CN210956996U - Broadband radiation unit and array antenna - Google Patents
Broadband radiation unit and array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN210956996U CN210956996U CN201922480568.9U CN201922480568U CN210956996U CN 210956996 U CN210956996 U CN 210956996U CN 201922480568 U CN201922480568 U CN 201922480568U CN 210956996 U CN210956996 U CN 210956996U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a wide band radiating element and array antenna, wide band radiating element includes the radiation piece. A first radiation gap is formed in the middle of the radiation piece. The first radiation gaps comprise transverse gaps and longitudinal gaps which are communicated with each other and are crossed and orthogonal. The length of each transverse gap and the length of each longitudinal gap are smaller than the length of each radiation piece in the extending direction of the corresponding radiation gap. And a second radiation gap is also arranged on the radiation sheet. The second radiation gap is communicated with the transverse gap and is arranged in a cross mode with the transverse gap. Under the action of the second radiation gap, resonance signals of a plurality of frequency bands can be generated, not only radiation synthesized by the crossed orthogonal first radiation gap vector is superposed to radiation along the polarization direction, but also radiation synthesized by the second radiation gap vector is superposed to radiation along the polarization direction, the effect of vector superposition enhancement can be achieved, and therefore the working frequency bandwidth of the broadband radiation unit is greatly widened.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a communication device technical field especially relates to a wide band radiating element and array antenna.
Background
The traditional 5G base station product is characterized by multiple ports, narrow frequency bands and full electronic forming, wherein the ports are generally 64 transceiving channels, and the frequency bands are mostly concentrated at 2.5 GHz-2.7 GHz and 3.4 GHz-3.6 GHz. The corresponding antenna system is also composed of metal working in a corresponding narrow frequency band or a PCB symmetrical array, and is simple in structure, low in cost and suitable for automatic welding. With the development of the 5G antenna system towards the broadband, the antenna system is characterized in that the working frequency band often spans two or more frequency bands, for example, 2.5GHz to 3.8GHz or 3.3GHz to 4.2GHz, or even wider frequency bands. However, for the radiating element of the conventional base station antenna, the main means for increasing the bandwidth is to use a folded element and add a matching stub of the feeding patch, or add a parasitic coupling patch. These measures cannot be implemented in 5G antennas for cost and space reasons.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Accordingly, there is a need to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a broadband radiating element and an array antenna, which can increase the width of the operating frequency band.
The technical scheme is as follows: a broadband radiating element, comprising: the radiation piece is provided with a first radiation gap in the middle, the first radiation gap comprises a transverse gap and a longitudinal gap which are mutually communicated and are in cross-orthogonal, and the length of the transverse gap and the length of the longitudinal gap are both smaller than the length of the radiation piece in the extension direction of the corresponding radiation gap; and a second radiation gap is also arranged on the radiation sheet, and the second radiation gap is communicated with the transverse gap and is arranged in a cross way with the transverse gap.
On one hand, the broadband radiation unit is additionally provided with the first radiation slot on the radiation sheet, and the radiation sheet has radiation generated between the outer edge of the radiation sheet and the antenna reflection plate, and radiation of the first radiation slot is also increased, so that the broadband radiation unit can synchronously generate two kinds of radiation when working in an antenna system, the effect of polarization vector superposition enhancement is achieved, and the Q value (Quality factor) of a microstrip radiation structure can be reduced by increasing an outward radiation window of the radiation sheet, thereby being beneficial to widening the working frequency band; and the radiation sheet is provided with the gap, so that the distributed path of the circuit can be prolonged, the resonance frequency of the radiation structure is reduced, and the aim of miniaturization design is fulfilled. In addition, the transverse slits and the longitudinal slits which are orthogonally arranged in a cross shape can restrict current distribution, two current modes with close resonance frequency are formed, and the design purpose of broadband is realized; meanwhile, the cross-shaped radiation gaps can restrain current distribution, polarization purity of a radiation field can be improved, and the purpose of improving cross polarization suppression ratio is achieved. The antenna has the advantages that the same radiation efficiency and radiation gain of a multi-layer patch structure adopted in the traditional antenna can be achieved by only using one layer of radiation sheet, so that the use of parts is reduced, the structure is simple, the antenna section can be reduced, and the miniaturization of the antenna is facilitated. On the other hand, under the action of the second radiation gap, resonance signals of a plurality of frequency bands can be generated, not only radiation synthesized by the crossed orthogonal first radiation gap vectors is superposed to radiation along the polarization direction, but also radiation synthesized by the second radiation gap vectors is superposed to radiation along the polarization direction, the effect of vector superposition enhancement can be achieved, and therefore the working frequency bandwidth of the broadband radiation unit is greatly widened.
