CN110542324A - Device for improving running efficiency of parallel vacuum-pumping system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Device for improving running efficiency of parallel vacuum-pumping system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
- F28B1/02—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using water or other liquid as the cooling medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B11/00—Controlling arrangements with features specially adapted for condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for improving the running efficiency of a parallel type vacuumizing system, which comprises a high-pressure condenser, a low-pressure condenser, vacuumizing system pipelines and water ring vacuum pumps, wherein the high-pressure condenser and the vacuumizing system pipelines of the low-pressure condenser are connected through electric isolating valves; a branch pipe is respectively led out from the vacuum pumping system pipelines of the high-pressure condenser and the low-pressure condenser, and the tail ends of the branch pipes are provided with vacuum pumping equipment with different characteristics. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device for improving the running efficiency of the parallel vacuum-pumping system connects different types of vacuum-pumping equipment in parallel, and the control system can select the best vacuum-pumping equipment combination to participate in running according to the change of external conditions, thereby improving the anti-interference capability and the running efficiency of the vacuum-pumping system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a condenser vacuum pumping system in a cold end system of a thermal power generating set, in particular to a device for improving the running efficiency of a parallel vacuum pumping system and a control method.
Background
The cold end system of the thermal power generator set is an important component of thermal cycle, mainly comprises a condenser, a condenser vacuumizing system, a circulating water system and the like, provides a stable cold source for the thermal cycle, the condenser pressure is an important index for measuring the running state of the cold end system, the coal consumption rate of the power supply of the unit can be reduced by about 1% when the value of the pressure is reduced by 1kPa, and the energy-saving potential is huge. The condenser vacuumizing system is mainly used for pumping out non-condensable gas leaked into the condenser, so that the condensing heat exchange process in the condenser is maintained in an ideal state, the heat exchange end difference of the condenser and the pressure of the condenser are reduced, the output of a turbo generator set is increased, but the vacuumizing system can consume certain energy, the operating efficiency of the vacuumizing system considers the two factors simultaneously, and the energy-saving net benefit of the whole cold end system is the highest.
At present, the energy-saving operation of a vacuum pumping system is influenced by a plurality of external interference factors, and during the normal operation, the influence rule of the energy-saving operation on the condensation heat exchange coefficient of a condenser is mainly related to factors such as unit load, circulating water inlet water temperature, a pump running mode, condenser vacuum tightness (air amount leaking into the condenser) and the like, and the factors change constantly in the actual operation process. Secondly, working media sucked by the condenser vacuumizing system are greatly different between the unit starting stage and the normal operation stage, the working media sucked by the unit starting stage are air, and the working media sucked by the unit starting stage are a mixture of air and steam (the partial pressure of the steam is far greater than the partial pressure of the air) in the normal operation state. At present, the vacuum pumping system has various equipment types (a water ring vacuum pumping pump, a water ring-roots vacuum pump and a steam jet pump), each equipment has an inherent optimal working state point, the operation efficiency is low when the equipment deviates from the optimal state point, and no vacuum pumping equipment can completely adapt to various boundary conditions of a condenser vacuum pumping system at present. For example, the existing units are generally equipped with water ring type vacuum pumping systems, and the pumping efficiency is higher in the starting stage of the units, the tightness of the condenser is poor, and the temperature rise of circulating water is high, but when the tightness of the condenser of the units is good and the temperature rise of the circulating water is low, the operating efficiency is greatly reduced, and the efficiency of the water ring-roots vacuum pump is higher in the working condition.
Boundary conditions (unit load, circulating water inlet temperature, running mode of a circulating pump and condenser vacuum tightness) change constantly in the actual running process of a condenser vacuumizing system, and at present, no vacuumizing equipment can completely adapt to all boundary conditions in the actual running process, so that the running of the vacuumizing system equipment is always deviated from the optimal design working condition, and the running efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a device for improving the running efficiency of a parallel type vacuumizing system and a control method thereof, which can improve the capacity of the vacuumizing system for resisting the interference of external factors, so that the vacuumizing system equipment can be always in a high-efficiency running interval, and the running efficiency of the parallel type vacuumizing system can be improved.
