CN210981567U - Metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism for in-situ monitoring and mechanical performance improvement - Google Patents
Metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism for in-situ monitoring and mechanical performance improvement Download PDFInfo
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- CN210981567U CN210981567U CN201922466724.6U CN201922466724U CN210981567U CN 210981567 U CN210981567 U CN 210981567U CN 201922466724 U CN201922466724 U CN 201922466724U CN 210981567 U CN210981567 U CN 210981567U
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a metal vibration material disk extrusion mechanism for normal position monitoring and promotion mechanical properties belongs to metal vibration material disk and makes technical field. The wire feeding device comprises a wire conveying unit, a composite cavity unit, a high-temperature loading unit, a temperature detection unit, a pressure loading unit, a pressure detection unit and an in-situ monitoring unit. Multistage high-temperature loading is realized through silicon nitride heater assemblies distributed in the piston, the outer wall of the cavity and the nozzle, and service temperature detection is realized through the thermocouple assemblies. The continuous pressure loading of the wire conveying mechanism and the high-frequency pressure loading of the piston mechanism and the four-bar mechanism are utilized to realize multi-stage pressurization, and then service pressure detection is realized through the strain gauge assemblies on the top of the piston and the inner wall of the cavity. The method can monitor the formation and growth processes of the metal crystal grains in real time, can be combined with an optical microscope to observe the surface appearance characteristics and the changes of the metal in real time, and can provide effective basis for improving the mechanical properties of the metal material in the high-temperature forming process.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an instrument and meter field, in particular to material micromechanics performance normal position test system indicates a metal vibration material disk extrusion mechanism that is used for normal position monitoring and promotes mechanical properties of integrated high resolution optical imaging and synchrotron radiation analysis function especially. The system can perform high-temperature loading and pressure loading on the material in the metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism cavity to improve the mechanical property of a metal finished product, perform temperature detection and pressure detection on the material, and establish the correlation between the material microstructure evolution behavior and the temperature and pressure parameters through simultaneous representation of optical imaging and synchrotron radiation analysis, thereby providing reliable equipment for deep understanding of the control of the mechanical property and the physical field parameters of the metal material.
Background
The 3D printing is also called Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology, which is a rapid prototyping technology, and forms a desired solid model by layering a digital model and continuously superimposing materials with the aid of digital Manufacturing equipment similar to a printer. Under the large background of "china manufacturing 2025", how to improve self-strength and stand on the world of "smart manufacturing" in the face of intense market competition environment is one of the hot topics of research in the 3D printing industry at present. Domestic 3D printing develops slowly in the past 20 years, and the following 3 bottlenecks exist technically: (1) the kinds and properties of materials are limited, and there are many problems in the field of manufacturing using metallic materials in particular. (2) The efficiency of manufacturing the molding needs to be further improved. (3) There is a strong need for improvements in the size, accuracy and stability of the process.
With the wide integration and expansion application of the scanning electron microscopic imaging technology, the X-ray crystal diffraction technology, the synchrotron radiation characterization technology, the optical microscopic imaging technology and the like in the field of material micromechanical performance testing, the in-situ mechanical testing technology based on synchronous monitoring of various characterization means has more and more prominent effect in the research of micromechanical behaviors and deformation damage mechanisms of structural materials and functional materials. For example, the surface appearance and the internal three-dimensional micro-area structure of the material can be intuitively obtained by adopting the synchronous characterization of an optical microscopic imaging technology and a micro-CT technology.