In one embodiment, the radiation sheet is a PCB board or a metal sheet provided with an etched circuit.
In one embodiment, the arrangement direction of the second radiation gap and the arrangement direction of the transverse gap form an included angle, and the included angle between the second radiation gap and the transverse gap is 45-135 °.
In one embodiment, the broadband radiation unit further includes a third radiation gap, and the third radiation gap is communicated with the longitudinal gap and arranged to intersect with the longitudinal gap; the arrangement direction of the third radiation gaps and the arrangement direction of the longitudinal gaps form an included angle, and the included angle between the third radiation gaps and the longitudinal gaps is 45-135 degrees.
In one embodiment, the number of the second radiation gaps is more than two, and the second radiation gaps are distributed on both sides of the longitudinal gap; the third radiation gap is more than two, and the both sides of horizontal gap are equallyd divide cloth have the third radiation gap.
In one embodiment, the second radiation slits are arranged symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal slit axis, and the second radiation slits are also arranged symmetrically with respect to the transverse slit axis; the third radiation slits are arranged in an axisymmetric manner with respect to the transverse slit axis, and the third radiation slits are also arranged in an axisymmetric manner with respect to the longitudinal slit axis.
In one embodiment, the transverse slits and the longitudinal slits extend along the polarization direction of the radiation sheet with an included angle of ± 45 degrees respectively.
In one embodiment, the broadband radiation unit further comprises a feed column for connecting the radiation sheet and a feed line.
In one embodiment, the feeding columns are provided with two groups corresponding to two polarization directions of the radiation pieces, and each group of feeding columns comprises two feeding columns arranged along the axis of the polarization direction; the feed column and the radiation sheet are integrally formed, or the feed column and the radiation sheet are welded or clamped to be connected.
In one embodiment, the feeding column is a tapered column with a gradually-reduced cross section in a direction away from the radiating sheet; the feed column is a hollow feed column; a hollow part is arranged on the back of the radiation sheet; four corners of the radiation sheet are provided with vertical columns.
An array antenna comprises a reflecting plate and at least one antenna array arranged on the reflecting plate, wherein each antenna array is provided with a plurality of broadband radiation units.
On one hand, the array antenna adds the first radiation slot on the radiation sheet, and the radiation sheet has radiation generated between the outer edge of the radiation sheet and the antenna reflection plate, and also adds the radiation of the first radiation slot, so that the broadband radiation unit can synchronously generate two kinds of radiation when working in an antenna system, the effect of polarization vector superposition enhancement is achieved, and the Q value (Quality factor) of a microstrip radiation structure can be reduced by adding an outward radiation window of the radiation sheet, thereby being beneficial to widening the working frequency band; and the radiation sheet is provided with the gap, so that the distributed path of the circuit can be prolonged, the resonance frequency of the radiation structure is reduced, and the aim of miniaturization design is fulfilled. In addition, the transverse slits and the longitudinal slits which are orthogonally arranged in a cross shape can restrict current distribution, two current modes with close resonance frequency are formed, and the design purpose of broadband is realized; meanwhile, the cross-shaped radiation gaps can restrain current distribution, polarization purity of a radiation field can be improved, and the purpose of improving cross polarization suppression ratio is achieved. The antenna has the advantages that the same radiation efficiency and radiation gain of a multi-layer patch structure adopted in the traditional antenna can be achieved by only using one layer of radiation sheet, so that the use of parts is reduced, the structure is simple, the antenna section can be reduced, and the miniaturization of the antenna is facilitated. On the other hand, under the action of the second radiation gap, resonance signals of a plurality of frequency bands can be generated, not only radiation synthesized by the crossed orthogonal first radiation gap vectors is superposed to radiation along the polarization direction, but also radiation synthesized by the second radiation gap vectors is superposed to radiation along the polarization direction, the effect of vector superposition enhancement can be achieved, and therefore the working frequency bandwidth of the broadband radiation unit is greatly widened.