The device for improving the running efficiency of the parallel type vacuumizing system comprises a high-pressure condenser, a low-pressure condenser, vacuumizing system pipelines and water ring vacuum pumps, wherein the high-pressure condenser and the vacuumizing system pipelines of the low-pressure condenser are connected through electric isolating valves, the vacuumizing system pipelines are respectively connected with the water ring vacuum pumps through the electric isolating valves, and the water ring vacuum pumps are connected in parallel; a branch pipe is respectively led out from the pipelines of the vacuum pumping systems of the high-pressure condenser and the low-pressure condenser, the tail ends of the branch pipes are provided with vacuum pumping equipment with different characteristics, the vacuum pumping equipment is connected with the water ring vacuum pump in parallel, an electric isolating valve is arranged on each branch pipe, the newly-added vacuum pumping equipment can be connected with the original water ring vacuum pump in parallel or independently operated, the operation mode of the vacuum pumping system can be freely switched between the newly-added vacuum pumping equipment and the original equipment, and the operation flexibility of the vacuum pumping system is enhanced. The high-pressure condenser and the low-pressure condenser vacuum pumping system can respectively have the following operation modes:
TABLE 1 combination of high-low pressure condenser and vacuum-pumping system
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the vacuum pumping equipment arranged at the tail end of the branch pipe comprises a water ring-roots vacuum pump set, a steam jet pump or other types of vacuum pumps, wherein the water ring-roots vacuum pump set has small suction capacity and high operation efficiency, and the steam jet pump has stable suction capacity.
The control method of the device for improving the running efficiency of the parallel-connection type vacuumizing system comprises the following steps:
Firstly, establishing a mathematical model of the proportional relation of the heat exchange coefficient of the condenser, the vacuum tightness and the suction capacity of the condenser under different operation modes of the vacuum pumping system by a field test method.
And secondly, according to the operation boundary parameters of the vacuum-pumping system read in real time by the control system, calculating an actual condensation heat exchange coefficient K under the current vacuum-pumping system operation mode by using a condenser heat exchange model and a ratio mu of the actual condensation heat exchange coefficient corresponding to the operation combination to the ideal condensation heat exchange coefficient, calculating the ideal condensation heat exchange coefficient K0 of the boundary condition, then respectively calculating mu 1 and mu 2 … mu n corresponding to other vacuum-pumping system operation combinations under the boundary condition, and finally calculating the actual condensation heat exchange coefficients K1 and K2 … Kn under other vacuum-pumping system operation modes.
Thirdly, according to actual condensation heat exchange coefficients K1 and K2 … Kn of the second step under different operation modes of the vacuum pumping system, condenser pressures pc1, pc2 and pc3 … pcn corresponding to the different operation modes of the vacuum pumping system under the operation boundary condition can be calculated by using a condenser heat exchange model, and the output variation value of the low-pressure cylinder caused by the operation combination of the different vacuum pumping systems can be calculated according to the variable back pressure micro-increase output characteristic relational expression of the low-pressure cylinder by taking the current condenser pressure as a reference: Δ Pel1, Δ Pel2, and Δ Pel3 … Δ Peln.
and fourthly, respectively calculating the energy consumption Peh1, Peh2 and Peh3 … Pehn of various vacuum pumping system operation combinations, measuring the current and voltage of actual operation of the vacuum pumping equipment driven by the motor to obtain the power of the vacuum pumping equipment, and converting the consumed steam into an equivalent power value according to an equivalent enthalpy drop method for the steam driven equipment.
