CN201466785U - Fuel-cell standby power supply device for communication - Google Patents
Fuel-cell standby power supply device for communication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201466785U CN201466785U CN2009200840403U CN200920084040U CN201466785U CN 201466785 U CN201466785 U CN 201466785U CN 2009200840403 U CN2009200840403 U CN 2009200840403U CN 200920084040 U CN200920084040 U CN 200920084040U CN 201466785 U CN201466785 U CN 201466785U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- unit
- hydrogen
- output
- module
- fuel cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
Abstract
The utility model relates to a fuel-cell standby power supply device for communication. A main body of the device comprises a hydrogen gas production and storage unit, a fuel cell unit, a DC/DC unit, an output unit, an electric control unit, a routing inspection unit, a monitoring unit and a communication unit. The device is characterized in that the hydrogen gas production and storage unit produces hydrogen gas by using solar energy or wind energy, stores the hydrogen gas in a solid form and releases the hydrogen gas through absorbing the heat in the fuel cell unit; the fuel cell unit produces direct-current energy and heat through the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen; the DC/DC unit regulates and boosts the direct-current energy and supplies electric energy to the output unit; the output unit supplies power to loads in case of commercial power down; the electric control unit collects various data and sends control information to other units; the routing inspection unit collects and transmits all monolithic voltage values; the monitoring unit displays various parameters and states to realize man machine interaction; and the communication unit conducts short-distance and long-distance communication and monitoring. The power supply system has the advantages of cleanness, high efficiency and reliability, and is suitable for the utilization of various communication standby power supplies.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to a kind of fuel cell power plants may, particularly, is a kind of fuel cell for communication standby power supply device.
Background technology
Along with the generally raising of people's living standard and the fast development of the communication technology, communication power supply has obtained extensive use.Traditional communication power supply mainly is correlated with by civil power and is changed the DC power supply that back output is fit to the communication equipment use, the batteries that its stand-by power supply is normally bulky and heavy, because battery efficiency is low, useful life is short, can not carry out series of malpractice such as secondary recovery is utilized again, discarded back serious environment pollution, it uses and promotes and has been subjected to very big restriction.In addition, its maintenance time is longer in case the mains-supplied system breaks down, especially when the mains-supplied system suffers natural calamity (as snow disasters in 2008 and Wenchuan violent earthquake etc.) heavy damage, can't be keeped in repair the realization normal power supply fast in a short time, and the time of batteries continuous firing very limited (being generally several hrs), therefore various communication equipment non-stop runs are difficult to be guaranteed, the communication disruption of bringing is like this given industrial and agricultural production, daily life or even is combated a natural disaster rescue etc. and brings great inconvenience, has a strong impact on social harmony with stable.
" epoch " weekly of the U.S. is classified fuel cell as first of the ten big high-tech that change human future life, huge manpower is all spent in countries in the world at present, material resources and financial resources are carried out primary study to fuel cell and are caught at its technology commanding elevation so that seize the first chance of industrialization, because with Shenli Science and Technology Co Ltd, Shanghai, Dalian Chemiclophysics Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences and the compound new technology of Wuhan University of Technology's material National Key Laboratory are that the domestic institution of representative has possessed the ability that fuel cell is produced in enormous quantities, the fuel cell communication spare power supplies has wide application market, therefore researches and develops corner on the market and the blockade on new techniques of fuel cell for communication stand-by power supply to the breaks through foreign like product, realize that autonomous innovation has great strategic importance.
Domestic relevant report and the license that commercial fuel cell for communication stand-by power supply is not arranged as yet at present, model machine is in the laboratory research stage mostly, and all be to realize power output 1～2KW in the single module mode, do not support the special instructions for use of communication power supply such as the standby and hot plug of multimode, long-term low-temperature storage and free of discontinuities work can not get ensureing, so commercialization also has certain degree of difficulty; External existing communication base station derives from manufactured existing hydrogen with its hydrogen of fuel cell stand-by power supply, annotates and transports in the gas cylinder mode, and the operating time is subjected to the capacity limit of gas cylinder, so its sustainable operating time is very limited; In addition, the heat that hydrogen and oxygen electrochemical reaction produce directly allows it lose and underuse, thereby hydrogen utilization ratio and energy conversion efficiency are obviously on the low side; Fuel cell module quantity is on the high side, bulky and heavy simultaneously, the low-temperature storage ability is relatively poor, the cold start-up time is oversize, lack the good moisture preserving ability; Its monitoring function is simple, is unfavorable for the observation and the maintenance of entire system, thereby the useful life of fuel cell is not high; In addition, system does not possess the function of remote monitoring, need send the staff often irregularly to carry out on-site maintenance, so its maintenance cost is too high, and itself is expensive in addition, is unfavorable for the popularization and the industrialization of system.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of utilize it solar energy without cease of the inexhaustible usefulness of the Nature and wind energy hydrogen manufacturing, fuel supply is not subjected to the characterized by city-power, as long as provide its reaction required hydrogen and oxygen to fuel cell, it just can provide electric energy endlessly, have energy-efficient, clean environment firendly, high safety, reliability height, environmental suitability are strong, the fuel cell for communication standby power supply device of the fuel cell module of " 3+1 " mode of realization and the backup of DC/DC module and support hot plug is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency.
For achieving the above object, the utility model is made of hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit, cell of fuel cell, DC/DC unit, output unit, ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit, monitoring unit and communication unit, is characterized in:
The hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit comprises device for producing hydrogen and solid-state hydrogen-storing device, and device for producing hydrogen utilizes solar energy or wind energy hydrogen manufacturing, is stored in the solid-state hydrogen-storing device with solid-state form; By absorbing the heat release high pressure hydrogen, enter cell of fuel cell behind hydrogen process high pressure valve and the pressure-reducing valve during use;
The direct current energy that cell of fuel cell produces offers the DC/DC unit by output, and produced simultaneously heat is absorbed for solid-state hydrogen-storing device by the outlet of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system;
The DC/DC unit is regulated the back of boosting with direct current energy and is provided electric energy to output unit;
Output unit is with electric energy difference supply load, cell of fuel cell, DC/DC1～Unit 4, ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit, monitoring unit and communication unit etc.;
ECU (Electrical Control Unit) links to each other with the data wire of each transducer, gathers hydrogen source Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, high pressure hydrogen pressure, advances to pile Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, goes out to pile Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, the data such as output voltage, electric current and temperature of each fuel cell pack in the charging and discharging currents of air mass flow, the air exit temp, output total voltage and the total current that go out to pile air themperature, the air themperature of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system outlet 1, solid-state hydrogen-storing device, assistant starting battery, line voltage, cell of fuel cell; Control the actuator in each unit by PWM output module, D/A output module, I/O control module; Communicate by CAN1 and routing inspection unit, monitoring unit, communication unit;
Routing inspection unit links to each other by the positive and negative terminal of data wire with all monolithic batteries of fuel battery stack module, gather all monolithic battery magnitudes of voltage and transmit, also communicate by second communication module (RS232/485 (2)) and host computer 2 monitoring interfaces by CAN2;
Monitoring unit shows parameter and operating states such as the relevant voltage of this device, electric current, pressure, flow, temperature in real time, possesses the good man-machine interaction function;
Communication unit is realized long distance wireless or wire communication and monitoring by GPRS or Ethernet, communicates by letter with host computer 1 monitoring interface by first communication module (RS232/485 (1)), realizes field adjustable, monitoring and failure diagnosis.
