CN210890222U - Valve structure, pipeline system and air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a valve structure, pipe-line system and air conditioner. A valve structure comprising: the valve core is arranged in the shell and is surrounded with the shell to form a plurality of communicating cavities; the pilot valve is communicated with the communicating cavity; the first communicating part is arranged on the first side of the shell, the second communicating part is arranged on the second side, opposite to the first side of the shell, the first communicating part and the second communicating part are multiple, at least two of the first communicating parts are communicated with an air suction port of the compressor, at least one of the second communicating parts is communicated with an air exhaust port of the compressor, and the pilot valve is used for controlling the valve core to move in the shell so as to change the flow direction of a refrigerant in the shell. By adopting the valve structure, a four-way valve and a part of pipeline structures in an air conditioner system can be eliminated, so that the pipeline system with the valve structure is simpler, and the manufacturing cost of the pipeline system is reduced. The reliability and the stability of the valve structure are effectively improved.

Description

Valve structure, pipeline system and air conditioner

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an air conditioner equipment technical field particularly, relates to a valve structure, pipe-line system and air conditioner.

Background

In an air conditioning system, sensible heat load is about 50% to 70% of the total load, and sensible heat load is about 30% to 50% of the total load. In the prior art, an air conditioning system generally adopts a temperature and humidity coupling control mode. In summer, the air is cooled and dehumidified by adopting a condensation dehumidification mode, and the sensible heat load and the latent heat load of a building are removed simultaneously. In addition, although the humidity of the air after condensation and dehumidification meets the requirement, the temperature of some occasions is too low, and the air is only required to be reheated to reach the requirement of the air supply temperature, and the air is usually realized by connecting two four-way reversing valves in parallel and two evaporation temperatures in an air conditioner, but the two four-way reversing valves in parallel increase the cost, so that the management of an air conditioning system is complex, and the system is not favorable for maintenance.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

A primary object of the present invention is to provide a valve structure, a piping system and an air conditioner, which can solve the problem of high cost of the air conditioner in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a valve structure including: the valve core is arranged in the shell and is surrounded with the shell to form a plurality of communicating cavities; the pilot valve is communicated with at least one of the plurality of communicating cavities; the first communicating part is arranged on the first side of the shell, the second communicating part is arranged on the second side, opposite to the first side of the shell, the first communicating part and the second communicating part are multiple, at least two of the first communicating parts are communicated with an air suction port of the compressor, at least one of the second communicating parts is communicated with an air exhaust port of the compressor, and the pilot valve is used for controlling the valve core to move in the shell so as to change the flow direction of a refrigerant in the shell.

Furthermore, the valve core is provided with a first position and a second position in the shell, when the valve core is located at the first position, the communication cavities of the parts of the plurality of communication cavities are communicated with the first communication part and the second communication part to form a first refrigerant channel, when the valve core is located at the second position, the communication cavities of the other parts of the plurality of communication cavities are communicated with the first communication part and the second communication part to form a second refrigerant channel, and the flow directions of the refrigerant in the first refrigerant channel and the second refrigerant channel are different.

Further, a plurality of intercommunication cavitys include independent first cavity, second cavity, third cavity, fourth cavity, fifth cavity, sixth cavity and the seventh cavity that sets up, and the case includes: the first end of the first assembly section and the shell are enclosed to form a sixth cavity, and the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity are arranged on the first assembly section; the first end of the second component section is connected with the second end of the first component section, a seventh cavity is enclosed between the second end of the second component section and the shell, and the fourth cavity and the fifth cavity are arranged on the second component section; when the valve core is located at the second position, the first communicating part and the second communicating part are respectively communicated with the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity to form a second refrigerant channel.

Further, the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity are arranged at intervals along the long side direction of the first composition section, and/or the fourth cavity and the fifth cavity are arranged at intervals along the wide side direction of the second composition section, the fourth cavity is arranged towards one side of the first communicating part, and the fifth cavity is arranged towards one side of the second communicating part.

Further, the first communicating part comprises first communicating pipes, second communicating pipes and third communicating pipes which are arranged at intervals, and the second communicating part comprises fourth communicating pipes, fifth communicating pipes and sixth communicating pipes which are arranged at intervals; when the valve core is located at the second position, the first communicating pipe is communicated with the fourth communicating pipe through the first cavity, the second communicating pipe is communicated with the fifth communicating pipe through the second cavity, and the third communicating pipe is communicated with the sixth communicating pipe through the third cavity.

Further, the pilot valve comprises: the valve body is connected with the shell; one end of the first control pipe is communicated with the second communicating pipe, and the other end of the first control pipe is communicated with the seventh cavity through the valve body; one end of the second control pipe is communicated with the sixth cavity, the other end of the second control pipe is communicated with the valve body, and refrigerants with different pressure differences are introduced into the seventh cavity and the sixth cavity through the first control pipe and the second control pipe so that the valve core is located at the first position or the second position.

Further, the valve structure further includes: the first valve cover is connected with the first end of the shell, and a sixth cavity is enclosed among the first valve cover, the shell and the first end of the first composition section; and the second valve cover is connected with the second end of the shell, a seventh cavity is enclosed among the second valve cover, the shell and the second end of the second assembly section, and the valve core can slide between the first valve cover and the second valve cover.

Further, the valve structure further includes: and the sealing ring is connected with the valve core.

Further, at least one end of the valve core is provided with a sealing ring.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a piping system, comprising a valve structure, the valve structure being the above valve structure.

Further, the piping system comprises: the first communicating pipe and the third communicating pipe of the valve structure are communicated with an air suction port of the compressor, the second communicating pipe is communicated with the outdoor heat exchanger, the fourth communicating pipe is communicated with the first indoor heat exchanger, the fifth communicating pipe is communicated with an air exhaust port of the compressor, and the sixth communicating pipe is communicated with the second indoor heat exchanger.

Further, one of the first indoor heat exchanger and the second indoor heat exchanger can be used for preheating fresh air.

Furthermore, the pipeline system has a cooling mode and a heating mode, when the pipeline system is in the heating mode, the seventh cavity is a high-pressure cavity, the sixth cavity is a low-pressure cavity, and when the pipeline system is in the cooling mode, the seventh cavity is a low-pressure cavity, and the sixth cavity is a high-pressure cavity.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioner, including a piping system, the piping system is the above-mentioned piping system.

Use the technical scheme of the utility model, adopt this valve structure can cancel cross valve and the pipeline structure of part in the air conditioner system for the pipe-line system who has this valve structure is simpler, has reduced pipe-line system's manufacturing cost. Meanwhile, the valve structure is simple in structure, switching operation of the valve core is easy to control, and reliability and stability of the valve structure are effectively improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows an exploded structural schematic of a first embodiment of a valve structure according to the present invention;

fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a valve structure according to the invention;

figure 3 shows a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a cartridge according to the present invention;

figure 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a third embodiment of a valve structure according to the invention;

figure 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a fourth embodiment of a valve structure according to the invention;

fig. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an embodiment of the pipe system according to the invention;

fig. 7 shows a schematic structural view of the valve structure communication of the pipe system in heating mode according to the present invention;

fig. 8 shows a schematic structural view of the valve structure communication of the pipe system in the cooling mode according to the present invention.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a housing;

20. a valve core; 21. a first composition segment; 22. a second composition segment;

30. a pilot valve; 31. a valve body; 32. a first control tube; 33. a second control tube;

40. a first valve cover;

50. a second valve cover;

60. and (5) sealing rings.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Exemplary embodiments according to the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These exemplary embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein. It is to be understood that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art, in the drawings, it is possible to enlarge the thicknesses of layers and regions for clarity, and the same devices are denoted by the same reference numerals, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

Referring to fig. 1-8, a valve structure is provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

Specifically, the valve structure includes a housing 10, a valve spool 20, and a pilot valve 30. The valve core 20 is disposed in the housing 10 and encloses with the housing 10 to form a plurality of communicating chambers. The pilot valve 30 communicates with at least one of the plurality of communicating chambers. The first communicating portion is opened on a first side of the casing 10, the second communicating portion is opened on a second side of the casing 10 opposite to the first side of the casing 10, the first communicating portion and the second communicating portion are plural, at least two of the plural first communicating portions are communicated with an air suction port of the compressor, at least one of the plural second communicating portions is communicated with an air discharge port of the compressor, and the pilot valve 30 is used for controlling the valve core 20 to move in the casing 10 so as to change a flow direction of a refrigerant in the casing 10.

In this embodiment, the four-way valve and a part of the pipeline structure in the air conditioner system can be eliminated by adopting the valve structure, so that the pipeline system with the valve structure is simpler, and the manufacturing cost of the pipeline system is reduced. Meanwhile, the valve structure is simple in structure, switching operation of the valve core is easy to control, and reliability and stability of the valve structure are effectively improved.

Wherein the spool 20 has a first position and a second position within the housing 10. When the valve core 20 is located at the first position, a first refrigerant channel is formed by communication between the first communicating portion and the second communicating portion and a part of the communicating cavities. When the valve core 20 is located at the second position, the other part of the plurality of communicating cavities is communicated with the first communicating portion and the second communicating portion to form a second refrigerant channel, and the refrigerant flows in the first refrigerant channel and the second refrigerant channel in different directions. Here, the "portion" referred to in the present embodiment should be understood as one or two of the plurality of communication cavities communicating with the first communication portion and the second communication portion. This arrangement can improve the practicality of the valve structure.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the plurality of communicating cavities include a first cavity, a second cavity, a third cavity, a fourth cavity, a fifth cavity, a sixth cavity, and a seventh cavity, which are independently disposed. The spool 20 includes a first constituent section 21 and a second constituent section 22. A sixth cavity is enclosed between the first end of the first component section 21 and the housing 10, and the first cavity, the second cavity, and the third cavity are disposed on the first component section 21. The first end of the second component section 22 is connected to the second end of the first component section 21, a seventh cavity is enclosed between the second end of the second component section 22 and the casing 10, and the fourth cavity and the fifth cavity are opened on the second component section 22. When the valve core 20 is located at the first position, the first communicating portion is communicated with the fourth cavity, and the second communicating portion is communicated with the fifth cavity to form a first refrigerant channel. When the valve core 20 is located at the second position, the first communicating portion and the second communicating portion are respectively communicated with the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity to form a second refrigerant channel. Wherein, the first component section 21 and the second component section 22 are integrally formed.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the first cavity, the second cavity, and the third cavity are disposed at intervals along the long side direction of the first constituent segment 21. As shown in fig. 4, the fourth cavity and the fifth cavity are provided at an interval in the width direction of the second constituent segment 22, the fourth cavity is provided toward the first communicating portion, and the fifth cavity is provided toward the second communicating portion.

As shown in fig. 2 to 8, the first communication unit includes a first communication pipe a, a second communication pipe B, and a third communication pipe C that are provided at intervals. The second communicating portion includes a fourth communicating pipe D, a fifth communicating pipe E, and a sixth communicating pipe F that are disposed at intervals. When the valve element 20 is located at the first position, the fifth cavity is communicated with the fourth communication pipe, the fifth communication pipe and the sixth communication pipe, and the fourth cavity is communicated with the first communication pipe, the second communication pipe and the third communication pipe. When the valve core 20 is located at the second position, the first communicating pipe is communicated with the fourth communicating pipe through the first cavity, the second communicating pipe is communicated with the fifth communicating pipe through the second cavity, and the third communicating pipe is communicated with the sixth communicating pipe through the third cavity. The valve core can be matched with the object at different positions to realize refrigerant passages with different flow directions, and the practicability and reliability of the valve structure are improved.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the pilot valve 30 includes a valve body 31, a first control pipe 32, and a second control pipe 33. The valve body 31 is connected to the housing 10. One end of the first control pipe 32 is communicated with the second communication pipe, and the other end of the first control pipe 32 is communicated with the seventh chamber through the valve body 31. One end of the second control pipe 33 is communicated with the sixth cavity, the other end of the second control pipe 33 is communicated with the valve body 31, and refrigerants with different pressure differences are introduced into the seventh cavity and the sixth cavity through the first control pipe 32 and the second control pipe 33 so that the valve core 20 is located at the first position or the second position. The valve core can be accurately positioned at the first position or the second position by the arrangement, and the reliability of the valve structure is improved.

Wherein the valve structure further comprises a sealing ring 60. The packing 60 is connected to the valve element 20. This arrangement can improve the sealing performance between the valve element 20 and the housing. Meanwhile, the sealing performance between the adjacent cavities is improved, and air leakage between the adjacent cavities is effectively prevented.

Further, the valve structure further includes a first valve cover 40 and a second valve cover 50. The first valve cover is connected with the first end of the shell, and a sixth cavity is formed by the first valve cover, the shell and the first end of the first component section. The second valve cover is connected with the second end of the shell, a seventh cavity is enclosed among the second valve cover, the shell and the second end of the second component section, and the valve core can slide between the first valve cover and the second valve cover. This arrangement can improve the sealing performance of the valve structure.

As shown in fig. 1, the valve core 20 is provided with sealing rings 60 at both ends and a sealing ring in the middle of the valve core. The sealing performance among the first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity, the fourth cavity and the fifth cavity can be improved by the arrangement.

The valve structure in the above embodiments may also be used in the technical field of piping system equipment, i.e. according to the utility model discloses a further aspect provides a piping system. The piping system includes a valve structure, which is the valve structure in the above-described embodiment.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, the piping system includes a compressor, a first indoor heat exchanger, a second indoor heat exchanger, and an outdoor heat exchanger. The first communicating pipe and the third communicating pipe of the valve structure are communicated with an air suction port of the compressor, the second communicating pipe is communicated with the outdoor heat exchanger, the fourth communicating pipe is communicated with the first indoor heat exchanger, the fifth communicating pipe is communicated with an air exhaust port of the compressor, and the sixth communicating pipe is communicated with the second indoor heat exchanger. I.e. the valve arrangement is a six-way valve arrangement in this embodiment. The six-way valve is arranged to replace a four-way valve structure in the prior art, so that the length of a pipeline in the system can be saved, and the production cost of the pipeline system is effectively reduced.

Wherein, one in first indoor heat exchanger and the second indoor heat exchanger can be used to preheat the new trend. The pipe system has a cooling mode and a heating mode, and as shown in fig. 4 and 7, when the pipe system is in the heating mode, the seventh cavity is a high-pressure cavity, and the sixth cavity is a low-pressure cavity. As shown in fig. 5 and 8, when the piping system is in the cooling mode, the seventh cavity is a low pressure cavity, and the sixth cavity is a high pressure cavity.

The pipe-line system in the above-mentioned embodiment can also be used for air conditioning equipment technical field, promptly according to the utility model discloses a further aspect provides an air conditioner. The air conditioner comprises a pipeline system, and the pipeline system is the pipeline system in the embodiment.

Specifically, the valve structure adopting the structure is a six-way reversing valve, the cost of one four-way valve and related pipelines is saved, and the cost waste caused by adopting two four-way reversing valves in the system is solved. The problem that two evaporating temperatures cannot be simultaneously realized by one four-way valve is solved. By adopting the valve structure, the cost can be effectively saved, and the arrangement mode of a system pipeline is simplified. By adopting the valve structure, the six-way reversing valve can be used for replacing two four-way valves, the switching of different flow channels of the six-way valve is realized by switching the valve core, and the pilot valve controls the pressure intensity difference of the two cavities to drive the valve core to move.

The scheme provides a six-way reversing valve, as shown in fig. 1, the valve structure comprises a first valve cover, a valve core, a shell, a second valve cover, a pilot valve and a control pipe, wherein the control pipe is used for guiding pressure to a sixth cavity and a seventh cavity.

There are six communication tubes on the housing as shown in fig. 2, wherein A, B, C is on the upper side of the housing and E, F, D is on the lower side of the housing.

Wherein communicating pipe A links to each other with first indoor heat exchanger, and communicating pipe B links to each other with the compressor gas vent, and communicating pipe C links to each other with second indoor heat exchanger, and communicating pipe D links to each other with an induction port of compressor, and communicating pipe E links to each other with outdoor heat exchanger, and communicating pipe F links to each other with another induction port of compressor. In this embodiment, the number of the compressors is 1, and the compressors have a plurality of suction ports. Of course, multiple compressors may be used in communication with the valve structure.

The valve core comprises, as shown in fig. 3, a first cylindrical cavity, a second cylindrical cavity, a third cylindrical cavity, a fourth elongated cavity and a fifth elongated cavity, which are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the core body respectively; the valve core is also provided with three rings of sealing rings, two rings are arranged at two sides of the core body, and one ring is arranged between the first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity and the fourth cavity and the fifth cavity.

The valve core moves left and right in the shell, and when the valve core is in the shell, the first valve cover, one side of the valve core and the shell form a closed cavity to form a sixth cavity. The other side of second valve gap, case, the part of casing encloses the seventh cavity.

The pilot valve is connected with the sixth cavity and the seventh cavity through the control pipe respectively, so that the pressure in the sixth cavity and the pressure in the seventh cavity are different, during heating, the sixth cavity is a low-pressure cavity, the seventh cavity is a high-pressure cavity, and due to the different pressures of the cavities at the two sides, the valve core moves leftwards, as shown in fig. 4. At this time, the communication pipe A, B, C communicates with the fourth chamber, and the communication pipe D, E, F communicates with the fifth chamber. As can be seen from fig. 6 and 7, during heating, the refrigerant flows out of the discharge port X of the compressor, enters the valve body through the communication pipe E of the six-way valve, flows out through the communication pipe D, F, and then enters the first indoor heat exchanger of the indoor unit and the second indoor heat exchanger of the indoor unit. In the outdoor unit, the refrigerant flows out of the outdoor heat exchanger, enters the communication pipe B of the six-way valve, flows out through the communication pipe A, C, flows out of the communication pipe a, enters the suction port Y of the compressor, flows out of the communication pipe C, and enters the suction port Z of the compressor. Make outdoor new trend like this preheat earlier back and indoor return air mixing through second indoor heat exchanger, the rethread first indoor heat exchanger heaies up once more and sends to indoorly, can not only improve the efficiency of air conditioner, makes the system simple moreover, the maintenance of being convenient for.

During refrigeration, as shown in fig. 5, the valve core moves rightwards, so that the communication pipe a is communicated with the communication pipe D through the first cavity, the communication pipe B is communicated with the communication pipe E through the second cavity, and the communication pipe C is communicated with the communication pipe F through the third cavity. As can be seen from system fig. 6 and 8, the refrigerant flows out of the discharge port X of the compressor, enters the six-way valve through the communication pipe E, flows out of the communication pipe B through the second cavity, and then flows to the outdoor heat exchanger, where it is condensed to release heat. In the room, the refrigerant enters the first indoor heat exchanger and the second indoor heat exchanger respectively to absorb heat to cool the air, and then the refrigerant coming out of the first indoor heat exchanger enters the communicating pipe D from the six-way valve and enters the air suction port Y of the compressor from the flow passage of the communicating pipe A to complete the circulation; the refrigerant from the second indoor heat exchanger enters the communication pipe F of the six-way valve, enters the communication pipe C, and enters the suction port Z of the compressor to complete the cycle. Therefore, outdoor fresh air can be precooled through the second indoor heat exchanger or indoor return air can be precooled, the humidity of the air is reduced during precooling, and then the air is further cooled through the first indoor heat exchanger and then is sent into the room. The aim of constant temperature dehumidification can be achieved.

The refrigerant circulation has two evaporation temperatures (the temperature of the first indoor heat exchanger and the temperature of the second indoor heat exchanger), so that the evaporation pressure of the refrigerant in the high-temperature evaporator is high, and the compression ratio is low. Compared with single-evaporation-temperature refrigerant circulation, the dual-evaporation-temperature refrigerant circulation system used in the application has higher energy efficiency. When the air to be treated passes through the high-temperature evaporator, the temperature is only reduced, but the moisture content is not reduced, and when the air to be treated passes through the low-temperature evaporator, the temperature and the moisture content are both reduced. For fresh air, the temperature and humidity control process is adopted.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition to the foregoing, it should be noted that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "an embodiment," or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described generally throughout this application. The appearances of the same phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the scope of the invention to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments.

In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. A valve structure, comprising:

a shell (10) which is provided with a plurality of grooves,

the valve core (20) is arranged in the shell (10) and is enclosed with the shell (10) to form a plurality of communicating cavities;

a pilot valve (30), said pilot valve (30) being in communication with at least one of said communication cavities;

the compressor comprises a shell (10), a first communicating part is arranged on a first side of the shell (10), a second communicating part is arranged on a second side, opposite to the first side of the shell (10), the first communicating part and the second communicating part are multiple, at least two of the first communicating parts are communicated with a suction port of the compressor, at least one of the second communicating parts is communicated with an exhaust port of the compressor, and a pilot valve (30) is used for controlling the valve core (20) to move in the shell (10) so as to change the flow direction of a refrigerant in the shell (10).

2. The valve structure according to claim 1, wherein the valve element (20) has a first position and a second position in the housing (10), when the valve element (20) is located at the first position, a first refrigerant channel is formed by communication between the communication cavity of one of the plurality of communication cavities and the first communication portion and the second communication portion, and when the valve element (20) is located at the second position, a second refrigerant channel is formed by communication between the communication cavity of the other of the plurality of communication cavities and the first communication portion and the second communication portion, and flow directions of refrigerant in the first refrigerant channel and the second refrigerant channel are different.

3. The valve structure according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of communicating chambers include a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber, a fourth chamber, a fifth chamber, a sixth chamber, and a seventh chamber which are independently provided, and the spool (20) includes:

a sixth cavity is enclosed between the first end of the first component section (21) and the shell (10), and the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity are arranged on the first component section (21);

a second assembly section (22), wherein a first end of the second assembly section (22) is connected with a second end of the first assembly section (21), a seventh cavity is enclosed between the second end of the second assembly section (22) and the shell (10), and the fourth cavity and the fifth cavity are arranged on the second assembly section (22);

when the valve core (20) is located at the first position, the first communicating part is communicated with the fourth cavity, the second communicating part is communicated with the fifth cavity to form a first refrigerant channel, and when the valve core (20) is located at the second position, the first communicating part and the second communicating part are respectively communicated with the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity to form a second refrigerant channel.

4. The valve structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the first, second and third cavities are arranged at a distance along the long side of the first component section (21) and/or,

the fourth cavity and the fifth cavity are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the second component section (22), the fourth cavity faces one side of the first communicating portion, and the fifth cavity faces one side of the second communicating portion.

5. The valve structure according to claim 3, wherein the first communicating portion includes first communicating pipes, second communicating pipes, and third communicating pipes that are arranged at intervals, and the second communicating portion includes fourth communicating pipes, fifth communicating pipes, and sixth communicating pipes that are arranged at intervals;

when the valve element (20) is located at the first position, the fifth cavity is communicated with the fourth communication pipe, the fifth communication pipe and the sixth communication pipe, the fourth cavity is communicated with the first communication pipe, the second communication pipe and the third communication pipe, when the valve element (20) is located at the second position, the first communication pipe is communicated with the fourth communication pipe through the first cavity, the second communication pipe is communicated with the fifth communication pipe through the second cavity, and the third communication pipe is communicated with the sixth communication pipe through the third cavity.

6. The valve arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the pilot valve (30) comprises:

a valve body (31), wherein the valve body (31) is connected with the shell (10);

one end of the first control pipe (32) is communicated with the second communication pipe, and the other end of the first control pipe (32) is communicated with the seventh cavity through the valve body (31);

and one end of the second control pipe (33) is communicated with the sixth cavity, the other end of the second control pipe (33) is communicated with the valve body (31), and refrigerants with different pressure differences are introduced into the seventh cavity and the sixth cavity through the first control pipe (32) and the second control pipe (33) so that the valve core (20) is located at the first position or the second position.

7. The valve structure according to claim 3, further comprising:

the first valve cover (40), the first valve cover (40) is connected with the first end of the shell (10), and the sixth cavity is enclosed among the first valve cover (40), the shell (10) and the first end of the first composition section (21);

the second valve cover (50) is connected with the second end of the shell (10), a seventh cavity is enclosed among the second valve cover (50), the shell (10) and the second end of the second assembly section (22), and the valve core (20) can slide between the first valve cover (40) and the second valve cover (50).

8. The valve structure according to claim 1, further comprising:

and the sealing ring (60) is connected with the valve core (20).

9. Valve structure according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one end of the spool (20) is provided with the sealing ring (60).

10. A pipe system comprising a valve structure, characterized in that the valve structure is as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The conduit system of claim 10, comprising:

the first communicating pipe and the third communicating pipe of the valve structure are communicated with an air suction port of the compressor, the second communicating pipe is communicated with the outdoor heat exchanger, the fourth communicating pipe is communicated with the first indoor heat exchanger, the fifth communicating pipe is communicated with an air exhaust port of the compressor, and the sixth communicating pipe is communicated with the second indoor heat exchanger.

12. The duct system of claim 11, wherein one of the first indoor heat exchanger and the second indoor heat exchanger is operable to preheat fresh air.

13. The conduit system of claim 11, wherein the conduit system has a cooling mode and a heating mode, and wherein a seventh cavity is a high pressure cavity and a sixth cavity is a low pressure cavity when the conduit system is in the heating mode, and wherein the seventh cavity is a low pressure cavity and the sixth cavity is a high pressure cavity when the conduit system is in the cooling mode.

14. An air conditioner comprising a duct system, characterized in that the duct system is as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 13.

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