CN210808864U

CN210808864U - Automatic breeding system of small-size heisui river horsefly

Info

Publication number: CN210808864U
Application number: CN201920895611.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 段永改; 陈伟
Original assignee: Zhengzhou Bennong Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhengzhou Bennong Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-14
Filing date: 2019-06-14
Publication date: 2020-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-14

Abstract

The utility model relates to a small-size automatic breeding system for hermetia illucens, which comprises a breeding room and a master control system, wherein a plurality of breeding units are vertically and/or horizontally arranged in the breeding room, and each breeding unit comprises a pest throwing device, a distributing device, a breeding box, a dung discharging device and a sub-control system; the black soldier fly larvae can be regularly and quantitatively thrown into the breeding box by the insect throwing device; the distributing device can horizontally and quantitatively pave the black soldier fly feed into the breeding box at regular time; the breeding box is used for breeding the hermetia illucens larvae, and the temperature in the breeding box can be controlled according to needs; the excrement discharging device is used for regularly removing insect excrement generated after the cultivation of the lower part of the conveying cultivation box. The utility model discloses an automation and the unmanned operation of heisui river horsefly breed as long as set up the operating parameter of each device through control system, can realize unmanned, many days continuous operation, improve cultivation efficiency effectively, reduced the cost of labor, help heisui river horsefly to breed popularization and application.

Description

Automatic breeding system of small-size heisui river horsefly

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an automatic farming systems of small-size heisui river horsefly belongs to insect breeding technical field.

Background

The hermetia illucens are resource insects widely distributed all over the world, and larvae feed on animal excrement and rotten organic matters such as rotten meat, rotten fruits, vegetables and plant garbage in the nature and can be used for harmless treatment of the animal excrement. Native to the americas, and is currently widely distributed throughout the world (between 40 degrees north and south latitude). Introduced into China in recent years, and has been widely distributed in Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Shanghai, Yunnan, Taiwan, Hunan, Hubei and the like. Therefore, the breeding of hermetia illucens is widely researched. Although the existing hermetia illucens breeding technology is gradually matured, and part of hermetia illucens breeding equipment is gradually applied, the problems of low breeding efficiency, low automation degree, great labor consumption and the like still exist. CN201810446393.7, utility model name: the utility model provides an automatic change heisui river horsefly breeding device, includes breeds the module, throws material system, screening system and control system, breed the module and be the breed body of a plurality of linkages and supporting power device thereof. Breed the inside spiral of breeding that contains one of body, install the spiral baffle in spiral edge both sides along breeding the spiral, install in the spiral baffle of breeding the spiral edge to the middle part slope of breeding the spiral, it all has sprayed smooth coating to be close to breed spiral one side at breeding spiral and baffle, can ensure to breed the body and all move forward along the spiral at rotatory in-process fodder and black soldier fly larva gradually to can prevent effectively that black soldier fly larva from climbing out or climbing to second spiral in the past spiral from the spiral. The external portion of breeding the body installs 2-3 linkage gears for breed the rotation of pipeline. In the operation process of the device, the motor drives the linkage gear of one breeding pipe body to rotate, and the linkage gear drives the linkage gears of other breeding pipe bodies connected in parallel to rotate synchronously, so that the synchronous rotation of the whole breeding module is realized. 8 breeding spirals are designed inside the breeding pipe body and are used for breeding the hermetia illucens from the first day to the eighth day respectively. In the breeding process, the throwing of hermetia illucens eggs or newly hatched larvae is firstly completed in the first pitch of the breeding pipe body in the rotating direction, the intermittent rotation of one pitch is rotated every day through the breeding pipe body, the larvae are gradually rotated to the tail spiral by the spiral where the throwing port is located, and the hermetia illucens which can be harvested gradually grow into the black hermetia illucens by the newly hatched larvae in the spiral rotating process. After rotation of one pitch every day, the contents such as the hermetia illucens larvae in the first pitch are transferred to the second spiral, and the vacated first spiral continues to throw in hermetia illucens eggs or newly hatched larvae, so that automatic continuous breeding of hermetia illucens is realized. The device adopts eight spirals to realize the breed in different stages, adopts the screening to separate the adult, still has the problem that the structure is complicated, and degree of automation is low.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides an automatic farming systems of small-size heisui river horsefly is applicable to the family and breeds on a small scale, easy operation, degree of automation height.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme does:

a small-sized automatic black soldier fly breeding system comprises a breeding room and a master control system, wherein a plurality of breeding units are vertically and/or horizontally arranged in the breeding room, and each breeding unit comprises an insect throwing device, a distributing device, a breeding box, an excrement discharging device and a sub-control system;

the black soldier fly larvae can be regularly and quantitatively thrown into the breeding box by the insect throwing device;

the distributing device can horizontally and quantitatively pave the black soldier fly feed into the breeding box at regular time;

the breeding box is used for breeding the hermetia illucens larvae, and the temperature in the breeding box can be controlled according to needs;

the excrement discharging device is used for regularly removing insect excrement generated after the cultivation at the lower part of the conveying cultivation box;

the insect feeding device, the material distributing device, the breeding box and the excrement discharging device are respectively connected with a sub-control system, and the sub-control system is connected with the master control system.

