CN210886096U - Scrap steel steelmaking furnace system - Google Patents
Scrap steel steelmaking furnace system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210886096U CN210886096U CN201921398767.9U CN201921398767U CN210886096U CN 210886096 U CN210886096 U CN 210886096U CN 201921398767 U CN201921398767 U CN 201921398767U CN 210886096 U CN210886096 U CN 210886096U
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000009297 electrocoagulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 60
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a steel scrap steelmaking furnace system, include: the device comprises an electric furnace, a horizontal feeding device, a scrap steel preheating vertical shaft, a flue gas quenching device and a flue gas purifying device; the flue gas purification device comprises: an electrocoagulation device and a cloth bag dust removal device; the bottom outlet of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft is connected with a horizontal feeding device, and the horizontal feeding device is connected with an electric furnace; the outlet of the side wall of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft is communicated with a flue gas quenching device, the flue gas quenching device is communicated with the inlet of an electric coagulation device, and the inlet of a cloth bag dust removal device is connected with the outlet of the electric coagulation device. The utility model adopts the composite scrap steel preheating technology of scrap steel preheating shaft and horizontal feeding, greatly reduces the energy consumption and preheating failure rate of the electric furnace, can reduce the thermal load of the equipment, and improves the service life and production safety of the equipment; by adopting a novel dust removal technology of electrocoagulation and coupling of a cloth bag, fine particles are quickly coagulated into large-particle-size particles in a short time, so that the dust removal efficiency is improved, and the requirement of ultralow emission is stably met.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of metallurgy, specifically, relate to a scrap steel steelmaking furnace system.
Background
The steel making with scrap steel as main material is mainly carried out in a steel making electric arc furnace.
The current scrap preheating mode of the steelmaking electric arc furnace mainly comprises a horizontal preheating mode and a vertical preheating mode, wherein the horizontal scrap preheating mode mainly comprises a Consteel electric furnace, an ECS electric furnace and a horizontal continuous scrap preheating electric furnace, and the vertical scrap preheating mode mainly comprises a Quantum electric furnace and a double-shaft Sharc electric arc furnace. The preheating effect of horizontal preheating is poor, and the preheating failure rate of vertical shaft preheating is high.
The current dust removal system of the steelmaking electric arc furnace mainly adopts a bag-type dust remover to remove smoke dust in electric furnace flue gas, the traditional dust removal mode is difficult to meet the requirement of ultralow emission (less than or equal to 5mg/Nm3), and the use quantity and the occupied area of the bag are greatly increased.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a main aim at provides a steel scrap steelmaking furnace system to reduce the electric stove energy consumption by a wide margin and preheat the fault rate, improve equipment life and production security stably realize the requirement of ultralow emission, reduce the use quantity and the area of sack.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a steel scrap steelmaking furnace system, including:
electric stove, horizontal feeding device, scrap steel preheat shaft, flue gas rapid cooling device and gas cleaning device, wherein:
the bottom outlet of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft is connected with a horizontal feeding device, and the horizontal feeding device is connected with an electric furnace;
the flue gas purification device comprises an electric coagulation device and a cloth bag dust removal device, wherein an outlet on the side wall of the scrap steel preheating shaft is communicated with a flue gas quenching device, the flue gas quenching device is communicated with an inlet of the electric coagulation device, and an inlet of the cloth bag dust removal device is connected with an outlet of the electric coagulation device.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: an electromagnetic stirring device, a plurality of furnace wall guns, and an electrode;
the plurality of furnace wall guns are all positioned on the side wall of the electric furnace;
the electromagnetic stirring device is positioned at the bottom of the electric furnace;
the electrodes are inserted into the furnace from the top cover of the furnace.
In one embodiment, the horizontal charging device comprises: the device comprises a feeding trolley, a horizontal conveyor and a top cover;
the side wall outlet of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft is positioned above the horizontal conveyor;
the top cover is positioned above the feeding trolley, the horizontal conveyor and the bottom outlet of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft;
the horizontal conveyor is used for conveying the scrap steel to the feeding trolley, and the feeding trolley is used for conveying the scrap steel to the electric furnace.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
an upper gate plate and a lower gate plate;
the upper layer gate plate is positioned at the top of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft;
the lower layer gate plate is positioned in the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft and below the upper layer gate plate.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
a hydraulic pusher;
the hydraulic pusher is positioned on the side wall of the bottom of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft and used for pushing the preheated scrap steel into the horizontal conveyor.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: and the scrap steel feeding device is positioned above the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft and used for conveying the scrap steel to the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft.
In one embodiment, the flue gas quenching apparatus comprises:
a molten salt heat storage and exchange device and a quenching waste heat boiler;
the molten salt heat storage and exchange device comprises a molten salt heat exchanger; the quenching waste heat boiler comprises a waste heat boiler heat exchanger;
and an outlet of the side wall of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft is communicated with an inlet of the molten salt heat exchanger, an outlet of the molten salt heat exchanger is communicated with an inlet of the waste heat boiler heat exchanger, and an outlet of the waste heat boiler heat exchanger is communicated with an inlet of the electrocoagulation device.
In one embodiment, the flue gas quenching apparatus further comprises:
the steam superheater comprises a steam coil and a steam superheating tank;
the molten salt heat storage and exchange device also comprises a molten salt tank and a molten salt coil pipe;
the quenching waste heat boiler also comprises a steam drum and a steam-water coil pipe;
the steam coil is arranged in the steam superheating tank, the molten salt coil is arranged in the molten salt heat exchanger, and the steam-water coil is arranged in the waste heat boiler heat exchanger;
the outlet of the steam overheating groove is communicated with the inlet of the molten salt coil pipe, and the outlet of the molten salt coil pipe is communicated with the inlet of the molten salt groove; the outlet of the molten salt groove is communicated with the inlet of the steam overheating groove;
the first outlet of the steam drum is communicated with the inlet of the steam-water coil pipe, and the outlet of the steam-water coil pipe is communicated with the inlet of the steam drum; the second outlet of the steam drum is communicated with the inlet of the steam coil.
In one embodiment, the flue gas cleaning device further comprises:
an activated carbon injection device and an injection pump;
the activated carbon injection device is communicated with an injection pump, and the injection pump is respectively communicated with an inlet of the electrocoagulation device and the flue gas quenching device.
In one embodiment, the flue gas cleaning device further comprises:
a dust removal fan and a chimney;
the inlet of the dust removal fan is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the bag-type dust removal device, and the outlet of the dust removal fan is communicated with the chimney.
In one embodiment, the flue gas cleaning device further comprises:
an ash storage bin;
the dust outlet of the cloth bag dust collector is connected with the dust storage bin.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
the flexible power supply device, the hydraulic device and the conductive cross arm;
the flexible power supply device includes: the system comprises an isolating switch, a flexible power supply device, a short network and a controller; the flexible power supply device comprises a rectifier transformer, an alternating current-direct current converter, a capacitor and a direct current-alternating current converter;
one end of the isolating switch is connected with the power grid, and the other end of the isolating switch is connected with the primary side of the rectifier transformer; the secondary side of the rectifier transformer is connected with the input end of the alternating current-direct current converter, the output end of the alternating current-direct current converter is connected with the input end of the direct current-alternating current converter, the output end of the direct current-alternating current converter is connected with one end of the conductive cross arm through the short net, and the other end of the conductive cross arm is connected with the electrode; the capacitor is connected with the output end of the direct current-alternating current converter;
the controller is respectively connected with the output end of the direct current-alternating current converter and the hydraulic device, and the hydraulic device is fixed below the conductive cross arm.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: a settling chamber;
the inlet of the settling chamber is communicated with the outlet of the side wall of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft, and the outlet of the settling chamber is communicated with the inlet of the molten salt heat exchanger.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: a booster fan;
an inlet of the booster fan is communicated with an outlet of the waste heat boiler heat exchanger, and an outlet of the booster fan is communicated with an inlet of the electrocoagulation device.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: a roof cover and a dust hood;
the roof cover is positioned above the electric furnace, and an outlet of the roof cover is respectively communicated with an outlet of the dust hood and an outlet of the booster fan;
the dust excluding hood is positioned above the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft, and the outlet of the dust excluding hood is communicated with the outlet of the booster fan.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: a flow mixer;
the inlet of the flow mixer is respectively communicated with the outlet of the booster fan, the outlet of the roof cover and the outlet of the dust hood; the outlet of the flow mixer is communicated with the inlet of the electrocoagulation device.
The scrap steel steelmaking furnace system of the embodiment of the utility model adopts the composite scrap steel preheating technology of scrap steel preheating shaft and horizontal feeding, thus greatly reducing the energy consumption and preheating failure rate of the electric furnace; the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft is far away from a high-temperature area of a furnace body, so that the heat load of equipment can be reduced, the service life of the equipment is prolonged, and the production safety is improved; by adopting a novel dust removal technology of electrocoagulation and coupling of the cloth bags, fine particles are quickly coagulated into large-particle-size particles in a short time, so that the dust removal efficiency is improved, the requirement of ultralow emission is stably met, and the use number and the occupied area of the cloth bags are reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a scrap steelmaking furnace system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a scrap steelmaking furnace system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a scrap steelmaking furnace system according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a scrap steelmaking furnace system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a scrap steelmaking furnace system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a scrap steelmaking furnace system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a scrap steel steelmaking furnace system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a scrap steel-making furnace system according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In view of the effect of preheating that the level preheats in the current steel scrap preheating mode is poor, and the preheating fault rate that the shaft preheats is high, and the requirement that the traditional dust removal mode hardly reaches ultralow emission, and the use quantity and the area of sack are huge, the embodiment of the utility model provides a steel scrap steelmaking furnace system to reduce electric stove energy consumption and preheating fault rate by a wide margin, improve equipment life and production security stably realize the requirement of ultralow emission, reduce the use quantity and the area of sack. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a scrap steel-making furnace system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the scrap steel making furnace system includes:
electric stove 1, horizontal feeding device 2, scrap steel preheat shaft 3, flue gas rapid cooling device 5 and gas cleaning device 6, wherein: the bottom outlet of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 3 is connected with the horizontal feeding device 2, and the horizontal feeding device 2 is connected with the electric furnace 1; one or more scrap preheating shafts 3 corresponding to one horizontal charging device 2 may be employed for application to a larger capacity electric furnace 1.
The flue gas purification device 6 includes: an electrocoagulation device 63 and a bag-type dust removal device 64; an outlet on the side wall of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 3 is communicated with a flue gas quenching device 5, the flue gas quenching device 5 is communicated with an inlet of an electrocoagulation device 63, and an inlet of a cloth bag dust removal device 64 is connected with an outlet of the electrocoagulation device 63;
wherein, the steel scrap in the shaft 3 is preheated to the steel scrap can fall into horizontal feeding device 2 from the bottom export, and horizontal feeding device 2 can carry the steel scrap to electric stove 1 in, and the flue gas that the steel scrap was smelted to electric stove 1 can get into through horizontal feeding device 2 and preheat the steel scrap in the shaft 3 is preheated to the steel scrap and preheat the steel scrap in the shaft 3, has reduced the electric stove energy consumption by a wide margin. The flue gas enters the flue gas quenching device 5 through a side wall outlet, the flue gas quenching device 5 is used for quenching and cooling the flue gas, the electrocoagulation device 63 is used for performing electrocoagulation treatment on the flue gas subjected to quenching and cooling, and the cloth bag dust removal device 64 is used for performing dust removal treatment on the flue gas subjected to electrocoagulation treatment and discharging the flue gas subjected to dust removal treatment.
The utility model discloses a steel scrap preheats the shaft and is connected with the electric stove through horizontal feeding device, it is reinforced in continuous small batch, rationally match the relation of steel scrap joining speed and melting rate, in order to ensure the flat molten bath of overall process and smelt the in-process disappearance steel and pile up the condition, it provides favourable guarantee to spout carbon generation high energy flue gas for oxygen blowing under the flat molten bath of overall process smelting condition, need not extra heat source and heat up the formation that prevents the dioxin to the flue gas, the steel scrap preheats the shaft simultaneously and keeps away from furnace body high-temperature area, can reduce equipment heat load, improve equipment life and production security.
The utility model discloses adopt earlier the electricity congeal device to carry out the electricity to congeal the processing to the flue gas through rapid cooling, adopt sack dust collector to congeal the flue gas that handles againThe dust removal treatment is carried out, so that the fine particles in the flue gas can be quickly condensed into large-particle-size particles in a short time, the dust removal efficiency of the dust remover is improved, and the dust content in the discharged flue gas is controlled to be less than or equal to 5mg/Nm3The content of dioxin is less than or equal to 0.1ng/Nm3The dust removal device has the advantages that the dust and dioxin can be discharged in an ultra-clean mode, the dust removal efficiency is improved, the requirement of ultra-low discharge is stably met, and the using quantity and the occupied area of the cloth bag are reduced.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a steel scrap making furnace system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the scrap steel-making furnace system further includes: a plurality of furnace wall guns 11, an electromagnetic stirring device 12 and an electrode 13.
A plurality of wall guns 11 are located on the side walls of the electric furnace 1. In the case of 30% to 70% of the steel remaining in the electric furnace 1, a plurality of furnace wall guns provided on the furnace wall of the electric furnace 1 are arranged in accordance with 2000Nm oxygen3/h～4000Nm30Nm of fuel gas3/h～1000Nm3And oxygen, fuel gas and carbon powder are sprayed into the electric furnace 1 at the blowing speed of 0-80 kg/min and carbon powder to produce carbon monoxide, the carbon monoxide and slag forming materials added at the top of the electric furnace cover jointly form foam slag, and then the carbon monoxide in the foam slag escapes from the foam slag to form high-energy flue gas, so that the flat molten pool smelting of the electric furnace in the whole process can be realized, the electric arc heating efficiency is improved, and the high-energy flue gas (high temperature and carbon monoxide) is ensured to be produced in the whole smelting process.
The electromagnetic stirring device 12 is positioned at the bottom of the electric furnace 1, and can stir the molten steel in the furnace shell under the electric furnace 1, the stirring direction of the molten steel can be adjusted by changing the installation direction of the electromagnetic stirring device 12, and the stirring intensity of the molten steel can be changed by changing the current of the electromagnetic stirring device 12.
The electrode 13 is inserted into the electric furnace 1 from the top cover of the electric furnace 1. Wherein the electrode 13 is a three-phase electrode for generating an electric arc for heating the scrap steel in the electric furnace 1. The height of the electrode 13 can be adjusted continuously with the fluctuation of the liquid level in the electric furnace 1 to stabilize the arc and melting power.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a steel scrap making furnace system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the horizontal charging device 2 includes: a feed trolley 21, a horizontal conveyor 22 and a top cover 23; the side wall outlet of the scrap steel preheating shaft 3 is positioned above the horizontal conveyor 22; the top hood 23 is located above the feed trolley 21, the horizontal conveyor 22 and the bottom outlet of the scrap preheating shaft 3.
The steel scrap in the steel scrap preheating shaft 3 can fall onto a horizontal conveyor 22 from a bottom outlet, the horizontal conveyor 22 is used for conveying the steel scrap to a feeding trolley 21, and the feeding trolley 21 is used for conveying the steel scrap to the electric furnace 1. The speed of conveying the scrap steel can be designed at 4 t/min-20 t/min according to the requirement of a production period, and the steel retaining quantity in the electric furnace 1 can be designed between 30% and 70% according to the difference of the speed of conveying the scrap steel. The flue gas can be combusted in the top cover 23 for the second time, so that the temperature of the flue gas after the waste steel is preheated is ensured to be more than or equal to 800 ℃, an additional heat source is not needed for heating the flue gas, and the gas consumption caused by the reheating of the flue gas after the flue gas passes through the settling chamber 8 is reduced.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a steel scrap making furnace system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the scrap steel making furnace system further includes: an upper gate 31 and a lower gate 32; the upper layer gate plate 31 is positioned at the top of the scrap steel preheating shaft 3; the lower shutter 32 is located in the scrap preheating shaft 3 below the upper shutter.
The upper flashboard 31 and the lower flashboard 32 are driven by a motor, feeding without opening the cover can be realized, and no external cold air is mixed in the process of adding the steel scrap into the steel scrap preheating shaft 3. When the scrap feeder 4 feeds, the upper gate 31 is opened and the lower gate 32 is closed to receive scrap. When the scrap steel feeding device 4 suspends feeding, the upper layer gate plate 31 is closed, the lower layer gate plate 32 is opened, and scrap steel on the lower layer gate plate 32 falls into the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 3.
As shown in fig. 4, the scrap steel making furnace system further includes: a hydraulic pusher 33 and a scrap feeding device 4; the hydraulic pusher 33 is located on the bottom side wall of the scrap preheating shaft 3 and is used for pushing the preheated scrap into the horizontal conveyor 22 at a certain frequency. And the scrap steel feeding device 4 is positioned above the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 3 and is used for conveying scrap steel to the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a steel scrap making furnace system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the flue gas quenching apparatus 5 includes: a molten salt heat storage and exchange device 52 and a quenching waste heat boiler 53; the molten salt heat storage and exchange device 52 comprises a molten salt heat exchanger 521; the quench heat recovery boiler 53 includes a heat recovery boiler heat exchanger 532.
An outlet of the side wall of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 3 is communicated with an inlet of a molten salt heat exchanger 521, an outlet of the molten salt heat exchanger 521 is communicated with an inlet of a waste heat boiler heat exchanger 532, and an outlet of the waste heat boiler heat exchanger 532 is communicated with an inlet of the electrocoagulation device 63.
As shown in fig. 5, the flue gas quenching apparatus 5 further includes: the steam superheater 51, wherein the steam superheater 51 comprises a steam coil 511 and a steam superheating tank 512; the molten salt heat storage and exchange device 52 further comprises a molten salt tank 522 and a molten salt coil 523; the quench heat recovery boiler 53 also includes a steam drum 531 and steam-water coils 533.
The steam coil 511 is arranged in the steam superheating tank 512, the molten salt coil 523 is arranged in the molten salt heat exchanger 521, and the steam-water coil 533 is arranged in the waste heat boiler heat exchanger 532. The outlet of the steam overheating tank 512 is communicated with the inlet of the molten salt coil 523, and the outlet of the molten salt coil 523 is communicated with the inlet of the molten salt tank 522; the outlet of the molten salt tank 522 is communicated with the inlet of the steam superheating tank 512; a first outlet of the steam drum 531 is communicated with an inlet of the steam-water coil 533, and an outlet of the steam-water coil 533 is communicated with an inlet of the steam drum 531; a second outlet of drum 531 communicates with an inlet of steam coil 511.
In specific implementation, the flue gas enters the molten salt heat exchanger 521 to exchange heat with the molten salt coil 523, so that the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the molten salt heat exchanger 521 is maintained at about 800 ℃. Then, the flue gas enters the waste heat boiler heat exchanger 532 to exchange heat with the steam-water coil 533 so as to rapidly cool the flue gas, and the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler heat exchanger 532 is maintained at about 200 degrees.
The steam drum 531 contains steam water, the steam water enters the steam water coil 533 to exchange heat with the flue gas, and the steam water after the heat exchange with the flue gas enters the steam coil 511. Molten salt flows in the molten salt tank 522 and the molten salt coil 523, and enters the steam superheating tank 512 to heat steam in the steam coil 511, and the steam can be used for the outside.
The utility model discloses quench exhaust-heat boiler 53's cooling rate is greater than or equal to 300 ℃/s, can be within 2s with the flue gas by 800 ℃ fall to below 200 ℃, avoid the temperature interval that the dioxin produced, stop the dioxin production from the source. Meanwhile, the fused salt heat storage and exchange device 52 is arranged at the inlet of the quenching waste heat boiler 53, so that the fluctuation of the flue gas temperature can be balanced, and when the flue gas temperature is far higher than 800 ℃, the fused salt can be used for absorbing heat and controlling the inlet temperature of the quenching waste heat boiler 53, so that the dust adhesion caused by overtemperature is avoided, and the generation of dioxin caused by lower temperature is inhibited. The utility model discloses can also not rely on the external energy input, extract the fused salt heat accumulation and realize that steam is overheated, retrieve about 100kg/t of steam when eliminating the dioxin, promote the steam quality, improve energy utilization efficiency.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a scrap steel-making furnace system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the flue gas cleaning device 6 further includes: an activated carbon injection device 61, an injection pump 62, a dust removal fan 66, a chimney 67 and an ash storage bin 65.
The activated carbon injection device 61 is in communication with an injection pump 62, and the injection pump 62 is in communication with the inlet of the electrocoagulation device 63 and the flue gas chilling device 5, respectively. The inlet of the dust removing fan 66 is communicated with the smoke outlet of the bag-type dust removing device 64, and the outlet of the dust removing fan 66 is communicated with the chimney 67. The dust outlet of the bag-type dust collector 64 is connected with the dust storage bin 65.
The activated carbon injection device 61 can inject a proper amount of activated carbon into the pipeline in front of the flue gas purification device, so that the flue gas and the activated carbon are fully and uniformly mixed, gas phase and solid phase dioxin substances in the flue gas are adsorbed, the requirement of ultralow emission can be stably met, and the heat of the flue gas can be effectively recovered. The flue gas passes through the electrocoagulation device 63 and the cloth bag dust removal device 64, the filtered dust is collected in the dust storage bin 65 for storage, the purified flue gas passes through the dust removal fan 66 and then is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney 67, and the emission concentration of dioxin is ensured to be superior to the European standard (less than or equal to 0.1 ng/Nm)3) And (4) horizontal.
At present, two power supply modes of alternating current and direct current are adopted to supply power to the electric furnace, namely, the direct power supply of the alternating current or the direct power supply of the alternating current are adopted, the power factor of the two power supply modes is only 0.86 at most, the stability of electric arcs is poor, and the impact on a power grid is large.
The application provides a steel scrap steelmaking furnace system in order to solve above-mentioned technical problem. FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a scrap steel-making furnace system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, the scrap steel making furnace system further includes: flexible power supply 7, hydraulic device 14 and conductive cross arm 15. The flexible power supply 7 includes: an isolating switch 71, a flexible power supply device 72, a short net 73 and a controller; the flexible power supply device 72 includes a rectifier transformer 721, an ac/dc converter 722, a capacitor, and a dc/ac converter 723.
The flexible power supply device 72 is connected with a power grid (35KV) and used for carrying out voltage reduction and alternating current-direct current-alternating current conversion on alternating current of the power grid, the converted alternating current enters the electrode 13 of the electric furnace 1 through the short net 73, and arc current is generated in the electric furnace 1. The short net 73 includes water-cooled cables and water-cooled system pipes.
The ac-dc converter 722 may be formed by a diode three-phase fully controlled bridge; the dc-ac converter 723 may be formed of a plurality of power electronic power devices including IGBTs, IGCTs, IEGTs, etc. The dc-ac converter 723 may also employ a three-phase full bridge PWM inverter.
One end of the isolating switch 71 is connected with the power grid, and the other end is connected with the primary side of the rectifier transformer 721; the secondary side of the rectifier transformer 721 is connected to the input end of the ac-dc converter 722, and is used for stepping down the ac power of the power grid and transmitting the ac power to the input end of the ac-dc converter 722. The output end of the ac-dc converter 722 is connected to the input end of the dc-ac converter 723, and is configured to convert the stepped-down ac power into dc power.
The output of the dc-ac converter 723 is connected to one end of a conductive crossbar 15 via a short net 73, and the other end of the conductive crossbar 15 is connected to the electrode 13. The dc/ac converter 723 is used to convert the dc power output from the ac/dc converter 722 into ac power (0.5KV to 1.5KV, 80KA) with adjustable frequency and amplitude, and supply the ac power to the electrode 13 through the short net 73 and the conductive cross arm 15, thereby generating arc current. The capacitor is connected to the output end of the dc/ac converter 723, and is used for filtering the dc power output by the ac/dc converter 722 to obtain a stable dc power.
The controller is respectively connected with the output end of the direct current-alternating current converter 723 and the hydraulic device 14, and the hydraulic device 14 is fixed below the conductive cross arm 15.
The controller receives the real-time current and voltage from the dc-ac converter 723 to calculate the real-time power and compares the real-time power with a preset power. When the real-time power is smaller than the preset power, the controller controls the hydraulic device 14 to ascend, and further enables the electrode 13 to ascend; when the real-time power is larger than the preset power, the controller controls the hydraulic device 14 to descend, and further enables the electrode 13 to descend.
To sum up, the utility model adopts a flexible power supply technology to replace the current power supply system of the electric furnace transformer and SVC or SVG compensation, the utility model can increase the power factor of the flexible power supply device from the current 0.85 to 0.95-1, greatly improve the stability of the electric arc, greatly reduce the impact on the power grid, and reduce the requirement on the short circuit capacity of the power grid; meanwhile, the loss of a power supply loop can be reduced by 5-8% (14 Wh/t-22 kWh/t) and the loss of an electrode can be reduced by 10-20%.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a scrap steel-making furnace system according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the scrap steel making furnace system further includes: a settling chamber 8; the inlet of the settling chamber 8 is communicated with the outlet of the side wall of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 3, and the outlet of the settling chamber 8 is communicated with the inlet of the molten salt heat exchanger 521. The flue gas enters the settling chamber 8 through the side wall outlet of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 3, large-particle dust in the flue gas is collected at the bottom of the settling chamber 8 under the action of gravity, and the settled gas enters the molten salt heat exchanger 521.
As shown in fig. 8, the scrap steel making furnace system further includes: booster fan 81, roof cover 83, dust hood 84 and flow mixer 82.
An inlet of the booster fan 81 is communicated with an outlet of the waste heat boiler heat exchanger 532, and an outlet of the booster fan 81 is communicated with an inlet of the electrocoagulation device 63. The roof cover 83 is positioned above the electric furnace 1, and the outlet of the roof cover 83 is respectively communicated with the outlet of the dust hood 84 and the outlet of the booster fan 81; the dust hood 84 is positioned above the scrap preheating shaft 3, and the outlet of the dust hood 84 is communicated with the outlet of the booster fan 81. The inlet of the flow mixer 82 is respectively communicated with the outlet of the booster fan 81, the outlet of the roof cover 83 and the outlet of the dust hood 84; the outlet of the flow mixer 82 communicates with the inlet of the electrocoagulation device 63.
In specific implementation, flue gas from the waste heat boiler heat exchanger 532 enters the booster fan 81 to be pressurized and is fully mixed with cold flue gas from the roof cover 83 and the dust hood 84 in the mixer 82, so that the activated carbon can adsorb dioxin conveniently.
The utility model discloses a concrete flow is as follows:
1. when the scrap feeder 4 feeds, the upper gate 31 is opened and the lower gate 32 is closed to receive scrap. When the scrap steel feeding device 4 suspends feeding, the upper layer gate plate 31 is closed, the lower layer gate plate 32 is opened, and scrap steel on the lower layer gate plate 32 falls into the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 3.
2. The hydraulic pusher 33 pushes the preheated scrap steel into the horizontal conveyor 22 according to a certain frequency, the horizontal conveyor 22 conveys the scrap steel to the feeding trolley 21, and the feeding trolley 21 conveys the scrap steel to the electric furnace 1.
3. The electric furnace 1 produces flue gas when smelting scrap steel. During specific implementation, the electrodes 13 generate electric arcs to heat the scrap steel in the electric furnace 1, a plurality of furnace wall guns spray oxygen, fuel gas and carbon powder into the electric furnace 1 according to the injection rates of 2000Nm 3/h-4000 Nm3/h, 0Nm 3/h-1000 Nm3/h and 0 kg/min-80 kg/min of the carbon powder to produce carbon monoxide, the carbon monoxide and slag-making materials added at the top of the furnace cover of the electric furnace jointly form foam slag, then the carbon monoxide in the foam slag escapes from the foam slag to form smoke, and the smoke enters the scrap steel preheating shaft 3 through the horizontal feeding device 2 to preheat the scrap steel in the scrap steel preheating shaft 3.
4. The flue gas enters the settling chamber 8 through the side wall outlet of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 3, large-particle dust in the flue gas is collected at the bottom of the settling chamber 8 under the action of gravity, and the settled gas enters the molten salt heat exchanger 521.
5. The flue gas enters the fused salt heat exchanger 521 to exchange heat with the fused salt coil 523, so that the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the fused salt heat exchanger 521 is maintained at about 800 ℃.
6. The flue gas enters the waste heat boiler heat exchanger 532 to exchange heat with the steam-water coil 533 so as to rapidly cool the flue gas.
7. Flue gas from the waste heat boiler heat exchanger 532 enters the booster fan 81 to be pressurized and is fully mixed with cold flue gas from the roof cover 83 and the dust hood 84 in the mixer 82, so that the activated carbon can adsorb dioxin conveniently.
8. The activated carbon injection device 61 injects a proper amount of activated carbon into the pipeline in front of the flue gas purification device to ensure that the flue gas and the activated carbon are fully and uniformly mixed.
9. The electric coagulation device 63 carries out electric coagulation treatment on the flue gas after quenching and cooling, and the cloth bag dust removal device 64 carries out dust removal treatment on the flue gas after electric coagulation treatment and discharges the flue gas after dust removal treatment.
To sum up, the embodiment of the utility model provides a scrap steel steelmaking furnace system has following beneficial effect:
(1) continuous small-batch charging is realized, the relation between the scrap steel adding rate and the melting rate is reasonably matched, so that the condition that scrap steel is accumulated in the whole process flat molten pool smelting process is ensured, favorable guarantee is provided for generating high-energy flue gas by oxygen blowing and carbon spraying under the whole process flat molten pool smelting condition, the flue gas is not heated by an extra heat source to prevent the generation of dioxin, and meanwhile, the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 3 is far away from a furnace body high-temperature area, so that the heat load of equipment can be reduced, the service life of the equipment is prolonged, and the production safety is improved;
(2) the dust removal efficiency of the dust remover is improved, and the dust content in the discharged flue gas is controlled to be less than or equal to 5mg/Nm3The content of dioxin is less than or equal to 0.1ng/Nm3The dust removal device has the advantages that the dust removal device is horizontal, the ultra-clean emission of dust and dioxin is achieved, the dust removal efficiency is improved, the requirement of ultra-low emission is stably met, and the use quantity and the occupied area of cloth bags are reduced;
(3) the feeding without opening the cover is realized, and no external cold air is mixed in the process of adding the scrap steel into the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 3;
(4) the cooling rate is more than or equal to 300 ℃/s, the temperature of the flue gas can be reduced from 800 ℃ to below 200 ℃ within 2s, the temperature interval for generating dioxin is avoided, and the generation of dioxin is prevented from the source. The fluctuation of the flue gas temperature is balanced, and the inlet temperature of the quenching waste heat boiler is controlled, so that the dust adhesion caused by overtemperature is avoided, and the generation of dioxin caused by lower temperature is inhibited.
(5) The method has the advantages that the method does not depend on external energy input, extracts the molten salt for heat storage to realize steam superheating, recovers the steam about 100kg/t while eliminating dioxin, improves the steam quality and improves the energy utilization efficiency;
(6) the flue gas and the activated carbon are fully and uniformly mixed, and gas-phase and solid-phase dioxin substances in the flue gas are adsorbed, so that the requirement of ultralow emission can be stably met, and the heat of the flue gas can be effectively recovered;
(7) the flexible power supply technology is adopted to replace the conventional power supply system with the electric furnace transformer and SVC or SVG compensation, the power factor of the flexible power supply device can be improved to 0.95-1 from 0.85 at present, the arc stability is greatly improved, the impact on a power grid is greatly reduced, and the requirement on the short-circuit capacity of the power grid can be reduced; meanwhile, the loss of a power supply loop can be reduced by 5-8% (14 Wh/t-22 kWh/t) and the loss of an electrode can be reduced by 10-20%.
The above-mentioned embodiments, further detailed description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. A scrap steel steelmaking furnace system, comprising:
electric stove (1), horizontal feeding device (2), scrap steel preheat shaft (3), flue gas rapid cooling device (5) and gas cleaning device (6), wherein:
the bottom outlet of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft (3) is connected with the horizontal feeding device (2), and the horizontal feeding device (2) is connected with the electric furnace (1);
the flue gas purification device (6) comprises an electrocoagulation device (63) and a cloth bag dust removal device (64), an outlet on the side wall of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft (3) is communicated with the flue gas quenching device (5), the flue gas quenching device (5) is communicated with an inlet of the electrocoagulation device (63), and an inlet of the cloth bag dust removal device (64) is connected with an outlet of the electrocoagulation device (63).
2. The scrap steel steelmaking furnace system according to claim 1, further comprising: an electromagnetic stirring device (12), a plurality of furnace wall guns (11), and an electrode (13);
the furnace wall guns (11) are all positioned on the side wall of the electric furnace (1);
the electromagnetic stirring device (12) is positioned at the bottom of the electric furnace (1);
the electrode (13) is inserted into the electric furnace (1) from the top cover of the electric furnace (1).
3. The scrap steelmaking furnace system according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal charging device (2) comprises: a feeding trolley (21), a horizontal conveyor (22) and a top cover (23);
the side wall outlet of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft (3) is positioned above the horizontal conveyor (22);
the top cover (23) is positioned above the feeding trolley (21), the horizontal conveyor (22) and a bottom outlet of the scrap steel preheating shaft (3);
the scrap steel in the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft (3) can fall onto the horizontal conveyor (22) from the bottom outlet, the horizontal conveyor (22) is used for conveying the scrap steel to the feeding trolley (21), and the feeding trolley (21) is used for conveying the scrap steel to the electric furnace (1).
4. The scrap steel steelmaking furnace system according to claim 1, further comprising:
an upper layer gate plate (31) and a lower layer gate plate (32);
the upper layer gate plate (31) is positioned at the top of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft (3);
the lower layer gate plate (32) is positioned in the scrap preheating shaft (3) and below the upper layer gate plate.
5. The scrap steel steelmaking furnace system according to claim 3, further comprising:
a hydraulic pusher (33);
the hydraulic pusher (33) is positioned on the side wall of the bottom of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft (3) and used for pushing preheated scrap steel into the horizontal conveyor (22).
6. The scrap steel steelmaking furnace system according to claim 1, further comprising: and the scrap steel feeding device (4) is positioned above the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft (3) and is used for conveying scrap steel to the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft (3).
7. The scrap steel steelmaking furnace system according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas quenching means (5) comprises:
a molten salt heat storage and exchange device (52) and a quenching waste heat boiler (53);
the molten salt heat storage and exchange device (52) comprises a molten salt heat exchanger (521); the quenching waste heat boiler (53) comprises a waste heat boiler heat exchanger (532);
an outlet of the side wall of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft (3) is communicated with an inlet of the molten salt heat exchanger (521), an outlet of the molten salt heat exchanger (521) is communicated with an inlet of the waste heat boiler heat exchanger (532), and an outlet of the waste heat boiler heat exchanger (532) is communicated with an inlet of the electrocoagulation device (63).
8. The scrap steel steelmaking furnace system according to claim 7, wherein the flue gas quenching means (5) further comprises:
a steam superheater (51), the steam superheater (51) comprising a steam coil (511) and a steam superheating tank (512);
the molten salt heat storage and exchange device (52) further comprises a molten salt tank (522) and a molten salt coil pipe (523);
the quenching waste heat boiler (53) also comprises a steam drum (531) and a steam-water coil (533);
the steam coil (511) is arranged in the steam superheating tank (512), the molten salt coil (523) is arranged in the molten salt heat exchanger (521), and the steam-water coil (533) is arranged in the waste heat boiler heat exchanger (532);
an outlet of the steam overheating tank (512) is communicated with an inlet of the molten salt coil pipe (523), and an outlet of the molten salt coil pipe (523) is communicated with an inlet of the molten salt tank (522); the outlet of the molten salt tank (522) is communicated with the inlet of the steam overheating tank (512);
a first outlet of the steam drum (531) is communicated with an inlet of the steam-water coil (533), and an outlet of the steam-water coil (533) is communicated with an inlet of the steam drum (531); the second outlet of the steam drum (531) is communicated with the inlet of the steam coil (511).
9. The scrap steel steelmaking furnace system according to claim 1, wherein said flue gas cleaning means (6) further comprises:
an activated carbon injection device (61) and an injection pump (62);
the activated carbon spraying device (61) is communicated with the spraying pump (62), and the spraying pump (62) is respectively communicated with the inlet of the electrocoagulation device (63) and the flue gas quenching device (5).
10. The scrap steel steelmaking furnace system according to claim 1, wherein said flue gas cleaning means (6) further comprises:
a dust removal fan (66) and a chimney (67);
the inlet of the dust removal fan (66) is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the bag dust removal device (64), and the outlet of the dust removal fan (66) is communicated with the chimney (67).
11. The scrap steel steelmaking furnace system according to claim 1, wherein said flue gas cleaning means (6) further comprises:
an ash storage bin (65);
and a dust outlet of the cloth bag dust removing device (64) is connected with the dust storage bin (65).
12. The scrap steel steelmaking furnace system according to claim 2, further comprising:
the flexible power supply device (7), the hydraulic device (14) and the conductive cross arm (15);
the flexible power supply device (7) comprises: the device comprises an isolating switch (71), a flexible power supply device (72), a short network (73) and a controller; the flexible power supply device (72) comprises a rectifier transformer (721), an alternating current-direct current converter (722), a capacitor and a direct current-alternating current converter (723);
one end of the isolating switch (71) is connected with a power grid, and the other end of the isolating switch is connected with the primary side of the rectifier transformer (721); the secondary side of the rectifier transformer (721) is connected with the input end of the alternating current-direct current converter (722), the output end of the alternating current-direct current converter (722) is connected with the input end of the direct current-alternating current converter (723), the output end of the direct current-alternating current converter (723) is connected with one end of the conductive cross arm (15) through the short net (73), and the other end of the conductive cross arm (15) is connected with the electrode (13); the capacitor is connected with the output end of the direct current-alternating current converter (723);
the controller is respectively connected with the output end of the direct current-alternating current converter (723) and the hydraulic device (14), and the hydraulic device (14) is fixed below the conductive cross arm (15).
13. The scrap steel steelmaking furnace system according to claim 7, further comprising: a settling chamber (8);
the inlet of the settling chamber (8) is communicated with the outlet of the side wall of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft (3), and the outlet of the settling chamber (8) is communicated with the inlet of the molten salt heat exchanger (521).
14. The scrap steel steelmaking furnace system according to claim 7, further comprising: a booster fan (81);
an inlet of the booster fan (81) is communicated with an outlet of the waste heat boiler heat exchanger (532), and an outlet of the booster fan (81) is communicated with an inlet of the electrocoagulation device (63).
15. The scrap steel steelmaking furnace system according to claim 14, further comprising: a roof cover (83) and a dust hood (84);
the roof cover (83) is positioned above the electric furnace (1), and an outlet of the roof cover (83) is respectively communicated with an outlet of the dust hood (84) and an outlet of the booster fan (81);
the dust hood (84) is located above the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft (3), and an outlet of the dust hood (84) is communicated with an outlet of the booster fan (81).
16. The scrap steel steelmaking furnace system according to claim 15, further comprising: a flow mixer (82);
the inlet of the flow mixer (82) is respectively communicated with the outlet of the booster fan (81), the outlet of the roof cover (83) and the outlet of the dust hood (84); the outlet of the flow mixer (82) is in communication with the inlet of the electrocoagulation device (63).
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| CN112430703A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-03-02 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Scrap steel steelmaking furnace system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112430703A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-03-02 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Scrap steel steelmaking furnace system |
| CN112430703B (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2024-04-26 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Scrap steel steelmaking furnace system |
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