In one embodiment, a decoupling isolation strip is arranged between two adjacent columns of antenna arrays.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view structural diagram of a broadband radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a side view structural diagram of a broadband radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a back surface of a broadband radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a broadband radiation unit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a broadband radiation unit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a broadband radiation unit according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a back side of a broadband radiation unit according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a voltage standing wave ratio graph of the broadband radiating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention within the operating frequency band;
FIG. 10 is a graph of the voltage standing wave ratio of the radiating element of a simple cross slot in an operating frequency band according to an embodiment;
fig. 11 is a graph illustrating voltage standing wave ratio of the broadband radiating unit to other 5G frequency bands according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a graph of the co-polarization isolation of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a graph of the heteropolarization isolation of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
10. a broadband radiating element; 11. a radiation sheet; 111. a first radiation slit; 1111. a transverse slit; 1112. a longitudinal slit; 12. a second radiation gap; 13. a third radiation gap; 14. a feed column; 15. a vertical column; 16. a hollow-out section; 20. a feed line; 30. a reflective plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, as those skilled in the art will be able to make similar modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" to another element, there are no intervening elements present.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 6, a broadband radiation unit 10 includes a radiation plate 11. The middle of the radiation sheet 11 is provided with a first radiation slit 111. The first radiation slot 111 includes a transverse slot 1111 and a longitudinal slot 1112 which are connected to each other and cross-orthogonal to each other. The length of each of the transverse slots 1111 and the longitudinal slots 1112 is smaller than the length of the radiation patch 11 in the extending direction of the corresponding radiation slot. The radiation sheet 11 is further provided with a second radiation gap 12. The second radiation slit 12 is communicated with the transverse slit 1111 and is arranged to intersect with the transverse slit 1111.
On one hand, the broadband radiation unit 10 adds the first radiation slot 111 on the radiation plate 11, and the radiation plate 11 has radiation generated between the outer edge of the radiation plate 11 and the antenna reflection plate 30, and also increases radiation of the first radiation slot 111, so that when the broadband radiation unit 10 works in an antenna system, two kinds of radiation can be synchronously generated, an effect of polarization vector superposition enhancement is achieved, and by increasing an external radiation window of the radiation plate 11, a Q value (Quality factor) of a microstrip radiation structure can be reduced, which is beneficial to widening a working frequency band; and the radiation sheet 11 is provided with a gap, which can prolong the distribution path of the circuit, reduce the resonance frequency of the radiation structure and achieve the purpose of miniaturization design. In addition, the cross-shaped orthogonal transverse slot 1111 and the longitudinal slot 1112 can restrict current distribution, form two current modes with close resonant frequency, and realize the design purpose of broadband; meanwhile, the cross-shaped radiation gaps can restrain current distribution, polarization purity of a radiation field can be improved, and the purpose of improving cross polarization suppression ratio is achieved. Namely, the same radiation efficiency and radiation gain of the traditional antenna adopting a multi-layer patch structure can be achieved by only using one layer of radiation sheet 11, so that the use of parts is reduced, the structure is simple, the antenna section can be reduced, and the miniaturization of the antenna is facilitated. On the other hand, under the action of the second radiation slit 12, the resonance signals of multiple frequency bands can be generated, not only the radiation vector-synthesized by the first radiation slit 111 orthogonal to the cross is superimposed to the radiation along the polarization direction, but also the radiation vector-synthesized by the second radiation slit 12 is superimposed to the radiation along the polarization direction, so that the effect of vector superposition enhancement can be achieved, and the working frequency bandwidth of the broadband radiation unit 10 is greatly widened.
It can be understood that the lengths of the transverse slot 1111 and the longitudinal slot 1112 are smaller than the length of the radiation sheet 11 in the extending direction of the corresponding radiation slot, that is, the transverse slot 1111 and the longitudinal slot 1112 are closed structures.
Specifically, the radiation sheet 11 is a PCB board or a metal sheet provided with an etched circuit.
