CN210926167U - Hydrogen fuel cell with heating function - Google Patents
Hydrogen fuel cell with heating function Download PDFInfo
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- CN210926167U CN210926167U CN201922263652.5U CN201922263652U CN210926167U CN 210926167 U CN210926167 U CN 210926167U CN 201922263652 U CN201922263652 U CN 201922263652U CN 210926167 U CN210926167 U CN 210926167U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a hydrogen fuel cell with heating function, which comprises an electric pile, a hydrogen cylinder, an air compressor, a hydrogen pipeline arranged between the electric pile and the hydrogen cylinder, an air pipeline arranged between the electric pile and the air compressor, a humidifier arranged on the hydrogen pipeline and used for humidifying hydrogen, and a control unit used for controlling the hydrogen fuel cell, an annular heating pipeline is sleeved on the hydrogen pipeline between the humidifier and the electric pile, a gap is formed between the hydrogen pipeline and the heating pipeline, the two end parts of the gap are sealed, the heating pipeline is provided with a heating water inlet and a heating water outlet, the heating water inlet is connected to the hot water outlet of the galvanic pile through a connecting pipeline, the three-phase water pump is arranged between the connecting pipeline and the hot water outlet, the connecting pipeline is provided with a flow meter, and the three-phase water pump and the flow meter are both connected to the control unit. The cost and the weight are not increased, and the overall operation safety of the hydrogen fuel cell is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell's application technique and specifically relates to a hydrogen fuel cell with heating function is related to.
Background
Because the petroleum is reduced day by day and the environmental pollution is more and more serious now, it is the inevitable development trend to replace petroleum with new energy, and the environmental protection advantage that hydrogen fuel cell is close to zero pollution is gradually discovered by each government and encouraged to use. Because the hydrogen used by the hydrogen fuel cell needs to be humidified, the humidified hydrogen is easy to freeze at low temperature, so that the normal use of the hydrogen fuel cell is influenced, a hot water pipeline is installed in parallel with a wet hydrogen pipeline in the prior art to realize a heating function, and meanwhile, if the hydrogen is leaked and directly discharged into the air, certain potential safety hazard is brought to the use of the hydrogen; meanwhile, the hydrogen fuel cell can generate waste water at about 60 ℃, and the waste water is usually directly discharged, so that the waste of heat energy is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a hydrogen fuel cell with heating function is provided, realize heating hydrogen and carry out secondary safeguard function after leaking, simultaneously can make full use of hydrogen fuel cell exhaust waste water heat.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: a hydrogen fuel cell with heating function comprises an electric pile, a hydrogen cylinder, an air compressor, a hydrogen pipeline arranged between the electric pile and the hydrogen cylinder, an air pipeline arranged between the electric pile and the air compressor, a humidifier arranged on the hydrogen pipeline and used for humidifying hydrogen, and a control unit used for controlling the hydrogen fuel cell, an annular heating pipeline is sleeved on the hydrogen pipeline between the humidifier and the electric pile, a gap is formed between the hydrogen pipeline and the heating pipeline, the two end parts of the gap are sealed, the heating pipeline is provided with a heating water inlet and a heating water outlet, the heating water inlet is connected to the hot water outlet of the galvanic pile through a connecting pipeline, the three-phase water pump is arranged between the connecting pipeline and the hot water outlet, the connecting pipeline is provided with a flow meter, and the three-phase water pump and the flow meter are both connected to the control unit.
Further specifically, at least one exhaust port is arranged on the heating pipeline, an exhaust valve is arranged on the exhaust port, and the exhaust valve is connected to the control unit.
Further specifically, the heating water inlet and the heating water outlet are both arranged at the bottom of the heating pipeline.
More specifically, the heating water inlet is close to one side of the electric pile, and the heating water outlet is close to one side of the humidifier, so that the flow direction of hot water is opposite to that of hydrogen.
More specifically, the gap is larger than 2 mm.
Further specifically, a temperature sensor is arranged on a hydrogen pipeline between the humidifier and the hydrogen cylinder, and the temperature sensor is connected with the control unit.
More specifically, a smoke sensor and an automatic fire extinguishing device are arranged on the hydrogen fuel cell, and the smoke sensor and the automatic fire extinguishing device are connected with a control unit.
Further specifically, a pressure stabilizing pump is arranged on the connecting pipeline and is connected with the control unit.