In conclusion, the metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism which can be integrated in the in-situ test of the material micro-mechanical property needs to expand the general integration with various characterization observation technologies, so that the dual synchronous characterization of the surface appearance and the internal structure of the material in the composite cavity under the action of multiple physical fields is realized, and the accurate evaluation of the material micro-tissue structure evolution and the failure mechanism is facilitated. In combination with the urgent need for improving the mechanical properties of metal materials in the additive manufacturing finished products, it is necessary to develop a metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism integrating optical microscopic imaging and simultaneous radiation characterization of surface morphology/three-dimensional structure and monitoring.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a metal vibration material disk extrusion mechanism for normal position monitoring and promotion mechanical properties, the current situation that metal vibration material disk finished product mechanical properties were waited to promote urgently has been solved, possess the in-situ monitoring function in the metal component manufacturing process, when realizing with crystalline grain nucleation process real-time representation, through adjusting many physical field parameters, integrated pressure control unit, the temperature control unit, combine to detect the control unit and corresponding servo control strategy, the realization is regulated and control the shaping of material intensity. Through integrated optical microscopic imaging function and synchrotron radiation characterization function, rely on the utility model discloses a metal vibration material disk extrusion mechanism who realizes can construct the normal position mechanical test of being surveyed semi-solid metal surface appearance and inside three-dimensional structure synchronous monitoring. Meanwhile, three groups of ceramic heaters and thermocouples are integrated on the outer wall of the cavity, three groups of strain gauges are integrated on the inner wall of the cavity, and a crank rocker mechanism and a micro thermocouple, a micro ceramic heater and a micro strain gauge in a piston of the crank rocker mechanism are integrated, so that the improvement of the mechanical property of the metal material in the cavity under the action of multiple physical fields can be realized. The length, width and height of the mechanical main body unit of the utility model are respectively 36mm, 23 mm and 44 mm.
The above object of the utility model is realized through following technical scheme:
the metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism for in-situ monitoring and mechanical property improvement comprises a wire conveying unit, a composite cavity unit, a high-temperature loading unit, a temperature detection unit, a pressure loading unit, a pressure detection unit and an in-situ monitoring unit; the composite cavity unit is respectively and rigidly connected with the piston 4 of the pressure loading unit and the heating body 6 of the high-temperature loading unit through the cavity 5, the strain gauge 22 and the nozzle 8 of the composite cavity unit; the ceramic heater 7 and the micro ceramic heater 24 in the high-temperature loading unit are respectively embedded in the heating body 6 and the piston 4; a thermocouple 13 and a micro thermocouple 21 in the temperature detection unit are respectively embedded in the heating body 6 and the piston 4; the wire 1 in the pressure loading unit is in interference fit with the inner wall of the piston 4 to form first-stage pressure loading; the piston 4, the rocker 15 and the crank 17 are respectively connected through a first hinge 14 and a second hinge 16; a strain gauge 22 and a micro strain gauge 23 in the pressure detection unit are respectively embedded in the inner wall of the cavity 5 and the top end of the piston 4; the substrate 9 has a three-degree-of-freedom motion control system that moves relative to the metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism.
The wire conveying unit comprises a wire 1, a first driving motor 2, a first feeding roller 3 and a second feeding roller 20, wherein the first driving motor 2 provides power for the servo motor; the outer surfaces of the first feeding roller 3 and the second feeding roller 20 are provided with texture structures, and the side surface of the second feeding roller 20 is provided with a spring mechanism;
the composite cavity unit comprises a cavity 5, a heating body 6, a strain gauge 22 and a spray head 8, wherein the upper end of the inner wall of the cavity 5 is provided with an annular groove structure, and the upper end of the inner wall of the cavity 5 can be tightly attached to a piston 4 in a pressure loading unit through an annular sealing gasket, so that the sealing protection at the high-temperature loading unit and the pressure loading unit is realized;