Further, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the arrangement direction of the second radiation slot 12 and the arrangement direction of the transverse slot 1111 form an included angle, and the included angle between the second radiation slot 12 and the transverse slot 1111 ranges from 45 ° to 135 °.
Further, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the broadband radiation unit 10 further includes a third radiation slot 13. The third radiation slit 13 is communicated with the longitudinal slit 1112 and is arranged to intersect with the longitudinal slit 1112.
By controlling the length of the second radiation slot 12 and/or the third radiation slot 13, the wideband radiation unit 10 can operate in a specific operating frequency bandwidth, and can form a high-impedance state for other frequency bands (especially ultra-high frequency bands), thereby facilitating the improvement of the mutual isolation between the two operating frequency bands. Compared with the traditional mode of performing frequency division work on a full-band radiation unit by adopting a combiner, the embodiment can solve the problem of frequency division work by controlling the radiation sheet 11 of the broadband radiation unit 10, so that the cost is greatly saved, and the operation is more convenient.
Further, the arrangement direction of the third radiation slit 13 and the arrangement direction of the longitudinal slit 1112 form an included angle, and the included angle between the third radiation slit 13 and the longitudinal slit 1112 is 45 ° to 135 °. Specifically, the angle between the second radiation slot 12 and the transverse slot 1111 is 90 °, and the angle between the third radiation slot 13 and the longitudinal slot 1112 is 90 °. Therefore, due to the addition of the third radiation slot 13, the length size of the slot is increased on the basis of the first radiation slot 111, the working bandwidth is doubled relative to a simple cross slot, and reaches 40%, namely the working frequency band is widened; and the shape main body of the radiation sheet 11 is not grooved, so that the consistency of a directional diagram under a broadband is ensured. In addition, the length of the second radiation slit 12 and the third radiation slit 13 may be adjusted, or the number of the second radiation slit 12 and the third radiation slit may be increased to increase the length of the slits.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the number of the second radiation slits 12 is two or more, and the second radiation slits 12 are distributed on both sides of the longitudinal slit 1112. The number of the third radiation gaps 13 is two or more, and the third radiation gaps 13 are distributed on two sides of the transverse gap 1111. Therefore, the second radiation slit 12 and the third radiation slit 13 which have different geometric center distances from the radiation sheet 11 both generate resonance signals of corresponding frequency bands, so that the effect of vector superposition enhancement can be achieved, and the width of the working screen of the broadband radiation unit 10 is greatly widened.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the second radiation slots 12 are disposed axisymmetrically with respect to the longitudinal slot 1112, and the second radiation slots 12 are also disposed axisymmetrically with respect to the transverse slot 1111. The third radiation slot 13 is disposed axisymmetrically with respect to the transverse slot 1111, and the third radiation slot 13 is also disposed axisymmetrically with respect to the longitudinal slot 1112. Therefore, the radiation symmetry is better, and the performance index of the antenna can be improved.
Specifically, for example, there are two second radiation slits 12, two third radiation slits 13, and the two second radiation slits 12 and the two third radiation slits 13 are respectively disposed in axial symmetry with respect to the transverse slit 1111 and the longitudinal slit 1112. In addition, the second radiation slits 12 and the third radiation slits 13 have the same length, and the two second radiation slits 12 and the two third radiation slits 13 are located on a square centered on the geometric center of the radiation sheet 11. Therefore, on one hand, the width of the working frequency band of the broadband radiation unit 10 can be widened, on the other hand, the radiation symmetry is good, and the performance index of the antenna can be improved.
Further, referring to fig. 1 to 3 or fig. 4 to 6, for example, the number of the second radiation slits 12 is four, the number of the third radiation slits 13 is four, and two of the second radiation slits 12 and two of the third radiation slits 13 close to the geometric center of the radiation plate 11 are located on a square centered on the geometric center of the radiation plate 11; two of the second radiation slits 12 and two of the third radiation slits 13, which are far from the geometric center of the radiation plate 11, are located on another square centered on the geometric center of the radiation plate 11. Therefore, on one hand, the width of the working frequency band of the broadband radiation unit 10 can be further widened, on the other hand, the radiation symmetry is good, and the performance index of the antenna can be improved.