The utility model has the advantages that: the hot water is surrounded around the pipeline, so that the heat conducting surface is increased, the heat transfer is accelerated, and the heat transfer is more balanced; the hot water is a reaction product of the hydrogen fuel cell, and additional water storage and water heating equipment is not needed, so that the cost and the weight are not increased; the hydrogen leakage has a secondary protection function, and the overall operation safety of the hydrogen fuel cell is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a hydrogen fuel cell of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a control schematic diagram of the heating control method of the hydrogen fuel cell of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a galvanic pile; 2. a hydrogen gas cylinder; 3. a humidifier; 4. a hydrogen gas conduit; 5. heating the pipeline; 6. a gap; 7. heating the water inlet; 8. heating the water outlet; 9. connecting a pipeline; 10. a three-phase water pump; 11. an exhaust port; 12. an exhaust valve; 13. a flow meter; 14. a control unit; 15. a temperature sensor; 16. a smoke sensor; 17. an automatic fire extinguishing device; 18. an air compressor; 19. an air duct.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a hydrogen fuel cell with a heating function includes an electric pile 1, a hydrogen cylinder 2, an air compressor 18, a hydrogen pipeline 4 disposed between the electric pile 1 and the hydrogen cylinder 2, an air pipeline 19 disposed between the electric pile 1 and the air compressor 18, a humidifier 3 disposed on the hydrogen pipeline 4 for humidifying hydrogen, and a control unit 14 for controlling the hydrogen fuel cell, wherein the hydrogen cylinder 2 adds hydrogen into the electric pile 1 through the hydrogen pipeline 4, the air compressor 18 adds air into the electric pile 1 through the air pipeline 19, and oxygen in the air reacts with hydrogen in the electric pile 1 to generate electric energy and generate wastewater at about 60 ℃ to be discharged; when the ambient temperature is too low, hydrogen is easy to freeze, and the hydrogen needs to be heated, so the heating design is that an annular heating pipeline 5 is sleeved on a hydrogen pipeline 4 between the humidifier 3 and the galvanic pile 1, a gap 6 is formed between the hydrogen pipeline 4 and the heating pipeline 5, two end parts of the gap 6 are sealed, hot water flows in the gap 6, and meanwhile, the width of the gap 6 needs to be ensured to be more than 2mm, so that the hot water can flow conveniently and the rapid heat exchange can be realized; the heating device is characterized in that a heating water inlet 7 and a heating water outlet 8 are arranged on the heating pipeline 5, the heating water inlet 7 is connected to a hot water outlet of the galvanic pile 1 through a connecting pipeline 9, a three-phase water pump 10 is arranged between the connecting pipeline 9 and the hot water outlet, a flow meter 13 and a pressure stabilizing pump are arranged on the connecting pipeline 9, a flow meter 13 is also arranged at the heating water outlet 8, the flow meter 13 is used for metering the amount of entering water, the pressure stabilizing pump is used for stabilizing the pressure of entering water, the three-phase water pump 10 and the flow meter 13 are both connected to a control unit 14, the control unit 14 controls the three-phase water pump 10 to change the flow direction of the hot water, and whether heating or discharging is needed is.
The above-mentioned judging mode can be realized by arranging the temperature sensor 15 on the hydrogen pipeline 4 between the humidifier 3 and the hydrogen cylinder 2, meanwhile, the temperature sensor 15 is connected with the control unit 14, when the temperature sensor 15 detects that the temperature is low, the control unit 14 controls the three-phase water pump 10 to discharge water into the heating pipeline 5, so as to realize the heating function; simultaneously, in order to make things convenient for the intake and the drainage of heated tube 5, heating water inlet 7 set up in heated tube 5's bottom and be close to one side of pile 1, heating delivery port 8 set up in heated tube 5 bottom and be close to humidifier 3 one side, when hot water through heating water inlet 7 flow direction heating delivery port 8 for hot water's flow direction realizes the adverse current with the flow direction of hydrogen in the opposite direction, can increase the difference in temperature and improve the heat conduction.