the high-temperature loading unit comprises a ceramic heater 7 and a micro ceramic heater 24, the micro ceramic heater 24 is in interference fit with the hole wall of the piston 4 in the pressure loading unit, the ceramic heater 7 is in interference fit with the hole outside the heating body 6, and the three groups of ceramic heaters 7 are uniformly distributed in a surrounding mode;
the temperature detection unit comprises thermocouples 13 and micro thermocouples 21, the micro thermocouples 21 are in interference fit with the hole walls of the pistons 4 in the pressure loading unit, the thermocouples 13 are in interference fit with the holes outside the heating body 6, and the three groups of thermocouples 13 are uniformly distributed in a surrounding manner;
the pressure loading unit comprises a piston 4, a rocker 15, a crank 17, a first hinge 14, a second hinge 16, a second driving motor 18, wires 1, a first feeding roller 3 and a first driving motor 2, the upper end of the inner wall of the cavity 5 is provided with an annular groove structure, and the annular sealing gasket can be tightly attached to the piston 4 in the pressure loading unit to realize sealing protection at the pressure loading unit; the inner wall of the piston 4 is also provided with an annular groove structure, and the annular sealing gasket can be tightly attached to the wire 1 in the pressure loading unit, so that the sealing protection at the pressure loading unit is realized, and the gas is prevented from entering the cavity 5 in the composite cavity unit;
the pressure detection unit comprises a strain gauge 22 and a micro strain gauge 23, the micro strain gauge 23 is in interference fit with a hole at the top end of the piston 4 in the pressure loading unit, the strain gauge 22 is in interference fit with a hole on the inner wall of the cavity 5, and the three groups of strain gauges 22 are uniformly distributed in a surrounding mode;
the in-situ monitoring unit comprises an in-situ imaging instrument 12, a nozzle 8, a quartz observation window 10 and an optical imaging component, wherein the nozzle 8 is made of thin-wall aluminum plates and internally shunted, the optical imaging component monitors the surface tissue morphology of the detected semi-solid metal in real time through the quartz observation window 10, and the in-situ imaging instrument 12 receives a synchrotron radiation light source 11 penetrating through the nozzle 8 and the thin-wall aluminum plates and analyzes the crystal diffraction information and the three-dimensional structure characteristics of the detected semi-solid metal.
Three groups of ceramic heaters 7 and thermocouples 13 in the high-temperature loading unit and the temperature detection unit are uniformly distributed in a surrounding manner to form second-stage high-temperature loading; the wire materials 1 are uniformly and fully heated in the cavity 5 by the surrounding uniform distribution; the micro ceramic heater 24 and the micro thermocouple 21 embedded inside the piston 4 form a first stage of heating, which serves as a preheating function during the passage of the wire 1 through the piston 4.
The in-situ monitoring unit can realize simultaneous representation of the synchronous radiation of the optical surface appearance and the three-dimensional characteristic structure of the semi-solid metal to be detected; the optical imaging component observes the optical surface morphology of the semi-solid metal in real time through a quartz observation window 10 embedded on the side of the spray head 8, and a front objective of the optical imaging component has a continuous zooming function, so that the morphology of the measured semi-solid metal is monitored by adopting a sinking type optical imaging design; meanwhile, a thin-wall aluminum plate with the radius of 100 microns and the thickness of 100 microns is arranged at the center of the spray head 8, and a synchrotron radiation light source can penetrate through the center of the thin-wall aluminum plate to the in-situ imaging instrument 12, so that the measured semi-solid metal is subjected to crystal diffraction characterization.
The wire 1 in the pressure loading unit and the pressure detection unit provides first-stage pressure loading by virtue of the power of a wire conveying unit consisting of a first driving motor 2, a first feeding roller 3 and a second feeding roller 20, and a crank-rocker mechanism consisting of a piston 4, a rocker 15, a crank 17, a first hinge 14, a second hinge 16 and a second driving motor 18 provides second-stage pressure loading, wherein the second driving motor 18 is a servo motor and is matched with a four-bar mechanism to provide high-frequency, high-precision and high-stability closed-loop control pressure for the composite cavity unit; the micro strain gauges 23 are embedded at the top of the piston 4, and the three groups of strain gauges 22 are uniformly embedded on the inner wall of the cavity 5 in a surrounding mode, so that omnibearing pressure detection is provided for a molten pool system, and real-time feedback is formed.