It should be noted that, referring to fig. 4 to 6, the second radiation slit 12 and the third radiation slit 13 may be long and narrow stripe slits with constant or varying widths. The two ends of the second radiation slit 12 and the third radiation slit 13 may be provided in a circular arc shape, a square shape, or other shapes, for example.
Please refer to fig. 1, 4 to 6, the lengths of the second radiation slit 12 and the third radiation slit 13 may be the same or different, and are not limited.
Further, the length of the second radiation slit 12 close to the geometric center of the radiation plate 11 is generally smaller than the length of the second radiation slit 12 far from the geometric center of the radiation plate 11, and of course, the length of the second radiation slit 12 close to the geometric center of the radiation plate 11 may be generally greater than or equal to the length of the second radiation slit 12 far from the geometric center of the radiation plate 11. The third radiation slit 13 is similar and will not be described in detail.
In one embodiment, the transverse slots 1111 and the longitudinal slots 1112 extend along the polarization direction of the radiation sheet 11 at an angle of ± 45 °. Thus, the radiation sheet 11 is provided with the transverse slot 1111 and the longitudinal slot 1112 which are communicated with each other, so that a common body in two polarization directions on the radiation sheet 11 can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing electromagnetic coupling between the two polarizations, and further improving the isolation between the two polarization directions of the broadband radiation unit 10.
Further, a vector resultant length of adjacent ones of the first radiation slots 111 in a polarization direction between the adjacent slots is not smaller than a length of the radiation patch 11 in the polarization direction. In this way, the radiation vector-synthesized by the first radiation slits 111 orthogonal to each other in the cross direction can be superimposed on the radiation in the polarization direction, thereby improving the radiation efficiency. Further, the intersection point of the transverse slot 1111 and the longitudinal slot 1112 is located at the geometric center of the radiation patch 11, and the lengths of the transverse slot 1111 and the longitudinal slot 1112 are both 0.7 λ, where λ is related to the antenna operation center frequency, and the vector resultant radiation length of the transverse slot 1111 and the longitudinal slot 1112, both of which are 0.7 λ, in the polarization direction therebetween is equal to the length of the radiation patch 11 in the polarization direction. Further, the lengths of the second radiation slit 12 and the third radiation slit 13 are, for example, 0.25 λ.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 3 and 7, the broadband radiating unit 10 further includes a feeding post 14 for connecting the radiating patch 11 and the feeding line 20. The connection between the radiation sheet 11 and the feed column 14 does not need additional parts for fastening and interconnecting, and the number of antenna parts is small, so that the effects of miniaturization, low profile and light weight are achieved; moreover, the bandwidth required by the broadband radiation unit 10 can be realized through a layer of radiation sheet 11 with a simple structure, and the isolation of the broadband radiation unit 10 can be improved, so that the radiation gain of the antenna is improved.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 3 and 7, two sets of the feeding columns 14 are provided corresponding to two polarization directions of the radiation sheet 11, and each set of the feeding columns 14 includes two feeding columns 14 arranged along an axis of the polarization direction; the feed post 14 is integrally formed with the radiation plate 11, or the feed post 14 is connected to the radiation plate 11 by welding or fastening.
Furthermore, the position and the length of the feed column 14 can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and the aim of improving the symmetry of the antenna radiation pattern is achieved by adjusting the position of the feed column 14.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 3 and 7, the feeding post 14 is a tapered post with a gradually decreasing cross section in a direction away from the radiating plate 11. Therefore, the broadband radiating unit has a gradual impedance conversion effect, and the impedance bandwidth of the broadband radiating unit 10 can be expanded.
In one embodiment, the four corners of the radiating fins 11 are provided with vertical posts 15. This can reduce the diameter of the broadband radiation unit 10. In addition, the planar radiating patch 11 is a low-resistance structure, so that the loss is small during surface current transmission, and the bandwidth of impedance is favorably increased.
In one embodiment, the feed post 14 is a hollow feed post 14. Alternatively, a hollow portion 16 is provided on the back surface of the radiation sheet 11. Thus, the weight of the broadband radiating element 10 can be greatly reduced.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 8 and 9, an array antenna includes a reflector 30 and at least one antenna array disposed on the reflector 30, wherein the antenna array includes a plurality of the above-mentioned broadband radiation units 10.
