CN210773518U - Device for improving running efficiency of parallel vacuum-pumping system - Google Patents
Device for improving running efficiency of parallel vacuum-pumping system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device for improving the running efficiency of a parallel type vacuumizing system, which comprises a high-pressure condenser, a low-pressure condenser, a vacuumizing system pipeline and a water ring vacuum pump, wherein the high-pressure condenser and the vacuumizing system pipeline of the low-pressure condenser are connected through an electric isolation valve, the vacuumizing system pipeline is respectively connected with the water ring vacuum pump through the electric isolation valve, and a plurality of water ring vacuum pumps are connected in parallel; a branch pipe is respectively led out from the vacuum pumping system pipelines of the high-pressure condenser and the low-pressure condenser, and the tail ends of the branch pipes are provided with vacuum pumping equipment with different characteristics. The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model provides promote parallel evacuation system operating efficiency's device connects the evacuation equipment of different grade type in parallel together, and its control system can select the best evacuation equipment combination to participate in the operation according to external condition's change, has improved evacuation system's interference killing feature and operating efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a condenser evacuation system among thermal generator set cold junction system, in particular to promote parallel evacuation system operating efficiency's device.
Background
The cold end system of the thermal power generator set is an important component of thermal cycle, mainly comprises a condenser, a condenser vacuumizing system, a circulating water system and the like, provides a stable cold source for the thermal cycle, the condenser pressure is an important index for measuring the running state of the cold end system, the coal consumption rate of the power supply of the unit can be reduced by about 1% when the value of the pressure is reduced by 1kPa, and the energy-saving potential is huge. The condenser vacuumizing system is mainly used for pumping out non-condensable gas leaked into the condenser, so that the condensing heat exchange process in the condenser is maintained in an ideal state, the heat exchange end difference of the condenser and the pressure of the condenser are reduced, the output of a turbo generator set is increased, but the vacuumizing system can consume certain energy, the operating efficiency of the vacuumizing system considers the two factors simultaneously, and the energy-saving net benefit of the whole cold end system is the highest.
At present, the energy-saving operation of a vacuum pumping system is influenced by a plurality of external interference factors, and during the normal operation, the influence rule of the energy-saving operation on the condensation heat exchange coefficient of a condenser is mainly related to factors such as unit load, circulating water inlet water temperature, a pump running mode, condenser vacuum tightness (air amount leaking into the condenser) and the like, and the factors change constantly in the actual operation process. Secondly, working media sucked by the condenser vacuumizing system are greatly different between the unit starting stage and the normal operation stage, the working media sucked by the unit starting stage are air, and the working media sucked by the unit starting stage are a mixture of air and steam (the partial pressure of the steam is far greater than the partial pressure of the air) in the normal operation state. At present, the vacuum pumping system has various equipment types (a water ring vacuum pumping pump, a water ring-roots vacuum pump and a steam jet pump), each equipment has an inherent optimal working state point, the operation efficiency is low when the equipment deviates from the optimal state point, and no vacuum pumping equipment can completely adapt to various boundary conditions of a condenser vacuum pumping system at present. For example, the existing units are generally equipped with water ring type vacuum pumping systems, and the pumping efficiency is higher in the starting stage of the units, the tightness of the condenser is poor, and the temperature rise of circulating water is high, but when the tightness of the condenser of the units is good and the temperature rise of the circulating water is low, the operating efficiency is greatly reduced, and the efficiency of the water ring-roots vacuum pump is higher in the working condition.
Boundary conditions (unit load, circulating water inlet temperature, running mode of a circulating pump and condenser vacuum tightness) change constantly in the actual running process of a condenser vacuumizing system, and at present, no vacuumizing equipment can completely adapt to all boundary conditions in the actual running process, so that the running of the vacuumizing system equipment is always deviated from the optimal design working condition, and the running efficiency is low.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at overcoming not enough among the prior art, providing a promote device of parallel evacuation system operating efficiency, can promote the anti external factors of evacuation system and disturb's ability, make its evacuation system equipment can be in high-efficient operation interval all the time, can promote parallel evacuation system's operating efficiency.