Preferably: the breeding room is also provided with a temperature control device, and the temperature control device is connected with the master control system.

Preferably: the temperature control device comprises a plurality of culture room temperature sensors and a heat exchange device which are arranged in the culture rooms.

Preferably: the insect throwing device comprises a shell for placing hermetia illucens larvae;

the heat preservation device is arranged on the shell and can control the temperature in the shell to be 5-15 ℃;

the black soldier fly larva quantifying device is arranged in the shell and can divide the black soldier fly larvae stored in the shell into a plurality of parts, and each part of the black soldier fly larvae is equal in weight or unequal in weight;

thrust unit, thrust unit with every black soldier fly larva from the setting position of putting that puts and push away the insect feeding mouth of casing, make the black soldier fly larva of ration fall out from the insect feeding mouth, get into in the breed box.

Preferably: the heat preservation device comprises an air channel arranged on the inner wall of the pipeline, an insect throwing heat preservation layer arranged on the outer wall of the pipeline, and a temperature control device and an insect throwing temperature sensor arranged in the air channel;

the temperature control device is an electronic refrigerating device;

the black soldier fly larva quantifying device comprises a main shaft, wherein a plurality of segmenting pieces are arranged on the main shaft, and the edges of the segmenting pieces are in contact with the air channel.

Preferably: the material distribution device comprises a material storage tank, a spiral material distribution device and a horizontal moving device, and the horizontal moving device can drive the spiral material distribution device to move back and forth;

the spiral distributing device comprises a spiral conveyor, a feed inlet of the spiral conveyor is communicated with the storage tank, and the discharge outlets are a plurality of discharge outlets arranged at the bottom of the casing or a discharge outlet penetrating through the whole casing.

Preferably: the cultivation box comprises at least one cultivation box and a frame, the cultivation box comprises a cultivation groove with two open ends, a bottom plate, a box cover and a traction mechanism, and the upper part of the cultivation groove is provided with an inclined part which inclines outwards; a collecting tank is arranged outside the bottom of the lowest breeding tank; the box cover is provided with a temperature control device and a culture box temperature sensor.

Preferably: the excrement discharging device comprises an excrement scraping device and a horizontal moving device, and the horizontal moving device can drive the excrement scraping device to move back and forth;

the dung scraping device comprises a conveying device and a scraper, the conveying device comprises a power device, two chain wheels and a conveying chain, the two chain wheels are arranged at two ends of the breeding box, one chain wheel is installed with the power device, the other chain wheel is installed with the fixing frame, and the conveying chain is installed on the two chain wheels;

the chain include inner plate, outer chain plate, round pin axle, sleeve and roller, be interference fit between inner plate and sleeve, outer chain plate and round pin axle, be clearance fit between sleeve and round pin axle, form the hookup that moves, outer chain plate include a riser that sets up the pinhole and a diaphragm that is provided with the mounting hole, the scraper blade be L shape scraper blade, L shape scraper blade on be provided with the mounting hole, L shape scraper blade pass through the mounting hole and the outer chain plate is installed together.

Preferably: the horizontal moving mechanism of the horizontal moving device comprises a guide rail and a traction mechanism,

the traction mechanism comprises a traction power device, a traction shaft, a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a traction rope, wherein the traction power device is installed together with the traction shaft, the driving wheel is arranged at two ends of the traction shaft, the driving wheel is installed together with the driven wheel through the traction rope, and the traction rope is installed together with the conveying device.

Preferably: the master control system also comprises a wireless transmission module and a receiving terminal.

The utility model also provides an automatic breeding method of small-size heisui river horsefly, including following step:

(1) slowly cooling the hermetia illucens larvae to enable the hermetia illucens larvae to reach a dormant state for later use;

(2) putting the black soldier fly larvae in the dormant state into an insect feeding device, and keeping the temperature of the insect feeding device at 5-15 ℃;

(3) a dung plate prepared from dung of the hermetia illucens is arranged between the bottom of the breeding box and the bottom plate; distributing the materials into the culture box by adopting a material distribution device; throwing insects into the culture box by adopting an insect throwing device; closing the culture box and starting culture;

(4) setting system operation parameters through a sub-control system, starting the system, and controlling the culture temperature through a box cover, a temperature control device and a culture box temperature sensor;

(5) when the hermetia illucens larvae in the breeding box are mature, closing the temperature control device, reducing the height of the box cover, enabling the mature hermetia illucens larvae to climb out of the breeding box and fall into the collecting groove, and repeating the step (3) under the control of the sub-control system for cyclic breeding;

(6) when the breeding times reach the set value, the sub-control system controls the manure discharging device to perform manure discharging operation, and then the step (3) is repeated to perform circulating breeding;

(7) and (5) repeating the steps of the step (3) and the step (4) until the batch cultivation is finished.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model discloses an automatic worm device, the distributing device of throwing of low temperature, breed the box and go out the organic combination of four devices of excrement device, can realize the automation and the unmanned operation that the heisui river horsefly was bred, as long as set up the operating parameter of each device through control system, can realize unmanned, many days continuous operation, improve cultivation efficiency effectively, reduced the cost of labor, help the popularization and the application that the heisui river horsefly was bred.

