CN210893964U - A shearing instrument loading device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a shearing instrument loading device, comprising: a reaction force plate, which is arranged on the top of a reaction force frame; a loading system, wherein the loading system includes a hydraulic jack, and the bottom of the hydraulic jack is connected to a constant stiffness compression spring through a constant stiffness compression spring. The reaction force plate is connected; the loading plate is used for applying normal load to the shear box of the shearing instrument, and the piston rod of the hydraulic jack exerts pressure on the loading plate. The pressure can be applied to the shear box under the condition of maintaining constant stiffness, and the pressure of the rock and soil mass on the structure can be accurately simulated, which belongs to the actual situation of applying force under the condition of constant stiffness, so that the simulation of the actual situation in the laboratory test is more objective. law.

Description

A shearing instrument loading device

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of indoor experiments of civil engineering, in particular to a shearing instrument loading device.

Background technique

With the continuous expansion of the number and scale of construction projects in my country, as well as the increasing number of in-service engineering projects that need to be maintained, my country's construction technicians encounter more and more special geological conditions and complex construction environments. In response to increasingly complex conditions, scientific researchers and technicians need to propose more realistic design and calculation methods. At this time, it is necessary to explore the essence of engineering problems through laboratory experiments. To carry out geotechnical experiments, it is necessary to simulate the actual situation first. Because the pressure exerted by the rock and soil mass on the structure is not stable in the actual environment, the traditional constant pressure application device cannot accurately simulate the effect of the rock and soil mass on the structure. Therefore, the calculation method obtained by the indoor test does not conform to the objective law.

Utility model content

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is at least to provide a loading device under constant stiffness conditions that is clear in structure, simple in operation, convenient and practical, and can be directly combined with the existing indoor test device. The device can better simulate the pressure of the actual rock and soil mass on the structure, can effectively improve the accuracy of the experiment, and provide a strong guarantee for the calculation method proposed according to the experiment.

In order to achieve the above object and other related objects, an embodiment of the present invention provides a shearing instrument loading device.

In one embodiment, the shearing apparatus loading device comprises:

A reaction force plate, which is arranged on the top of the reaction force frame;

a loading system, the loading system includes a hydraulic jack, and the bottom of the hydraulic jack is connected to the reaction force plate through a constant stiffness compression spring;

A loading plate to apply a normal load to the shear box of the shear to which the piston rod of the hydraulic jack applies pressure.

The bottom of the hydraulic jack is provided with a loading device fixing plate, and the constant stiffness compression spring is connected with the loading device fixing plate. By setting the constant stiffness compression spring on the fixing plate of the loading device, the contact area of the setting spring can be increased.

The loading device fixing plate is detachably connected to the bottom of the hydraulic jack. The reaction force plate, the spring and the fixing plate of the loading device work together to maintain the constant stiffness. Through the detachable method, the relevant parts can be reused, and can be replaced in time after damage, and can be carried out according to the experimental design requirements and target load. Force and many other factors, as well as the actual rock and soil environment, adjust the applied stiffness to ensure the true simulation of the actual environment by the experiment, improve the accuracy of the experimental results, and make the calculation method obtained through the experiment more realistic and reliable. , which can more perfectly reflect the mechanical properties in practical engineering.

The constant stiffness compression springs are at least three, and the constant stiffness compression springs are evenly arranged along the plane where the reaction force plate is located.

The length of the constant stiffness compression spring is 10-15 cm, which can ensure that the loading device is in a constant stiffness condition while maintaining the structure stability.

A pressure sensor for measuring the normal load value is arranged between the piston rod and the loading plate, and automatic data collection and recording of the pressure value can be performed in real time.

The end of the piston rod is provided with a snap groove, one end surface of the pressure sensor is provided with a protruding portion matched with the snap groove, and the other end surface of the pressure sensor is in horizontal contact with the top surface of the loading plate, The pressure sensor can be placed to slide out.

A displacement sensor for measuring the relative displacement between the reaction force plate and the loading plate is arranged between the reaction force plate and the loading plate, and automatic data collection and recording of displacement values can be performed in real time.

The loading system includes a control device for controlling the force applied by the hydraulic jack.

The shearing instrument loading device further includes a data acquisition and control device for collecting monitoring data and controlling the force applied by the loading device, and the data acquisition and control device is connected with the loading device, the pressure sensor and/or the displacement sensor, According to the design requirements, the required load can be applied through computer control. When the pressure acquisition device shows that the pressure reaches the target value, the numerical control loading device is locked, and the data acquisition system starts to record the experimental data.