Above-mentioned hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit is made of device for producing hydrogen, solid-state hydrogen-storing device, high pressure valve, pressure-reducing valve, pressure sensor P1 and temperature sensor T7; Device for producing hydrogen is connected with pressure sensor P1, utilize solar energy or wind energy hydrogen manufacturing, its hydrogen outlet links to each other with the hydrogen inlet of solid-state hydrogen-storing device by pipeline, hydrogen is stored in the solid-state hydrogen-storing device with solid-state form, the hydrogen outlet of solid-state hydrogen-storing device by pipeline successively with high pressure valve, pressure-reducing valve links to each other with the hydrogen inlet of fuel battery stack module in the cell of fuel cell, in addition, link to each other with the outlet 1 of cell of fuel cell hollow air cooling heat-exchange device behind the air intake process temperature sensor T6 of solid-state hydrogen-storing device, the air outlet slit of solid-state hydrogen-storing device is connected with temperature sensor T7, insert atmosphere by pipeline then, the output of pressure sensor P1 and temperature sensor T7 links to each other with the input of the signal conditioning circuit 1 of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), respectively as the detection signal of the air exit temp of hydrogen source Hydrogen Vapor Pressure and solid-state hydrogen-storing device.
Above-mentioned cell of fuel cell is made of fuel battery stack module, hydrogen valve, adjuster valve, distributor, exhaust gas treating device, tail gas valve, air cleaner, air heating apparatus, air extraction device, air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system, pressure sensor P2～P4, temperature sensor T5 and T6, flow sensor Fa; In the hydrogen supply circuit, hydrogen from the hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit links to each other with the input of hydrogen valve by pipeline, the output of hydrogen valve by pipeline successively with pressure sensor P2, adjuster valve links to each other with distributor, distributor is connected with into heap pressure sensor P3, its output links to each other with the hydrogen inlet of fuel battery stack module by 4 pipelines, the hydrogen outlet of fuel battery stack module links to each other with the input of exhaust gas treating device by pipeline, exhaust gas treating device is connected with out heap Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer P4, its output links to each other by the input of pipeline with the tail gas valve, and the output of tail gas valve inserts atmosphere by pipeline; In (shown in Fig. 1 heavy black line) in the air supply circuit, the air door of air cleaner links to each other with atmosphere, its output links to each other with the input of air heating apparatus by pipeline, the output of air heating apparatus is connected with the air intake of fuel battery stack module, the air outlet slit of fuel battery stack module links to each other with the input of air extraction device, the output of air extraction device by pipeline successively with air flow sensor Fa, temperature sensor T5 links to each other with the input of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system, the outlet 1 of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system links to each other with the air intake of the solid-state hydrogen-storing device of hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit with temperature sensor T6 successively by pipeline, and the outlet 2 of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system is connected to cell of fuel cell inside by pipeline; The output of pressure sensor P2～P4, temperature sensor T5 and T6, flow sensor Fa links to each other with the input of the signal conditioning circuit 1 of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), respectively as high pressure hydrogen pressure, advance to pile Hydrogen Vapor Pressure and go out to pile Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, go out to pile air themperature, the air themperature of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system outlet 1 and the detection signal of air mass flow.
Above-mentioned DC/DC unit is made of DC/DC1～4; The input of DC/DC1～4 is in parallel earlier, links to each other with the both positive and negative polarity dc bus output of fuel battery stack module then, to the adjusting of boosting of the output voltage of fuel battery stack module, links to each other with the input of output unit after DC/DC1～4 output parallel connections.
Above-mentioned output unit is made of output module, in-line power circuit, power-fail detection circuit; Output module one end links to each other with load, when mains-supplied just often, be 48V direct current powering load by the 220V AC rectification, simultaneously inner assistant starting battery is charged; When the civil power power down, the assistant starting battery powering load of output module inside, link to each other with the in-line power circuit simultaneously, the direct voltage of in-line power circuit output 24V links to each other with the feeder ear of air extraction device, direct voltage and the high pressure valve of output 12V, hydrogen valve, adjuster valve, the tail gas valve, load switch 1～4, air heating apparatus, the feeder ear of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system and DC/DC1～4 links to each other, direct voltage and the temperature sensor of output 5V and 3.3V, ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit, the feeder ear of monitoring unit and communication unit links to each other, also the direct voltage of output ± 12V and each voltage, electric current, the feeder ear of pressure and flow sensor links to each other; The output of the voltage sensor V6 of power-fail detection circuit links to each other with the input of the signal conditioning circuit 1 of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), the detection signal of quick startup of the battery unit that acts as a fuel or safe shutdown.
Above-mentioned ECU (Electrical Control Unit) is made of signal conditioning circuit 1, A/D sampling module 1, microprocessor 1 (MCU1), PWM output module, D/A output module, CAN1 module, I/O control module and drive circuit; The input of signal conditioning circuit 1 links to each other with voltage sensor V1～V6, current sensor A1～A6, temperature sensor T1～T7, pressure sensor P1～P4 and the output signal of air flow sensor Fa by data wire, and the output of signal conditioning circuit 1 links to each other with A/D sampling unit 1; The PWM output module links to each other with the control end of air door, air extraction device and the adjuster valve of air cleaner, by throttle opening, the rotating speed of air extraction device and the output pressure of adjuster valve of output pwm signal control air cleaner; The D/A output module links to each other with the output voltage control end of DC/DC 1～4, by exporting the output voltage values that different digital quantities is converted to analog quantity control DC/DC unit; Drive circuit is controlled by the I/O mouth, the control end of the power switch pipe of its output and the load switch K1～K4 of high pressure valve, hydrogen valve, exhaust gas treating device, tail gas valve, air heating apparatus, air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system, each fuel cell pack, the protective circuit in the output unit and charge-discharge control circuit links to each other, and controls it and turns on and off; The CAN4 of the CAN2 by CAN1 and routing inspection unit, the CAN3 of monitoring unit and communication unit links to each other and communicates, transmitting control commands and receive related data and information from routing inspection unit, monitoring unit and communication unit.
Above-mentioned routing inspection unit is made of signal conditioning circuit 2, A/D sampling module 2, microcontroller 2 (MCU2), communication module (RS232/485 (2)), CAN2 module; The input of signal conditioning circuit 2 links to each other by all monolithic battery positive and negative terminals of data wire and fuel battery stack module, and the output of signal conditioning circuit 2 links to each other with A/D sampling unit 2; MCU2 sends to host computer with the communication module communication module (RS232/485 (2)) of all monolithic battery magnitudes of voltage by routing inspection unit, by CAN2 important relevant monolithic voltage value is sent to ECU (Electrical Control Unit), monitoring unit, communication unit.
Above-mentioned monitoring unit is made of LCD, microcontroller 3 (MCU3), sound and light alarm and indicator light circuit, button, CAN3 module; Communicate by letter with ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit and communication unit by CAN3; LCD shows the various parameters and the state of hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit, cell of fuel cell, DC/DC unit, output unit, and the command word of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit and communication unit, show the various diagnostic trouble code (comprising parametic fault and operating state fault) of this system in addition; Sound and light alarm and indicator light circuit show system's normal operating conditions, carry out sound and light alarm under nonserviceabling; By pressing corresponding button, operating personnel are provided with the cell of fuel cell relevant parameter and check, or its operating state is operated accordingly and controlled.