The utility model discloses a distributing device sets up a plurality of discharge gate below screw conveyer, excrement and urine passes through screw conveyer's effect, put in the breed box from the discharge gate, and the excrement and urine of putting in fills up the breed box from screw conveyer's feed inlet to tail end gradually, when throwing the material, screw conveyer also plays the effect of leveling, after one fills up the leveling in the breed box, under horizontal migration device's effect, screw conveyer removes, continue to throw the material at new position and level, so operate repeatedly, can accomplish the whole material and the work of leveling of throwing of breeding the box, device simple structure, and convenient operation.

The utility model discloses lower the temperature earlier with black soldier fly larva, make it reach inactive dormant state, then preserve it in the container, make its one of which keep dormant state directly, then regularly quantitative put in the breed box. The black soldier fly larvae which reach the dormant state can be kept not to die and be inactive for a long time, and the black soldier fly larvae which reach the dormant state can move again when meeting the proper temperature. By adopting the method, the black soldier fly larvae can be thrown in at one time, the black soldier fly larvae can be thrown in automatically within one week to one month, unmanned and automatic operation for a long time is realized, the efficiency is high, the labor cost is saved, and the breeding cost is effectively reduced.

The utility model discloses a setting up the slope of leaning out to the outward slope on the upper portion of breeding the groove, set up the multilayer perpendicularly in the breed and breed the box, breed ripe larva because the larva is big when the volume ratio just hatched, so it is also more afraid of heat when hatching just relatively, it can climb out the breeding groove along the slope, drop the setting in the collecting vat of bottommost, do not need the manual work to go the separation, also need not like breeding the groove before, every breeding the groove and collecting, then converging one, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, greatly reduced the cost of labor.

The utility model discloses a scraper blade of setting on conveyor scrapes the dropping of black bottom portion of will breeding to carry away, reach and need not wholly turn and breed the box, can accomplish and breed the box and go out the excrement, simple structure, convenient operation can realize that the automation that heisui river horsefly was bred goes out the excrement operation, is favorable to realizing automatic breed.

The device of the utility model is not only suitable for the cultivation of hermetia illucens, but also suitable for the cultivation of fly maggots or other insects.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the cultivation system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of the cultivation system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a material distributing device of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a horizontal moving device of the material distributing device of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the insect feeding device of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the cultivation box of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a collecting tank of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a front view of the manure discharging device of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a top view of the manure discharging device of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 2;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the chain of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a block diagram of the sub-PLC controller of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the general PLC controller of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the general PLC controller of the present invention;

in the figure, 1 is a culture room, 2 is a culture room temperature sensor, 3 is a material distribution device, 3-1 is a material storage tank, 3-2 is a screw conveyor, 3-3 is a movable cover, 3-4 is a discharge port, and 3-5 is a machine shell; 4 is a cooling fan, 5 is an insect throwing device, 5-1 is an electric push rod, 5-2 is a main shaft, 5-3 is an insect storage opening, 5-4 is a cover, 5-5 is a partition sheet, 5-6 is an electronic refrigerating device, 5-7 is an insect throwing temperature sensor, 5-8 is an air channel, 5-9 is a shell, 5-10 is an insect throwing heat insulation layer, 5-11 is an insect throwing opening, and 5-12 is an electric valve; 6 is a culture box, 6-1 is a frame, 6-2 is a box cover, 6-3 is a negative pressure fan, 6-4 is a culture box temperature sensor, 6-5 is a culture tank, 6-6 is a bottom plate, 6-7 is a collecting tank, 6-8 is an inclined part, and 6-9 is a culture box heat-insulating layer; 7 is a dung discharging device, 7-1 is a side plate, 7-2 is a belt conveyor, 7-3 is a dung discharging motor, 7-4 is an L-shaped scraper, 7-5 is a mounting hole, 7-6 is a conveying chain, 7-7 is a transverse plate, 7-8 is a vertical plate, 7-9 is a pin hole, and 7-10 is an inner chain plate; 8 is a driven wheel, 9 is a traction rope, 10 is a driving wheel, 11 is a traction shaft, 12 is a traction motor, and 13 is a guide rail.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-2, the automatic small black soldier fly breeding system comprises a breeding room 1 and a master control system, wherein a plurality of breeding units are vertically and/or horizontally arranged in the breeding room 1, and each breeding unit comprises an insect throwing device 5, a distributing device 3, a breeding box 6, a dung discharging device 7 and a sub-control system; the embodiment adopts three culture units which are vertically set.

The breeding house 1 is a house with sealing and heat-preserving functions.