The cavity 5 and the heating body 6 are made of copper materials; control wires of the first driving motor 2, the ceramic heater 7, the thermocouple 13, the second driving motor 18, the micro ceramic heater 24 and the micro thermocouple 21 are connected to the numerical control system 19 for integrated control.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the structure is compact, and the main body size is 36mm, 23 mm and 44 mm. Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses can realize the multistage loading of equipartition high temperature of half solid state metal, the multistage loading of constant pressure and high frequency pressure aims at realizing the off-the-shelf accuse type accuse nature of metal vibration material disk through the regulation and control of many physical field parameters. Meanwhile, the utility model discloses with optical imaging technique, synchrotron radiation characterization technique, temperature detection technique and pressure detection technique integration in metal vibration material disk manufacturing extrusion mechanism, can realize just can acquire real-time cavity temperature parameter and pressure parameter to the synchronous high resolution characterization of surveyed semi-solid metal surface morphology and inside three-dimensional structure to this forms real-time effectual feedback and acts on high temperature loading and pressure loading, acquires the metal vibration material disk finished product of high mechanical properties.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate example embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limitation.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall appearance structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the metal showerhead assembly of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. wire material; 2. a first driving motor; 3. feeding rollers I; 4. a piston; 5. a cavity; 6. a heating body; 7. a ceramic heater; 8. a spray head; 9. a substrate; 10. a quartz observation window; 11. a synchrotron radiation light source; 12. an in-situ imaging instrument; 13. a thermocouple; 14. a first hinge; 15. a rocker; 16. a second hinge; 17. a crank; 18. a second driving motor; 19. a numerical control system; 20. a feeding roller II; 21. a miniature thermocouple; 22. a strain gauge; 23. a micro strain gauge; 24. a micro ceramic heater.
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention and its embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the utility model discloses a metal vibration material disk extrusion mechanism for normal position monitoring and promotion mechanical properties realizes multistage high temperature loading through distributing at inside, the cavity outer wall of piston and the inside silicon nitride heater module of nozzle, realizes the temperature detection of being in service through thermocouple assembly simultaneously. The continuous pressure loading of the wire conveying mechanism and the high-frequency pressure loading of the piston mechanism and the four-bar mechanism are utilized to realize multi-stage pressurization, and then service pressure detection is realized through the strain gauge assemblies on the top of the piston and the inner wall of the cavity. The formation and growth process of metal grains can be monitored in real time by applying an XRD imaging technology through a flat metal head made of a thin aluminum plate material and shunting the metal melt inside. And the quartz window positioned at the side branch of the metal nozzle can be combined with an optical microscope to observe the surface appearance characteristics and the change of the metal surface in real time. The real-time feedback of the in-situ monitoring can provide an effective basis for improving the mechanical property of the metal material in the high-temperature forming process.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism for in-situ monitoring and mechanical performance improvement of the present invention comprises a wire material conveying unit, a composite cavity unit, a high temperature loading unit, a temperature detecting unit, a pressure loading unit, a pressure detecting unit and an in-situ monitoring unit, wherein the wire material conveying unit is composed of a first feeding roller 3, a first driving motor 2 and a second feeding roller 20; the composite cavity unit is respectively and rigidly connected with the piston 4 of the pressure loading unit and the heating body 6 of the high-temperature loading unit through the cavity 5, the strain gauge 22 and the nozzle 8 of the composite cavity unit; the ceramic heater 7 and the micro ceramic heater 24 in the high-temperature loading unit are respectively embedded in the heating body 6 and the piston 4; a thermocouple 13 and a micro thermocouple 21 in the temperature detection unit are respectively embedded in the heating body 6 and the piston 4; the wire 1 in the pressure loading unit is in interference fit with the inner wall of the piston 4 to form first-stage pressure loading; the piston 4, the rocker 15 and the crank 17 are respectively connected through a first hinge 14 and a second hinge 16; a strain gauge 22 and a micro strain gauge 23 in the pressure detection unit are respectively embedded in the inner wall of the cavity 5 and the top end of the piston 4; the substrate 9 has a three-degree-of-freedom motion control system that moves relative to the metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism.