Above-mentioned communication unit is made of microcontroller 4 (MCU4), GPRS module, Ethernet module, communication module (RS232/485 (1)) and CAN4 module; GPRS module and remote monitoring center carry out radio communication, and Ethernet module and remote monitoring center carry out Ethernet or local area network (LAN) and link to each other and realize wire communication; Adopt the communication module (RS232/485 (1)) of communication unit to communicate by letter, make things convenient for the staff to carry out automatic or manual debugging and control with host computer.
Above-mentioned fuel battery stack module by fuel cell pack 1～4, advance to pile hydrogen hot-plug interface I1～I4, go out to pile hydrogen hot-plug interface O1～O4, temperature sensor T1～T4, voltage sensor V1～V4, current sensor A1～A4, diode D1～D4, load switch K1～K4 form; The hydrogen inlet of fuel battery stack module respectively by 4 pipelines with advance to pile hydrogen hot-plug interface I1～I4 and link to each other, link to each other with the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell pack 1～4 respectively then, the hydrogen outlet of fuel cell pack 1～4 respectively by pipeline with go out to pile hydrogen hot-plug interface O1～O4 and link to each other, link to each other with the hydrogen outlet of fuel battery stack module then; The dc power output end of fuel cell pack 1～4 is in series with current sensor A1～A4 respectively and is parallel with voltage sensor V1～V4; Positive pole separately links to each other with load switch K1～K4 with diode D1～D4 successively, through the both positive and negative polarity DC power supply bus output of battery unit of acting as a fuel that is in parallel of the output behind K1～K4; Temperature sensor T1～T4 links to each other with monolithic battery in the intercalating dye battery pile 1～4 respectively, the output of temperature sensor T1～T4, voltage sensor V1～V4 and current sensor A1～A4 links to each other the detection signal of the temperature of the battery pile that acts as a fuel respectively 1～4, output voltage and output current with the input of the signal conditioning circuit 1 of ECU (Electrical Control Unit).
Above-mentioned output module is made up of protective tube F1, filter circuit, protective circuit, charge-discharge control circuit, assistant starting battery, voltage sensor V5, current sensor A5 and A6; The input of output module is in series with protective tube F1, the output of protective tube F1 links to each other with the input of filter circuit, the output of filter circuit is in series with current sensor A5 successively and is parallel with voltage sensor V5, link to each other with the input of protective circuit then, the output of protective circuit links to each other with load on the one hand, link to each other with the input of charge-discharge control circuit on the other hand, the two-way output of charge-discharge control circuit is connected with charging and discharging currents sensors A 6, both positive and negative polarity with the assistant starting battery links to each other then, and the both positive and negative polarity of assistant starting battery also links to each other with the in-line power circuit by a branch road; The output of voltage sensor V5, current sensor A5 and A6 links to each other with the input of the signal conditioning circuit 1 of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), respectively as the detection signal of the charging and discharging currents of the output total voltage of this system, output total current and assistant starting battery.
When above-mentioned cell of fuel cell starts fast for obtaining hydrogen rapidly, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) transfers to certain rotating speed with the air extraction device, close the outlet 2 of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system and open its outlet 1 simultaneously, employing is based on the air themperature control of the air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system outlet 1 of pi regulator, and the air themperature value that air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system outlet 1 is set is T '
6, T '
6Relatively obtain temperature deviation Δ T with the actual detected value of temperature sensor T6
6, by pi regulator 1, change the heating power of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system, the caloric receptivity of the air themperature value of adjusting air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system outlet 1 and the solid-state hydrogen-storing device of hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit.When low-temperature storage, for keeping the cell of fuel cell Inside Air Temperature at T
5' above (T
5'＞0 ℃), also the air extraction device is transferred to certain rotating speed, at this moment, close the outlet 1 of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system and open its outlet 2 simultaneously, adopt cell of fuel cell internal temperature control, T based on pi regulator
5' relatively obtain temperature deviation Δ T with the actual detected value that goes out to pile air temperature sensor T5
5', by pi regulator 2, change the heating power of air heating apparatus, the internal temperature of fuel metering battery unit;
Above-mentioned ECU (Electrical Control Unit) detects mains-supplied voltage in real time, starting fluid battery unit powering load when the civil power power down, wherein excess air factor is controlled at more than 2, when the cell of fuel cell continuous firing produces heat and temperature when raising, adopt fuzzy control method to change the duty ratio of PWM output signal, the heat of taking away by the rotational speed regulation air of control air extraction device, the temperature of fuel battery stack module is remained on certain limit, when the temperature T 1～T4 of fuel battery stack module 1～4 is higher than the maximum temperature values of setting, the pwm signal duty ratio of control air extraction device is 1, when the temperature T 1～T4 of fuel battery stack module 1～4 is lower than the maximum temperature values of setting, the pwm signal duty ratio of control air extraction device is to satisfy the minimum value of load and the required 2 times of excess air factor correspondences of system consumption power, when the temperature T 1～T4 of fuel battery stack module 1～4 partly was higher than the maximum temperature values of setting, the pwm signal duty ratio of control air extraction device was between minimum value and 1.
Above-mentioned cell of fuel cell is not because cell of fuel cell can cause performance degradation owing to do not work for a long time, when detecting it and continue that the operating time is above set point, send starting command by remote monitoring center, or press the startup button by the site operation personnel, or wake the transmission starting command automatically up by ECU (Electrical Control Unit), the force start cell of fuel cell regularly keeps good electrochemical reaction characteristic with the irregular warm-up cell of fuel cell that makes by this.
Because having made full use of the heat of electrochemical reaction of fuel battery generation, the utility model absorbs release hydrogen for solid-state hydrogen-storing device, obviously difference and other fuel cell for communication stand-by power supply are in hydrogen cylinder filling hydrogen fuel mode, and by air-cooled or water-cooling pattern directly with the shortcoming of heat dissipation, thereby capacity usage ratio height; Any 3 the rated output power sum in fuel cell pack 1～4 that is disposed and DC/DC1～4 is greater than the maximum power of load consumption, when wherein any one fuel cell module or DC/DC module break down, it is taken off, the output of its excess-three module still can be kept the load operate as normal, also obviously be different from the limitation of other fuel cell for communication stand-by power supply with single fuel cell module and single DC/DC module power output, and so that more multiple fuel cell module (more than or equal to 10) and more DC/DC make up the complexity that the output of realization small-power causes structure, thereby realized cell of fuel cell and DC/DC unit " 3+1 " backup and hot plug function, improved the reliability of system; Adopt fuel battery stack module Temperature Fuzzy Control method, improved the efficient of system's electrochemical reaction; The air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system based on pi regulator 1 that adopts exports 1 air themperature control, has improved the quick startup ability of system; The cell of fuel cell Inside Air Temperature control of adopting based on pi regulator 2 has improved the low temperature of system and has stored and adaptive capacity to environment; Adopt irregular mandatory startup method, kept the activity of fuel cell, improved its useful life.The utility model has been broken through the restriction of power output, can realize high-power output by the combination in parallel of a plurality of systems.This system's hydrogen utilization ratio height, adaptive capacity to environment and good reliability, fast, the long service life of startup are fit to various communication base station stand-by power supplies and use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structure theory diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a fuel battery stack module theory diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is an output module theory diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is an in-line power schematic block circuit diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is pi regulator of the present utility model 1 temperature control principle block diagram when starting fast.
Fig. 6 starts back fuel battery stack module Temperature Fuzzy Control theory diagram for the utility model.
Temperature control principle block diagram when Fig. 7 is pi regulator 2 low-temperature storage of the present utility model.
Embodiment
The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The utility model main part structure as shown in Figure 1, main part of the present utility model is formed (Fig. 1) by hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit, cell of fuel cell, DC/DC unit, output unit, ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit, monitoring unit and communication unit; Hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit by using solar energy or wind energy hydrogen manufacturing and with solid-state storage are by absorbing the heat release hydrogen of cell of fuel cell; Cell of fuel cell produces direct current energy and heat by the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen-oxygen; The DC/DC unit is regulated the back of boosting to direct current energy and is provided electric energy to output unit; Output unit is powering load when the civil power power down; ECU (Electrical Control Unit) is gathered various data and is sent control information to each unit; Routing inspection unit is gathered all monolithic voltage values and is transmitted; Monitoring unit shows various parameters and state, realizes man-machine interaction; Communication unit carries out short range and telecommunication and monitoring.
The hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit is made of the air exit temp transducer T7 of solar energy and wind energy device for producing hydrogen, high-voltage solid-state hydrogen-storing device, high-pressure solenoid valve, manual pressure-reducing valve, hydrogen source Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer P1 and solid-state hydrogen-storing device; Device for producing hydrogen is connected with hydrogen source Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer P1, utilize solar energy or wind energy hydrogen manufacturing, its hydrogen outlet links to each other with the hydrogen inlet of solid-state hydrogen-storing device by pipeline, hydrogen is stored in the solid-state hydrogen-storing device with solid-state form, the hydrogen outlet of solid-state hydrogen-storing device by pipeline successively with high-pressure solenoid valve, manually pressure-reducing valve links to each other with the hydrogen inlet of fuel battery stack module in the cell of fuel cell, in addition, link to each other with the outlet 1 of cell of fuel cell hollow air cooling heat-exchange device behind the air intake process temperature sensor T6 of solid-state hydrogen-storing device, the air outlet slit of solid-state hydrogen-storing device is connected with temperature sensor T7, insert atmosphere by pipeline then, the output of the air exit temp transducer T7 of hydrogen source Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer P1 and solid-state hydrogen-storing device links to each other with the input of the signal conditioning circuit 1 of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), respectively as the detection signal of the air exit temp of hydrogen source Hydrogen Vapor Pressure and solid-state hydrogen-storing device.
Cell of fuel cell as shown in Figure 2, by hydrogen valve, adjuster valve, fuel battery stack module, hydrogen dispenser, exhaust gas treating device, tail gas valve, air cleaner, air heating apparatus, air extraction device, air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system, high-pressure transducer P2, advance to pile Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer P3, go out to pile Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer P4, go out to pile air temperature sensor T5, air temperature sensor T6, the air flow sensor Fa of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system outlet 1 constitute; In the hydrogen supply circuit, hydrogen from the hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit links to each other with the input of hydrogen valve by pipeline, the output of hydrogen valve by pipeline successively with pressure sensor P2, adjuster valve links to each other with distributor, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) by the control hydrogen valve open aperture with the pressure regulating valve valve after, after being further depressurized, hydrogen enters hydrogen dispenser, hydrogen dispenser is connected with into heap pressure sensor P3, its output links to each other with the hydrogen inlet of fuel battery stack module by 4 pipelines, make hydrogen enter fuel battery stack module thus, the hydrogen outlet of fuel battery stack module links to each other with the input of exhaust gas treating device by pipeline, exhaust gas treating device is connected with out heap Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer P4, by burning the intact hydrogen of unreacted is consumed processing, prevent that it is leaked to indoor or inner directly the mixing with air of cell of fuel cell caused serious accident, its output links to each other by the input of pipeline with the tail gas valve, the output of tail gas valve inserts atmosphere by pipeline, by controlling the open-minded of tail gas valve, discharge section tail gas, the efficient of assurance cell of fuel cell electrochemical reaction; In (shown in Fig. 1 heavy black line) in the air supply circuit, the air door of air cleaner links to each other with atmosphere, its output links to each other with the input of air heating apparatus by pipeline, aperture by the control air door is regulated the amount of fresh air that enters cell of fuel cell inside, the output of air heating apparatus is connected with the air intake of fuel battery stack module, the air outlet slit of fuel battery stack module links to each other with the input of air extraction device, rotating speed by control air extraction device produces pressure differential, making air enter fuel battery stack module from the output of air heating apparatus reacts, carry of the output outflow of the heat of reaction generation then from the air extraction device, the output of air extraction device by pipeline successively with air flow sensor Fa, the input that goes out to pile air temperature sensor T5 and air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system links to each other, the outlet 1 of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system links to each other with the air intake of the solid-state hydrogen-storing device of hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit with air temperature sensor T6 successively by pipeline, insert atmosphere then, the outlet 2 of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system is connected to cell of fuel cell inside by pipeline; The both positive and negative polarity dc bus output end voltage of fuel battery stack module is Uo, links to each other with the input of DC/DC unit; The output of pressure sensor P2～P4, temperature sensor T5 and T6, flow sensor Fa links to each other with the input of the signal conditioning circuit 1 of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), respectively as high pressure hydrogen pressure, advance to pile Hydrogen Vapor Pressure and go out to pile Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, go out to pile air themperature, the air themperature of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system outlet 1 and the detection signal of air mass flow.
The DC/DC unit is made of DC/DC1～4; The input and the output of DC/DC1～4 are isolated fully, and its rated output power is respectively P
1, P
2, P
3, P
4, all greater than the maximum of bearing power and this system's autophage power sum, all input parallel connections of DC/DC1～4 are as the total input of the DC power supply of DC/DC unit for three's sum arbitrarily, and the output end voltage of DC/DC1～4 is respectively U
DC1, U
DC2, U
DC3, U
DC4, back in parallel links to each other with the input of output unit as the total output of the DC power supply of DC/DC unit, satisfies during steady operation: U
DC1=U
DC2=U
DC3=U
DC4When any one breaks down in DC/DC1～4, it is pulled out, make the output of remaining 3 DC/DC still keep the demand that system's operate as normal satisfies load and this system's total power consumption, thereby realize DC/DC unit " 3+1 " backup and hot plug function.When cell of fuel cell starts the back powering load, the output voltage of D/A Signal Regulation DC/DC1～4 by ECU (Electrical Control Unit), make the as far as possible all even unanimity of output of each module of fuel cell pack with the aspect, on the other hand, when the assistant starting SOC value of battery is low, be its charging, thus the operating efficiency and the useful life of improving system.
Output unit is made of output module, in-line power circuit, power-fail detection circuit as shown in Figure 3; Output module one end links to each other with load, when mains-supplied just often, be 48V direct current powering load by the 220V AC rectification, simultaneously inner assistant starting battery is charged; When the civil power power down, inner assistant starting battery powering load, link to each other with the in-line power circuit simultaneously, the direct voltage of in-line power circuit output 24V links to each other with the feeder ear of air extraction device, direct voltage and the high pressure valve of output 12V, hydrogen valve, adjuster valve, the tail gas valve, load switch 1～4, air heating apparatus, the feeder ear of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system and DC/DC1～4 is connected to its power supply, direct voltage and the temperature sensor of output 5V and 3.3V, ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit, the feeder ear of monitoring unit and communication unit is connected to its power supply, also the direct voltage of output ± 12V and each voltage, electric current, the feeder ear of pressure and flow sensor is connected to its power supply; Power-fail detection circuit contains line voltage detecting sensor V6, and its output links to each other with the input of the signal conditioning circuit 1 of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), the detection signal of quick startup of the battery unit that acts as a fuel or safe shutdown.