The breeding room 1 is also provided with a temperature control device which comprises a plurality of breeding room temperature sensors 2 and a heat exchange device which are arranged in the breeding room 1. The heat exchange device mainly plays a role in heat exchange so as to keep the temperature suitable for the life of the hermetia illucens larvae in the breeding room 1. The hermetia illucens can generate heat in the breeding process of the hermetia illucens, and a heating process is adopted, and the heat dissipation fan 4 is adopted as the general heat exchange device, such as the heat dissipation fan 4 adopted in the embodiment. However, in northern cold winter areas, particularly in winter, a heating device is needed to be used for heating the breeding room 1 so as to keep the proper growth temperature of the hermetia illucens larvae. Of course, a heat exchange device with heating and cooling functions can be arranged according to the requirement.

As shown in fig. 5, the feeding device 5 can feed the hermetia illucens larvae into the breeding box 6 regularly and quantitatively; the insect throwing device 5 comprises a shell 5-9 for placing hermetia illucens larvae, and an insulating device arranged on the shell 5-9, wherein the insulating device can control the temperature inside the shell 5-9 to be 5-15 ℃, and a hermetia illucens larva quantifying device arranged inside the shell 5-9 can divide the hermetia illucens larvae stored in the shell 5-9 into a plurality of parts, each part of hermetia illucens larvae is of equal weight or unequal weight, and a pushing device pushes each part of hermetia illucens larvae from a lifting position to an insect throwing opening 5-11 of the shell 5-9, so that the quantitative parts of hermetia illucens larvae fall out of the insect throwing openings 5-11 and enter the breeding box 6.

The insect-feeding device 5 in this embodiment comprises a housing 5-9 for housing hermetia illucens larvae; the shell 5-9 is provided with an insect storage opening 5-3 and an insect throwing opening 5-11, the insect storage opening 5-3 is provided with a cover 5-4, and the insect throwing opening 5-11 is provided with an electric valve 5-12 which can be automatically controlled to be opened and closed.

A heat preservation device is arranged on the shell 5-9, and the heat preservation device can control the internal temperature of the shell 5-9 to be 5-15 ℃; the heat preservation device mainly realizes the control of the internal temperature of the shell 5-9, and any device for realizing temperature control in the market can be adopted. The heat preservation device adopted by the embodiment comprises an air channel 5-8 arranged on the inner wall of the pipeline, a worm throwing heat preservation layer 5-10 arranged on the outer wall of the pipeline, and a temperature control device and a cultivation box temperature sensor 6-4 arranged in the air channel 5-8. By adopting the mode of 5-8 air channels, the weight of the device can be effectively reduced, and the heat preservation effect of air is good. The temperature control device mainly plays a role in heating and cooling, so that the temperature in the shell 5-9 is kept at a set temperature. General breeding environment needs cooling equipment, but all colder places also can need heating equipment, can select according to actual conditions. The temperature control device is mainly set for places with the culture environment temperature higher than 15 ℃, and the temperature control device is an electronic refrigerating device 5-6 and mainly is an electronic refrigerating piece (or a semiconductor refrigerating piece). The electronic refrigeration piece does not need any refrigerant, can continuously work, has no pollution source and no rotating part, can not generate a rotation effect, has no sliding part, is a solid piece, has no vibration and noise during working, has long service life and is easy to install. The semiconductor refrigerating sheet has two functions, namely refrigerating and heating, and the refrigerating efficiency is generally low, but the heating efficiency is very high and is always more than 1. Thus, one piece may be used instead of separate heating and cooling systems. The semiconductor refrigerating plate is a current transduction type plate, high-precision temperature control can be realized through control of input current, and remote control, program control and computer control are easily realized through temperature detection and control means, so that an automatic control system is convenient to form. The semiconductor refrigerating plate has very small thermal inertia, the refrigerating and heating time is very short, and the refrigerating plate can reach the maximum temperature difference when the power is on for less than one minute under the condition that the heat dissipation of the hot end is good and the cold end is idle.

The black soldier fly larva quantifying device is arranged in the shell 5-9 and can divide the black soldier fly larvae stored in the shell 5-9 into a plurality of parts, and each part of the black soldier fly larvae are equal in weight or unequal in weight;

the heisui river horsefly larva quantifying device mainly plays a role in quantitative putting of the heisui river horsefly, can select some automatic weighing equipment, and is realized through weighing. The black soldier fly larva quantifying device also can be adopted to comprise a main shaft 5-2, a plurality of dividing sheets 5-5 are arranged on the main shaft 5-2, the edges of the dividing sheets 5-5 are in contact with the air channels 5-8, and the space between every two adjacent dividing sheets 5-5 is a black soldier fly larva quantifying space.