The wire conveying unit comprises a wire 1, a first driving motor 2, a first feeding roller 3 and a second feeding roller 20, wherein the first driving motor 2 provides high-precision and high-stability power for closed-loop control of the servo motor. The outer surfaces of the first feeding roller 3 and the second feeding roller 20 are provided with texture structures to improve the friction force of the first feeding roller 3 and the second feeding roller 20, and the side surface of the second feeding roller 20 is provided with a spring mechanism to enhance the friction force of the second feeding roller;
the composite cavity unit comprises a cavity 5, a heating body 6, a strain gauge 22 and a spray head 8, wherein the upper end of the inner wall of the cavity 5 is provided with an annular groove structure, and the upper end of the inner wall of the cavity 5 can be tightly attached to a piston 4 in a pressure loading unit through an annular sealing gasket, so that the sealing protection at the high-temperature loading unit and the pressure loading unit is realized;
the high-temperature loading unit comprises a ceramic heater 7 and a micro ceramic heater 24, the micro ceramic heater 24 is in interference fit with the hole wall of the piston 4 in the pressure loading unit, the ceramic heater 7 is in interference fit with the hole outside the heating body 6, and the three groups of ceramic heaters 7 are uniformly distributed in a surrounding mode;
the temperature detection unit comprises thermocouples 13 and micro thermocouples 21, the micro thermocouples 21 are in interference fit with the hole walls of the pistons 4 in the pressure loading unit, the thermocouples 13 are in interference fit with the holes outside the heating body 6, and the three groups of thermocouples 13 are uniformly distributed in a surrounding manner;
the pressure loading unit comprises a piston 4, a rocker 15, a crank 17, a first hinge 14, a second hinge 16, a second driving motor 18, wires 1, a first feeding roller 3 and a first driving motor 2, the upper end of the inner wall of the cavity 5 is provided with an annular groove structure, and the annular sealing gasket can be tightly attached to the piston 4 in the pressure loading unit to realize sealing protection at the pressure loading unit; the inner wall of the piston 4 is also provided with an annular groove structure, and the annular sealing gasket can be tightly attached to the wire 1 in the pressure loading unit, so that the sealing protection at the pressure loading unit is realized, and the gas is prevented from entering the cavity 5 in the composite cavity unit;
the pressure detection unit comprises a strain gauge 22 and a micro strain gauge 23, the micro strain gauge 23 is in interference fit with a hole at the top end of the piston 4 in the pressure loading unit, the strain gauge 22 is in interference fit with a hole on the inner wall of the cavity 5, and the three groups of strain gauges 22 are uniformly distributed in a surrounding mode;
the in-situ monitoring unit comprises an in-situ imaging instrument 12, a nozzle 8, a quartz observation window 10 and an optical imaging component, wherein the nozzle 8 is made of thin-wall aluminum plates and internally shunted, the optical imaging component monitors the surface tissue morphology of the detected semi-solid metal in real time through the quartz observation window 10, and the in-situ imaging instrument 12 receives a synchrotron radiation light source 11 penetrating through the nozzle 8 and the thin-wall aluminum plates and analyzes the crystal diffraction information and the three-dimensional structure characteristics of the detected semi-solid metal.
Three groups of ceramic heaters 7 and thermocouples 13 in the high-temperature loading unit and the temperature detection unit are uniformly distributed in a surrounding manner to form second-stage high-temperature loading; the wire materials 1 are uniformly and fully heated in the cavity 5 by the surrounding uniform distribution; the micro ceramic heater 24 and the micro thermocouple 21 embedded inside the piston 4 form a first stage of heating, which serves as a preheating function during the passage of the wire 1 through the piston 4.
The in-situ monitoring unit can realize simultaneous representation of the synchronous radiation of the optical surface appearance and the three-dimensional characteristic structure of the semi-solid metal to be detected; the optical imaging component observes the optical surface morphology of the semi-solid metal in real time through a quartz observation window 10 embedded on the side of the spray head 8, and a front objective of the optical imaging component has a continuous zooming function, so that the morphology of the measured semi-solid metal is monitored by adopting a sinking type optical imaging design; meanwhile, a thin-wall aluminum plate with the radius of 100 microns and the thickness of 100 microns is arranged at the center of the spray head 8, and a synchrotron radiation light source can penetrate through the center of the thin-wall aluminum plate to the in-situ imaging instrument 12, so that the measured semi-solid metal is subjected to crystal diffraction characterization.