At least one exhaust port 11 is arranged on the heating pipeline 5, an exhaust valve 12 is arranged on the exhaust port 11, and the exhaust valve 12 is connected to a control unit 14; when hydrogen in the hydrogen pipeline 4 in the heating pipeline 5 leaks, the heating pipeline 5 can have two application modes, and when the first mode does not need heating, the gap 6 of the heating pipeline 5 can fulfill the aim of accommodating the hydrogen, cannot leak outwards and can continue to work; second, when heating is needed, the exhaust valve 12 is opened, water is carried when leaked hydrogen rushes out of the heating pipeline 5, the hydrogen and the air are isolated by the water, and the hydrogen is diffused into the atmosphere through the time difference, so that a fire disaster caused by mixing of the hydrogen and the air is avoided.
If the hydrogen fuel cell is in fire during use, the automatic fire extinguishing function can be realized, the design is that the hydrogen fuel cell is provided with a smoke sensor 16 and an automatic fire extinguishing device 17, the smoke sensor 16 is connected with the automatic fire extinguishing device 17 and the control unit 14, the smoke sensor 16 detects smoke signals and transmits the smoke signals to the control unit 14, and the control unit 14 controls the automatic fire extinguishing device 17 to realize automatic fire extinguishing.
The hydrogen fuel cell is mainly applied to a tramcar, and based on the system, the method for controlling the heating of the hydrogen fuel cell shown in figure 2 comprises the steps of,
s1, the temperature sensor 15 detects the real-time temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell environment, and transmits the real-time temperature signal to the control unit 14, where the control unit 14 includes a hydrogen fuel cell control system (FCU) and a tram network system (CCU), the CCU can transmit signals and perform human-computer interaction, and the FCU plays a role in control.
S2, the control unit 14 compares the detected real-time temperature signal with a preset temperature threshold, the temperature threshold is generally set to 0 ℃, and can also be set according to the actual situation, the setting range can be arbitrarily selected from 0 ℃ to 5 ℃, whether the real-time temperature is less than the temperature threshold 0 ℃ is judged in the CCU, if so, the hydrogen starts to enter the freezing temperature and needs to be heated, and the step S3 is entered, and if not, the hydrogen starts to enter the freezing temperature and does not need to be heated, and the step S4 is entered.
And S3, sending a control signal to the FCU by the CCU, controlling the three-phase water pump 10 to supply hot water to the heating pipeline 5 through the connecting pipeline 9 by the FCU, returning to the step S1 to continue collecting the ambient temperature until the ambient temperature is higher than the temperature threshold value, and simultaneously entering the step S5.
And S4, sending a control signal to the FCU by the CCU, controlling the three-phase water pump 10 to be in a drainage state by the FCU, directly draining water out of the battery, and returning to the step S1 to continue collecting the ambient temperature.
S5, judging whether the hydrogen pipeline in the heating pipeline 5 leaks or not, if so, opening the exhaust valve 12 to enable the hydrogen and water to flush out of the heating pipeline 5 at the same time, and if not, continuing to keep the current state and not acting; in this step, there may be two methods for judging the hydrogen leakage, the first method is to provide a hydrogen sensor and connect with the control unit 14, the hydrogen sensor is provided at the exhaust port 11, if hydrogen is detected at the exhaust port 11, the hydrogen leakage is indicated; the flow difference through heating water inlet 7 and heating delivery port 8 of the second kind is judged, if heating water inlet 7 flow is less than heating delivery port 8 flow then explains that hydrogen takes place to leak, because can occupy certain volume in hydrogen gets into heating pipeline 5, can force originally the water in heating pipeline 5 to flow out fast, blocks into water simultaneously, so can lead to heating water inlet 7 and the flow inequality of heating delivery port 8.
S6, the smoke sensor 16 detects a smoke signal and compares the smoke signal with a preset smoke threshold value, the smoke threshold value is 0.06% of smoke content, whether the smoke signal is larger than the smoke threshold value by 0.06% is judged, if yes, the hydrogen fuel cell is in a fire state, the automatic fire extinguishing device 17 is started, the power supply is cut off, and if not, the hydrogen fuel cell is in a normal work state, the automatic fire extinguishing device 17 does not act.