The pushing device pushes each black soldier fly larva to the insect throwing opening 5-11 of the shell 5-9 from the lifting and placing position, so that a quantitative part of the black soldier fly larvae fall out of the insect throwing opening 5-11; the pushing device is a hydraulic oil cylinder or an electric push rod 5-1 and is installed with the hermetia illucens larva quantifying device. The pushing device mainly pushes the black soldier fly larva quantifying device to move at regular time, and then regular and quantitative insect feeding is achieved. The utility model adopts an electric push rod 5-1. Above-mentioned simple structure only needs to confirm the volume of putting in at every turn, put into the heisui river horsefly larva of corresponding volume in the subregion that corresponds can, easy operation.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the distributing device 3 can horizontally and quantitatively pave the black soldier fly fodder into the breeding box 6 at regular time, in this embodiment, the distributing device 3 includes a stock chest 3-1, a spiral distributing device and a horizontal moving device, and the horizontal moving device can drive the spiral distributing device to move back and forth;

the spiral distributing device comprises a spiral conveyor 3-2, a feed inlet of the spiral conveyor 3-2 is communicated with the storage tank 3-1, and the discharge outlets 3-4 are a plurality of discharge outlets 3-4 arranged at the bottom of the machine shell 3-5 or a discharge outlet 3-4 penetrating through the whole machine shell 3-5. The present embodiment employs several outlets 3-4 at the bottom of the housing 3-5. The upper cover of the machine shell 3-5 of the screw conveyor 3-2 is provided with a movable machine cover 3-3, and the movable machine cover 3-3 is arranged to facilitate opening of the machine shell 3-5 and troubleshooting due to the blocking risk of excrement, organic waste and the like in the conveying process of the screw conveyor 3-2.

The horizontal moving mechanism comprises a guide rail 13 and a traction mechanism, the spiral conveyor 3-2 is arranged on the guide rail 13, the traction mechanism and the spiral conveyor 3-2 are arranged together, and the traction mechanism drives the spiral conveyor 3-2 to horizontally reciprocate. The traction mechanism can be selected from a hydraulic cylinder, a screw rod guide rail 13, a chain guide rail 13 and other machines capable of running in a straight line.

In this embodiment, the traction mechanism includes a traction power device, a traction shaft 11, a driving wheel 10, a driven wheel 8 and a traction rope 9, the traction power device is installed together with the traction shaft 11, the driving wheel 10 is arranged at two ends of the traction shaft 11, the driving wheel 10 is installed together with the driven wheel 8 through the traction rope 9, and the traction rope 9 is installed together with the screw conveyor 3-2. The structure is simple, the whole body is light, and the operation is convenient. The traction power means may employ a traction motor 12.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the breeding box 6 is used for breeding hermetia illucens larvae, and the temperature in the breeding box 6 can be controlled according to needs;

the culture box 6 in the embodiment comprises a culture groove 6-5 with two open ends, a bottom plate 6-6 and a box cover 6-2, wherein the upper part of the culture groove 6-5 is provided with an inclined part 6-8 which inclines outwards. The inclined part 6-8 at the upper part of the culture tank 6-5 can be arranged at one side or a plurality of sides of the culture tank 6-5, and the embodiment is selectively arranged at the periphery of the culture tank 6-5. The shape of the culture tank 6-5 can be designed according to the needs, and can be square, round and the like, and the rectangular culture tank 6-5 is adopted in the embodiment.

The included angle between the inclined part 6-8 and the culture groove 6-5 can influence whether the adult hermetia illucens successfully crawls out, the angle is generally selected to be 30-60 degrees, the implementation is 45 degrees, and the adult hermetia illucens conveniently crawl out of the culture groove 6-5. The culture tank 6-5, the box cover 6-2 and the bottom plate 6-6 are provided with a culture box heat-insulating layer 6-9. The culture tank 6-5 and the box cover 6-2 can be made of heat insulation materials, and a culture box heat insulation layer 6-9 can be arranged outside the culture tank 6-5 and the box cover 6-2. In the embodiment, the box cover 6-2 is made of heat-insulating materials, and the culture tank 6-5 is provided with the culture box heat-insulating layer 6-9. The bottom plates 6-6 are not provided with culture box heat-insulating layers 6-9. The breeding temperature of the hermetia illucens larvae is generally 35-42 ℃, heat is generated in the breeding process of the hermetia illucens, and a heat preservation device is needed to be arranged so that the hermetia illucens larvae can process the proper growth temperature.

A collecting tank 6-7 is arranged outside the bottom of the lowest culture tank 6-5. The collecting tank 6-7 is movably connected with the breeding tank 6-5, so that mature hermetia illucens larvae can be conveniently collected.

The box cover 6-2 is provided with a temperature control device and a culture box temperature sensor 6-4.

The temperature sensor 6-4 of the breeding box and the temperature control device can effectively control the temperature, when the temperature is too high, the temperature in the breeding groove 6-5 can be effectively controlled to be at the proper growth temperature of the hermetia illucens larvae by opening the box cover 6-2 and opening the temperature control device, and the growth of the hermetia illucens larvae is facilitated. Of course, the temperature control device can be set as a heating device for cold areas such as the north.

The temperature control device of the present embodiment is a negative pressure fan 6-3. The temperature control device adopts a negative pressure fan, so that cool air can enter from the periphery of the culture tank 6-5, and the problem that the temperature difference is too large to die or delay the growth speed due to the fact that the cool air directly blows the black soldier fly larvae is avoided.