and fifthly, according to the calculation results of the third step and the fourth step, calculating the benefits of different vacuum pumping system operation combinations: delta Pel1-Peh1, delta Pel2-Peh2, delta Pel3-Peh3 … delta Peln-Pehn; the maximum operation yield of the vacuum pumping system is used as a target, an optimal operation combination can be obtained, and the optimal operation combination is output in a control system for operators to adjust the operation mode of the vacuum pumping system.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the specific method for establishing the mathematical model is as follows:
1) the actual condensation heat exchange coefficient K in the condenser can be calculated by measuring the heat load of the condenser, the inlet water temperature of the condenser, the circulating water flow and the pressure of the condenser and utilizing a condenser heat exchange model; in order to eliminate the influence of factors except the operation mode of the vacuum-pumping system on the heat exchange coefficient of the condenser, the ratio of the actual condensation heat exchange coefficients K1, K2, K3 and K4 … Kn (n is a positive integer) to the ideal condensation heat exchange coefficient K0 (when the air concentration in the condenser is sufficiently small) in different operation modes of the vacuum-pumping system is determined to be mu 1, mu 2, mu 3 and mu 4 … mu n by a method of switching and comparing tests, the thermodynamic system is kept consistent during the switching and comparing tests, the ideal condensation heat exchange coefficient is kept unchanged, the value can be calculated by using a former Soviet Coleman formula BT, and the calculation error and the K value measurement error do not influence the proportional relation among K1, K2, K3 and K4 … Kn.
2) Selecting a plurality of vacuum tightness test points GTP1, GTP2 and GTP3 … GTPn (generally about 100Pa/min, 200Pa/min and 300Pa/min … …), selecting a plurality of groups of comparison test working conditions under the corresponding condenser tightness, respectively determining the ratios mu 1, mu 2, mu 3 and mu 4 … mu n of the actual condensation heat exchange coefficient and the ideal condensation heat exchange coefficient under each vacuumizing system operation combination of each working condition according to the comparison test method in the step 1), then fitting a relational expression between the mu 1, mu 2, mu 3 and mu 4 … mu n and the corresponding vacuumizing system operation combination pumping quantity characterization value according to the results of the plurality of groups of comparison tests, wherein the relational expression is respectively mu 1 (delta p, GTP1), mu 1 (delta p, GTP2) … mu 1 (delta p, GTPn) (water ring vacuum pump), mu 2(GTP1), mu 2(GTP2) … mu 2(GTPn) (steam jet pump), μ 3(pc, GTP1), μ 3(pc, GTP2) … μ 3(pc, GTPn) (water ring-Roots vacuum pump set). The pumping quantity of the water-ring vacuum pump is mainly related to delta p (the difference between the condenser pressure and the saturation pressure corresponding to the working liquid temperature of the water-ring vacuum pump), the mass flow of the water-ring roots vacuum pump set is generally related to the suction inlet pressure (condenser pressure pc), and the pumping mass flow of the steam jet pump is generally stable.
3) For the mu values at the vacuum tightness test point GTP of other condensers, the mu values at the vacuum tightness test point of the condenser in the step 2) can be obtained by the relational linear interpolation of the mu values:
GTP<GTP，
……
GTP>GTP，
……
the μ values at the vacuum tightness test point GTP of the other condensers are thus obtained.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the operation boundary parameters of the vacuum pumping system read in by the control system in real time comprise condenser pressure (exhaust steam temperature), unit load, pump running combination (flow), circulating water inlet temperature, condenser vacuum tightness and the current operation mode of the vacuum pumping system.
preferably, the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the vacuum pumping device driven by the motor comprises a water ring vacuum pump and a water ring-roots vacuum pump set, and the steam driving device comprises a steam jet pump.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device for improving the running efficiency of the parallel vacuum-pumping system connects different types of vacuum-pumping equipment in parallel, and the control system can select the best vacuum-pumping equipment combination to participate in running according to the change of external conditions, thereby improving the anti-interference capability and the running efficiency of the vacuum-pumping system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for improving the operation efficiency of a parallel vacuum pumping system;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control system of the parallel vacuum pumping system;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the ratio mu of the condensing heat transfer coefficient to the ideal heat transfer coefficient and the vacuum tightness and the pumping amount in the operation mode of the water ring vacuum pump and the water ring Roots vacuum pump set vacuum pumping system;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the ratio mu of the condensing heat transfer coefficient to the ideal heat transfer coefficient and the vacuum tightness in the operation mode of the steam jet pump vacuum pumping system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The device for improving the operating efficiency of the parallel vacuum pumping system and the control method thereof are used for improving the operating efficiency of the condenser vacuum pumping system, improving the operating economy of a thermal power generation cold end system and reducing the power generation coal consumption. The device comprises two or more different types of vacuum-pumping equipment, and the control method mainly selects an optimal vacuum-pumping equipment to operate according to the actual boundary conditions (pumping working medium, unit load, circulating water inlet temperature, pump running combination mode and condenser vacuum tightness) of the condenser vacuum-pumping system, so that the operating efficiency of the vacuum-pumping system is not interfered by external factors and is always in a high-efficiency interval.
