CN210833422U - Real-time measurement system for slope deformation and displacement parameters - Google Patents
Real-time measurement system for slope deformation and displacement parameters Download PDFInfo
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- CN210833422U CN210833422U CN201921921024.5U CN201921921024U CN210833422U CN 210833422 U CN210833422 U CN 210833422U CN 201921921024 U CN201921921024 U CN 201921921024U CN 210833422 U CN210833422 U CN 210833422U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a real-time measuring system for slope deformation and displacement parameters, which comprises a plurality of measuring targets arranged on the measured slope and a detecting unit arranged at the far end; the detection unit comprises a shell, a bottom plate, a lens, an optical filter, an image sensor and a detection circuit board; the measuring target comprises an LED lamp array, a driving circuit board and a photosensitive diode; the surface of the driving circuit board is provided with the LED lamp array and the photosensitive diode. The utility model discloses install photodiode on the target, real-time measurement background light intensity amplitude to the electric current of LED lamp on the feedback control target, and then change target LED's light-emitting luminance, promptly: under the background of strong light, the current of the LED is increased so as to increase the brightness of the target; and the current of the LED is reduced under the background of weak light, so that the brightness of the target is reduced, and the dynamic range of CCD signals and the consistency of displacement measurement results are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering monitoring, concretely relates to real-time measurement system of side slope deformation and displacement parameter.
Background
With the continuous promotion of the construction of the national traffic infrastructure, more and more expressways and railways are put into operation. The side slope is one of the main factors influencing the safety of roads, personnel and property, and due to the influence of external environments such as geology, weather and the like, the maintenance and management tasks of the side slope are extremely difficult. Monitoring the displacement change of the surface of the side slope is a basic method for evaluating the health condition of the side slope, and a real-time, long-term and accurate measurement method and system for the displacement of the surface of the side slope are established, so that the method and the system have very important significance for safety evaluation, health operation and prevention and reinforcement of traffic infrastructure.
In practical engineering, when states such as slope stability and the like are monitored, the surface deformation of the slope is the most remarkable point representing the change of the state of the slope. If the displacement of the side slope can be accurately monitored and the deformation trend of the side slope can be predicted, relevant measures can be taken as early as possible, and therefore harm caused by the problems of side slope sliding and the like is greatly reduced.
Traditional slope monitoring methods such as displacement meters, inclinometers, manual observation and the like have the defects of low efficiency, high cost, low detection accuracy and the like to a certain extent due to the limitations of technologies, conditions and the like. With the increasing improvement of computer image identification and processing technology, the non-contact image measurement method has more and more paid attention in the fields of monitoring deformation and the like, and the image identification and processing technology is adopted to achieve the acquisition of target parameters, so that the requirement of measuring displacement is met. The method is low in cost, convenient to implement, free of later maintenance and the like, and is suitable for observing the deformation of the surface layer of the side slope due to the characteristics.
Chinese patent No. 201420164922.1, "a remote displacement measuring device", discloses a remote displacement measuring device, including a target set on a measured object and a remote displacement sensor set at a remote fixed fulcrum; the remote displacement sensor comprises an optical lens, an image sensor, an image acquisition card, a GPS receiver and a wireless data transmitter; the output end of the image sensor is connected with the input end of the image acquisition card, and the output end of the image acquisition card and the output end of the GPS receiver are connected with the synchronous transmitting end of the wireless data transmitter; an optical lens is aimed at a target disposed on a target to be measured. The measuring device adopts the image sensor to obtain the image of the target on the measured target, obtains the displacement parameter of the bridge through image processing, has the characteristics of simple and reliable structure, large measuring range and the like, and is suitable for long-term, online and multipoint displacement measurement.
The above technique has the following problems in application: when the CCD is used for field slope measurement, due to strong sunlight in the daytime, even if a narrow-band filter is arranged in front of the CCD, strong background light still enters the CCD, and a signal background signal of a CCD camera is strong; when the system is applied at night, the signal background signal is weakened, and the dynamic range of the measuring system and the consistency of the measuring result are finally influenced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The defect to prior art exists, the utility model provides a real-time measurement system of side slope deformation and displacement parameter can effectively solve above-mentioned problem.
The utility model adopts the technical scheme as follows:
the utility model provides a real-time measuring system for slope deformation and displacement parameters, which comprises a plurality of measuring targets (200) arranged on a measured slope (100) and a detecting unit (300) arranged at a far end;
the detection unit (300) comprises a shell (301), a bottom plate (302), a lens (303), an optical filter (304), an image sensor (305) and a detection circuit board (306); the rear end of the shell (301) is fixed with the bottom plate (302); a passage is formed between the shell (301) and the bottom plate (302), and the center of the passage is a detection optical axis; coaxially arranging the lens (303), the filter (304) and the image sensor (305) in this order from front to back along the detection optical axis; the bottom plate (302) also fixes the detection circuit board (306); the image sensor (305) is electrically connected with the detection circuit board (306);
the measurement target (200) comprises an LED lamp array (201), a driving circuit board (202) and a photosensitive diode (203); the LED lamp array (201) and the photosensitive diode (203) are arranged on the surface of the driving circuit board (202); the input end of the driving circuit board (202) is connected with the photosensitive diode (203), and the output end of the driving circuit board (202) is connected with the adjusting end of the driving current of the LED lamp array (201);
the optical filter (304) of the detection unit (300) is matched with the luminous spectrum wave band of the LED lamp array (201).
Preferably, the detection unit (300) further comprises a fixed stop (307); the lens (303) is fixed by the fixed stopper (307).
Preferably, the detection unit (300) further comprises a component (308); the component (308) is connected with the detection circuit board (306).
Preferably, the LED lamp array (201) comprises a plurality of LED lamps; each LED lamp is arranged in a cross shape.
Preferably, the driving circuit board (202) comprises an operational amplifier (2021), an analog-to-digital converter (2022), a single chip microcomputer (2023), a PWM pulse generator (2024), a constant current source chip (2025), a feedback resistor (2026) and a direct current power supply (2027);
the input end of the operational amplifier (2021) is connected with the photosensitive diode (203); the output end of the operational amplifier (2021) is connected with the input end of the analog-to-digital converter (2022); the output end of the analog-to-digital converter (2022) is connected to the detection end of the singlechip (2023); the driving end of the singlechip (2023) is connected to the switch enabling end of the constant current source chip (2025) through the PWM pulse generator (2024); the current sampling end of the constant current source chip (2025) is connected with the direct current power supply (2027) through the feedback resistor (2026); the current sampling end of the constant current source chip (2025) and the drain end of the power switch are connected in series with the LED lamp array (201).
The utility model provides a pair of side slope deformation and displacement parameter's real-time measurement system has following advantage:
the utility model discloses install photodiode on the target, real-time measurement background light intensity amplitude to the electric current of LED lamp on the feedback control target, and then change target LED's light-emitting luminance, promptly: under the background of strong light, the current of the LED is increased so as to increase the brightness of the target; and the current of the LED is reduced under the background of weak light, so that the brightness of the target is reduced, and the dynamic range of CCD signals and the consistency of displacement measurement results are ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a real-time measurement system for slope deformation and displacement parameters provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a measurement target provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the driving circuit board provided by the present invention.
Wherein:
100: a measured side slope;
200: measuring a target; 201: an LED lamp array; 202: a drive circuit board; 2021: an operational amplifier; 2022: an analog-to-digital converter; 2023: a single chip microcomputer; 2024: a PWM pulse generator; 2025: a constant current source chip; 2026: a feedback resistor; 2027: a direct current power supply; 203: a photodiode;
300: a detection unit; 301: a housing; 302: a base plate; 303: a lens; 304: an optical filter; 305: an image sensor; 306: detecting the circuit board; 307: fixing a stop block; 308: and (6) a component.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problem, technical solution and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments to further explain the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
The utility model discloses to the not enough of present CCD displacement measurement technique, install photosensitive diode real-time measurement background light intensity on photoelectric target to the electric current of LED lamp on the feedback control target, and then according to the luminance of background light intensity change target.
Specifically, the utility model discloses a CCD image sensor acquires the image change along with time of target on the side slope in real time to can obtain the displacement of bridge and be the deformation parameter, realize real-time, remote, high accuracy monitoring. Wherein, the target chooses for use infrared LED lamp, CCD image sensor to set up assorted narrowband filter before, carries out the filtering through narrowband filter to daytime's background light, installs photodiode simultaneously on the target, real-time measurement background light intensity amplitude to the electric current of LED lamp on the feedback control target, and then change target LED's light-emitting luminance, promptly: under the background of strong light, the current of the LED is increased so as to increase the brightness of the target; and the current of the LED is reduced under the background of weak light, so that the brightness of the target is reduced, and the dynamic range of CCD signals and the consistency of displacement measurement results are ensured.
The utility model provides a real-time measurement system of side slope deformation and displacement parameter, refer to fig. 1, including setting up a plurality of measuring target 200 and the detecting element 300 of setting at the distal end on surveyed side slope 100.
The following describes the detection unit 300 and the measurement target 200 in detail, respectively:
The detection unit 300 includes a housing 301, a base plate 302, a lens 303, an optical filter 304, an image sensor 305, and a detection circuit board 306; a bottom plate 302 is fixed at the rear end of the housing 301; a passage is formed between the shell 301 and the bottom plate 302, and the center of the passage is a detection optical axis; a lens 303, an optical filter 304 and an image sensor 305 are coaxially arranged along the detection optical axis from front to back in sequence; the center wavelength of the optical filter is 850nm, and the half width of the optical filter is 30 nm. The detection unit 300 further comprises a fixed stop 307, and in practice, the lens 303 is fixed by the fixed stop 307.
The chassis 302 also holds a probe circuit board 306; the image sensor 305 is electrically connected with the detection circuit board 306;
the detection unit 300 further includes a component 308; the component 308 is connected to the probe circuit board 306.
The working principle of the detection unit 300 is as follows:
the image sensor 305 images the measurement targets 200 on the detected side slope 100 through the lens 303, so that the centroid position of each measurement target 200 in each frame of image can be monitored, since the position of the image sensor 305 is fixed during measurement, the change of the centroid position of the obtained target image can represent the variation of the displacement or deformation parameter of the detected side slope along with time, the measurement result of each measurement target 200 represents the parameter at the target position, and the displacement or deformation parameter profile of the whole detected side slope 100 can be obtained through a plurality of target results.
In practical application, referring to fig. 1, the lens 303 is fixed at the front end of the housing 301 through the fixed stopper 307, the housing 301 is connected to the bottom plate 302, a through hole is formed in the center of the bottom plate 302, the image sensor 305 is welded to the detection circuit board 306, the detection circuit board 306 is fixed to the bottom plate 302, the image sensor 305 is disposed opposite to the through hole, and the optical filter 304 is disposed between the bottom plate 302 and the image sensor 305.
The detection circuit board 306 is provided with a component 308 which comprises a single chip microcomputer and a wireless transmission device electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer processes and stores image data collected by the image sensor, the image data are sent to a remote terminal computer at a far end through the wireless transmission device, and the remote terminal computer finally obtains an absolute displacement value according to a transformation process of the target lamp. When the target lamp is used, the remote terminal computer carries out smoothing, sharpening, corrosion, expansion, denoising and other processing on the shot target lamp graph, then the position change of the center of a circle of the target light source is obtained through a least square method, and therefore the displacement of the target is obtained, and finally the displacement and deformation parameters of the side slope are obtained by combining the conversion relation between the CCD pixels and the actual distance.
(II) measurement target 200
The measurement target 200 includes an LED lamp array 201, a driving circuit board 202, and a photodiode 203. The measurement target 200 is imaged on the image sensor 305 by the lens 303.
Referring to fig. 2, an LED lamp array 201 includes a plurality of LED lamps; the center wavelength of the LED lamp is 850 nm. The LED lamps are arranged in a cross shape, so that the calculation of the centroid position of the light spot image is facilitated.
In the application, in order to realize all-weather measurement in daytime and at night, the LED lamp selects a high-power LED lamp with 850nm wavelength invisible to human eyes, and meanwhile, the optical filter 304 selects a narrow-passband optical filter with the central wavelength of 850nm and the half-width of 30nm for filtering most background light in daytime. Thus, the filter 304 matches the wavelength of the LED lamp.
The surface of the driving circuit board 202 is provided with an LED lamp array 201 and a photosensitive diode 203;
the input end of the driving circuit board 202 is connected with the photosensitive diode 203, and the output end of the driving circuit board 202 is connected with the adjusting end of the driving current of the LED lamp array 201; the filter 304 of the detection unit 300 is matched with the light-emitting spectrum band of the LED lamp array 201. The driving circuit board 202 collects signals of the photodiode 203 and feedback-controls driving current applied to the LED lamp.
Referring to fig. 3, the driving circuit board 202 includes an operational amplifier 2021, an analog-to-digital converter 2022, a single chip microcomputer 2023, a PWM pulse generator 2024, a constant current source chip 2025, a feedback resistor 2026, and a dc power supply 2027;
the input end of the operational amplifier 2021 is connected to the photodiode 203; the output end of the operational amplifier 2021 is connected with the input end of the analog-to-digital converter 2022; the output end of the analog-to-digital converter 2022 is connected to the detection end of the singlechip 2023; the driving end of the singlechip 2023 is connected to the switch enabling end of the constant current source chip 2025 through the PWM pulse generator 2024; the current sampling end of the constant current source chip 2025 is connected with the direct current power supply 2027 through the feedback resistor 2026; the current sampling end of the constant current source chip 2025 and the drain end of the power switch are connected in series with the LED lamp array 201.
The working principle is as follows:
the photodiode 203 converts the illumination intensity into a current signal, the operational amplifier 2021 converts the weak current of the photodiode into a voltage signal, and the analog-to-digital converter 2022 collects the voltage signal and uploads the voltage signal to the singlechip 2023; the single chip microcomputer 2023 controls a PWM signal generated by the PWM pulse generator 2024 to drive the constant current source chip according to the illumination intensity, and further adjusts the output current of the constant current source chip 2025, thereby realizing the brightness adjustment of the LED lamp.
The specific principle of the driving circuit board 202 is as follows: as shown in fig. 3, the photodiode 203 converts the illumination intensity into a current signal, the operational amplifier 2021 converts the weak current of the photodiode into a voltage signal, and the analog-to-digital converter 2022 collects the voltage signal and uploads the voltage signal to the single chip; the single chip microcomputer controls the PWM pulse generator 2024, so that the PWM pulse generator 2024 generates a PWM signal for driving the constant current source chip, that is: the single chip microcomputer generates a PWM control signal according to the illumination intensity to control the current of the constant current source, the constant current source chip 2025 selects an LED special driving chip PT4115, the CSN (current sampling end) end of the chip is communicated with a 12V direct current power supply 2027 through a feedback resistor, the DIM (switch enabling end) end is communicated with the output end of the PWM pulse generator, and the CSN end and the SW (drain end of a power switch) end are connected with an LED lamp in series.
In daytime, the current of the LED is increased under a strong light background, so that the brightness of the target is increased, and the current of the LED is decreased under a weak light background, so that the brightness of the target is reduced, and the dynamic range of CCD signals and the consistency of displacement measurement results are ensured. It should be noted that the control circuit may also be separated from the single chip, and be composed of separate devices, such as an analog-to-digital conversion chip and a PWM pulse generation chip, and implement feedback control of the LED lamp through analog circuit design.
Therefore, because sunlight is strong in the daytime in the open air, even if a narrow-band filter is arranged in front of the CCD, strong background light still enters the CCD, so that a signal background signal of the CCD camera is strong, and when the CCD camera is applied at night, the signal background signal is weakened. The utility model discloses installed photodiode on every measurement target, real-time measurement background light intensity amplitude to LED's electric current on the feedback control target, and then change target LED's light-emitting luminance, promptly: and under the background of strong light, the current of the LED is increased so as to increase the brightness of the target, and under the background of weak light, the current of the LED is decreased so as to reduce the brightness of the target, so that the dynamic range of the CCD signal and the consistency of the displacement measurement result are ensured.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and decorations should also be viewed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A real-time measurement system for slope deformation and displacement parameters is characterized by comprising a plurality of measurement targets (200) arranged on a measured slope (100) and a detection unit (300) arranged at a far end;
the detection unit (300) comprises a shell (301), a bottom plate (302), a lens (303), an optical filter (304), an image sensor (305) and a detection circuit board (306); the rear end of the shell (301) is fixed with the bottom plate (302); a passage is formed between the shell (301) and the bottom plate (302), and the center of the passage is a detection optical axis; coaxially arranging the lens (303), the filter (304) and the image sensor (305) in this order from front to back along the detection optical axis; the bottom plate (302) also fixes the detection circuit board (306); the image sensor (305) is electrically connected with the detection circuit board (306);
the measurement target (200) comprises an LED lamp array (201), a driving circuit board (202) and a photosensitive diode (203); the LED lamp array (201) and the photosensitive diode (203) are arranged on the surface of the driving circuit board (202); the input end of the driving circuit board (202) is connected with the photosensitive diode (203), and the output end of the driving circuit board (202) is connected with the adjusting end of the driving current of the LED lamp array (201);
the optical filter (304) of the detection unit (300) is matched with the luminous spectrum wave band of the LED lamp array (201).
2. The system for real-time measurement of slope deformation and displacement parameters according to claim 1, wherein said detection unit (300) further comprises a fixed stop (307); the lens (303) is fixed by the fixed stopper (307).
3. The system for real-time measurement of slope deformation and displacement parameters according to claim 1, wherein said detection unit (300) further comprises a component (308); the component (308) is connected with the detection circuit board (306).
4. The system for real-time measurement of slope deformation and displacement parameters according to claim 1, wherein said LED lamp array (201) comprises a plurality of LED lamps; each LED lamp is arranged in a cross shape.
5. The system for real-time measurement of slope deformation and displacement parameters according to claim 1, wherein the driving circuit board (202) comprises an operational amplifier (2021), an analog-to-digital converter (2022), a single chip microcomputer (2023), a PWM pulse generator (2024), a constant current source chip (2025), a feedback resistor (2026) and a dc power supply (2027);
the input end of the operational amplifier (2021) is connected with the photosensitive diode (203); the output end of the operational amplifier (2021) is connected with the input end of the analog-to-digital converter (2022); the output end of the analog-to-digital converter (2022) is connected to the detection end of the singlechip (2023); the driving end of the singlechip (2023) is connected to the switch enabling end of the constant current source chip (2025) through the PWM pulse generator (2024); the current sampling end of the constant current source chip (2025) is connected with the direct current power supply (2027) through the feedback resistor (2026); the current sampling end of the constant current source chip (2025) and the drain end of the power switch are connected in series with the LED lamp array (201).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921921024.5U CN210833422U (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2019-11-08 | Real-time measurement system for slope deformation and displacement parameters |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112539708A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-23 | 北京北大千方科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional monitoring system, method, medium and equipment for slope deformation |
| CN113156668A (en) * | 2021-04-10 | 2021-07-23 | 杨欣德 | Shading view device |
| CN114383575A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-22 | 中国测绘科学研究院 | Geological disaster monitoring method for gyroscope-assisted close-range survey |
-
2019
- 2019-11-08 CN CN201921921024.5U patent/CN210833422U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112539708A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-23 | 北京北大千方科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional monitoring system, method, medium and equipment for slope deformation |
| CN112539708B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-08-16 | 北京北大千方科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional monitoring system, method, medium and equipment for slope deformation |
| CN113156668A (en) * | 2021-04-10 | 2021-07-23 | 杨欣德 | Shading view device |
| CN113156668B (en) * | 2021-04-10 | 2022-05-24 | 杨欣德 | Shading view device |
| CN114383575A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-22 | 中国测绘科学研究院 | Geological disaster monitoring method for gyroscope-assisted close-range survey |
| CN114383575B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2024-03-22 | 中国测绘科学研究院 | Geological disaster monitoring method for gyroscope-assisted close-range measurement |
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