In the above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the loading device is set inside the shearing instrument through the reaction force plate, and the reaction force plate and the loading device are connected by a constant stiffness compression spring, which can ensure that the loading device applies a load to the shear box. The constant stiffness is maintained when the shear box is maintained, and the normal load value applied to the shear box is controlled by the loading device, so that the shear box is always in contact with the shear box and exerts pressure under the condition of maintaining constant stiffness, which can accurately simulate the rock and soil mass. The pressure on the structure belongs to the actual situation of applying force under the condition of constant stiffness, so that the simulation of the actual situation in the indoor test is more in line with the objective law.

Description of drawings

1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a shearing instrument loading device in an embodiment of the present invention;

2 shows a top view of a pressure sensor in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 shows the bottom view of the piston rod in the embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the shearing apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention.

Component label description

1 Reaction plate

2 displacement sensor

3 Loading board

4 Bolt holes

5 Constant stiffness springs

6 Loader fixing plate

7 Hydraulic jacks

8 Pressure sensor

9 Piston rod

10 data transmission line

11 Reaction frame

12 Shears

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention are described below by specific embodiments, and those who are familiar with the technology can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those who are familiar with this technology, and are not used to limit the implementation of the present invention. Restricted conditions, it does not have technical substantive significance, any modification of structure, change of proportional relationship or adjustment of size, without affecting the effect that the present utility model can produce and the purpose that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the technical content disclosed by the utility model can be covered. At the same time, the terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description and clarity, and are not used to limit this specification. The applicable scope of the utility model and the change or adjustment of its relative relationship shall be regarded as the applicable scope of the present utility model without substantially changing the technical content.

In the description of the present utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly stipulated and limited, “setting” and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, Or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

The embodiments of the present application provide a shearing instrument loading device capable of maintaining loading under a condition of constant stiffness, including a constant stiffness maintaining system, a loading system and an automated data acquisition system.

As shown in Figure 1, the constant stiffness maintenance system includes a reaction force plate 1, a constant stiffness compression spring 5 fixed on the reaction force plate 1, and a loading device fixing plate 6; the loading system includes a hydraulic jack 7; the automatic data acquisition system includes a pressure sensor 8. Displacement sensor 2 and terminal equipment for collecting monitoring data.

Among them, the reaction force plate 1 is provided at the top end of the reaction force frame 11 . The reaction force plate 1 is provided with several bolt holes 4 , and the bolts passing through the bolt holes 4 can fasten the reaction force plate 1 on the reaction force frame 11 . One side of the reaction force plate 1 is welded with four uniformly distributed constant stiffness compression springs 5 , and the other end of the constant stiffness compression springs 5 is welded with the loading device fixing plate 6 .

The manner in which the reaction force plate 1 and the reaction force frame 11 are fixed may be detachable connection, including but not limited to screw connection, snap connection, or connection through a connector, etc., which are all within the protection scope of the present application. It can be understood that the situation where the reaction force plate 1 and the reaction force frame 11 are fixedly connected is also within the protection scope of the present application.

In addition, the number of the constant stiffness compression springs 5 can be set according to the simulated actual geological conditions, which can be one or more, which are all within the protection scope of the present application. The connection method between the constant stiffness compression spring 5 and the reaction force plate 1 and the loading device fixing plate 6 is not limited to welding, but as long as the fixed connection can be realized, the utility model creation can be realized, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.

The fixing plate 6 of the loading device and the base of the hydraulic jack 7 are fixedly connected by bolts. The hydraulic jack 7 is a commercially available jack and has a numerical control loading system, which can set the loading according to needs.

The automated data acquisition system includes a pressure sensor 8, a displacement sensor 2 and terminal equipment for collecting monitoring data. Among them, the pressure sensor 8 is arranged between the front end of the piston rod 9 and the loading plate 3: the pressure sensor 8 adopts a vibrating wire pressure sensor, and its main structure is in the shape of a disc, and one side of the pressure sensor 8 is provided with a matching ring-shaped slot. When installing the annular protruding part, place the annular protruding part of the pressure sensor in the annular groove. One side of the pressure sensor is in contact with the end surface of the loading plate, and the bottom surface of the loading plate is in contact with the top surface of the shear box provided in the shearing instrument. In use, the hydraulic jack piston rod 9 applies pressure to the top of the shear box through the pressure sensor 8 and the loading plate 3 . The setting of the pressure sensor can conveniently realize the monitoring of the pressure value; the design of the annular groove at the end of the piston rod and the annular protrusion of the pressure sensor can effectively prevent the pressure sensor from slipping out.