Promote parallel vacuum pumping system operating efficiency's device includes high-pressure condenser, low pressure condenser, vacuum pumping system pipeline and water ring vacuum pump, be connected through electronic isolating valve between the vacuum pumping system pipeline of high-pressure condenser and low pressure condenser, as shown in FIG. 1, the needs of establishing the vacuum fast when satisfying the unit start-up that can be fine, but when it is better at condenser vacuum tightness, the suction volume is on the large side, be unfavorable for vacuum pumping system's energy-conserving operation, in addition, its suction capacity is subject to cooling water temperature, "extreme vacuum" appears easily in summer, its suction efficiency often on the low side.
The energy-saving operation of the vacuum-pumping system is mainly influenced by external factors such as unit load, circulating water inlet temperature, a combined mode of running along a pump, the vacuum tightness of a condenser and the like, changes constantly in the actual operation process, various types of vacuum-pumping equipment are available at present, the equipment all have the optimal operation efficiency interval of the equipment, but no optimal operation interval of the vacuum-pumping equipment can completely cover the boundary interval in the actual operation of the vacuum-pumping system.
in order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, in addition to the above structure, one branch pipe is led out from each of the vacuum pumping system pipelines of the high-pressure condenser and the low-pressure condenser, and vacuum pumping devices with different characteristics are disposed at the end of the branch pipe, as shown in fig. 1, for example: the water ring-Roots vacuum pump set has small pumping amount and high operation efficiency, the steam jet pump with stable pumping amount has one deep cooling unit added to the original water ring vacuum pump, and one atmosphere ejector to overcome ultimate vacuum and other vacuum pumping equipment. The electric isolation valve is arranged on the branch pipe, so that the newly-added vacuum pumping equipment can be connected with the original water ring vacuum pump in parallel or can be independently operated, the operation mode of the vacuum pumping system can be freely switched between the newly-added vacuum pumping equipment and the original water ring vacuum pump, and the operation flexibility of the vacuum pumping system is improved. The high-pressure condenser and the low-pressure condenser vacuum pumping system can respectively have the following operation modes:
TABLE 2 combination of high-low pressure condenser and vacuum-pumping system
The control method of the device for improving the running efficiency of the parallel-connection type vacuumizing system mainly aims at selecting the optimal vacuumizing equipment combination to participate in running according to the actual running boundary conditions (unit load, circulating water inlet temperature, a circulating pump running combination mode and condenser vacuum tightness) of the vacuumizing system so as to enable the comprehensive benefits of the running of the vacuumizing system to be maximum, and the control system mainly comprises a data acquisition layer, a data processing layer and a result output layer; the frame diagram is shown in fig. 2, and the control method mainly comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing a mathematical model of the proportional relation of the heat exchange coefficient of the condenser, the vacuum tightness and the suction capacity of the condenser under different operation modes of the vacuum pumping system by a field test method. The specific method comprises the following steps:
1) The actual heat exchange coefficient K in the condenser can be calculated by measuring the heat load of the condenser, the inlet water temperature of the condenser, the circulating water flow and the pressure of the condenser and utilizing a heat exchange model of the condenser;
the heat load of the condenser can be obtained by a heat balance method, the complete thermodynamic system is taken as a research object, and according to an energy conservation equation of the whole thermodynamic system, the heat load Tlc of the condenser can be obtained by the following formula: tlc 0 × Pel0-Pel and thermodynamic cycle endotherm Tlab 0 × Pel 0. Where Pel0 is the load when the back pressure of the thermodynamic cycle is the rated value, HR0 is the heat rate of the rated thermodynamic cycle, and Pel is the actual load of the thermodynamic cycle. The condenser pressure measuring point generally adopts an ASME standard mesh cage probe, a test instrument is a 0.05-grade absolute pressure transmitter, and the precision of a data acquisition unit is 0.02 grade or higher. The circulating water inlet temperature, the circulating water outlet temperature, and the water ring vacuum pump working fluid temperature can be measured using high precision thermal resistors (e.g., PT100 platinum resistor). The circulating water flow can be obtained by integrating a condenser heat balance calculation value and an ultrasonic flowmeter measurement value.