The wire 1 in the pressure loading unit and the pressure detection unit is loaded with first-stage pressure by the power of a wire conveying unit consisting of a first driving motor 2, a first feeding roller 3 and a second feeding roller 20, wherein the first driving motor 2 is a servo motor and aims to provide high-precision and high-stability closed-loop control pressure. A crank-rocker mechanism consisting of the piston 4, the rocker 15, the crank 17, the first hinge 14, the second hinge 16 and the second driving motor 18 provides second-stage pressure loading, wherein the second driving motor 18 is a servo motor and is matched with the four-bar mechanism to provide high-frequency, high-precision and high-stability closed-loop control pressure for the composite cavity unit; the micro strain gauges 23 are embedded at the top of the piston 4, and the three groups of strain gauges 22 are uniformly embedded on the inner wall of the cavity 5 in a surrounding mode, so that omnibearing pressure detection is provided for a molten pool system, and real-time feedback is formed.
The copper materials used for the cavity 5 and the heating body 6 have good heat-conducting property. Control wires of the first driving motor 2, the ceramic heater 7, the thermocouple 13, the second driving motor 18, the micro ceramic heater 24 and the micro thermocouple 21 are connected to the numerical control system 19 for integrated control.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the utility model relates to a metal vibration material disk extrusion mechanism for normal position monitoring and promotion mechanical properties, the major dimension of mechanical unit is 36mm × 23 mm × 44mm, is applicable to the metal finished product of the high mechanical properties of shaping, consider the utility model provides a thin wall aluminum plate structure of shower nozzle 8 department and integrated quartzy observation window 10 subassemblies, consequently, the utility model discloses an indirect action is for the high mechanical properties metal finished product of shaping provides the integrated subassembly of many physics field loading and normal position monitoring.
The utility model discloses a from lower supreme, from interior to exterior mounting means. The base plate 9 is equipped with an independent three-degree-of-freedom motion system that moves relative to the additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism. The spray head 8 is rigidly fixed at the bottom of the cavity 5 through threaded connection, adopts a flat thin-wall aluminum plate structure and internally shunts, is beneficial to receiving by an in-situ imaging instrument 12 after a synchrotron radiation light source 11 penetrates, and can realize synchronous high-resolution characterization of the internal three-dimensional structure of the measured semi-solid metal. The quartz observation window 10 component integrated at the nozzle 8 can be matched with an optical imaging instrument, and synchronous high-resolution characterization of the surface morphology of the measured semi-solid metal can be realized. The three groups of strain gauges 22 are uniformly embedded on the inner wall of the cavity 5 in a surrounding mode, so that omnibearing pressure detection is provided for a molten pool system and real-time feedback is formed. The heating body 6 is integrally welded outside the cavity 5 and rigidly fixed on the base, the three groups of ceramic heaters 7 and the thermocouples 13 are uniformly distributed in a surrounding manner, and the wire 1 is uniformly and fully heated in the cavity 5 due to the uniform distribution in the surrounding manner. The piston 4, the cavity 5 and the wire 1 are in interference fit. The crank-rocker mechanism consisting of the piston 4, the rocker 15, the crank 17, the first hinge 14, the second hinge 16 and the second driving motor 18 provides second-stage pressure loading, wherein the driving motor provides high-frequency, high-precision and high-stability closed-loop control pressure for the composite cavity unit by matching the servo motor and the four-bar mechanism. The micro strain gauge 23 is embedded on the top of the piston 4, detects the first stage pressure loading in real time and forms feedback. The micro ceramic heater 24 and the micro thermocouple 21 embedded inside the piston 4 form a first stage of heating, which serves as a preheating function during the passage of the wire 1 through the piston 4. Wherein the second drive motor 18 and the first drive motor 2 are rigidly fixed to the base. The wire 1 is loaded by the first-stage pressure provided by the power of a wire conveying unit consisting of a first driving motor 2, a first feeding roller 3 and a second feeding roller 20, wherein the driving motor is a servo motor and aims to provide high-precision and high-stability closed-loop control pressure.