The pressure sensor 8 can be a vibrating wire pressure sensor, and one side of the pressure sensor has a data transmission line 10 drawn out.

It can be understood that the invention of the present invention can be realized in the case where the annular groove and the annular protrusion are not provided, and the groove and the protrusion adopt other shapes, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.

A displacement sensor 2 perpendicular to the reaction force plate 1 is provided between the reaction force plate 1 and the loading plate 3 , so as to measure the relative displacement between the reaction force plate 1 and the loading plate 3 . Displacement sensor 2 can choose LVDT rebound displacement sensor.

Both the pressure sensor 8 and the displacement sensor 2 are connected to a terminal device with a data acquisition module, and the terminal device can be various electronic devices with chips and display interfaces, including but not limited to personal computers, smart phones, smart TVs, tablet computers, etc. .

The shearing instrument 12 loading device provided in the embodiment of the present application can maintain constant stiffness, and the installation and use method thereof includes the following steps:

A. Determine the installation position of the reaction plate 1 according to the actual required pressurization plan, and install the reaction plate 1 through the positioning bolt holes 4 on the reaction plate 1;

B. According to the design requirements, select a spring with appropriate stiffness and install it in the lower part of the reaction plate 1 to provide stable stiffness conditions;

C. Install the loading system and the pressure sensor in the lower part of the constant stiffness maintenance system in turn, and install the displacement sensor between the reaction force plate 1 and the loading plate 3, and debug the loading system and the automatic data acquisition system;

D. According to the design requirements, the required load is applied through computer control. When the pressure collected by the pressure sensor reaches the target value, the loading system is locked, and the data acquisition system starts to record the experimental data;

E. After the experiment is over, the loading system is unloaded, the parts are dismantled, wiped clean and properly stored.

The advantage of this embodiment is that the constant stiffness maintenance system, the loading system and the automatic data acquisition system included in the shearing instrument loading device under the condition of maintaining constant stiffness are detachable structures, which can be reused and can be replaced in time after damage . The shear gauge loading device that maintains loading under constant stiffness conditions can adjust the applied stiffness by adjusting the number of constant stiffness compression springs according to experimental design requirements, target bearing capacity and many other factors, as well as the actual rock and soil environment. , which ensures the real simulation of the actual environment by the experiment, improves the accuracy of the experimental results, makes the calculation method obtained through the experiment more real and reliable, and can more perfectly reflect the mechanical properties in actual engineering.

The above-mentioned embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A shear apparatus loading device, comprising:

the reaction plate is arranged at the top of the reaction frame;

the loading system comprises a hydraulic jack, and the bottom of the hydraulic jack is connected with the reaction plate through a constant-stiffness compression spring;

the loading plate is used for applying normal load to a shearing box of the shearing instrument, and a piston rod of the hydraulic jack applies pressure to the loading plate.

2. The shear apparatus loading device of claim 1, wherein the bottom of the hydraulic jack is provided with a loading device fixing plate, and the constant stiffness compression spring is connected with the loading device fixing plate.

3. The shear apparatus loading device of claim 2, wherein the loading device fixing plate is removably connected to the bottom of the hydraulic jack.

4. The shear meter loading device of claim 1, wherein the constant rate compression springs are at least 3.

5. The shear device loading apparatus of claim 4, wherein each of the constant rate compression springs is uniformly disposed along the plane of the reaction plate.

6. The shear meter loading device of claim 1, wherein the constant rate compression spring is 10-15cm in length.

7. The shear meter loading device of claim 1, wherein a pressure sensor is provided between the piston rod and the loading plate to measure a normal load value.

8. The shear apparatus loading device of claim 7, wherein the end of the piston rod is provided with a slot, one end surface of the pressure sensor is provided with a protrusion part matched with the slot, and the other end surface of the pressure sensor is horizontally contacted with the top surface of the loading plate.

9. The shear meter loading device of claim 1 or 7, wherein a displacement sensor is provided between the reaction plate and the load plate to measure the relative displacement between the reaction plate and the load plate.

10. The shear apparatus loading device of claim 1, wherein the loading system includes a control device to control the amount of force applied by the hydraulic jack.

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