CN210826055U - Meshing roller type garbage pyrolysis system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an engagement roller formula rubbish pyrolysis system, including engagement roller formula pyrolytic reaction ware, engagement roller formula pyrolytic reaction ware's feed inlet has connected gradually feed system and pretreatment systems, engagement roller formula pyrolytic reaction ware's high temperature electrothermal tube is connected with outside electric heating system, engagement roller formula pyrolytic reaction ware's initiative compression roller is connected with outside drive arrangement, engagement roller formula pyrolytic reaction ware's gas vent is connected with the gas-solid separator, the first gas outlet and the pyrolysis gas condensing system of gas-solid separator are connected, pyrolysis gas condensing system's second gas outlet and combustible gas tank connection, pyrolysis gas condensing system's leakage fluid dram and liquid collecting box are connected. The utility model discloses an engagement roller formula rubbish pyrolysis system has solved original rubbish fever and has had that heat consumption is big, be difficult to adapt to complicated rubbish composition and cause secondary pollution's problem easily.

Description

Meshing roller type garbage pyrolysis system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of rubbish utilization and innocent treatment, especially, relate to an engagement roller formula rubbish pyrolysis system.

Background

With the increase of population and the development of economy, more and more cities face the current situation of the domestic garbage city, which becomes a global trend. Domestic waste is an adjunct to urban development, producing billions of tons of waste each year as required by cities and human operations. On one hand, the amount of the garbage is continuously increased, on the other hand, the environmental protection requirement is gradually strict, if no efficient cleaning treatment means is available, the excessive garbage becomes the primary threat of the life health of people, and the problem which needs to be solved in the future for developing and cleaning cities is solved.

Municipal solid waste can be mainly classified into three types: organic kitchen garbage, toilet paper, fruit shells and other degradable garbage, waste paper, plastic, glass, metal and other recyclable garbage, and battery, lamp tube, overdue medicine and other toxic and harmful garbage. Because domestic household garbage is not classified in place, various types of garbage are difficult to classify and treat by adopting a proper method. At present, the common methods for treating the domestic garbage include sanitary landfill, composting and incineration. At present, most of domestic garbage is treated in a landfill mode, and the method has the advantages of simple operation and wide adaptability, but also easily causes the problems of underground water pollution, land resource shortage, greenhouse gas emission and the like. The composting treatment is a method for decomposing, decomposing and converting organic matters in the domestic garbage into stable soil similar to rotten plants under the condition of manual control by virtue of the biochemical action of microorganisms, but the prior art is difficult to treat harmful substances such as chlorine, benzene and heavy metals in the domestic garbage, and the domestic garbage cannot be directly used as a fertilizer. The burning mode can kill germs in the household garbage, has good volume reduction and weight reduction effects, can utilize the burning energy of the household garbage to generate electricity and supply heat, but can generate pollutants such as SOx, NOx, HCl, dioxin, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the like in the burning process to easily cause secondary pollution.

In view of the severe situation of the city enclosed by domestic garbage, in recent years, more and more scholars are engaged in the research of novel garbage treatment modes, such as biochemical treatment or pyrolysis treatment. The method for treating the municipal domestic waste by adopting the pyrolysis technology has the advantages of wide raw material application, short treatment period, high conversion efficiency and the like, can inhibit the generation of harmful substances such as dioxin and the like, and can convert the components of the municipal domestic waste into gas-liquid fuel convenient to utilize. At present, pyrolysis technologies mainly based on coal, biomass and other raw materials are mature, but the pyrolysis technologies are difficult to apply to original garbage which is not subjected to screening treatment. Pyrolysis using raw household waste has significant problems: (1) the water content is high, the fluctuation is large, and meanwhile, as the pyrolysis process is a heat absorption process, a large amount of heat needs to be continuously and flexibly provided for the pyrolysis reactor; (2) the components of the garbage are complex and greatly fluctuated, and the garbage is easily influenced by factors such as seasons, sources and the like, and the conventional pyrolysis reactor is difficult to quickly adapt to the change of conditions required by pyrolysis; (3) the garbage contains a large amount of Cl, Hg and other pollution elements, and secondary pollution is easily caused in the treatment process. Therefore, how to solve the above problems is the key point of developing the garbage pyrolysis reactor at present.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide an engagement roller formula rubbish pyrolysis system for there is the waste composition that the calorific capacity is big, be difficult to adapt to complicacy and cause secondary pollution's problem easily in solving original domestic waste fever.