The device for improving the running efficiency of the parallel type vacuumizing system comprises a high-pressure condenser, a low-pressure condenser, vacuumizing system pipelines and water ring vacuum pumps, wherein the high-pressure condenser and the vacuumizing system pipelines of the low-pressure condenser are connected through electric isolating valves, the vacuumizing system pipelines are respectively connected with the water ring vacuum pumps through the electric isolating valves, and the water ring vacuum pumps are connected in parallel; a branch pipe is respectively led out from the pipelines of the vacuum pumping systems of the high-pressure condenser and the low-pressure condenser, the tail ends of the branch pipes are provided with vacuum pumping equipment with different characteristics, the vacuum pumping equipment is connected with the water ring vacuum pump in parallel, an electric isolating valve is arranged on each branch pipe, the newly-added vacuum pumping equipment can be connected with the original water ring vacuum pump in parallel or independently operated, the operation mode of the vacuum pumping system can be freely switched between the newly-added vacuum pumping equipment and the original equipment, and the operation flexibility of the vacuum pumping system is enhanced. The high-pressure condenser and the low-pressure condenser vacuum pumping system can respectively have the following operation modes:
TABLE 1 combination of high-low pressure condenser and vacuum-pumping system
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the vacuum pumping equipment arranged at the tail end of the branch pipe comprises a water ring-roots vacuum pump set, a steam jet pump or other types of vacuum pumps, wherein the water ring-roots vacuum pump set has small suction capacity and high operation efficiency, and the steam jet pump has stable suction capacity.
The utility model discloses an evacuation system has multiple operation mode, and its control system's main control objective selects the best evacuation system operation combination for according to evacuation system actual operation boundary condition (unit load, circulating water inlet temperature, circulation pump operation compound mode, condenser vacuum tightness), makes the comprehensive profit of evacuation system operation reach the biggest.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model provides promote parallel evacuation system operating efficiency's device connects the evacuation equipment of different grade type in parallel together, and its control system can select the best evacuation equipment combination to participate in the operation according to external condition's change, has improved evacuation system's interference killing feature and operating efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for improving the operation efficiency of a parallel vacuum pumping system;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control system of the parallel vacuum pumping system;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the ratio mu of the condensing heat transfer coefficient to the ideal heat transfer coefficient and the vacuum tightness and the pumping amount in the operation mode of the water ring vacuum pump and the water ring Roots vacuum pump set vacuum pumping system;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the ratio mu of the condensing heat transfer coefficient to the ideal heat transfer coefficient and the vacuum tightness in the operation mode of the steam jet pump vacuum pumping system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following description of the embodiments is merely provided to aid in understanding the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can be further modified and modified, and such modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
The device for improving the operating efficiency of the parallel vacuum pumping system and the control method thereof are used for improving the operating efficiency of the condenser vacuum pumping system, improving the operating economy of a thermal power generation cold end system and reducing the power generation coal consumption. The device comprises two or more different types of vacuum-pumping equipment, and the control method mainly selects an optimal vacuum-pumping equipment to operate according to the actual boundary conditions (pumping working medium, unit load, circulating water inlet temperature, pump running combination mode and condenser vacuum tightness) of the condenser vacuum-pumping system, so that the operating efficiency of the vacuum-pumping system is not interfered by external factors and is always in a high-efficiency interval.
Promote parallel vacuum pumping system operating efficiency's device includes high-pressure condenser, low pressure condenser, vacuum pumping system pipeline and water ring vacuum pump, be connected through electronic isolating valve between the vacuum pumping system pipeline of high-pressure condenser and low pressure condenser, as shown in FIG. 1, the needs of establishing the vacuum fast when satisfying the unit start-up that can be fine, but when it is better at condenser vacuum tightness, the suction volume is on the large side, be unfavorable for vacuum pumping system's energy-conserving operation, in addition, its suction capacity is subject to cooling water temperature, "extreme vacuum" appears easily in summer, its suction efficiency often on the low side.
The energy-saving operation of the vacuum-pumping system is mainly influenced by external factors such as unit load, circulating water inlet temperature, a combined mode of running along a pump, the vacuum tightness of a condenser and the like, changes constantly in the actual operation process, various types of vacuum-pumping equipment are available at present, the equipment all have the optimal operation efficiency interval of the equipment, but no optimal operation interval of the vacuum-pumping equipment can completely cover the boundary interval in the actual operation of the vacuum-pumping system.