On one hand, the first radiation slot 111 is additionally arranged on the radiation sheet 11, and the radiation of the first radiation slot 111 is also increased in addition to the radiation generated between the outer edge of the radiation sheet 11 and the antenna reflection plate 30, so that when the broadband radiation unit 10 works in an antenna system, two kinds of radiation can be synchronously generated, the effect of polarization vector superposition enhancement is achieved, and by increasing the outward radiation window of the radiation sheet 11, the Q value (Quality factor) of a microstrip radiation structure can be reduced, which is beneficial to widening the working frequency band; and the radiation sheet 11 is provided with a gap, which can prolong the distribution path of the circuit, reduce the resonance frequency of the radiation structure and achieve the purpose of miniaturization design. In addition, the cross-shaped orthogonal transverse slot 1111 and the longitudinal slot 1112 can restrict current distribution, form two current modes with close resonant frequency, and realize the design purpose of broadband; meanwhile, the cross-shaped radiation gaps can restrain current distribution, polarization purity of a radiation field can be improved, and the purpose of improving cross polarization suppression ratio is achieved. Namely, the same radiation efficiency and radiation gain of the traditional antenna adopting a multi-layer patch structure can be achieved by only using one layer of radiation sheet 11, so that the use of parts is reduced, the structure is simple, the antenna section can be reduced, and the miniaturization of the antenna is facilitated. On the other hand, under the action of the second radiation slit 12, the resonance signals of multiple frequency bands can be generated, not only the radiation vector-synthesized by the first radiation slit 111 orthogonal to the cross is superimposed to the radiation along the polarization direction, but also the radiation vector-synthesized by the second radiation slit 12 is superimposed to the radiation along the polarization direction, so that the effect of vector superposition enhancement can be achieved, and the working frequency bandwidth of the broadband radiation unit 10 is greatly widened.
In one embodiment, a decoupling isolation strip is arranged between two adjacent columns of antenna arrays.
The antenna array further includes a feed line 20 disposed on the reflector 30, and a broadband radiation unit 10 including a plurality of radiation pieces 11 and feed columns 14. A plurality of broadband radiating elements 10 are connected by a feeder line 20. The side of the reflection plate 30 opposite to the side where the feeding line 20 is provided is connected to a ground layer.
Further, the reflection plate 30 is a plate having a thickness of 0.76mm and a dielectric constant of 3.0.
Further, the feeding line 20 is electrically connected to the feeding post 14 to realize feeding of the broadband radiating element 10, so as to achieve the purpose of parallel resonance feeding. And then, four broadband radiation units 10 arranged along the longitudinal direction are connected with a feed circuit 20 thereof through a plus or minus 45-degree polarization one-to-four power divider, wherein the vertical distance DZ of the four broadband radiation units 10 is 0.5 lambda-1.0 lambda, and lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency point of the antenna operation.
It should be understood that if the number of the broadband radiation units 10 in each antenna array is N (N > 2), the broadband radiation units 10 are electrically connected through a one-to-N port power division network in the same antenna array.
As an alternative embodiment, please refer to fig. 9, an array antenna of an embodiment includes 3 rows and 8 columns of antenna arrays, each column of antenna arrays forms a small antenna array, and a distance between adjacent antenna arrays is DY ═ 0.5 λ to 0.75 λ. In addition, a decoupling isolation strip is arranged between two adjacent rows of antenna arrays, so that mutual coupling between the antenna arrays can be reduced in an antenna working frequency band, and the isolation of the antenna arrays between the adjacent rows is improved.
Fig. 9 is a voltage standing wave ratio graph of the broadband radiation unit 10 in the working frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from fig. 9 that the impedance bandwidth of more than 24% is provided in the case where the standing wave ratio is less than 1.5, and the impedance bandwidth of more than 40% is provided in the case where the standing wave ratio is less than 2 in conjunction with fig. 11.
Fig. 10 is a graph of the voltage standing wave ratio of the radiating element of a simple cross slot in an operating frequency band according to an embodiment. As can be seen from fig. 10, the bandwidth is only 7% in the case where the standing wave is less than 1.5, for comparison; the bandwidth is 20% in the case of standing waves less than 2.
