generator (13) are respectively coupled with the motor base through a motor support via an M8 screw (22), and the support ball bearings are respectively coupled with the bearing base via an M10 screw (18);

the flywheel (9) and the flywheel shaft (11) are axially positioned by flat keys, and the support ball bearing (7), the clutch (8), the flywheel (9) and the support ball bearing (10) are axially positioned by 3 sleeves (17) respectively.