In conclusion, through the use of the structure and the control method, compared with the original scheme, the heat conduction quantity is increased by 10 times, hot water is surrounded around the pipeline, the heat conduction surface is enlarged, the heat transfer is accelerated, and the heat transfer is more balanced; the hydrogen and the water flow are in reverse flow, so that the temperature difference is increased, and the heat conduction quantity is improved; the hydrogen is not directly leaked, and is mixed with water to be sprayed out, so that the content of the hydrogen is diluted, and the use safety of the hydrogen is improved; the hot water is a reaction product of the hydrogen fuel cell, and is directly used without additional water storage and water heating equipment, so that the cost is not increased, and the weight of the tramcar is not increased; meanwhile, the smoke sensor and the automatic fire extinguishing device are arranged, so that the purposes of automatically extinguishing fire and cutting off the power supply can be realized, and the use safety of the hydrogen fuel cell is improved to a greater extent.
It is to be emphasized that: the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form, and any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made by the technical spirit of the present invention to the above embodiments are all within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A hydrogen fuel cell with a heating function comprises an electric pile (1), a hydrogen cylinder (2), an air compressor (18), a hydrogen pipeline (4) arranged between the electric pile (1) and the hydrogen cylinder (2), an air pipeline (19) arranged between the electric pile (1) and the air compressor (18), a humidifier (3) arranged on the hydrogen pipeline (4) and used for humidifying hydrogen, and a control unit (14) used for controlling the hydrogen fuel cell, and is characterized in that an annular heating pipeline (5) is sleeved on the hydrogen pipeline (4) arranged between the humidifier (3) and the electric pile (1), a gap (6) is formed between the hydrogen pipeline (4) and the heating pipeline (5), two end parts of the gap (6) are sealed, and a heating water inlet (7) and a heating water outlet (8) are arranged on the heating pipeline (5), heating water inlet (7) be connected to the hot water delivery port of pile (1) through connecting tube (9) and hot water delivery port between set up three-phase water pump (10) connecting tube (9) on set up flowmeter (13), three-phase water pump (10) and flowmeter (13) all connect in control unit (14).
2. The hydrogen fuel cell with heating function according to claim 1, wherein at least one exhaust port (11) is provided on said heating pipe (5), and an exhaust valve (12) is provided on said exhaust port (11), said exhaust valve (12) being connected to a control unit (14).
3. The hydrogen fuel cell with the heating function according to claim 1, wherein the heating water inlet (7) and the heating water outlet (8) are both provided at the bottom of the heating pipe (5).
4. The hydrogen fuel cell with the heating function according to claim 3, wherein the heating water inlet (7) is adjacent to the side of the stack (1), and the heating water outlet (8) is adjacent to the side of the humidifier (3), so that the flow direction of the hot water is opposite to the flow direction of the hydrogen gas.
5. The hydrogen fuel cell with heating function according to claim 1, wherein said gap (6) is larger than 2 mm.
6. The hydrogen fuel cell with a heating function according to claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor (15) is provided on the hydrogen pipe (4) between the humidifier (3) and the hydrogen cylinder (2), and the temperature sensor (15) is connected to the control unit (14).
7. The hydrogen fuel cell with the heating function according to claim 1, wherein a smoke sensor (16) and an automatic fire extinguishing device (17) are provided on the hydrogen fuel cell, and the smoke sensor (16) and the automatic fire extinguishing device (17) are connected with the control unit (14).
8. The hydrogen fuel cell with the heating function according to claim 1, wherein a pressure maintaining pump is provided on the connection pipe (9), and the pressure maintaining pump is connected with the control unit (14).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922263652.5U CN210926167U (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Hydrogen fuel cell with heating function |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922263652.5U CN210926167U (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Hydrogen fuel cell with heating function |
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| CN210926167U true CN210926167U (en) | 2020-07-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201922263652.5U Active CN210926167U (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Hydrogen fuel cell with heating function |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111048802A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-21 | 中铁轨道交通装备有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell with heating function and control method |
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2019
- 2019-12-16 CN CN201922263652.5U patent/CN210926167U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111048802A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-21 | 中铁轨道交通装备有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell with heating function and control method |
| CN111048802B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2023-10-31 | 中铁轨道交通装备有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell with heating function and control method |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20201123 Address after: 4301, 43 / F, building 3, yard 1, East Automobile Museum Road, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071 Patentee after: CHINA RAILWAY HI-TECH INDUSTRY Corp.,Ltd. Patentee after: CHINA RAILWAY RAIL TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. Address before: 210 000 Buyue Road, 29 Qiaolin Street, Pukou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 12-253 Patentee before: CHINA RAILWAY RAIL TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |