CN210894050U - Material surface icing strength on-line measuring device and icing process real-time monitoring system - Google Patents
Material surface icing strength on-line measuring device and icing process real-time monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210894050U CN210894050U CN201921510420.9U CN201921510420U CN210894050U CN 210894050 U CN210894050 U CN 210894050U CN 201921510420 U CN201921510420 U CN 201921510420U CN 210894050 U CN210894050 U CN 210894050U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an online measuring device of ice coating strength on material surface and real-time monitoring system of ice coating process, including centrifugal test module and data acquisition module, centrifugal test module includes from the fixed bolster, annular water-cooling box, sample revolving stage and the mould that covers ice that from the lower supreme arranging, is equipped with lift actuating mechanism on the fixed bolster, and annular water-cooling box is connected with lift actuating mechanism, still is equipped with step motor on the fixed bolster, and step motor's output shaft passes annular water-cooling box and sample revolving stage fixed connection; the data acquisition module comprises a metal shield, a vibration sensor and a controller for acquiring a rotating speed signal of the stepping motor and a signal of the vibration sensor; the utility model discloses except that can the different material surface icing adhesion intensity of accurate measurement, can also analyze temperature, humidity, raindrop size, raindrop striking speed, wind temperature to the influence of the sample surface water drop icing time that awaits measuring, ice layer thickness, ice adhesion intensity and ice-melt energy consumption, provide the guidance for the research and development of preventing icing material.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an icing material (coating) research and development field technical field prevents, specifically is material surface icing intensity on-line measuring device and icing process real time monitoring system.
Background
The ice coating brings inconvenience to the production and the life of people. If the southern China suffers from a large-scale ice and snow disaster with rare history in 2008, the power grid is paralyzed, the transportation is interrupted, the crops are harvested absolutely, and the direct economic loss exceeds 1500 hundred million. Therefore, the research of ice coating prevention materials (coatings) has become a focus of attention of researchers in china, the united states, canada, and the like, who often suffer from ice coating damage. The existing icing test is mostly designed for observing the icing conditions of insulators, wires and various roads of the power transmission line. Since the discovery of the self-cleaning effect of lotus leaves, superhydrophobic materials are widely used in the field of ice coating prevention by virtue of their excellent hydrophobic properties. However, in recent years, it has been considered that the super-hydrophobic materials do not all have good anti-icing performance. Micro (nano) scale roughness brings more heterogeneous nucleation sites, which results in that the super-hydrophobic material is more likely to freeze than the smooth material, and if the liquid drops freeze into ice, the liquid drops and the micro (nano) scale roughness on the surface are locked together due to mechanical force, which is quite unfavorable for the falling of the ice layer. Therefore, it is necessary to study the effect of the fine structure on the ice-covering resistance of the surface of the superhydrophobic material.
The adhesion strength of ice on the surface of the material is an important index in the research of the anti-icing material. The method for measuring the ice adhesion strength on the surface of the material comprises a push-pull force method and a centrifugal force method, so that at present, a unified standard is lacked at home and abroad, and test platforms are mostly developed by self. The experimental conditions and the testing means are not standard and uniform. For example, in the patent "a measuring device for measuring the adhesion force of ice coating on the surface of a material" (application number: CN 108195757A), the ice coating adhesion strength is measured on line by a push-pull method, but the control mode, range and precision of the temperature and humidity in a climatic chamber are not mentioned, and the ice adhesion strength is extremely sensitive to the environmental temperature and humidity and generates larger deviation if not controlled. In the patent of an ice coating die and a device for measuring ice coating shearing force by using the same (publication number: CN103755106A), an electronic tensile testing machine is used for measuring the adhesion shearing force between ice and materials, the ice coating die needs to be taken out of a test box and then installed on the electronic tensile testing machine, the process is complicated, and the ice adhesion strength cannot be directly measured. It is emphasized that when the test procedure is off-line, the ice layer may have been partially ablated when the ice mold is removed from the ice environment, so that the measured data is distorted. In the patent "method and device for testing ice adhesion normal force" (CN 109765175), an air pump is used to inflate air into a closed air box at a constant speed until ice is separated from the surface of a test piece to be tested, and the ice adhesion normal force is converted by using the air pressure. In the patent "a device for testing the adhesion strength between the surface of a medium of an electric power equipment and ice coating/snow" (publication No. CN 108956452A), the ice adhesion strength is measured by using the centrifugal force generated by a centrifugal servo motor, an ice coating climate chamber is additionally arranged, but how to determine the rotating speed at the moment of ice falling is not disclosed in detail.
In order to facilitate the research and development of the super-hydrophobic anti-icing material, the influence of temperature, humidity, raindrop size, raindrop impact speed, wind speed and wind temperature on the icing time of water drops on the surface of a sample to be detected, ice layer thickness, ice adhesion strength and ice melting energy consumption needs to be analyzed on line, and then the relation between the super-hydrophobic surface fine structure and the anti-icing performance is analyzed.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a material surface icing intensity on-line measuring device and icing process real time monitoring system is provided in order to solve above-mentioned current icing intensity testing arrangement and not go on line, the problem of test data distortion.
The utility model has the following concrete scheme: the material surface icing strength on-line measuring device is characterized in that: the device comprises a centrifugal test module and a data acquisition module, wherein the centrifugal test module comprises a fixed support, an annular water cooling box, a sample turntable and an ice coating die which are arranged from bottom to top, a lifting driving mechanism and a guide rod are arranged on the fixed support, a guide sleeve matched with the guide rod is arranged on the annular water cooling box, the annular water cooling box is connected with the lifting driving mechanism, a stepping motor is further arranged on the fixed support, an output shaft of the stepping motor penetrates through the annular water cooling box to be fixedly connected with the sample turntable, the sample turntable comprises a lower heat conducting plate, a semiconductor refrigerating sheet and an upper heat conducting plate which are sequentially and fixedly connected from bottom to top, two elastic conductive contacts connected with the semiconductor refrigerating sheet are arranged on the lower heat conducting plate, two clamping grooves used for fixing a sample to be tested are symmetrically arranged at the top of the upper heat conducting plate along the axial direction, the ice coating die is placed, the side wall is provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the top of the annular water cooling box is symmetrically provided with two arc-shaped grooves, each arc-shaped groove is internally provided with an arc-shaped electric conductor, and when the annular water cooling box ascends, the two arc-shaped electric conductors respectively contact two elastic conductive contacts to electrify the semiconductor refrigerating sheet to work; the data acquisition module comprises a metal shield with the diameter slightly larger than the sample turntable, a vibration sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the metal shield, and the data acquisition module further comprises a controller for acquiring a rotating speed signal of the stepping motor and a signal of the vibration sensor.
Preferably, the lifting driving mechanism comprises two driving motors, a screw is installed at the output end of each driving motor, a nut matched with the screw is fixedly installed on the annular water cooling box, and the two driving motors are started synchronously to realize lifting movement of the annular water cooling box.
Preferably, the ice coating die comprises a convex sleeve, a sponge is fixedly arranged in an inner cavity at the bottom of the convex sleeve, the distance between the bottom end of the sponge and the bottom end of the convex sleeve is 0.5-2mm, and the diameter of the sleeve can be selected in various ways according to requirements.
Preferably, a micro power meter is arranged on a control loop of the semiconductor refrigerating chip and used for measuring the energy consumption of icing or deicing.
Preferably, the ice coating strength on-line measuring device further comprises a closed test box, the centrifugal test module is placed in the test box, and the test box has a temperature and humidity adjusting function.
The real-time monitoring system for the icing process of the material surface comprises a closed test box, wherein the online icing strength measuring device is arranged in the test box, the measuring device does not comprise an icing mold and a metal protective cover, a metal inclined table is placed at the top of a sample rotating table of the measuring device, a sample to be measured can be fixed on an inclined plane of the metal inclined table, a raindrop simulation module is arranged above the measuring device in the test box, a high-speed camera image acquisition module is arranged on one side of the test box, a lens of the high-speed camera image acquisition module is aligned to the sample to be measured and the metal inclined table, and a high-brightness cold light source is arranged on the other side, opposite to the.
Preferably, a wind speed and wind temperature simulation module is further mounted in the test box and comprises a rectangular fin shell with two open ends, a plurality of semiconductor refrigeration pieces are mounted on the outer wall of the fin shell, a long water cooling box is mounted at the outer end of each semiconductor refrigeration piece, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged on each long water cooling box, a fan is mounted at one end of the fin shell, an air draft cover is mounted on the outer side of the fan, an air draft pipe is mounted at the outer end of the air draft cover, and the tail end of the air draft pipe faces towards the metal inclined table.
Preferably, a thermosensitive wind speed tester is arranged at the air outlet of the induced draft pipe and is connected with the controller.
Preferably, the raindrop simulation module comprises a height-adjustable infusion bottle, an infusion tube is arranged at the bottom of the infusion bottle, a flow control valve is arranged on the infusion tube, the raindrop simulation module further comprises a support arranged above the metal inclined table, and a needle head connected with the infusion tube is arranged on the support.
The working principle of the utility model is as follows:
the operation steps and the principle of the online ice coating strength test are as follows: firstly, setting the temperature and humidity in a test box, symmetrically fixing a sample to be tested in clamping grooves at two sides of a sample rotary table, symmetrically placing two ice-coated molds (convex sleeves) on the surface of the sample to be tested, injecting quantitative water from the top of the convex sleeve by using an injector to fill the lower part of the convex sleeve with water and prevent the water from overflowing by being sucked by sponge, covering a metal shield, starting a driving motor to enable an annular water-cooling box to ascend to enable two arc-shaped electric conductors to contact with two elastic conductive contacts, starting a semiconductor refrigerating sheet to refrigerate, enabling the upper end of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet to be a low-temperature end and the lower end of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet to be a hot end, enabling the hot end to be in contact with the annular water-cooling box to take away heat by circulating cooling water, descending the annular water-cooling box and starting a stepping motor after the water in the ice-coated molds is completely frozen, gradually increasing the rotating speed of the stepping motor, when the ice coating die is separated from the surface of the sample to be detected under the action of centrifugal force and impacts the inner wall of the metal shield, the vibration sensor receives a vibration signal, the program automatically records the rotating speed of the stepping motor at the moment, and the ice adhesion strength on the surface of the sample to be detected can be calculated according to the total mass, the contact area, the rotating radius and the rotating speed during separation of the ice coating die.
The working principle of monitoring the icing process in real time is as follows: placing a metal inclined table on a sample rotary table, and adhering a sample to be detected on the metal inclined table by using heat-conducting silicone grease; and then adjusting the temperature and humidity of the test box according to the purpose of the experiment, adjusting the size and speed of raindrops of the raindrop simulation module, adjusting the wind speed and wind temperature blown out by the wind speed and wind temperature simulation module, starting a high-brightness cold light source, and acquiring a real-time picture of water drops impacting the surface of the sample through a high-speed camera image. The size of the raindrops is read by a standard scale, and the impact speed of the raindrops is calculated by means of raindrop displacement in two adjacent frames of pictures shot by a high-speed camera.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has: 1. the traditional icing adhesion strength measuring device usually ignores the influence of the ambient temperature and humidity, and the device of the utility model can be placed in the temperature of a high-low temperature damp-heat test box with the accurately adjustable temperature and humidity, so as to realize the online measurement of the icing adhesion strength and ensure the accuracy of the test result; 2. the key of measuring ice adhesion strength by a centrifugal force method is measuring the instant rotating speed of ice (column) when the ice (column) is separated from the surface of a sample, and the instant rotating speed of a stepping motor is recorded by a vibration sensor to convert and calculate the ice coating strength when the ice coating mould is separated from the surface of the sample to be measured, so that the ice coating strength measuring device is easier to realize and simpler in structure compared with the conventional measuring device; 3. the ice coating mould ensures that the gravity center is lower for the convex sleeve, reduces the influence of additional bending moment in the high-speed rotation process, fills the water absorption sponge in the lower end, and the sponge is closer to the sample to be measured but not in direct contact, thereby not only ensuring that the injected water does not leak from the bottom of the ice coating mould, but also ensuring that the water is completely contacted with the sample to be measured after being frozen; 4. the utility model is provided with the refrigeration piece inside the sample turntable, which can refrigerate and heat, can simulate the icing process on the surface of the material under the condition of extremely low temperature, and can obtain the icing and ice melting energy consumption of different materials through the micro power energy meter; 5. with the help of high-speed camera image acquisition, the utility model discloses a real-time online analysis temperature, humidity, raindrop size, raindrop striking speed, wind temperature are to the influence of the sample surface water drop icing time that awaits measuring, ice layer thickness, ice adhesion strength and ice-melt energy consumption, provide the guidance for preventing icing material research and development.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the centrifugal test module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the ice coating mold of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a perspective view of the wind speed and wind temperature simulation module of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the real-time monitoring system for the ice coating process of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a comparison of the freezing time of the static water drops on the surface of the material with different wettability according to the embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 10 is a comparison of the experiment of dynamic freezing of water drops on the surface of materials with different wettability according to the embodiment of the present invention
In the figure: 1-computer, 2-test box, 3-measuring device, 31-fixed support, 32-screw, 33-arc conductor, 34-sample turntable, 341-upper heat conducting plate, 342-semiconductor refrigerating plate, 343-lower heat conducting plate, 35-metal shield, 36-vibration sensor, 37-icing mould, 371-convex sleeve, 372-sponge, 38-clamping groove, 39-elastic conductive contact, 310-annular water cooling box, 311-water inlet, 312-water outlet, 313-guide rod, 314-driving motor, 315-stepping motor, 316-output shaft, 317-guide sleeve, 4-cold light source, 5-raindrop simulation module, 6-controller, 7-heat preservation box, 8-high-speed camera image acquisition module, 9-wind speed and wind temperature simulation module, 91-fin shell, 92-water cooling box, 93-semiconductor refrigeration piece, 94-fan, 95-induced draft cover, 10-induced duct and 11-metal inclined platform.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", and the like indicate the directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the directions or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are usually placed when in use, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element to which the terms refer must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus, should not be interpreted as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1-5, the device for online measurement of ice coating strength on material surface of this embodiment includes a centrifugal test module and a data acquisition module, the centrifugal test module includes a fixed support 31, an annular water-cooling box 310, a sample turntable 34 and an ice coating mold 37, the fixed support 31 is provided with a lifting driving mechanism and a guide rod 313, the annular water-cooling box 310 is provided with a guide sleeve 317 matched with the guide rod 313, the annular water-cooling box 310 is connected with the lifting driving mechanism, the fixed support 31 is further provided with a stepping motor 315, an output shaft 316 of the stepping motor 315 passes through the annular water-cooling box 310 and is fixedly connected with the sample turntable 34, the sample turntable 34 includes a lower heat conducting plate 343, a semiconductor chilling plate 342 and an upper heat conducting plate 341, the lower heat conducting plate 343 is provided with two elastic conductive contacts 39 connected with the semiconductor chilling plate 342, the top of the upper heat conducting plate 341 is axially and symmetrically provided with two slots 38 for fixing a sample to be measured, the ice coating mold 37 is placed on the surface of a sample to be detected, the annular water cooling box 310 is of a hollow structure, a water inlet pipe 311 and a water outlet pipe 312 are arranged on the side wall, two arc-shaped grooves are symmetrically arranged at the top of the annular water cooling box 310, an arc-shaped electric conductor 33 is arranged in each arc-shaped groove, when the annular water cooling box 310 ascends, the two arc-shaped electric conductors 33 respectively contact two elastic conductive contacts 39 to enable the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 342 to be electrified for work (refrigeration or heating is switched in the forward direction by adjusting the wiring, the upper end is a cold end to freeze water in the ice coating mold 37 when the forward direction is electrified, and the upper end is a hot end to melt ice in the ice coating mold 37 when the reverse; the data acquisition module comprises a metal shield 35 with the diameter slightly larger than that of the sample rotary table 34, a vibration sensor 36 is arranged on the outer wall of the metal shield 35, the data acquisition module further comprises a controller 6 for acquiring a rotating speed signal of the stepping motor 315 and a signal of the vibration sensor 36, and the controller transmits the acquired data to the computer 1 for storage.
The lifting driving mechanism comprises two driving motors 314, a screw 32 is arranged at the output end of each driving motor 314, a nut matched with the screw 32 is fixedly arranged on the annular water cooling box 310, and the two driving motors 314 are synchronously started to realize the lifting movement of the annular water cooling box 310.
Referring to fig. 5, the ice-coating mold 37 includes a convex sleeve 371, a sponge 372 is fixedly installed in an inner cavity of the bottom of the convex sleeve 371, and the distance between the bottom end of the sponge 372 and the bottom end of the convex sleeve 371 is 1 mm.
Referring to fig. 8, a micro power meter is installed on a control loop of the semiconductor chilling plate 342 to measure the energy consumption of icing or de-icing.
Referring to fig. 8, the ice coating strength on-line measuring device 3 further includes a closed test box 2, the centrifugal test module is placed in the test box 2, and the test box 2 is further provided with an ambient temperature and humidity adjusting device (in this embodiment, the test box is of a forest frequency LRHS-225B-LS type, the temperature control range is-40 ℃ below zero to 150 ℃, the temperature control precision is ± 0.1 ℃, the humidity control range is 20-98% r.h, and the precision is 1% r.h), so that the ice coating adhesion strength of the sample material can be conveniently tested under the conditions of different ambient temperatures and humidities.
In the process of carrying out an icing adhesion strength test experiment, whether the icicle completely breaks away from the sample or not needs to be observed every time, if the icicle is found to be broken, the adhesion strength is larger than the icicle strength, the experimental data is inaccurate, and the icing mold 37 with the larger diameter needs to be replaced to carry out the experiment again until the icicle integrally breaks away from the sample.
Referring to fig. 6-8, the real-time monitoring system for the ice coating process on the material surface of the embodiment includes a closed test box 2, the on-line ice coating strength measuring device 3 is installed in the test box 2, the metal shield 35 and the ice coating mold 37 are removed, a metal inclined table 11 is installed at the top of a sample rotating table 34 of the measuring device 3, a sample to be measured can be fixed on an inclined plane of the metal inclined table 11, a raindrop simulation module 5 is installed above the measuring device 3 in the test box 2, a high-speed camera image acquisition module 8 is installed at one side of the test box 2, a lens of the high-speed camera image acquisition module 8 is aligned with the sample to be measured and the metal inclined table 11, a high-brightness cold light source 4 is arranged at the other side opposite to the high-speed camera image acquisition module 8 in the test box 2, the high-speed camera image acquisition module 8 is wrapped in a heat preservation box 7, high-transparency glass is installed at the position.
Still be equipped with wind speed wind temperature simulation module 9 in the proof box 2, wind speed wind temperature simulation module 9 includes both ends open-ended rectangle fin casing 91, and a plurality of semiconductor refrigeration pieces 93 are equipped with to fin casing 91 outer wall, and the long water-cooling box 92 is equipped with to semiconductor refrigeration piece 93 outer end, is equipped with inlet tube and outlet pipe on every long water-cooling box 92, and fan 94 is equipped with to fin casing 91 one end, and the induced air cover 95 is equipped with to the fan 94 outside, and an induced duct 10 is equipped with to induced air cover 95 outer end, and the terminal orientation of induced duct 10 metal sloping platform 11.
And a thermosensitive wind speed tester is arranged at the air outlet of the induced draft pipe 10 and is connected with the controller 6.
The raindrop simulation module 5 comprises an infusion bottle with adjustable height, an infusion tube is arranged at the bottom of the infusion bottle, a flow control valve is arranged on the infusion tube, the raindrop simulation module 5 further comprises a support arranged above the metal inclined table 11, and a needle head connected with the infusion tube is arranged on the support.
In this embodiment, heat-conducting silicone grease is adhered between the hot ends of all the semiconductor cooling fins and the water-cooling box and between the cold ends of all the semiconductor cooling fins and the heat-dissipating fins.
Example two
Comparison of icing time of static water drops on surfaces of materials with different wettability
In this example, the on-line real-time detection system in the first embodiment is used to comparatively analyze the static icing process of surface water drops of a hydrophilic sample (CA =80 °), a hydrophobic sample (CA =140 °), and a super-hydrophobic sample (CA =160 °). Before the experiment, a sample is fixed on a clamping groove 38 of a sample turntable, and then a drop of water with the volume of about 10 mu L is dripped on the surface of the sample to be tested by a needle. The temperature in the test chamber 2 was set to 0 ℃, the relative humidity 65%, and the temperature of the sample turntable 34 was set to 5 ℃ below zero. At the beginning stage, the water drops are transparent when standing, the temperature of the water drops begins to decrease along with the time, and once the water drops are frozen, the water drops become turbid and are no longer transparent. Due to the apparent density difference of water in the liquid-solid two phases, when the liquid drop is completely frozen, the liquid drop has obvious volume change, which is reflected by the sudden sharpening of the top of the liquid drop. Referring to fig. 9, the water droplets on the surface of the hydrophilic sample are completely frozen in 19 seconds; the water drops on the surface of the hydrophobic material sample begin to freeze within 2 minutes and 32 seconds, and the time for completely freezing is 2 minutes and 59 seconds; under the same condition, the water drops on the surface of the super-hydrophobic material begin to ice until 8 minutes and 08 seconds later, and 8 minutes and 42 seconds are needed for complete icing. The experiment fully shows that the super-hydrophobic surface has better standing water drop icing resistance.
EXAMPLE III
Comparison of energy consumption for melting ice on surface of material with different wettability
The ice melting energy consumption of frozen surface standing water drops of a hydrophilic sample (CA =80 ℃), a hydrophobic sample (CA =140 ℃) and a super-hydrophobic sample (CA =160 ℃) is analyzed in comparison. The static water drop freezing process is performed according to the second example, and then the semiconductor refrigeration piece 342 in the sample turntable 34 is reversely electrified to heat the ice ball (the upper end is a hot end and the lower end is a cold end), and the time and energy consumption required by the ice melting process are recorded. Each experiment was repeated three times to average. As shown in the table below, for the hydrophilic samples, the average elapsed time was 27s, and the average power consumption was 0.028 Wh; for the hydrophobic samples, the average elapsed time was 56s, and the average power consumption was 0.049 Wh; for the superhydrophobic samples, the average time consumed was 65s and the average power consumption was 0.051 Wh. Just because the air layer existing on the surface of the super-hydrophobic sample hinders the heat transfer, the icing time of the standing water drops in the second embodiment is greatly prolonged. The existence of the air layer can also prevent the heat of the substrate in the ice melting stage from being transferred to the direction of ice particles, so that the average time consumption and the average energy consumption are increased.
Example four
Comparison of water drop dynamic icing experiments on surfaces of materials with different wettability
This example comparatively analyzes the dynamic water drop icing process on the surfaces of a hydrophilic sample (CA =80 °), a hydrophobic sample (CA =140 °), and a superhydrophobic sample (CA =160 °), i.e. the ice-water mixture at 0 ℃ is continuously added to the inclined sample surface through the needle tube. Before the experiment, the metal inclined table 11 with the inclination angle of 30 degrees is fixed on the sample rotary table 34, and heat-conducting silicone grease is coated on each contact part. The ambient temperature in the test chamber 2 was set at 5 ℃ below zero, the relative humidity was 65%, and the temperature of the sample turntable 34 was set at 10 ℃ below zero. And then controlling the opening of the valve to adjust the frequency of water drops dripped on the surface of the sample. As a result, as shown in fig. 10, the water droplets were adsorbed on the surface of the hydrophilic material after dropping on the surface of the sample, and the water droplets accumulated on the surface became larger in volume as they continued to drop, and the upper layer was deformed by gravity and flowed downward. After 160 seconds, the lower layer water drops begin to freeze and gradually expand upwards until the surface of the hydrophilic sample is completely covered by ice after 340 seconds; for the hydrophobic samples, the dynamic water droplet freezing process was similar to the hydrophilic samples, except that there was a slight difference in the onset time of freezing and the time of complete ice coverage, 268 seconds and 578 seconds, respectively; for the super-hydrophobic material, the dynamic icing processes of water drops are completely different, the first water drop can quickly bounce off after falling on the surface and then roll to the untreated copper sheet, and the subsequent water drops continuously roll until the water drops begin to ice and extend upwards, and the water drops are completely covered by ice for 1200 seconds. If the entire test surface is completely superhydrophobic, the complete icing time of the test surface can be further extended.
Claims (9)
1. The material surface icing strength on-line measuring device is characterized in that: the device comprises a centrifugal test module and a data acquisition module, wherein the centrifugal test module comprises a fixed support, an annular water cooling box, a sample turntable and an ice coating die which are arranged from bottom to top, a lifting driving mechanism and a guide rod are arranged on the fixed support, a guide sleeve matched with the guide rod is arranged on the annular water cooling box, the annular water cooling box is connected with the lifting driving mechanism, a stepping motor is further arranged on the fixed support, an output shaft of the stepping motor penetrates through the annular water cooling box to be fixedly connected with the sample turntable, the sample turntable comprises a lower heat conducting plate, a semiconductor refrigerating sheet and an upper heat conducting plate which are sequentially and fixedly connected from bottom to top, two elastic conductive contacts connected with the semiconductor refrigerating sheet are arranged on the lower heat conducting plate, two clamping grooves used for fixing a sample to be tested are symmetrically arranged at the top of the upper heat conducting plate along the axial direction, the ice coating die is placed, the side wall is provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the top of the annular water cooling box is symmetrically provided with two arc-shaped grooves, each arc-shaped groove is internally provided with an arc-shaped electric conductor, and when the annular water cooling box ascends, the two arc-shaped electric conductors respectively contact two elastic conductive contacts to electrify the semiconductor refrigerating sheet to work; the data acquisition module comprises a metal shield with the diameter slightly larger than the sample turntable, a vibration sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the metal shield, and the data acquisition module further comprises a controller for acquiring a rotating speed signal of the stepping motor and a signal of the vibration sensor.
2. The on-line measuring device for the ice coating strength on the surface of the material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lifting driving mechanism comprises two driving motors, a screw rod is installed at the output end of each driving motor, a nut matched with the screw rod is fixedly installed on the annular water cooling box, and the two driving motors are synchronously started to realize lifting movement of the annular water cooling box.
3. The on-line measuring device for the ice coating strength on the surface of the material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ice coating die comprises a convex sleeve, a piece of sponge is fixedly arranged in an inner cavity at the bottom of the convex sleeve, and the distance between the bottom end of the sponge and the bottom end of the convex sleeve is 0.5-2 mm.
4. The on-line measuring device for the ice coating strength on the surface of the material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a micro power meter is arranged on a control loop of the semiconductor refrigerating chip and used for measuring the energy consumption of icing or deicing.
5. The on-line measuring device for the ice coating strength on the surface of the material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the device for measuring the ice coating strength on line further comprises a closed test box, wherein the centrifugal test module is placed in the test box, and the test box has a temperature and humidity adjusting function.
6. The real-time monitoring system for the icing process on the surface of the material is characterized in that: the device comprises a closed test box, the test box is internally provided with the measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the measuring device does not comprise an icing mold and a metal shield, a metal inclined table is placed at the top of a sample rotating table of the measuring device, a sample to be measured can be fixed on the inclined plane of the metal inclined table, a raindrop simulation module is arranged above the measuring device in the test box, a high-speed camera image acquisition module is arranged on one side of the test box, and a lens of the high-speed camera image acquisition module is aligned with the sample to be measured and the metal inclined table.
7. The system for real-time monitoring of the icing process on the surface of the material as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the wind speed and wind temperature simulation module is further mounted in the test box and comprises rectangular fin shells with openings at two ends, a plurality of semiconductor refrigeration pieces are mounted on the outer walls of the fin shells, a long water cooling box is mounted at the outer ends of the semiconductor refrigeration pieces, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged on each long water cooling box, a fan is mounted at one end of each fin shell, an induced draft cover is mounted on the outer side of the fan, an induced draft pipe is mounted at the outer end of the induced draft cover, and the tail end of the induced draft pipe faces the metal inclined table.
8. The system for real-time monitoring of the icing process on the surface of the material as claimed in claim 7, wherein: and a thermosensitive wind speed tester is arranged at the air outlet of the induced draft pipe and is connected with the controller.
9. The system for real-time monitoring of the icing process on the surface of the material as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the raindrop simulation module comprises an infusion bottle with adjustable height, an infusion tube is arranged at the bottom of the infusion bottle, a flow control valve is arranged on the infusion tube, the raindrop simulation module further comprises a support arranged above the metal inclined table, and a needle head connected with the infusion tube is arranged on the support.
Priority Applications (1)
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110470595A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-19 | 湖北理工学院 | Material surface icing intensity on-line measurement device and icing process real-time monitoring system |
| CN111982753A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-11-24 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Method and system for detecting water drainage capacity of heat exchanger fin |
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2019
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110470595A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-19 | 湖北理工学院 | Material surface icing intensity on-line measurement device and icing process real-time monitoring system |
| CN111982753A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-11-24 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Method and system for detecting water drainage capacity of heat exchanger fin |
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