ECU (Electrical Control Unit) is made of signal conditioning circuit 1, A/D sampling module 1, microprocessor 1 (MCU1), PWM output module, D/A output module, CAN1 module, I/O control module and drive circuit; The input of signal conditioning circuit 1 is by the output voltage sensor V1～V4 of data wire and fuel cell pack 1～4, the output total voltage transducer V5 of the output module in the output unit, line voltage detecting sensor V6, the output current sensors A 1～A4 of fuel cell pack 1～4, the output total current transducer temperature A5 of the output module in the output unit, the charging and discharging currents A6 of assistant starting battery, temperature sensor T1～the T4 of fuel cell pack 1～4, go out to pile air temperature sensor T5, the air temperature sensor T6 of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system outlet 1, the air exit temp transducer T7 of the solid-state hydrogen-storing device of hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit, hydrogen source Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer P1, high-pressure transducer P2, advance to pile Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer P3, the output signal that goes out to pile Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer P4 and air flow sensor Fa links to each other, the output of signal conditioning circuit 1 links to each other with A/D sampling unit 1, and MCU1 is that digital signal is carried out computing with the analog signal conversion of various transducers; The PWM output module links to each other with the control end of air door, air extraction device and the adjuster valve of air cleaner, by throttle opening, the rotating speed of air extraction device and the output pressure of adjuster valve of output pwm signal control air cleaner; The D/A output module links to each other with the output voltage control end of DC/DC 1～4, by exporting the output voltage values that different digital quantities is converted to analog signals control DC/DC unit; Drive circuit is controlled by the I/O mouth, the control end of the power switch pipe of its output and the load switch K1～K4 of high pressure valve, hydrogen valve, exhaust gas treating device, tail gas valve, air heating apparatus, air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system, each fuel cell pack, the protective circuit in the output unit and charge-discharge control circuit links to each other, and controls it and turns on and off; The CAN4 of the CAN2 by CAN1 and routing inspection unit, the CAN3 of monitoring unit and communication unit links to each other and communicates, transmitting control commands and receive related data and information from routing inspection unit, monitoring unit and communication unit.
Routing inspection unit is made of signal conditioning circuit 2, A/D sampling module 2, microcontroller 2 (MCU2), communication module 2 (RS232/485), CAN2 module; The input of signal conditioning circuit 2 links to each other by all monolithic battery positive and negative terminals of data wire and fuel battery stack module, and the output of signal conditioning circuit 2 links to each other with A/D sampling unit 2; MCU2 sends to host computer 2 with the communication module 2 (RS232/485) of all monolithic battery magnitudes of voltage by routing inspection unit, realizes all monolithic battery magnitude of voltage on-line monitorings, convenient debugging and maintenance; By CAN2 important about the monolithic voltage value send to ECU (Electrical Control Unit) for its adjust Control Parameter and strategy, it shows, sends to communication unit in real time and carries out remote transmission and monitoring for it to send to the monitoring unit confession.
Monitoring unit is made of LCD, microcontroller 3 (MCU3), sound and light alarm and indicator light circuit, button, CAN3 module; Communicate by letter with ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit and communication unit by CAN3; LCD links to each other with the I/O mouth with the data/address bus of MCU3, the various parameters and the state that show hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit, cell of fuel cell, DC/DC unit, output unit by the mode of turning over screen, skip and rolling in real time, and the command word of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit and communication unit, show the various diagnostic trouble code (comprising parametic fault and operating state fault) of this system in addition; Sound and light alarm and indicator light circuit show system's normal operating conditions, carry out sound and light alarm under nonserviceabling; By pressing corresponding button, operating personnel are provided with the relevant Control Parameter of this device (as the temperature of exporting total voltage, fuel cell pack 1～4, the rotating speed that goes out to pile air themperature, air extraction device) and associated voltage, electric current, temperature and pressure etc. are checked, or (as force start or shutdown, insulation etc.) are operated and controlled to its operating state accordingly.
Communication unit is made of microcontroller 4 (MCU4), GPRS module, Ethernet module, communication module (RS232/485 (1)) and CAN4 module; Communicate by letter with ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit and monitoring unit by CAN4; The GPRS module links to each other with the I/O mouth with the data/address bus of MCU4 with the Ethernet module, and GPRS module and remote monitoring center carry out radio communication, and Ethernet module and remote monitoring center carry out Ethernet or local area network (LAN) and link to each other and realize wire communication; One of communication interface adopts RS232/485 bus (first communication module of communication unit (RS232/485 (1))) to communicate by letter with host computer, makes things convenient for the staff to carry out automatic or manual debugging and control; Another communication interface adopts CAN bus (CAN4 module) to communicate by letter with ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit and monitoring unit, receives related data and information, sends the remote monitoring order to it.
Fuel battery stack module (Fig. 2) by fuel cell pack 1～4, advance to pile hydrogen hot-plug interface I1～I4, go out to pile hydrogen hot-plug interface O1～O4, output voltage sensor V1～V4 and output current sensors A 1～A4, counnter attack diode D1～D4, the load switch K1～K4 of fuel battery stack module temperature sensor T1～T4, fuel cell pack 1～4 form; The hydrogen inlet of fuel battery stack module respectively by 4 pipelines with advance to pile hydrogen hot-plug interface I1～I4 and link to each other, link to each other with the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell pack 1～4 respectively then, the hydrogen outlet of fuel cell pack 1～4 respectively by pipeline with go out to pile hydrogen hot-plug interface O1～O4 and link to each other, link to each other with the hydrogen outlet of fuel battery stack module then; The dc power output end of fuel cell pack 1～4 is respectively U1
o, U2
o, U3
o, U4
oAnd be in series with current sensor A1～A4 respectively and be parallel with voltage sensor V1～V4, positive pole separately links to each other with load switch K1～K4 with counnter attack diode D1～D4 successively, the both positive and negative polarity DC power supply bus output of battery unit acts as a fuel after the output parallel connection of load switch K1～K4, in start-up course, after the whole closures of control load K switch 1～K4, cell of fuel cell starts to be finished, and this moment, output voltage satisfied U1
o=U2
o=U3
o=U4
o=U
Fc, U
FcBe the stable output of fuel battery stack module total voltage value; The rated output power of fuel cell pack 1～4 is respectively P1
Net, P2
Net, P3
Net, P4
NetThree's sum is greater than the maximum of bearing power and this system's autophage power sum arbitrarily, owing to advance to pile hydrogen hot-plug interface I1～I4 and go out to pile hydrogen hot-plug interface O1～O4 quick closedown and two ends are communicated with rapidly when inserting characteristic when extracting, when any one fuel cell pack breaks down, it is pulled out change or keep in repair, thereby realize " 3+1 " backup and hydrogen gas circuit hot plug function, guaranteed the reliability power supply of system; Temperature sensor T1～T4 links to each other with monolithic battery in the intercalating dye battery pile 1～4 respectively, the output of temperature sensor T1～T4, voltage sensor V1～V4 and current sensor A1～A4 links to each other with the input of the signal conditioning circuit 1 of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), MCU1 is that digital signal is carried out computing with analog signal conversion, the temperature T of the battery pile that acts as a fuel respectively 1～4
1～T
4, output voltage U 1
o～U4
oWith output current I
1～I
4Detection signal.
Output module (Fig. 3) is made up of protective tube F1, filter circuit, protective circuit, charge-discharge control circuit, assistant starting battery, output total voltage transducer V5, output total current sensors A 5 and charging and discharging currents sensors A 6; The input of output module is in series with protective tube F1, and the output of protective tube F1 links to each other with the input of filter circuit, and filter circuit carries out filtering to input voltage, removes High-frequency Interference it is adjusted into level and smooth direct voltage U
DC, its output is connected successively and is parallel with output total current sensors A 5 and output total voltage transducer V5, links to each other with the input of protective circuit then; The output of protective circuit is as the output of output module, link to each other with load on the one hand, link to each other with the input of charge-discharge control circuit on the other hand,, overvoltage under-voltage, overcurrent when occurring, when overheated by turn-offing being connected of the cut-out of internal power switching tube and load and charge-discharge control circuit, realization is to the protection of system; The two-way output of charge-discharge control circuit is connected with the charging and discharging currents sensors A 6 of assistant starting battery, and the both positive and negative polarity with the assistant starting battery links to each other then; The both positive and negative polarity of assistant starting battery also links to each other with the in-line power circuit by a branch road; The output of voltage sensor V5, current sensor A5 and A6 links to each other with the input of the signal conditioning circuit 1 of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), exports the detection signal of the charging and discharging currents of total voltage, output total current and assistant starting battery respectively as this system.
In-line power circuit (Fig. 4) is made up of DC/DC5～9; The input and the output of DC/DC5～9 are isolated fully, the output of assistant starting battery links to each other with the input of DC/DC6 with DC/DC5, the output end voltage of DC/DC5 is 12V, feeder ear with high pressure valve, hydrogen valve, adjuster valve, tail gas valve, air heating apparatus, air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system and DC/DC1～4 is connected to its power supply on the one hand, and the realization voltage that links to each other with the input of DC/DC7 and DC/DC8 is on the other hand further changed; The output end voltage of DC/DC6 is 24V, is connected to its power supply with the feeder ear of air extraction device; The output end voltage of DC/DC7 is 5V, is connected to its power supply with the feeder ear of the peripheral circuit of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit, monitoring unit, communication unit, temperature sensor T1～T6, and the realization voltage that links to each other with the input of DC/DC9 is further changed; The output end voltage of DC/DC8 is ± 12V to give voltage sensor transducer V1～V6, current sensor A1～A6, pressure sensor P1～P4 and flow sensor Fa power supply; The output end voltage of DC/DC9 is 3.3V, gives the kernel and the minimum system power supply of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit, monitoring unit, communication unit.
In embodiment of the present utility model, when detecting the civil power power down, the quick, intelligent startup of cell of fuel cell, its process is divided into following step:
At first, for obtaining hydrogen rapidly, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) transfers to the highest rotating speed with the air extraction device, close the outlet 2 of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system and open its outlet 1 simultaneously, employing is based on the air themperature control (as shown in Figure 5) of the air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system outlet 1 of pi regulator, and the air themperature value of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system outlet 1 is set to T
6' and above (suitably heighten turn down according to the height situation of ambient temperature), the direct current energy that the hydrogen that the solid-state hydrogen-storing device that guarantees the hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit absorbs heat release reacts generation satisfies the requirement of load power output and system self power consumption, T
6' relatively obtain temperature deviation Δ T with the actual detected value of the air temperature sensor T6 of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system outlet 1
6, by pi regulator 1, change the heating power of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system, regulate the air themperature value of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system outlet 1.
Secondly, the air themperature value when air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system outlet 1 rises near the value of setting T
6' time, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) is opened high pressure valve, hydrogen valve, and the regulating and controlling valve is transferred to certain pressure scope (being generally about an atmospheric pressure) with hydrogen, make it enter fuel battery stack module and participate in reaction, start exhaust gas treating device simultaneously and open the tail gas valve, when burning the intact hydrogen of unreacted, make the fuel battery stack module gas circuit unimpeded by last person's gas.
Then, when fuel cell pack 1～4 output voltage all greater than the minimal security starting resistor value U that sets
Min(0.8*n, n is a monolithic battery sheet number) time, the charge switch closure of ECU (Electrical Control Unit) control load K switch 1～K4 and charge-discharge control circuit, control the discharge switch disconnection simultaneously and close the tail gas valve, export the output voltage values that the D/A signal progressively promotes DC/DC1～4 then, for negative, cell of fuel cell started and finished this moment until the output valve of charging and discharging currents sensors A 6, powering load gives the assistant starting battery float until being full of on the other hand on the one hand.Because this moment, the fuel battery stack module temperature was lower, remained on certain limit T for making its temperature
Min～T
Max, improve reaction efficiency, by detecting output current I
O, calculate the air mass flow value F that satisfies 2 times of required excess air factors of reaction
Air, by air mass flow F
AirRotating speed V with the air extraction device
AirCorresponding relation (obtaining) by experiment calculate the minimum duty cycle D of pwm signal
Min, and export by the PWM output module.
At last, cell of fuel cell starts to be finished to load and system self power supply, the minimum monolithic voltage value U that sends over when routing inspection unit
Sing_lowBe lower than set point U
Sing_minThe time, control tail gas valve every interval m opens the water of n discharge section second tail gas and generation, U second
Sing_lowLow more, the value that m is set is more little, otherwise big more.At this moment, the fuel battery stack module temperature adopts fuzzy control (as shown in Figure 6), it is embodied as: relatively obtain the interconversion rate of sum of errors error with temperature sensor T1～T4 with the temperature of fuel battery stack module is given, behind fuzzy reasoning and de-fuzzy, obtain the duty ratio of pwm signal, rotating speed realization by PWM output module output pwm signal control air extraction device is air-cooled, if the temperature T of fuel cell pack 1～4
1～T
4All be lower than T
MinThe time, make that the duty ratio of output pwm signal is D
Min(D
MinFor the minimum speed of controlling the air extraction device guarantees that excess air factor is 2 o'clock a minimum duty cycle); If the temperature T of fuel cell pack 1～4
1～T
4All be higher than T
MaxThe time, make that the duty ratio of output pwm signal is 1; If the temperature T of fuel cell pack 1～4
1～T
4In, there is the individual value of i (1≤i≤3) to be higher than T
MaxThe time, make the duty ratio of output pwm signal between D
MinWith between 1, i is big more more near 1, otherwise more near D
Min
If in the cell of fuel cell course of work, when the value by voltage sensor V6 detects mains-supplied just often, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) by disconnecting consumers K switch 1～K4 successively, open the tail gas valve, close the air extraction device, air heating apparatus, air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system, hydrogen valve, pressure regulating valve and high pressure valve, thereby realize that safety shutdown changes by civil power the power supply of load again and provides.
In embodiment of the present utility model, when ambient temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the temperature of cell of fuel cell is remained on T for realizing low-temperature storage
5' above (T
5'＞0 ℃), the ECU (Electrical Control Unit) output pwm signal transfers to V with the rotating speed of air extraction device
SaveClose the air door of air cleaner simultaneously, in addition, also behind overdrive circuit, close the outlet 1 of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system by I/O control module output switching value signal, open the outlet 2 of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system then, the air of cell of fuel cell the inside sealing is flowed in inner loop, adopt cell of fuel cell Inside Air Temperature control (as shown in Figure 7), T based on pi regulator 2
5' relatively obtain temperature deviation Δ T with the actual detected value that goes out to pile air temperature sensor T5
5', by pi regulator 2, change the heating power of air heating apparatus, thus the internal temperature of fuel metering battery unit; When the ambient temperature very internal temperature of low fuel battery unit rises when slow, start air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system to full power operation simultaneously and assist heating to make Inside Air Temperature reach T rapidly
5' and more than, thereby environmental suitability, the low temperature storage capacity of raising system.