The hermetia illucens breeding device further comprises a box cover lifting device. Set up lid hoisting device can effectual promotion lid, come to control the temperature. The lifting device can be selected from various lifting devices, such as a chain lifter, a hydraulic lifter, a threaded rod lifter and the like. In this embodiment, the structure of the horizontal movement mechanism in the box cover lifting device and the material distribution device 3 is similar, and the horizontal movement mechanism comprises a traction power device, a traction shaft 11, a driving wheel 10 and a traction rope 9, wherein the traction power device is installed together with the traction shaft 11, the driving wheel 10 is installed together with the traction shaft 11, one end of the traction rope 9 is fixed together with the driving wheel 10, and the other end of the traction rope is fixed together with the box cover. The device has simple structure and is portable. The traction power device employs a traction motor 12.

The hermetia illucens breeding device further comprises a frame 6-1, and the bottom plate 6-6 is arranged on the frame 6-1. The manure discharging device 7 is arranged between the bottom of the culture tank 6-5 and the bottom plate 6-6. The frame 6-1 is not shown in fig. 1 and 2, but the frame 6-1 may be fixed on the culture room 1 directly through a connecting member without using the frame 6-1.

As shown in fig. 8-11, the feces discharging device 7 is used for regularly removing feces generated after the cultivation at the lower part of the conveying cultivation box;

the dung discharging device 7 of the embodiment comprises a dung scraping device and a horizontal moving device, wherein the horizontal moving device can drive the dung scraping device to move back and forth;

scrape excrement device include conveyor and scraper blade, conveyor can do the horizontal straight line, the scraper blade setting be in conveyor is last, the scraper blade can scrape the excrement piece of breeding the box lower part and carry the excrement of scraping through conveyor from breeding box one end and breeding the box other end.

The conveying device can be any one device capable of moving forward, and the conveying device of the embodiment comprises a power device, two chain wheels (not shown in the figure) and a conveying chain 7-6, wherein the two chain wheels are arranged at two ends of the culture box, one chain wheel is installed with the power device, the other chain wheel is installed with a fixing frame (not shown in the figure), and the conveying chain 7-6 is installed on the two chain wheels.

The chain comprises inner chain plates 7-10, outer chain plates, pin shafts (not shown in the figure), sleeves (not shown in the figure) and rollers (not shown in the figure), wherein the inner chain plates 7-10 are in interference fit with the sleeves, the outer chain plates are in clearance fit with the pin shafts, movable connection is formed, the outer chain plates comprise vertical plates 7-8 with pin holes 7-9 and transverse plates 7-7 with mounting holes 7-5, the scraping plates are L-shaped scraping plates 7-4, the chain-shaped scraping plates are provided with the mounting holes 7-5, and the L-shaped scraping plates 7-4 are mounted with the outer chain plates through the mounting holes 7-5. Adopt above-mentioned structure can be firm fix the scraper blade on the chain, and do not destroy the chain, provide sufficient power for scraping excrement operation.

Two sides of the conveying chain 7-6 are provided with side plates 7-1.

The power device is a manure discharging motor 7-3.

The horizontal movement mechanism is the same as the horizontal movement mechanism of the material distribution device 3, and is not described.

The excrement discharging device 7 further comprises an excrement discharging conveyor, and the excrement discharging conveyor is arranged at two end ends of the conveying device. The manure discharging conveyor is a belt conveyor 7-2.

As shown in fig. 12, the sub-control system adopts a sub-PLC controller or a single chip microcomputer, the embodiment adopts a sub-PLC controller, an electric valve 5-12, an electronic refrigeration device 5-6, a temperature sensor 5-7 for feeding insects and an electric push rod 5-1 in the insect feeding device 5, a screw conveyor 3-2 and a traction power device in the distributing device 3, a negative pressure fan 6-3, a temperature sensor 6-4 and a traction power device in the breeding box, and a dung discharging motor 7-3, a belt conveyor 7-2 and a traction power device in the dung discharging device 7 are respectively connected with the sub-PLC controller;

the control process of the PLC controller to the insect throwing device 5 is as follows:

(1) the time (such as starting once every 1-3 days) and the duration of the opening of the electric valve 5-12, the temperature range of the starting and closing of the electronic refrigerating device 5-6 and the starting time and the pushing distance of the electric push rod 5-1 are set through the PLC controller;

(2) putting the black soldier fly larvae in a dormant state into a quantitative space of the black soldier fly larvae according to the required weight, then, when the starting time and the distance of the set electric push rod 5-1 are reached, controlling the electric push rod 5-1 to start by the sub PLC controller, moving forwards by the corresponding distance, controlling the electric valve 5-12 to open by the sub PLC controller at the same time, dropping the quantitative black soldier fly larvae from the feeding port 5-11, dropping the quantitative black soldier fly larvae into the breeding box through the gaps of the cooling fans 4 on the breeding box, then stopping the electric push rod 5-1, closing the electric valve 5-12, and completing one-time feeding;

(3) after the cultivation in the cultivation box is finished and new manure is spread, repeating the step 2, and realizing unmanned automatic insect feeding for multiple times in multiple days;

(4) in the whole insect throwing process, the temperature in the breeding room is monitored by the temperature sensor of the breeding room, when the temperature reaches the outside of a set range, if the set temperature is 8-10 ℃, and when the temperature is lower than 8 ℃ and higher than 10 ℃, the electronic refrigerating device 5-6 is started to carry out heat exchange operation, and when the temperature returns to the set range, the operation is stopped.