The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made to the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism for in-situ monitoring and enhancing mechanical properties, comprising: the wire feeding device comprises a wire conveying unit, a composite cavity unit, a high-temperature loading unit, a temperature detection unit, a pressure loading unit, a pressure detection unit and an in-situ monitoring unit, wherein the composite cavity unit is respectively and rigidly connected with a piston (4) of the pressure loading unit and a heating body (6) of the high-temperature loading unit through a cavity (5), a strain gauge (22) and a spray head (8); the ceramic heater (7) and the micro ceramic heater (24) in the high-temperature loading unit are respectively installed in the heating body (6) and the piston (4) in an embedded manner; a thermocouple (13) and a micro thermocouple (21) in the temperature detection unit are respectively embedded in the heating body (6) and the piston (4); the wire (1) in the pressure loading unit is in interference fit with the inner wall of the piston (4) to form first-stage pressure loading; the piston (4), the rocker (15) and the crank (17) are respectively connected through a first hinge (14) and a second hinge (16); a strain gauge (22) and a micro strain gauge (23) in the pressure detection unit are respectively embedded and installed on the inner wall of the cavity (5) and the top end of the piston (4); the substrate (9) is provided with a three-degree-of-freedom movement control system which moves relative to the metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism.
2. The metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism for in situ monitoring and lifting of mechanical properties of claim 1, wherein: the wire conveying unit comprises a wire (1), a first driving motor (2), a first feeding roller (3) and a second feeding roller (20), wherein the first driving motor (2) provides power for the servo motor; the outer surfaces of the first feeding roller (3) and the second feeding roller (20) are provided with texture structures, and the side surface of the second feeding roller (20) is provided with a spring mechanism;
the composite cavity unit comprises a cavity (5), a heating body (6), a strain gauge (22) and a spray head (8), wherein the upper end of the inner wall of the cavity (5) is provided with an annular groove structure, and the upper end of the inner wall of the cavity can be tightly attached to a piston (4) in a pressure loading unit through an annular sealing gasket, so that the sealing protection of the high-temperature loading unit and the pressure loading unit is realized;
the high-temperature loading unit comprises a ceramic heater (7) and a micro ceramic heater (24), the micro ceramic heater (24) is in interference fit with the hole wall of a piston (4) in the pressure loading unit, the ceramic heater (7) is in interference fit with the hole outside the heating body (6), and the three groups of ceramic heaters (7) are uniformly distributed in a surrounding mode;
the temperature detection unit comprises thermocouples (13) and miniature thermocouples (21), the miniature thermocouples (21) are in interference fit with the hole walls of the pistons (4) in the pressure loading unit, the thermocouples (13) are in interference fit with the holes outside the heating body (6), and the three groups of thermocouples (13) are uniformly distributed in a surrounding manner;
the pressure loading unit comprises a piston (4), a rocker (15), a crank (17), a first hinge (14), a second hinge (16), a second driving motor (18), wires (1), a first feeding roller (3) and a first driving motor (2), the upper end of the inner wall of the cavity (5) is provided with an annular groove structure, and the annular sealing gasket can be tightly attached to the piston (4) in the pressure loading unit to realize sealing protection at the pressure loading unit; the inner wall of the piston (4) is also provided with an annular groove structure, and the annular sealing gasket can be tightly attached to the wire (1) in the pressure loading unit, so that the sealing protection at the pressure loading unit is realized, and gas is prevented from entering the cavity (5) in the composite cavity unit;
the pressure detection unit comprises strain gauges (22) and micro strain gauges (23), the micro strain gauges (23) are in interference fit with holes at the top ends of pistons (4) in the pressure loading unit, the strain gauges (22) are in interference fit with holes in the inner wall of the cavity (5), and the three groups of strain gauges (22) are uniformly distributed in a surrounding mode;
the in-situ monitoring unit comprises an in-situ imaging instrument (12), a sprayer (8), a quartz observation window (10) and an optical imaging component, wherein the sprayer (8) is made of thin-wall aluminum plates and internally shunted, and the optical imaging component monitors the surface tissue morphology of the detected semi-solid metal in real time through the quartz observation window (10).