Cell of fuel cell is not worked owing to the long-term normal power supply of civil power is in idle state, can cause performance degradation, continues not the operating time above set point T when detecting it
StopThe time, send starting command by remote monitoring center, or press the startup button by the site operation personnel, or wake the transmission starting command automatically up by ECU (Electrical Control Unit), the force start cell of fuel cell, start-up course is as mentioned above shown in the several steps, this moment, control load K switch 1～K4 kept off-state, the tail gas valve is discharged tail gas in the mode of fixing time, the humidity that keeps proton exchange membrane by the water of this no-load running generation, make fuel cell keep good electrochemical reaction activity simultaneously, thereby improved its useful life and long term storage ability.
The content that is not described in detail in the utility model specification belongs to this professional domain technical staff known prior art.
Claims (8)
1. fuel cell for communication standby power supply device, it comprises hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit, cell of fuel cell, DC/DC unit, output unit, ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit, monitoring unit and communication unit, it is characterized in that:
The hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit comprises device for producing hydrogen and solid-state hydrogen-storing device, and device for producing hydrogen utilizes solar energy or wind energy hydrogen manufacturing, is stored in the solid-state hydrogen-storing device with solid-state form; By absorbing the heat release high pressure hydrogen, enter cell of fuel cell behind hydrogen process high pressure valve and the pressure-reducing valve during use;
The direct current energy that cell of fuel cell produces offers the DC/DC unit by output, and produced simultaneously heat is absorbed for solid-state hydrogen-storing device by the outlet of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system;
The DC/DC unit is regulated the back of boosting with direct current energy and is provided electric energy to output unit;
Output unit is with electric energy difference supply load, cell of fuel cell, DC/DC unit, ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit, monitoring unit and communication unit;
ECU (Electrical Control Unit) links to each other with the data wire of each transducer, gathers hydrogen source Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, high pressure hydrogen pressure, advances to pile Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, goes out to pile Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, output voltage, electric current and the temperature of each fuel cell pack in the charging and discharging currents of air mass flow, the air exit temp, output total voltage and the total current that go out to pile air themperature, the air themperature of air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system outlet 1, solid-state hydrogen-storing device, assistant starting battery, line voltage, cell of fuel cell; ECU (Electrical Control Unit) is controlled the actuator in each unit by PWM output module, D/A output module, I/O control module; ECU (Electrical Control Unit) communicates by CAN1 and routing inspection unit, monitoring unit and communication unit;
Routing inspection unit links to each other by the positive and negative terminal of data wire with all monolithic batteries of fuel battery stack module, gathers all monolithic battery magnitudes of voltage and by CAN2 transmission, also second communication module (2) and the host computer by routing inspection unit communicates;
Monitoring unit shows voltage, electric current, pressure, flow, temperature and the operating state that this system is relevant in real time;
Communication unit is realized telecommunication and monitoring by GPRS or Ethernet, communicates by letter with host computer by first communication module (1) of communication unit, realizes field adjustable, monitoring and failure diagnosis.
2. a kind of fuel cell for communication standby power supply device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit is made of device for producing hydrogen, solid-state hydrogen-storing device, high pressure valve, pressure-reducing valve, pressure sensor P1 and temperature sensor T7; Device for producing hydrogen is connected with pressure sensor P1, utilize solar energy or wind energy hydrogen manufacturing, its hydrogen outlet links to each other with the hydrogen inlet of solid-state hydrogen-storing device by pipeline, hydrogen is stored in the solid-state hydrogen-storing device with solid-state form, the hydrogen outlet of solid-state hydrogen-storing device by pipeline successively with high pressure valve, pressure-reducing valve links to each other with the hydrogen inlet of fuel battery stack module in the cell of fuel cell, in addition, link to each other with the outlet 1 of cell of fuel cell hollow air cooling heat-exchange device behind the air intake process temperature sensor T6 of solid-state hydrogen-storing device, the air outlet slit of solid-state hydrogen-storing device is connected with temperature sensor T7, insert atmosphere by pipeline then, the output of pressure sensor P1 and temperature sensor T7 links to each other with the input of the signal conditioning circuit 1 of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), respectively as the detection signal of the air exit temp of hydrogen source Hydrogen Vapor Pressure and solid-state hydrogen-storing device.
3. a kind of fuel cell for communication standby power supply device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: cell of fuel cell by fuel battery stack module, hydrogen valve, adjuster valve, distributor, exhaust gas treating device, tail gas valve, air cleaner, air heating apparatus, air extraction device, air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system, pressure sensor P2～P4, temperature sensor T5 and T6,
FF-5. the feeder ear of controlling unit, routing inspection unit, monitoring unit and communication unit links to each other, and also the direct voltage of output ± 12V links to each other with the feeder ear of each voltage, electric current, pressure and flow sensor; The output of the voltage sensor V6 of power-fail detection circuit links to each other with the input of the signal conditioning circuit 1 of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), the detection signal of quick startup of the battery unit that acts as a fuel or safe shutdown.
6. a kind of fuel cell for communication standby power supply device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: ECU (Electrical Control Unit) is made of signal conditioning circuit 1, A/D sampling module 1, microprocessor 1, PWM output module, D/A output module, CAN1 module, I/O control module and drive circuit; The input of signal conditioning circuit 1 links to each other with voltage sensor V1～V6, current sensor A1～A6, temperature sensor T1～T7, pressure sensor P1～P4 and the output signal of air flow sensor Fa by data wire, and the output of signal conditioning circuit 1 links to each other with A/D sampling unit 1; The PWM output module links to each other with the control end of air door, air extraction device and the adjuster valve of air cleaner, by throttle opening, the rotating speed of air extraction device and the output pressure of adjuster valve of output pwm signal control air cleaner; The D/A output module links to each other with the output voltage control end of DC/DC1～4, by exporting the output voltage values that different digital quantities is converted to analog quantity control DC/DC unit; Drive circuit is controlled by the I/O mouth, the control end of the power switch pipe of its output and the load switch K1～K4 of high pressure valve, hydrogen valve, exhaust gas treating device, tail gas valve, air heating apparatus, air cold-heat-exchanging exchange system, each fuel cell pack, the protective circuit in the output unit and charge-discharge control circuit links to each other, and controls it and turns on and off; The CAN4 of the CAN2 by CAN1 and routing inspection unit, the CAN3 of monitoring unit and communication unit links to each other and communicates, transmitting control commands and receive related data and information from routing inspection unit, monitoring unit and communication unit.
7. a kind of fuel cell for communication standby power supply device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: routing inspection unit is made of signal conditioning circuit 2, A/D sampling module 2, microcontroller 2, communication module 2, CAN2 module; The input of signal conditioning circuit 2 links to each other by all monolithic battery positive and negative terminals of data wire and fuel battery stack module, and the output of signal conditioning circuit 2 links to each other with A/D sampling unit 2; Microcontroller 2 sends to host computer with the communication module 2 of all monolithic battery magnitudes of voltage by routing inspection unit, by CAN2 important relevant monolithic voltage value is sent to ECU (Electrical Control Unit), monitoring unit, communication unit.