The control process of the PLC controller to the distributing device 3 is as follows:

(1) setting the starting time (the time interval is a natural number of times of a breeding cycle of the hermetia illucens larvae, such as 0, 1 and 2 … …) of the screw conveyor 3-2, the time of distributing materials every time, and the time and the running distance of each starting of the traction power device;

(2) in the initial stage of cultivation, starting the spiral conveyor 3-2, putting the excrement into the cultivation box through a discharge port 3-4 arranged below the shell 3-5, gradually spreading the excrement in the cultivation box from one end to the other end while putting, playing a role of leveling while feeding, moving the spiral conveyor 3-22 through a horizontal moving device after the leveling is full, enabling the spiral conveyor to be next to the place where the excrement is fully filled and leveled to continue feeding operation, and repeating the operation to finish the cultivation box; the inner material distribution operation is carried out, then the screw conveyor 3-2 and the traction power device are stopped, and the one-time material distribution is completed;

(3) when a culture period is finished, the PLC controller controls the spiral conveyor 3-2 and the traction power device to start, the step 2 is repeated, the secondary material distribution operation is completed, and the unmanned multiple material distribution operation for multiple days can be realized.

The control process of the PLC controller to the culture box is divided as follows:

(1) setting starting conditions (such as the temperature range of a culture box is 35-45 ℃) of the cooling fan 4, starting conditions (the temperature in the culture box is more than 45 ℃) of the traction power device during temperature control, starting conditions (such as 3-5min before starting the material distribution device) of the traction power device during material distribution and insect control conditions (such as the end of one culture period) by the PLC controller;

(2) after the cloth is thrown with insects, the box cover is covered on the breeding groove 6-5, as the breeding is carried out, the black soldier fly larvae eat and generate heat, the temperature rises, the breeding temperature sensor monitors the temperature in the breeding box, when the starting temperature of the cooling fan 4 is reached, the cooling fan 4 is started to carry out cooling operation on the breeding box, and when the temperature is normal, the cooling fan 4 is stopped; when the cooling fan 4 is started and the temperature is 45 ℃, the traction power device is started to pull up the box cover, and the temperature in the culture box is controlled by increasing the air inlet amount;

(3) when a breeding cycle is finished, the hermetia illucens larvae are mature, the heat dissipation fan 4 is turned off, the height of the box cover is reduced, the temperature in the breeding box rises, the tolerant temperature of the mature hermetia illucens larvae is reached, the hermetia illucens larvae climb out through the inclined parts 6-8 of the breeding box and fall into the collecting grooves 6-7, and breeding and collecting of the hermetia illucens are repeated once.

The control process of the excrement discharging device 7 by the PLC controller is as follows:

(1) setting the starting time of a dung motor 7-3, the starting time of a belt conveyor 7-2 and the starting time and the moving distance of a traction power device through a PLC (programmable logic controller);

(2) after several times of cultivation in the cultivation box, collecting and compacting the rest of the excrement in the cultivation box to form an excrement block, controlling the excrement discharging motor 7-3 and the belt conveyor 7-2 to start by the PLC controller, scraping a part of the excrement block, conveying the part of the excrement block to the belt conveyor 7-2, conveying the part of the excrement block out, then pulling the power device to start, pulling the excrement scraping device to move for a certain distance, continuously scraping the excrement, and repeating the operation to finish the excrement discharging work;

(3) and (5) repeating the step (2) to realize the automatic manure discharging operation of no person for a plurality of days.

As shown in fig. 13, the master control system adopts a master PLC controller or a single chip microcomputer, the master PLC controller is adopted in this embodiment, and the breeding room temperature sensor 2, the heat exchange device and the branch PLC controllers are respectively arranged in the master PLC controller;

the control process of the general PLC controller is as follows:

(1) the setting and display of the control parameters of the sub-PLC controllers can be synchronously realized in the main PLC controller, and the specific control is as above and is not described;

(2) the starting conditions of the cooling fan 4 are set through the general PLC, if the temperature of the culture room is 25-35 ℃, when the temperature is not in the set range, the heat exchange device starts to heat or cool, and the temperature is recovered to the set range. If there are a plurality of heat exchangers and the temperature sensor 2 of the breeding room, the starting condition can be set for each heat exchanger.