In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, in addition to the above structure, one branch pipe is led out from each of the vacuum pumping system pipelines of the high-pressure condenser and the low-pressure condenser, and vacuum pumping devices with different characteristics are disposed at the end of the branch pipe, as shown in fig. 1, for example: the water ring-Roots vacuum pump set has small pumping amount and high operation efficiency, the steam jet pump with stable pumping amount has one deep cooling unit added to the original water ring vacuum pump, and one atmosphere ejector to overcome ultimate vacuum and other vacuum pumping equipment. The electric isolation valve is arranged on the branch pipe, so that the newly-added vacuum pumping equipment can be connected with the original water ring vacuum pump in parallel or can be independently operated, the operation mode of the vacuum pumping system can be freely switched between the newly-added vacuum pumping equipment and the original water ring vacuum pump, and the operation flexibility of the vacuum pumping system is improved. The high-pressure condenser and the low-pressure condenser vacuum pumping system can respectively have the following operation modes:
TABLE 2 combination of high-low pressure condenser and vacuum-pumping system
The control method of the device for improving the running efficiency of the parallel-connection type vacuumizing system mainly aims at selecting the optimal vacuumizing equipment combination to participate in running according to the actual running boundary conditions (unit load, circulating water inlet temperature, a circulating pump running combination mode and condenser vacuum tightness) of the vacuumizing system so as to enable the comprehensive benefits of the running of the vacuumizing system to be maximum, and the control system mainly comprises a data acquisition layer, a data processing layer and a result output layer; the frame diagram is shown in fig. 2, and the control method mainly comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing a mathematical model of the proportional relation of the heat exchange coefficient of the condenser, the vacuum tightness and the suction capacity of the condenser under different operation modes of the vacuum pumping system by a field test method. The specific method comprises the following steps:
1) the actual heat exchange coefficient K in the condenser can be calculated by measuring the heat load of the condenser, the inlet water temperature of the condenser, the circulating water flow and the pressure of the condenser and utilizing a heat exchange model of the condenser;
wherein, the heat load of the condenser can be obtained by a heat balance method, the complete thermodynamic system is taken as a research object, and the heat load Tl of the condenser is obtained according to the energy conservation equation of the whole thermodynamic systemcCan be obtained by the following formula: tlc＝HR0×Pel0-PelThermodynamic cycle heat absorption of Tlab＝HR0×Pel0. Wherein, Pel0Load at rated value of back pressure of thermodynamic cycle, HR0Heat rate of rated thermodynamic cycle, PelThe thermodynamic cycle actual load. The condenser pressure measuring point generally adopts an ASME standard mesh cage probe, a test instrument is a 0.05-grade absolute pressure transmitter, and the precision of a data acquisition unit is 0.02 grade or higher. The circulating water inlet temperature, the circulating water outlet temperature, and the water ring vacuum pump working fluid temperature can be measured using high precision thermal resistors (e.g., PT100 platinum resistor). The circulating water flow can be obtained by integrating a condenser heat balance calculation value and an ultrasonic flowmeter measurement value.
In order to eliminate the influence of factors except the operation mode of the vacuum-pumping system on the heat exchange coefficient of the condenser, the condenser under different operation modes of the vacuum-pumping system can be determined by switching the operation modes of the vacuum-pumping system into a comparative testCoefficient of heat transfer K1、K2、K3、K4…KnAnd ideal heat transfer coefficient K0(the air concentration in the condenser is sufficiently small) is set to μ1、μ2、μ3、μ4…μnThe thermodynamic system should be kept consistent during the switching contrast test, so that the ideal heat exchange coefficient is kept unchanged, the value can be calculated by the former Sulian Coleman formula BT, and the calculation error and the K value measurement error do not influence K1、K2、K3、K4…KnThe proportional relationship between them.
2) Selecting a plurality of vacuum tightness test points GTP1、GTP2、GTP3…GTPn(generally about 100Pa/min, 200Pa/min and 300Pa/min … …), selecting a plurality of pairs of comparative test working conditions under the corresponding condenser tightness, and respectively determining the ratio mu of the condensation heat exchange coefficient to the ideal condensation heat exchange coefficient of the condenser under each vacuumized operation combination of each set of working conditions according to the comparative test method1、μ2、μ3、μ4…μnThen, according to the results of multiple sets of comparison tests, mu is fitted1、μ2、μ3、μ4…μnThe relation between the characteristic values of the pumping capacity and the corresponding operation combination of the vacuum-pumping system is respectively mu1(△p,GTP1)、μ1(△p,GTP2)…μ1(△p,GTPn) (water ring vacuum pump), μ2(GTP1)、μ2(GTP2)…μ2(GTPn) (vapor jet pump), μ3(pc，GTP1)、μ3(pc，GTP2)…μ3(pc，GTPn) (Water ring-Roots vacuum pump set), wherein the pumping capacity of the water ring vacuum pump is mainly related to △ p (difference between condenser pressure and saturation pressure corresponding to the temperature of working fluid of the water ring vacuum pump), and the mass flow of the water ring-Roots vacuum pump set is general and the suction inlet pressure thereof (condenser pressure p)c) In this regard, as shown in FIG. 3, the mass flow rate pumped by the vapor jet pump is generally more stable, as shown in FIG. 4.