8. a kind of fuel cell for communication standby power supply device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: monitoring unit is made of LCD, microcontroller 3, sound and light alarm and indicator light circuit, button, CAN3 module; Communicate by letter with ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit and communication unit by CAN3; LCD shows the various parameters and the state of hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing unit, cell of fuel cell, DC/DC unit, output unit, and the command word of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit and communication unit, shows the various diagnostic trouble code of this system in addition; Sound and light alarm and indicator light circuit show system's normal operating conditions, carry out sound and light alarm under nonserviceabling; By pressing corresponding button, operating personnel are provided with the cell of fuel cell relevant parameter and check, or its operating state is operated accordingly and controlled.
9. a kind of fuel cell for communication standby power supply device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: communication unit is made of microcontroller 4, GPRS module, Ethernet module, communication module 1 module and CAN4 module; Communicate by letter with ECU (Electrical Control Unit), routing inspection unit and monitoring unit by CAN4; GPRS module and remote monitoring center carry out radio communication, and Ethernet module and remote monitoring center carry out Ethernet or local area network (LAN) and link to each other and realize wire communication; Adopt communication module 1 with host computer communicate by letter, make things convenient for the staff to carry out automatic or manual debugging and control.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009200840403U CN201466785U (en) | 2009-03-09 | 2009-03-09 | Fuel-cell standby power supply device for communication |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009200840403U CN201466785U (en) | 2009-03-09 | 2009-03-09 | Fuel-cell standby power supply device for communication |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201466785U true CN201466785U (en) | 2010-05-12 |
Family
ID=42394132
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009200840403U Expired - Fee Related CN201466785U (en) | 2009-03-09 | 2009-03-09 | Fuel-cell standby power supply device for communication |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201466785U (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102324794A (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2012-01-18 | 江苏中靖新能源科技有限公司 | Miniature generator using hydrogen production agent and portable high-molecular fuel cell |
| CN102437598A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-05-02 | 宁波拜特测控技术有限公司 | Battery voltage and temperature sampling device |
| CN102870261A (en) * | 2010-06-16 | 2013-01-09 | 苹果公司 | Fuel cell powered portable computing device |
| CN103296742A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-09-11 | 天津大学 | Solar energy-hydrogen energy hybrid power driving device capable of achieving automatic control |
| CN104062959A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-09-24 | 昆山弗尔赛能源有限公司 | WI-FI Direct based fuel cell wireless control system |
| CN104238601A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-12-24 | 李然 | Air cooling type hydrogen fuel stand-by power monitoring system |
| CN104681829A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-06-03 | 陕西荣基实业有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell for communication base station |
| CN105579921A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2016-05-11 | 弗罗纽斯国际有限公司 | System, device and method for providing relevant device information data for an energy device |
| CN106712063A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-05-24 | 北京东方华氢科技有限公司 | Electric power supply system and control method thereof |
| CN106848347A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-06-13 | 北京东方华氢科技有限公司 | A kind of electric power system and the control method of supply of electric power |
| CN110601344A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-20 | 北京航天发射技术研究所 | Fuel cell energy management system for base station standby power supply |
-
2009
- 2009-03-09 CN CN2009200840403U patent/CN201466785U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102870261A (en) * | 2010-06-16 | 2013-01-09 | 苹果公司 | Fuel cell powered portable computing device |
| US10790561B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2020-09-29 | Apple Inc. | Portable computing device for external fuel cell control |
| US9917340B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2018-03-13 | Apple Inc. | Fuel cell system to power a portable computing device |
| CN102324794A (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2012-01-18 | 江苏中靖新能源科技有限公司 | Miniature generator using hydrogen production agent and portable high-molecular fuel cell |
| CN102437598A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-05-02 | 宁波拜特测控技术有限公司 | Battery voltage and temperature sampling device |
| CN103296742A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-09-11 | 天津大学 | Solar energy-hydrogen energy hybrid power driving device capable of achieving automatic control |
| CN105579921B (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2019-09-24 | 弗罗纽斯国际有限公司 | Energy device |
| CN105579921A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2016-05-11 | 弗罗纽斯国际有限公司 | System, device and method for providing relevant device information data for an energy device |
| CN104681829A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-06-03 | 陕西荣基实业有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell for communication base station |
| CN104238601A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-12-24 | 李然 | Air cooling type hydrogen fuel stand-by power monitoring system |
| CN104062959A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-09-24 | 昆山弗尔赛能源有限公司 | WI-FI Direct based fuel cell wireless control system |
| CN106712063A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-05-24 | 北京东方华氢科技有限公司 | Electric power supply system and control method thereof |
| CN106848347A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-06-13 | 北京东方华氢科技有限公司 | A kind of electric power system and the control method of supply of electric power |
| CN106848347B (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2020-11-10 | 北京东方华氢科技有限公司 | Power supply system and power supply control method |
| CN110601344A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-20 | 北京航天发射技术研究所 | Fuel cell energy management system for base station standby power supply |
| CN110601344B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-11-09 | 北京航天发射技术研究所 | Fuel cell energy management system for base station standby power supply |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101505092B (en) | Standby electrical power system of fuel cell for communication | |
| CN201466785U (en) | Fuel-cell standby power supply device for communication | |
| CN102569854B (en) | Portable power supply system of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) | |
| CN102281025B (en) | Thermoelectric conversion automotive power supply system using waste heat from automobile exhaust and control method thereof | |
| CN103078362A (en) | Backup power system based on fuel cell for communication | |
| CN106787139A (en) | A kind of hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing backup power system of fuel cell for communication base station | |
| CN207218260U (en) | A kind of terminal energy supplying system | |
| CN204497336U (en) | Multikilowatt fuel cell lithium ion battery hybrid power device | |
| CN106981929A (en) | A kind of energy-conserving and environment-protective wireless remote monitoring system of electric substation communicated based on GPRS | |
| WO2021109278A1 (en) | Large proton exchange membrane fuel cell power station process system | |
| CN201821261U (en) | Backup power supply system based on fuel battery | |
| CN103248082A (en) | Fuel cell standby power supply system provided with hydrogen circulation device | |
| CN111082413A (en) | Urban community full-direct-current micro-grid and control system thereof | |
| CN202444020U (en) | Portable PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell) power supply system | |
| CN214411264U (en) | Fuel cell cogeneration intelligent system based on photovoltaic hydrogen production | |
| CN110762396A (en) | Intelligent gas pressure regulating box | |
| CN209131752U (en) | A kind of wired cooperative system of gas meter, flow meter and warning device | |
| CN110208710A (en) | A kind of detection method and system of fuel battery engines transient response performance | |
| CN205636917U (en) | Intelligent water supply control system | |
| CN207765545U (en) | A kind of backup type hydrogen-fueled system | |
| CN205959404U (en) | Interim pressure regulating sled data acquisition monitoring system | |
| CN209642396U (en) | People's air-defence warning's high power intelligent power supply device | |
| CN115880865A (en) | Gas alarm linkage method and linkage system | |
| CN215378801U (en) | Power generation and supply system based on gas pressure difference and light energy | |
| CN205725159U (en) | A kind of high-voltage large-capacity electricity adapting to electrical power demand heats heat accumulation regulation device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20100512 Termination date: 20130309 |