The utility model adopts the technical scheme that an engagement roller type garbage pyrolysis system comprises:

the meshing roller type pyrolysis reactor comprises a closed container, a feed inlet, a first solid outlet and an exhaust port are formed in the closed container, the feed inlet is sequentially connected with a feed system and a pretreatment system, a driving compression roller and a driven compression roller which are meshed with each other are rotatably arranged in the closed container, and materials enter from the feed inlet and fall at the meshing position of the driving compression roller and the driven compression roller; the roll shafts of the driving compression roller and the driven compression roller are both of hollow structures, heat conduction materials are filled in the roll shafts, high-temperature electric heating tubes are arranged at the end parts of the roll shafts and are connected with an external electric heating system, and the driving compression roller is connected with an external driving device;

the gas-solid separator is provided with a first gas inlet, a first gas outlet and a second solid outlet, the first gas inlet is connected with the gas outlet, and the first solid outlet and the second solid outlet are both connected with the solid collecting box;

the pyrolysis gas condensing system comprises a second gas inlet, a second gas outlet and a liquid outlet, the second gas inlet is connected with the first gas outlet, the second gas outlet is connected with a combustible gas storage tank, and the liquid outlet is connected with a liquid collecting box.

The technical proposal of the utility model is also characterized in that,

the pretreatment system comprises an electromagnetic screening machine, a centrifugal machine, a crushing screening machine, a dehydration dryer and a dosing device.

The feeding system is a screw feeder or a belt conveyor.

The pyrolysis gas condensing system is a spray condenser and/or a falling film condenser.

The conductive material is high-temperature molten salt.

The driving compression roller and the driven compression roller are arranged side by side, the roller diameters of the driving compression roller and the driven compression roller are 200mm-600mm, and the modulus of the gear teeth on the surfaces of the driving compression roller and the driven compression roller is 3mm-14 mm.

And the roll shafts of the driving compression roller and the driven compression roller are rotatably arranged in the closed container through bearings.

The driving device is a motor, and a roller shaft of the driving compression roller is connected with a rotating shaft of the motor through a speed reducer.

And a pair of meshed gears is arranged on the roll shafts of the driving compression roller and the driven compression roller.

The bottom of the closed container and the bottom of the gas-solid separator are both in a conical structure, and the first solid outlet and the second solid outlet are positioned at the bottommost end of the conical structure.

The utility model has the advantages that: the meshing roller type garbage pyrolysis device has the core that a meshing roller type pyrolysis reactor is adopted, garbage fragments subjected to screening, crushing and drying pretreatment are rolled through forced meshing of high-temperature rollers (driving compression roller and driven compression roller), are further torn, and are rapidly heated and pyrolyzed; the generated pyrolysis gas is rapidly condensed after gas-solid separation to obtain the bio-oil, and the advantages mainly comprise: (1) the heat transfer efficiency is high: the garbage fragments are forcedly meshed and rolled by two toothed high-temperature compression rollers (a driving compression roller and a driven compression roller), so that the high-temperature roller surface is fully contacted with the garbage, the heat exchange is strong, and the garbage fragments are rapidly heated and decomposed; (2) reducing the impact wear of the device: because the forced rolling heat transfer is carried out by the pressure of the compression roller, a hot carrier solid which is easy to wear is not needed, and the collision wear between the garbage and a metal component of the device is reduced; (3) the pyrolysis reaction condition is convenient to regulate and control: the required parameters such as pyrolysis reaction temperature, reaction time, heat transfer area and the like can be conveniently adjusted by controlling the speed of the feeding device, the current flowing through the electric heating pipe and the rotating speed of the compression roller and replacing gear compression rollers with different moduli and sizes, so that the reaction conditions can be rapidly adjusted according to different wastes from different sources to be suitable for the pyrolysis reaction of different wastes and realize high-efficiency conversion; (4) the adaptability to garbage sources is wide: the forced rolling between the rollers generates larger pressure, and the garbage is continuously torn and crushed in the pyrolysis process through the insection, so that the size of garbage fragments does not need to be too small, the power consumption of the crusher is reduced, and meanwhile, the crusher can better adapt to different types of garbage; (5) the transmission is stable: the simple support shaft is adopted, so that the transmission stability is high; meanwhile, because the roller compaction is adopted, the heat exchange of the material and the wall surface in high-speed contact is not relied on, the rotating speed is not required to be too high, and the relative stability is higher; (6) convenient, the heat transfer volume is big, the heat transfer is effectual of accuse temperature: the heat exchanger which is electrically heated but not used for high-temperature media is used, so that the temperature in the reactor can be regulated and controlled more accurately and quickly; meanwhile, the current is used for heating the heat-conducting medium so as to indirectly heat the roller body, and the device has the characteristics of uniform temperature distribution, large heat storage capacity, large buffer capacity for dealing with the fluctuation of garbage components and the like, and has good heat exchange effect; (7) compact structure, easily expand the handling capacity: the roller surface heat exchange is used, an external heat carrier is not needed, the related auxiliary devices are avoided, and the space utilization rate is high. Meanwhile, the overall treatment efficiency of the device is improved by increasing the length of the reactor, increasing the length of the roller and increasing the number of pyrolysis reactors connected in parallel; (8) clean, safe, the popularization of being convenient for: the electric heating is directly used, the traditional heat supply mode is not adopted, the efficiency is reduced from the energy utilization aspect, but the pyrolysis reactor can be separated from the combustion reaction process which is huge, seriously polluted and more dangerous by adopting the electric heating, the miniaturization and the cleanness of the pyrolysis reaction device are facilitated, the device is safer, and the device can be suitable for urban communities with stricter environmental protection requirements; (9) reduce the refuse treatment cost, promote the rubbish utilization efficiency: and respectively collecting and storing the solid residue, the bio-oil and the non-condensable pyrolysis gas, and transporting the solid residue, the bio-oil and the non-condensable pyrolysis gas to a specified place for corresponding treatment such as combustion power generation and the like. Can subtract heavy decrement to rubbish on the spot in urban community, only need carry the pyrolysis product that energy density is high, small, remove the collection storage place of rubbish from, reduce the treatment cost of rubbish. Meanwhile, the solid and gas products collected after pyrolysis are combusted to generate electricity, and the generated electric energy is supplied to a high-temperature electric heating tube for demand, so that the overall utilization efficiency of the garbage is further improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an engaged roller type garbage pyrolysis system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a mesh roll type pyrolysis reactor in the mesh roll type garbage pyrolysis system according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the engagement of the driving nip roller and the driven nip roller of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the driving pressure roller and the driven pressure roller of fig. 2.

In the figure: 1. the system comprises a preheating treatment system, 2, a feeding system, 3, an electric heating system, 4, a solid collecting box, 5, an engaged roller type pyrolysis reactor, 501, an exhaust port, 502, a feeding port, 503, a closed container, 504, a driven compression roller, 505, a high-temperature electric heating tube, 506, a driving compression roller, 507, a first solid outlet, 508, a speed reducer, 509, a gear, 6, a gas-solid separator, 7, a liquid collecting box, 8, a combustible gas storage tank and 9, a pyrolysis gas condensing system.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses an engaged roller type garbage pyrolysis system, include:

the meshing roll type pyrolysis reactor 5 is shown in fig. 2, the meshing roll type pyrolysis reactor 5 comprises a closed container 503, a feed inlet 502, a first solid outlet 507 and an exhaust port 501 are arranged on the closed container 503, the feed inlet 502 is sequentially connected with a feed system 2 and a pretreatment system 1, a driving compression roller 506 and a driven compression roller 504 which are meshed with each other are rotatably arranged in the closed container 503, and materials enter from the feed inlet 502 and fall at the meshing position of the driving compression roller 506 and the driven compression roller 504; the roll shafts of the driving press roll 506 and the driven press roll 504 are both of a hollow structure, heat conduction materials are filled in the roll shafts, high-temperature electric heating tubes 505 are arranged at the end parts of the roll shafts, the high-temperature electric heating tubes 505 are connected with an external electric heating system 3, and the driving press roll 506 is connected with an external driving device;

the gas-solid separator 6 is provided with a first gas inlet, a first gas outlet and a second solid outlet, the first gas inlet is connected with the gas outlet 501, and the first solid outlet 507 and the second solid outlet are both connected with the solid collecting box 4;

pyrolysis gas condensing system 9, pyrolysis gas condensing system 9 include second air inlet, second gas outlet and leakage fluid dram, and the second air inlet is connected with first gas outlet, and the second gas outlet is connected with combustible gas holder 8, and the leakage fluid dram is connected with liquid collection box 7.

The principle is as follows: the preheating treatment system 1 is used for removing metal garbage and large stone gravels in the garbage, crushing and drying the garbage, and adding an additive for mixing to obtain pretreated garbage; the feeding system 2 is used for controlling the input speed of the garbage and preventing the garbage from being decomposed in time in the meshing roller type pyrolysis reactor 5 due to too fast input; the meshing roller type pyrolysis reactor 5 thermally decomposes the garbage through a plurality of meshing teeth on the driving compression roller 506 and the driven compression roller 504 to obtain gas and solid; the gas-solid separator 6 is used for separating gas (pyrolysis gas) generated by pyrolysis in the intermeshing roll pyrolysis reactor 5 and solid in the form of powder; the pyrolysis gas condensation system 9 is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the gas (pyrolysis gas) obtained by the gas-solid separator 6 to obtain gas (combustible gas) and liquid; the combustible gas storage tank 8 is used for collecting gas (combustible gas), the liquid collection tank 7 is used for collecting liquid, and the solid collection tank 4 is used for collecting solid and solid in powder form.

The roll diameters of the driving press roll 506 and the driven press roll 504 are 200mm-600mm, and the driving press roll 506 and the driven press roll 504 are arranged side by side; the modulus of the gear teeth on the surfaces of the driving compression roller 506 and the driven compression roller 504 is 3mm-14 mm; the portion of the driving pressure roller 506, the driven pressure roller 504, or other components in contact with the hermetic container 503 is sealed by a high-temperature resistant packing.

The following are specifically mentioned: the utility model discloses an in meshing roller formula rubbish pyrolysis system, meshing roller formula pyrolysis reactor 5's quantity can be one, also can be a plurality of.

As shown in figure 1, in the meshing roller type garbage pyrolysis system of the present invention, the pretreatment system 1 comprises an electromagnetic screening machine, a centrifuge, a crushing screening machine, a dehydration dryer and a chemical feeding device.

Wherein: the electromagnetic screening machine is used for removing metal garbage, the centrifugal machine is used for removing large gravel, the crushing screening machine is used for removing the large gravel and crushing the selected garbage, the dehydration dryer is used for removing moisture in the garbage, and the chemical adding device supplies additives to the garbage.

As shown in fig. 1, in the garbage pyrolysis system of the present invention, the feeding system 2 is preferably a screw feeder or a belt conveyor.

As shown in fig. 1, in the garbage pyrolysis system with mesh rollers of the present invention, the pyrolysis gas condensing system 9 is preferably a spray condenser and/or a falling film condenser.

As shown in fig. 1, in the garbage pyrolysis system with mesh rollers of the present invention, as a preferred mode, the conductive material is a high-temperature molten salt.

Referring to fig. 3, in the garbage pyrolysis system of the present invention, as a preferred mode, the rollers of the driving roller 506 and the driven roller 504 are rotatably disposed in the closed container 503 through bearings.

As shown in fig. 4, in the garbage pyrolysis system with mesh rollers of the present invention, as a preferred mode, the driving device is a motor, and the roller shaft of the driving pressure roller 506 is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor through a speed reducer 508.

As shown in fig. 4, in the garbage pyrolysis system of the present invention, as a preferable mode, a pair of gears 509 engaged with each other is provided on the shafts of the driving compression roller 506 and the driven compression roller 504, and the engaging movement between the driving compression roller 506 and the driven compression roller 504 can be preferably realized by the pair of gears 509.

As shown in fig. 1, in the garbage pyrolysis system with mesh rollers of the present invention, the bottom of the closed container 503 and the bottom of the gas-solid separator 6 are both conical structures, and the first solid outlet 507 and the second solid outlet are located at the bottom of the conical structures, so as to ensure that the solid or powdery solid flows into the solid collection box 4 as completely as possible.

Claims (10)

1. An intermeshing roll type waste pyrolysis system comprising:

the device comprises a meshing roller type pyrolysis reactor (5), wherein the meshing roller type pyrolysis reactor (5) comprises a closed container (503), a feeding hole (502), a first solid outlet (507) and an exhaust port (501) are formed in the closed container (503), the feeding hole (502) is sequentially connected with a feeding system (2) and a pretreatment system (1), a driving compression roller (506) and a driven compression roller (504) which are meshed with each other are rotationally arranged in the closed container (503), and materials enter the meshing position of the driving compression roller (506) and the driven compression roller (504) from the feeding hole (502); the roll shafts of the driving compression roller (506) and the driven compression roller (504) are both of a hollow structure, heat conduction materials are filled in the roll shafts, high-temperature electric heating tubes (505) are arranged at the end parts of the roll shafts, the high-temperature electric heating tubes (505) are connected with an external electric heating system (3), and the driving compression roller (506) is connected with an external driving device;

the gas-solid separator (6) is provided with a first gas inlet, a first gas outlet and a second solid outlet, the first gas inlet is connected with the gas outlet (501), and the first solid outlet (507) and the second solid outlet are both connected with the solid collecting box (4);

the pyrolysis gas condensing system (9) comprises a second gas inlet, a second gas outlet and a liquid outlet, the second gas inlet is connected with the first gas outlet, the second gas outlet is connected with the combustible gas storage tank (8), and the liquid outlet is connected with the liquid collecting tank (7).

2. A meshing roll type waste pyrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that the pretreatment system (1) comprises an electromagnetic screening machine, a centrifuge, a crushing screening machine, a dewatering dryer and a dosing device.

3. An intermeshing roll type waste pyrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that the feeding system (2) is a screw feeder or a belt conveyor.

4. An intermeshing roll type waste pyrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that the pyrolysis gas condensing system (9) is a spray condenser and/or a falling film condenser.

5. The intermeshing roll type waste pyrolysis system of claim 1 wherein the heat conductive material is a high temperature molten salt.

6. A intermeshing roll type garbage pyrolysis system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the driving pressure roll (506) and the driven pressure roll (504) are arranged side by side, and have a roll diameter of 200mm to 600mm and a module of teeth on both surfaces of 3mm to 14 mm.

7. An intermeshing roll type garbage pyrolysis system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the roll shafts of the driving pressure roll (506) and the driven pressure roll (504) are rotatably provided in the closed vessel (503) through bearings.

8. An intermeshing roll type waste pyrolysis system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the drive means is a motor and the roll shaft of the active pressure roll (506) is connected to the shaft of the motor via a speed reducer (508).

9. A meshing roll type waste pyrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that a pair of meshing gears (509) are provided on the roll shafts of the driving press roll (506) and the driven press roll (504).

10. An intermeshing roll type waste pyrolysis system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the closed vessel (503) and the bottom of the gas-solid separator (6) are both of a conical configuration, and the first solids outlet (507) and the second solids outlet are located at the lowermost end of the conical configuration.

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