3) For the mu values at the vacuum tightness test point GTP of other condensers, the mu values can be obtained by the linear interpolation of the relation formula of the mu values at the vacuum tightness test point of the condenser:
GTP<GTP2,
……
GTP>GTP2，
……
and step two, according to the operation boundary parameters of the vacuum pumping system read in by the control system in real time: the condenser pressure (exhaust steam temperature), the unit load, the pump combination (flow), the circulating water inlet temperature, the condenser vacuum tightness and the current operation mode of the vacuum-pumping system can be calculated by utilizing a condenser heat exchange model, the actual condensation heat exchange coefficient K under the current operation mode of the vacuum-pumping system and the ratio mu of the actual condensation heat exchange system corresponding to the operation combination to the ideal condensation heat exchange coefficient can be calculated, and the ideal condensation heat exchange coefficient K of the boundary condition can be calculated0Then respectively calculating the mu corresponding to the operation combination of other vacuum-pumping systems under the boundary condition1、μ2…μnFinally, the condensation heat exchange coefficient K under the operation modes of other vacuum-pumping systems is calculated1、K2…Kn。
Thirdly, condensing heat exchange coefficient K according to different operation modes of the vacuum-pumping system in the second step1、K2…KnBy using the heat exchange model of the condenser, calculation can be performedObtaining the condenser pressure p corresponding to different vacuum pumping system operation modes under the operation boundary conditionc1、pc2、pc3…pcn△ P (differential pressure) output variation value of the low-pressure cylinder caused by the operation combination of other vacuum-pumping systems can be obtained according to the variable back-pressure micro-output characteristic relational expression of the low-pressure cylinder by taking the current condenser pressure as a referenceel1、△Pel2、△Pel3…△Peln。
And fourthly, respectively calculating the energy consumption of various operation combinations of the vacuum pumping systems: peh1、Peh2、Peh3…PehnFor the vacuum-pumping equipment (water ring vacuum pump, water ring-roots vacuum pump set) driven by a motor, the power of the equipment can be obtained by measuring the current and voltage of the actual operation of the equipment, and for the equipment (steam jet pump) driven by steam, the consumed steam is converted into an equivalent power value according to an equivalent enthalpy drop method.
Fifthly, according to the calculation results of the third step and the fourth step, the gains of △ P of different vacuum pumping system operation combinations are obtainedel1-Peh1、△Pel2-Peh2、△Pel3-Peh3…△Peln-Pehn(ii) a The maximum operation yield of the vacuum pumping system is used as a target, an optimal operation combination can be obtained, and the optimal operation combination is output in a control system for operators to adjust the operation mode of the vacuum pumping system.
Taking 3 operation combinations in a certain unit vacuum-pumping system as an example, the parameters in the calculation process of the second step to the fifth step of the calculation steps are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 calculation examples of the second to fifth steps
Therefore, the current combination can be judged to be the best operation, and the control system outputs the corresponding result.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a promote parallel evacuation system operating efficiency's device which characterized in that: the device comprises a high-pressure condenser, a low-pressure condenser, a vacuumizing system pipeline and a water ring vacuum pump, wherein the high-pressure condenser is connected with the vacuumizing system pipeline of the low-pressure condenser through an electric isolating valve, the vacuumizing system pipeline is connected with the water ring vacuum pump through the electric isolating valve, and a plurality of water ring vacuum pumps are connected in parallel; a branch pipe is respectively led out from the vacuum pumping system pipelines of the high-pressure condenser and the low-pressure condenser, the tail ends of the branch pipes are provided with vacuum pumping equipment with different characteristics, the vacuum pumping equipment is connected with the water ring vacuum pump in parallel, and the branch pipes are provided with electric isolation valves.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 for increasing the operating efficiency of a parallel vacuum pumping system, wherein: the vacuum pumping equipment arranged at the tail end of the branch pipe comprises a water ring-roots vacuum pump set, a steam jet pump or other types of vacuum pumps.
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Inventor after: Zhu Bao Inventor after: Mei Yiming Inventor after: Tong Xiaozhong Inventor after: Gu Weifei Inventor after: Dong Yihua Inventor after: Luo Haihua Inventor after: Zhu Xiangyun Inventor after: Zhao Jiajun Inventor after: Zhao Weizheng Inventor after: Chen Jie Inventor before: Zhu Bao Inventor before: Mei Yiming Inventor before: Tong Xiaozhong Inventor before: Gu Weifei Inventor before: Dong Yihua Inventor before: Luo Haihua Inventor before: Zhu Xiangyun Inventor before: Zhao Jiajun Inventor before: Zhao Weizheng Inventor before: Chen Jie |
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