CN210852027U - Locking mechanism and electric automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a locking mechanism and electric automobile, locking mechanism includes: a fixing frame and a clamping component; the fixed frame forms a movable space of the clamping assembly; the clamping assembly comprises: a first latch arm and a second latch arm; the first locking arm and the second locking arm are movably connected with the fixed frame; the first and second latch arms have an open unlocked state and a closed latched state. The utility model discloses a locking mechanism, the size is little, simple structure, and unblock and locking mode are simple reliable, have made things convenient for power battery's installation and dismantlement process, have improved power battery's change efficiency.

Description

Locking mechanism and electric automobile

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of automobiles, especially, relate to a locking mechanism and electric automobile.

Background

In order to cope with the increasing environmental crisis such as the gradual depletion of global petroleum resources, air pollution and global temperature rise, the research and development of electric vehicles at home and abroad reaches unprecedented high tide. The electric automobile in the market at present also has the common defect of short driving range, and the driving range is far inferior to that of the conventional power automobile type, so that the application range of the electric automobile is greatly limited.

In order to avoid overlong charging time, a method for replacing a power battery of the electric automobile is mainly selected to solve the problems, and when the electric quantity of the power battery is insufficient, a fully charged battery pack can be directly replaced at a charging station. In the existing technology for replacing the power battery, the problems of complex installation and uninstallation processes and long time consumption exist in the battery installation and uninstallation technology.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a locking mechanism and electric automobile, the installation that has solved power battery is complicated with the dismantlement process, longer problem consuming time.

According to the utility model discloses an aspect provides a locking mechanism, include: a fixing frame and a clamping component; the fixed frame forms a movable space of the clamping assembly; the clamping assembly comprises: a first locking arm and a second locking arm; the first locking arm and the second locking arm are movably connected with the fixed frame; the first and second latch arms have an open unlocked state and a closed latched state.

Optionally, the clamping assembly further comprises: the unlocking assembly is movably connected with the first locking arm and the second locking arm;

the first locking arm, the second locking arm and the fixed frame form a movable space of the unlocking assembly.

Optionally, the fixing frame is provided with a first slot and a second slot on two symmetrical sides respectively;

a first shaft hole is formed in the wall of the first slot;

a second shaft hole is formed in the wall of the second slot;

the first ends of the first locking arm and the second locking arm are respectively movably connected with the first shaft hole and the second shaft hole through a first pin shaft and a second pin shaft.

Optionally, the first locking arm and the second locking arm are respectively a bending piece.

Optionally, the second ends of the first locking arm and the second locking arm are respectively provided with a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion;

when the first locking arm and the second locking arm are in a locking state, the first connecting part and the second connecting part are connected in an overlapping mode.

Optionally, the unlocking assembly includes:

the clamp pin frame is provided with a slide way which is communicated along the horizontal direction and a clamp groove which is communicated with the slide way along the vertical direction;

a first pin block and a second pin block are placed in the slide way side by side, and the upper end and the lower end of one side, adjacent to the first pin block and the second pin block, of the first pin block and the second pin block are respectively provided with a first chamfer; the first pin block and the second pin block are respectively contacted with the first ends of the first locking arm and the second locking arm;

the clamping pin is movably arranged in the clamping groove and comprises a guide post;

the guide post is provided with a second chamfer at the first end arranged in the clamping groove; the control rod is fixedly connected to the guide post;

the guide post is also provided with a limiting part, and an elastic piece is clamped on the limiting part;

when the bayonet moves in the bayonet groove, the guide post has a first state of being inserted between the first pin block and the second pin block and a second state of being separated from the first pin block and the second pin block to enable the first pin block and the second pin block to be attached to each other.

Optionally, the fixing frame further includes a through hole, and the guide post is movably inserted into the through hole at a second end far away from the pin clamping frame;

the elastic piece is arranged between the through hole and the limiting part.

Optionally, the bayonet frame is provided with a groove at a position close to the second ends of the first and second locking arms;

when the first locking arm and the second locking arm are in a closed locking state, the groove is matched with the first locking arm and the second locking arm to form a locking hole.

Optionally, the first pin block is of an inclined surface structure on the side contacting with the first locking arm;

the second pin block is of an inclined surface structure at one side contacting with the second locking arm.

Optionally, the bayonet frame is provided with a first convex part and a second convex part at two symmetrical sides respectively;

when the first locking arm and the second locking arm are in an unlocking state, the latch frame is latched on the first ends of the first locking arm and the second locking arm through the first convex part and the second convex part.

Optionally, the locking mechanism further includes: a secondary locking member;

the secondary locking piece is movably connected with the fixed frame;

when the locking mechanism is in a locking state, the secondary locking piece is fixedly connected with the operating rod.

Optionally, the secondary lock includes: a rotating rod;

one end of the rotating rod is provided with a locking hook;

the rotating rod is connected with the fixed frame through a rotating shaft at one end far away from the locking hook;

when the locking mechanism is in a locking state, the locking hook is hung and buckled on the operating rod.

According to the utility model discloses an on the other hand, improved an electric automobile, electric automobile includes as above locking mechanism.

The utility model discloses a beneficial effect of embodiment is:

in the above scheme, the locking mechanism comprises a fixed frame which is provided with a movable space of the clamping assembly and the clamping assembly which comprises a first locking arm and a second locking arm, and the unlocking state and the locking state of the locking mechanism are realized through the opening unlocking state and the closing locking state of the first locking arm and the second locking arm. The locking mechanism is simple and reliable in structure, the power battery can be conveniently mounted and dismounted, and the replacement efficiency of the power battery is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows one of the schematic structural diagrams of the locking mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a second schematic structural view of the locking mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a third schematic structural view of a locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 shows a fourth schematic structural view of the locking mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 shows a fifth schematic structural view of the locking mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 shows a sixth schematic structural view of the locking mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 shows one of the schematic structural diagrams of the battery box according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a second schematic structural view of a battery case according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic view showing an installation state of the lock mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a second schematic view showing an installation state of the lock mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a third schematic view illustrating an installation state of the locking mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a fourth schematic view showing an installation state of the lock mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a fifth schematic view showing an installation state of the lock mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 shows a sixth schematic view of the installation state of the lock mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a battery case;

11. a lock shaft;

20. a secondary locking member;

201. a rotating rod;

202. a latch hook;

203. a rotating shaft;

21. a first plate body;

22. a second plate body;

23. a first bolt hole;

24. a first mounting structure;

25. a second mounting structure;

3. a locking mechanism;

31. a fixed mount;

311. a first slot;

312. a second slot;

41. a first shaft hole;

42. a second shaft hole;

51. a first locking arm;

511. a first connection portion;

52. a second locking arm;

521. a second connecting portion;

61. a first pin shaft;

62. a second pin shaft;

7. a pin clamping frame;

71. a slideway;

72. a card slot;

73. a groove;

81. a first pin block;

82. a second pin block;

9. a bayonet lock;

91. a guide post;

92. a joystick;

93. a limiting part;

94. an elastic member;

95. a through hole;

101. a first convex portion.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a locking mechanism, including: a mount 31 and a clamping assembly; the fixed frame 31 forms a movable space of the clamping component; the clamping assembly comprises: a first lock arm 51 and a second lock arm 52; the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are movably connected with the fixed frame 31; the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 have an open unlocked state and a closed locked state.

In this embodiment, the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 perform the process of mounting and dismounting the battery box when in the opened unlocking state; when the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are in a closed locking state, the battery box body is locked, the installation and the disassembly processes of the power battery are facilitated, and the battery replacement efficiency is improved.

Further, the clamping assembly further comprises: the unlocking assembly is movably connected with the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52; the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 cooperate with the fixed frame 31 to form a movable space of the unlocking assembly. The locking and unlocking actions are completed by the cooperation of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 through the movement of the unlocking assembly.

As shown in fig. 2, which shows a top view of the locking mechanism, as shown in fig. 3, which shows a cross-sectional view a-a in fig. 2.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the fixing frame 31 is provided with a first slot 311 and a second slot 312 at two symmetrical sides respectively; a first shaft hole 41 is formed in the wall of the first slot 311; a second shaft hole 42 is arranged on the groove wall of the second open groove 312; first ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are movably connected with the first shaft hole 41 and the second shaft hole 42 through a first pin 61 and a second pin 62, respectively.

In this embodiment, first ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are movably connected in a first slot 311 and a second slot 312 provided in the fixed frame 31 through a first pin 61 and a second pin 62, respectively, the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 can swing in the first slot 311 and the second slot 312 by rotating around the first pin 61 and the second pin 62, and during the swing, a separated unlocking state (the state shown in fig. 1) and a closed locking state (the state shown in fig. 3 and 5) are achieved at second ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52.

Specifically, the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are respectively a bending member. As shown in fig. 4, which shows an exploded view of the components of the locking mechanism. As shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic view showing a bent state of the first and second lock arms 51 and 52,

in this embodiment, the first and second latch arms 51, 52 may be forged high strength components with bending features. It can be understood that when the first ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are movably connected through the first pin 61 and the second pin 62, respectively, the second ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are in the separated unlocking state under the natural state that the first locking arm is influenced by gravity and is not influenced by other external forces.

It is of course also possible to design the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 to have a structure with a light first end and a heavy second end, so as to achieve an unlocked state in which the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are separated in a natural state that is influenced by gravity and is not influenced by other external forces.

Here, in order to reduce the material cost, the first lock arm 51 and the second lock arm 52 are provided with hole-like structures (as shown near the second ends of the first lock arm 51 and the second lock arm 52 in fig. 3 and 4).

In fig. 4, the second ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are respectively provided with a first connecting portion 511 and a second connecting portion 521; when the first lock arm 51 and the second lock arm 52 are in the locked state, the first connecting portion 511 and the second connecting portion 521 are overlapped and connected (the state shown in fig. 3 and 5).

In this embodiment, the first connection portion 511 is a connection end protruding from the second end of the first locking arm 51; the second connecting portion 521 is a connecting mating end protruding from the second end of the second locking arm 52. The locking device is used for enhancing the connection stability in the locking state.

The unlocking assembly of the locking mechanism will now be described with reference to fig. 3 and 4.

The unlocking assembly is used for being matched with the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52, so that the second ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 have a separated unlocking state and a closed locking state. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the unlocking assembly includes:

the clamp pin frame 7 is provided with a slide way 71 which penetrates through the clamp pin frame 7 along the horizontal direction and a clamp groove 72 which is communicated with the slide way 71 along the vertical direction;

a first pin block 81 and a second pin block 82 are arranged in the slide way 71 side by side, and the upper end and the lower end of one adjacent side of the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 are respectively provided with a first chamfer; the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 are in contact with first ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52, respectively;

a detent 9, wherein the detent 9 is movably arranged in the detent 72, and the detent 9 comprises a guide post 91; wherein, the first end of the guide post 91, which is arranged in the slot 72, is provided with a second chamfer; the control lever 92 is fixedly connected to the guide post 91; the guide post 91 is also provided with a limiting part 93, and an elastic part 94 is clamped on the limiting part 93;

when the bayonet 9 moves in the bayonet groove 72, the guide post 91 has a first state of being inserted between the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82, and a second state of being separated from the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 to make the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 contact with each other.

In this embodiment, the bayonet holder 7, the bayonet 9, the first block 81, the second block 82 and the elastic member 94 are movably connected in a mechanical fit manner, and by cooperating with the first latch arm 51 and the second latch arm 52, when the first block 81 and the second block 82 are separated, the first latch arm 51 and the second latch arm 52 are in a closed latch state under the pushing of the first block 81 and the second block 82; when the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 are closed, the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are in an open unlocking state, and the unlocking state and the locking state of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are completed.

Here, the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 may move along the trajectory of the slide 71; the clamping groove 72 is used for penetrating the clamping pin 9 and providing a moving space for the clamping pin 9; the operating lever 92 is used to apply an external force to move the guide post 91; the limiting portion 93 is used for cooperating with the elastic member 94 to limit the moving stroke of the guide post 91. Here, the elastic member 94 includes, but is not limited to, a spring, and when the elastic member is a spring, the spring is sleeved on the guide post 91; the first end of the guide post 91, which is placed in the slot 72, is provided with a second chamfer to realize that the first end of the guide post 91 has a tip, and the upper and lower ends of the adjacent side of the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 are respectively provided with a first chamfer, so that the tip of the guide post 91 can be inserted between the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 to realize the separation of the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82. As shown in fig. 4, the position-limiting portion 93 is an annular protrusion structure around the guide post 91.

Here, in order to reduce the cost of raw materials, the bayonet holder 7 is provided with a hole-like structure (as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4).

Further, as shown in fig. 3, in order to reduce the force of the first and second locking arms 51 and 52 pushing the first and second pin blocks 81 and 82, the first pin block 81 is formed as an inclined surface on the side contacting with the first locking arm 51; the second pin block 82 is in an inclined surface structure on the side contacting with the second locking arm 52, so that the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 can smoothly push the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 into the slide way 71 along the inclined gradient of the inclined surfaces of the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82, and the labor-saving effect is achieved.

Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the latch frame 7 is provided with a first protrusion 101 and a second protrusion 102 on two symmetrical sides; when the first lock arm 51 and the second lock arm 52 are in the unlocked state, the latch holder 7 is latched to the first ends of the first lock arm 51 and the second lock arm 52 by the first protrusion 101 and the second protrusion 102.

In this embodiment, first projection 101 and second projection 102 achieve the effect of restraining bayonet holder 7 in the movement space of the bayonet holder formed by fixed holder 31 and first and second lock arms 51 and 52. As shown in fig. 3, when the locking mechanism is in the locking state (the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are in the closed state), the first protrusion 101 and the second protrusion 102 are respectively clamped on the upper end walls of the first slot 311 and the second slot 312 of the fixed frame 31, so that the bayonet frame 7 is restricted from moving upwards, and the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are fixed with the fixed frame 31 to fix the bayonet frame 7, thereby preventing the bayonet frame 7 from moving upwards and downwards. When the locking mechanism 3 is in the unlocked state (the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are in the open state), the first protrusion 101 and the second protrusion 102 are caught on the first ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52, and the unlocking assembly is prevented from falling out.

It should be noted that when the latch mechanism 3 is in the latched state, the resilient member 94 is in a partially compressed state, preventing the latch 9 from being automatically unlocked.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the fixing frame 31 further includes a through hole 95, and the guide post 91 is movably inserted into the through hole 95 at a second end far away from the pin clamping frame 7; the elastic member 94 is installed between the through hole 95 and the stopper 93.

It should be noted that the diameter of the through hole 95 is smaller than the diameter of the elastic member, so as to limit the elastic member between the through hole 95 and the limiting portion 93, so that during the process of installing the battery case 1, the clamping pin frame 7 is pushed to compress the elastic member 94, a reaction force is provided by the elastic member 94, the guide post 91 is squeezed between the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82, and the locking of the battery case 1 by the locking mechanism is completed.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the latch holder 7 is provided with a groove 73 at a position near the second ends of the first and second lock arms 51 and 52; when the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are in a closed locking state, the groove 73 is matched with the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 to form a locking hole.

In this embodiment, the groove 73 is matched according to the lock shaft installed on the battery case 1, for example, if the lock shaft 11 is cylindrical, the groove 73 is a semicircular groove body. The clamping and locking of the lock shaft can be realized more stably.

Based on the structural design of the unlocking assembly, the unlocking and locking operations of the unlocking assembly to control the locking mechanism are described as follows:

(1) the procedure for unlocking the locking mechanism 3 in the locked state (shown in fig. 3 and 5) by the unlocking assembly is as follows:

the operating rod 92 pushes the latch 9 upwards, the latch 9 compresses the elastic element 94, meanwhile, the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 are respectively pushed by the first ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52, the second ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are opened, and the unlocking action of the locking mechanism 3 is completed.

(2) The process of locking the locking mechanism in the unlocked state (shown in fig. 1) by the unlocking assembly is as follows:

when the battery box body 1 is installed in the quick-change station in an ascending mode, the battery box body 1 pushes the pin clamping frame 7 to ascend, the guide post 91 is squeezed into the middle of the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 through the second chamfer, the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 are separated, the first ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are pushed by the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82, the first ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 rotate around the first pin shaft 61 and the second pin shaft 62 until the second ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are closed, and at the moment, the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are clamped on the inclined surfaces of the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 respectively, and the locking action of the locking mechanism is completed.

According to the embodiment, the battery box body 1 can be automatically locked and fixed through the locking mechanism when the battery box body 1 is lifted and installed. When the battery box body 1 needs to be replaced, the bayonet lock 9 is pushed upwards by the operating rod 92, so that the battery box body 1 can be detached. The power battery replacement device has the characteristics of convenience in operation, rapidness in replacement of the power battery, and high efficiency and reliability. Compared with the existing quick-change mechanism in the market, the quick-change mechanism is simpler in structure, the locking mechanism is not constrained by the shape of the power battery, the locking structure is small in size, does not occupy the space of the battery box body, is simple and reliable in disassembly and installation mode, and is convenient for popularization and application of battery packs with appearances in any shapes.

The secondary lock member 20 attached to the first plate 21 will now be described with reference to fig. 6. Secondary locking piece 20 is used for carrying out locking once more to the locking mechanism of above-mentioned locking state and consolidates, guarantees the stability of being connected of support and battery box, prevents unexpected automatic unblock.

When the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are in the closed locking state, the secondary locking member 20 is fixedly connected with the operating lever 92.

Specifically, in fig. 6, the secondary locking member 20 includes: a rotating rod 201; one end of the rotating rod 201 is provided with a locking hook 202; the rotating rod 201 is movably connected with the first plate body 21 through a rotating shaft 203 at one end far away from the locking hook 202; when the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are in the closed locking state, the locking hook 202 is hooked on the operating lever 92. Through increasing secondary locking piece for locking mechanism, realized the secondary locking to locking mechanism, strengthened the stability and the reliability of locking state.

The unlocking and locking operation of the locking mechanism with the secondary locking member 20 will now be described:

(1) the procedure for unlocking the locking mechanism 3 in the locked state is as follows:

the unlocking device pushes the secondary locking member 20 to unlock, the operating lever 92 pushes the locking pin 9 upwards, the locking pin 9 compresses the elastic member 94, meanwhile, the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 are respectively pushed by the first ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52, the second ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are opened (separated), and the unlocking action of the locking mechanism is completed.

(2) The process of locking the locking mechanism in the unlocking state comprises the following steps:

when the battery box body 1 is installed in a quick-change station in a lifting way, the lock shaft 11 of the battery box body 1 pushes the pin clamping frame 7 to ascend, the guide post 91 is squeezed into the middle of the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 through the second chamfer, so that the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 are separated and the first ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are pushed, the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 rotate around the first pin shaft 61 and the second pin shaft 62 until the second ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are closed, and at the moment, the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are respectively clamped on the inclined surfaces of the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 of the pin block 12, and the locking action of the locking mechanism is completed; further, by rotating the rotary rod 201 of the secondary lock member 20, the lock hook 202 is hooked on the operation lever 92, and the locking operation of the lock mechanism with the secondary lock member 20 is completed. As shown in fig. 6, a locked state diagram is shown.

It should be noted that, in order to cooperate with the locking mechanism 3 to complete the installation and the disassembly of the battery box body 1, the battery box body 1 may be provided with a connecting piece which is matched with the locking mechanism 3, so as to realize the detachable connection of the battery box body 1 with the locking mechanism through the connecting piece.

The battery case 1 and the connecting member provided thereon, which are associated with the above-described locking mechanism, will be described with reference to fig. 7 and 8.

As shown in fig. 7, in an alternative embodiment, a plurality of lock shafts 11 (connecting members) are arranged on two opposite side surfaces of the battery case 1 at intervals; the battery box body 1 is detachably connected with the locking mechanism 3 through the locking shaft 11.

As shown in fig. 8, the lock shaft 11 is a cylindrical structure, including but not limited to a cylinder, a prism, etc.

According to the battery box body 1 with the lock shaft 11, when the battery box body 1 is lifted and installed, when the lock shaft 11 pushes the pin clamping frame 7 to ascend, the guide post 91 is extruded into the middle of the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 through the second chamfer, so that the first pin block 81 and the second pin block 82 are separated and push the first ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52, the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 rotate around the first pin shaft 61 and the second pin shaft 62 until the second ends of the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 are closed, the lock shaft 11 is locked in the locking hole formed by the first locking arm 51 and the second locking arm 52 and the groove 73 of the pin clamping frame 7, and therefore the locking mechanism completes fixed locking of the battery box body 1 in the process of lifting and installing the battery box body 1, and has the technical effects of convenience and quickness.

Furthermore, the locking mechanism 3 can be mounted on the quick-change bracket 2 through the fixing frame 31, wherein the quick-change bracket 2 is fixedly connected with the chassis of the vehicle, so that the vehicle can complete the locking and unlocking operations of the battery box 1 through the locking mechanism 3 on the quick-change bracket 2.

The mounting of the locking mechanism 3 to the quick-change holder 2 will now be described with reference to fig. 9 to 14.

As shown in fig. 9, the quick-change holder 2 includes: a first plate body 21 configured in an annular shape, the first plate body 21 enclosing an installation space forming the battery case body 1; the locking mechanisms 3 are mounted on the inner side surface of the first plate 21 at intervals.

It should be noted that, for the sake of stability, a plurality of locking mechanisms 3 are respectively mounted on the opposite two side surfaces of the first plate 21.

In order to further enhance the reliability of locking, a secondary locking member 20 may be added to at least one locking mechanism 3 on each side surface among the plurality of locking mechanisms 3 mounted on the opposite side surfaces of the first plate 21, so as to improve the reliability of connection between the quick-change holder 2 and the battery case 1.

As shown in fig. 9, the upper edges of two opposite sides of the first plate body 21 are further provided with a second plate body 22 that is turned outwards, and the second plate body 22 is provided with a plurality of first bolt holes 23; the second plate 22 is bolted to the vehicle body through the first bolt hole.

Specifically, two opposite side surfaces of the first plate body 21 are further connected with a first mounting structure 24 and a second mounting structure 25 respectively; the first mounting structure 24 and the second mounting structure 25 are provided with second bolt holes to be connected with the vehicle body through the second bolt holes.

It should be noted that a plurality of third mounting holes are further provided on the fixing frame 31 of the locking mechanism 3, a plurality of fourth mounting holes for matching and connecting with the third mounting holes on the fixing frame 31 are provided on the first plate body 21, and the locking mechanism 3 and the first plate body 21 are fixedly connected by penetrating the third mounting holes and the fourth mounting holes through bolts.

The mounting of the locking mechanism 3 to the quick-change holder 2 is explained below with reference to fig. 10 to 14.

As shown in fig. 10, a side view of the mounted state of the locking mechanism with the quick-change holder and the battery case is shown. As can be seen in fig. 10, as an embodiment, the secondary locking element 20 can also be mounted on the outer side of the quick-change holder 2. As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the locking mechanism 3 is fixed to the inner side surface of the quick-change holder 2 (the inner side surface of the first plate 21) by bolts.

It should be noted that, based on the above-mentioned locking mechanism 3, the first plate 21 of the quick-change bracket 2 should also be provided with a strip-shaped through hole (as shown in fig. 12) at the mounting position corresponding to the locking mechanism 3; when the battery box 1 is connected with the quick-change bracket 2, the operating rod 92 extends outwards through the strip-shaped through hole.

As can be seen from fig. 12, the operating rod 92 of the locking pin 9 is disposed through the strip-shaped through hole of the quick-change holder 2, the operating rod 92 extends out of the outer side surface of the quick-change holder 2, and the unlocking operation of the unlocking mechanism is completed by pushing the operating rod 92.

To facilitate the installation of the battery case 1 and the locking mechanism 3, fig. 13 is a schematic view of the installation of the battery case 1 and the locking mechanism 3 with the quick-change bracket 2 hidden. In fig. 13, when the battery case 1 is connected to the quick-change bracket 2, the lock shaft 11 of the battery case 1 is locked into the lock hole formed by the locking mechanism 3, so as to fix the battery case 1.

Fig. 14 is a schematic plan view showing the mounted state of the battery case 1 with the locking mechanism 3 and the quick-change holder 2. In fig. 14, the quick-change holder 2 is formed with a receiving space for a battery box, and the quick-change holder 2 can be mounted on a chassis of a vehicle body. Connect a plurality of locking mechanism 3 respectively on two sides that first plate body 21 is relative in quick change support 2, carry out detachable with battery box and first plate body 21 through locking mechanism 3 and be connected, convenient power battery's installation and dismantlement process have improved power battery's change efficiency.

The utility model discloses still an electric automobile, electric automobile includes as above locking mechanism.

According to the scheme, the locking mechanism is provided. The locking mechanism comprises a fixed frame 31, a first locking arm 51, a second locking arm 52, a first pin shaft 61, a second pin shaft 62, a bayonet frame 7, a bayonet 9, an elastic element 94 (spring), a first pin block 81 and a second pin block 82. Locking mechanism accessible bolt fastening is on two medial surfaces that quick change support 2 is relative, quick change support 2 and vehicle body chassis fixed connection to be connected with battery box detachable through above-mentioned locking mechanism.

Compared with the existing locking mechanism in the market, the locking mechanism has the advantages of small size, simpler structure, and simple and reliable unlocking and locking modes. The unlocking mode only needs to jack up the secondary locking mechanism 20 and the bayonet 9; the locking process is simple, only need promote battery box 1 vertical upward movement can accomplish the locking, need not other actions, is fit for any shape battery box.

In addition, this locking mechanism does not account for battery box's too much space, only needs the quantity that increases locking mechanism to realize fixing battery box 1, is convenient for realize the universalization, has the effect that the dismantlement mode is simple reliable, and any shape outward appearance battery package of being convenient for is popularized and applied.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or can communicate with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

In the present disclosure, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact between the first and second features, or may comprise contact between the first and second features not directly. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

The foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and that such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (13)

1. A locking mechanism, comprising: a fixed frame (31) and a clamping component; the fixed frame (31) forms a movable space of the clamping component;

the clamping assembly comprises: a first lock arm (51) and a second lock arm (52);

the first locking arm (51) and the second locking arm (52) are movably connected with the fixed frame (31);

the first locking arm (51) and the second locking arm (52) have an open unlocked state and a closed locked state.

2. The locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the clamping assembly further comprises: the unlocking assembly is movably connected with the first locking arm (51) and the second locking arm (52);

the first locking arm (51) and the second locking arm (52) form a movable space of the unlocking assembly with the fixed frame (31).

3. The locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the fixing frame (31) is provided with a first slot (311) and a second slot (312) on two symmetrical sides;

a first shaft hole (41) is formed in the wall of the first open slot (311);

a second shaft hole (42) is formed in the groove wall of the second open groove (312);

the first ends of the first locking arm (51) and the second locking arm (52) are respectively movably connected with the first shaft hole (41) and the second shaft hole (42) through a first pin shaft (61) and a second pin shaft (62).

4. The locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first locking arm (51) and the second locking arm (52) are each a bent piece.

5. The locking mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that the second ends of the first locking arm (51) and the second locking arm (52) are provided with a first connection portion (511) and a second connection portion (521), respectively;

when the first locking arm (51) and the second locking arm (52) are in a locking state, the first connecting part (511) and the second connecting part (521) are overlapped and connected.

6. The locking mechanism of claim 3, wherein the unlocking assembly comprises:

the clamp pin rack (7) is provided with a slide way (71) which penetrates through the clamp pin rack (7) along the horizontal direction and a clamp groove (72) which is communicated with the slide way (71) along the vertical direction;

a first pin block (81) and a second pin block (82) are arranged in the slide way (71) side by side, and the upper end and the lower end of one side, adjacent to the first pin block (81) and the second pin block (82), are respectively provided with a first chamfer; the first pin block (81) and the second pin block (82) are in contact with first ends of the first locking arm (51) and the second locking arm (52), respectively;

a bayonet (9), the bayonet (9) being movably disposed in the bayonet (72), the bayonet (9) comprising a guide post (91);

wherein a first end of the guide post (91) arranged in the clamping groove (72) is provided with a second chamfer; the guide post (91) is fixedly connected with an operating lever (92);

the guide post (91) is also provided with a limiting part (93), and an elastic piece (94) is clamped on the limiting part (93);

when the bayonet lock (9) moves in the bayonet lock groove (72), the guide post (91) has a first state of being inserted between the first pin block (81) and the second pin block (82), and a second state of being separated from the first pin block (81) and the second pin block (82) and making the first pin block (81) and the second pin block (82) fit with each other.

7. The locking mechanism of claim 6, wherein the fixing frame (31) further comprises a through hole (95), and the guide post (91) is movably inserted into the through hole (95) at a second end far away from the pin clamping frame (7);

the elastic piece (94) is installed between the through hole (95) and the limiting part (93).

8. The latch mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that the catch holder (7) is provided with a recess (73) near the second ends of the first latch arm (51) and the second latch arm (52);

when the first locking arm (51) and the second locking arm (52) are in a closed locking state, the groove (73) is matched with the first locking arm (51) and the second locking arm (52) to form a locking hole.

9. The locking mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that the first pin (81) is of a ramp construction on the side in contact with the first locking arm (51);

the second pin block (82) is of a bevel structure on the side contacting with the second locking arm (52).

10. The locking mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that the catch holder (7) is provided with a first protrusion (101) and a second protrusion (102) on symmetrical sides, respectively;

when the first locking arm (51) and the second locking arm (52) are in the unlocking state, the latch holder (7) is latched to the first ends of the first locking arm (51) and the second locking arm (52) through the first convex part (101) and the second convex part (102).

11. The lock mechanism according to any one of claims 6 to 10, further comprising: a secondary lock (20);

the secondary locking piece (20) is movably connected with the fixed frame (31);

when the locking mechanism is in a locking state, the secondary locking piece (20) is fixedly connected with the operating lever (92).

12. The locking mechanism of claim 11, wherein the secondary lock (20) comprises: a rotating rod (201);

one end of the rotating rod (201) is provided with a locking hook (202);

the rotating rod (201) is connected with the fixed frame (31) through a rotating shaft (203) at one end far away from the locking hook (202);

when the locking mechanism is in a locking state, the locking hook (202) is hung and buckled on the operating rod (92).

13. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising the lock mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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