In order to realize remote operation, a wireless transmission module can be set, the wireless transmission module is connected with a general PLC (programmable logic controller), the wireless transmission module is connected with a receiving terminal, the receiving terminal is generally a mobile phone, a computer and the like, checking and setting of running parameters by the wireless terminal can be realized through a software system, and unmanned remote operation is realized.

The utility model discloses well black soldier fly fodder can once only adorn the black soldier fly fodder that enough an operation cycle needs through stock chest 3-1, also can operate feed conveyor, realizes going to stock chest 3-1 in feeding on one side, and the automation mechanized operation of cloth is realized to the cloth on the other side.

An automatic breeding method of small hermetia illucens comprises the following steps:

(1) slowly cooling the hermetia illucens larvae to enable the hermetia illucens larvae to reach a dormant state for later use; the slow cooling is as follows: putting the black soldier fly larvae into an insulation can, putting the insulation can into a cold storage or a freezer with the temperature of 5-15 ℃, and keeping the temperature in the insulation can at a preset temperature for later use.

(2) Putting the black soldier fly larvae in the dormant state into the insect feeding device 5, and keeping the temperature of the insect feeding device 5 at 5-15 ℃;

(3) a dung plate prepared from dung of the hermetia illucens is arranged between the bottom of the breeding box and the bottom plate 6-6; distributing the materials into the culture box by adopting a material distribution device; throwing insects into the breeding box by adopting an insect throwing device 5; closing the culture box and starting culture;

(4) setting system operation parameters through a sub-control system, starting the system, and controlling the culture temperature through a box cover, a temperature control device and a culture box temperature sensor 6-4;

(5) when the hermetia illucens larvae in the breeding box are mature, closing the temperature control device, reducing the height of the box cover, enabling the mature hermetia illucens larvae to climb out of the breeding box and fall into the collection grooves 6-7, repeating the step (3) under the control of the sub-control system, and circularly breeding;

(6) when the breeding times reach the set value, the sub-control system controls the manure discharging device 7 to perform manure discharging operation, and then the step (3) is repeated to perform circulating breeding;

The utility model discloses a farming systems and farming method, through half a year's actual motion, the operation is stable, has improved breeding efficiency effectively, has reduced the cost of labor, has good popularization meaning.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automatic farming systems of small-size heisui river horsefly which characterized in that: the system comprises a culture room and a master control system, wherein a plurality of culture units are vertically and/or horizontally arranged in the culture room, and each culture unit comprises an insect throwing device, a material distribution device, a culture box, a dung outlet device and a sub-control system;

2. The automatic small black soldier fly breeding system according to claim 1, wherein: the breeding room is also provided with a temperature control device, and the temperature control device is connected with the master control system.

3. The automatic small black soldier fly breeding system of claim 2, wherein: the temperature control device comprises a plurality of culture room temperature sensors and a heat exchange device which are arranged in the culture rooms.

4. The automatic small black soldier fly breeding system according to claim 1, wherein: the insect throwing device comprises a shell for placing hermetia illucens larvae;

5. The automatic small black soldier fly breeding system according to claim 4, wherein:

the heat preservation device comprises an air channel arranged on the inner wall of the shell, an insect throwing heat preservation layer arranged on the outer wall of the shell, and a temperature control device and an insect throwing temperature sensor arranged in the air channel;

the temperature control device is an electronic refrigerating device;

6. The system for automatically breeding hermetia illucens according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the material distribution device comprises a material storage tank, a spiral material distribution device and a horizontal moving device, and the horizontal moving device can drive the spiral material distribution device to move back and forth;

the spiral distributing device comprises a spiral conveyor, a feed inlet of the spiral conveyor is communicated with the storage tank, and a discharge outlet of the spiral conveyor is a plurality of discharge outlets arranged at the bottom of the casing or a discharge outlet penetrating through the whole casing.

7. The system for automatically breeding hermetia illucens according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the cultivation box comprises at least one cultivation box and a frame, the cultivation box comprises a cultivation groove with two open ends, a bottom plate, a box cover and a traction mechanism, and the upper part of the cultivation groove is provided with an inclined part which inclines outwards; a collecting tank is arranged outside the bottom of the lowest breeding tank; the box cover is provided with a temperature control device and a culture box temperature sensor.

8. The system for automatically breeding hermetia illucens according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the excrement discharging device comprises an excrement scraping device and a horizontal moving device, and the horizontal moving device can drive the excrement scraping device to move back and forth;

9. The automatic small black soldier fly breeding system of claim 6, wherein: the horizontal moving device comprises a guide rail and a traction mechanism,

the traction mechanism comprises a traction power device, a traction shaft, a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a traction rope, wherein the traction power device is installed together with the traction shaft, the driving wheel is arranged at two ends of the traction shaft, the driving wheel is installed together with the driven wheel through the traction rope, and the traction rope is installed together with the spiral conveyer.

10. The automatic small black soldier fly breeding system of claim 8, wherein: the horizontal moving device comprises a guide rail and a traction mechanism,

11. The system for automatically breeding hermetia illucens according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the master control system also comprises a wireless transmission module and a receiving terminal.