3. The metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism for in situ monitoring and lifting of mechanical properties of claim 1, wherein: three groups of ceramic heaters (7) and thermocouples (13) in the high-temperature loading unit and the temperature detection unit are uniformly distributed in a surrounding manner to form second-stage high-temperature loading; the wire materials (1) are uniformly and fully heated in the cavity (5) by the surrounding uniform distribution; the micro ceramic heater (24) and the micro thermocouple (21) embedded in the piston (4) form a first-stage heating function, and the wire (1) plays a preheating role in the process of passing through the piston (4).
4. The metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism for in situ monitoring and lifting of mechanical properties of claim 1, wherein: the in-situ monitoring unit can realize simultaneous representation of the synchronous radiation of the optical surface appearance and the three-dimensional characteristic structure of the semi-solid metal to be detected; the optical imaging component observes the optical surface morphology of the semi-solid metal in real time through a quartz observation window (10) embedded on the side of the spray head (8), and a front-end objective lens of the optical imaging component has a continuous zooming function, so that the morphology of the measured semi-solid metal is monitored by adopting a sinking type optical imaging design; meanwhile, a thin-wall aluminum plate with the radius of 100 microns and the thickness of 100 microns is arranged at the central position of the spray head (8), and a synchrotron radiation light source can penetrate through the center of the thin-wall aluminum plate to the position of the in-situ imaging instrument (12), so that the measured semi-solid metal is subjected to crystal diffraction characterization.
5. The metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism for in situ monitoring and lifting of mechanical properties of claim 1, wherein: the wire (1) in the pressure loading unit and the pressure detection unit provides first-stage pressure loading by virtue of power of a wire conveying unit consisting of a driving motor I (2), a feeding roller I (3) and a feeding roller II (20), and a crank-rocker mechanism consisting of a piston (4), a rocker (15), a crank (17), a hinge I (14), a hinge II (16) and a driving motor II (18) provides second-stage pressure loading, wherein the driving motor II (18) is a servo motor and is matched with a four-bar mechanism to provide high-frequency, high-precision and high-stability closed-loop control pressure for the composite cavity unit; the micro strain gauges (23) are embedded at the top of the piston (4), and the three groups of strain gauges (22) are uniformly embedded on the inner wall of the cavity (5) in a surrounding mode, so that omnibearing pressure detection is provided for a molten pool system, and real-time feedback is formed.
6. The metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism for in situ monitoring and lifting of mechanical properties of claim 1, wherein: the cavity (5) and the heating body (6) are made of copper materials; control wires of the first driving motor (2), the ceramic heater (7), the thermocouple (13), the second driving motor (18), the micro ceramic heater (24) and the micro thermocouple (21) are all connected to a numerical control system (19) for integrated control.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110926640A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-03-27 | 吉林大学 | Metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism for in-situ monitoring and mechanical performance improvement |
| CN113400647A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-17 | 西安交通大学 | 3D printing system and method for improving interlayer connection strength by utilizing irradiation heating |
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2019
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110926640A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-03-27 | 吉林大学 | Metal additive manufacturing extrusion mechanism for in-situ monitoring and mechanical performance improvement |
| CN110926640B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2024-05-24 | 吉林大学 | Extrusion mechanism for metal additive manufacturing for in-situ monitoring and mechanical property improvement |
| CN113400647A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-17 | 西安交通大学 | 3D printing system and method for improving interlayer connection strength by utilizing irradiation heating |
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