Fig. 11 is a voltage standing wave ratio graph of the broadband radiation unit 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention for other 5G frequency bands. As can be seen from FIG. 11, the standing wave is greater than 3 in the frequency band of 2.5 GHz-2.7 GHz, and greater than 2.5 in the high frequency band other than 4.6GHz, so that the high-frequency-band-width-adjustable-type broadband-tunable filter has good suppression capability.
Fig. 12 is a graph of the co-polarization isolation of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 12, the co-polarization isolation is greater than-20 dB over the frequency range of 3.4GHz to 4.2 GHz.
Fig. 13 is a graph of the heteropolarization isolation of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 13, the co-polarization isolation is greater than-17 dB over the frequency range of 3.4GHz to 4.2 GHz.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only represent some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A broadband radiating element, comprising:
the radiation piece is provided with a first radiation gap in the middle, the first radiation gap comprises a transverse gap and a longitudinal gap which are mutually communicated and are in cross-orthogonal, and the length of the transverse gap and the length of the longitudinal gap are both smaller than the length of the radiation piece in the extension direction of the corresponding radiation gap; and a second radiation gap is also arranged on the radiation sheet, and the second radiation gap is communicated with the transverse gap and is arranged in a cross way with the transverse gap.
2. The broadband radiating element of claim 1, wherein the radiating patch is a PCB board or a metal sheet provided with etched circuitry.
3. The broadband radiating element of claim 1, wherein the second radiating gap is disposed at an angle to the transverse gap, and the angle between the second radiating gap and the transverse gap is 45 ° to 135 °.
4. The broadband radiating element of claim 3, further comprising a third radiating slot, the third radiating slot being in communication with the longitudinal slot and disposed across the longitudinal slot; the arrangement direction of the third radiation gaps and the arrangement direction of the longitudinal gaps form an included angle, and the included angle between the third radiation gaps and the longitudinal gaps is 45-135 degrees.
5. The broadband radiating element of claim 4, wherein the number of the second radiating gaps is two or more, and the second radiating gaps are distributed on both sides of the longitudinal gap; the third radiation gap is more than two, and the both sides of horizontal gap are equallyd divide cloth have the third radiation gap.
6. The broadband radiating element of claim 5, wherein the second radiating slot is disposed symmetrically about the longitudinal slot axis, and the second radiating slot is further disposed symmetrically about the transverse slot axis; the third radiation slits are arranged in an axisymmetric manner with respect to the transverse slit axis, and the third radiation slits are also arranged in an axisymmetric manner with respect to the longitudinal slit axis.
7. The broadband radiating element of claim 1, wherein the transverse slot and the longitudinal slot each extend along a polarization direction of the radiating patch at an included angle of ± 45 °.
8. The broadband radiating unit of claim 1, further comprising feeding posts for connecting the radiating patch and a feeding line, wherein the feeding posts are provided in two groups corresponding to two polarization directions of the radiating patch, and each group of the feeding posts comprises two feeding posts arranged along an axis of the polarization directions; the feed column and the radiation sheet are integrally formed, or the feed column and the radiation sheet are welded or clamped to be connected.
9. The broadband radiating element of claim 8, wherein the feeding post is a tapered post with a gradually decreasing cross-section in a direction away from the radiating patch; the feed column is a hollow feed column; a hollow part is arranged on the back of the radiation sheet; four corners of the radiation sheet are provided with vertical columns.
10. An array antenna comprising a reflector plate and at least one antenna array disposed on the reflector plate, wherein each antenna array is provided with a plurality of broadband radiating elements according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN201922480568.9U CN210956996U (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Broadband radiation unit and array antenna |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111129735A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Broadband radiation unit and array antenna |
| WO2023005820A1 (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2023-02-02 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and electronic device |
-
2019
- 2019-12-31 CN CN201922480568.9U patent/CN210956996U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111129735A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Broadband radiation unit and array antenna |
| CN111129735B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-09-27 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Broadband radiation unit and array antenna |
| WO2023005820A1 (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2023-02-02 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and electronic device |
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