in order to eliminate the influence of factors except the operation mode of the vacuum-pumping system on the heat exchange coefficient of the condenser, the ratio of the heat exchange coefficients K1, K2, K3, K4 … Kn of the condenser to the ideal heat exchange coefficient K0 (when the air concentration in the condenser is sufficiently small) in different operation modes of the vacuum-pumping system is determined to be mu 1, mu 2, mu 3 and mu 4 … mu n by a method of switching and comparing tests, the thermodynamic system is kept consistent during the switching and comparing tests, the ideal heat exchange coefficient can be kept unchanged, the value can be calculated by using the British Deleman formula BT, and the calculation error and the K value measurement error do not influence the proportional relation among K1, K2, K3 and K4 … Kn.
2) Selecting a plurality of vacuum tightness test points GTP1, GTP2 and GTP3 … GTPn (generally about 100Pa/min, 200Pa/min and 300Pa/min … …), selecting a plurality of groups of comparative test working conditions under the corresponding condenser tightness, respectively determining the ratios mu 1, mu 2, mu 3 and mu 4 … mu n of the condensation heat exchange coefficient and the ideal condensation heat exchange coefficient of the condenser under each vacuumized operation combination of each working condition according to the comparative test method, then fitting the relational expressions between mu 1, mu 2, mu 3 and mu 4 … mu n and the characterization values of the pumping quantities of the corresponding vacuumized system operation combinations according to the results of the plurality of groups of comparative test, wherein the relational expressions are respectively mu 1 (delta p, GTP1), mu 1 (delta p, GTP2), … mu 1 (delta p, GTPn) (water ring vacuum pump), mu 2(GTP1), mu 2(GTP2) … mu 2(GTPn) (steam jet pump), mu 3(pc, GTP1), μ 3(pc, GTP2) … μ 3(pc, GTPn) (water ring-roots vacuum pump set). The pumping amount of the water-ring vacuum pump is mainly related to Δ p (difference between the condenser pressure and the saturation pressure corresponding to the temperature of the working fluid of the water-ring vacuum pump), the mass flow of the water-ring roots vacuum pump set is generally related to the pressure of the suction port (condenser pressure pc), as shown in fig. 3, the mass flow pumped by the steam jet pump is generally stable, as shown in fig. 4.
3) For the mu values at the vacuum tightness test point GTP of other condensers, the mu values can be obtained by the linear interpolation of the relation formula of the mu values at the vacuum tightness test point of the condenser:
GTP<GTP,
……
GTP>GTP，
……
and step two, according to the operation boundary parameters of the vacuum pumping system read in by the control system in real time: the method comprises the following steps of calculating an actual condensation heat exchange coefficient K under the current operation mode of the vacuum-pumping system by using a condenser heat exchange model, calculating a ratio mu of an actual condensation heat exchange system corresponding to the operation combination to an ideal condensation heat exchange coefficient, calculating an ideal condensation heat exchange coefficient K0 of the boundary condition, calculating mu 1 and mu 2 … mu n corresponding to other operation combinations of the vacuum-pumping system under the boundary condition, and finally calculating condensation heat exchange coefficients K1 and K2 … Kn under the operation modes of other vacuum-pumping systems.
Thirdly, according to condensation heat exchange coefficients K1 and K2 … Kn of the second step under different operation modes of the vacuum pumping system, calculating condenser pressures pc1, pc2 and pc3 … pcn corresponding to the different operation modes of the vacuum pumping system under the operation boundary condition by using a condenser heat exchange model, and calculating the output variation value of the low-pressure cylinder caused by the operation combination of other vacuum pumping systems according to the variable back pressure micro-increase output characteristic relation formula of the low-pressure cylinder by taking the current condenser pressure as a reference: Δ Pel1, Δ Pel2, and Δ Pel3 … Δ Peln.
and fourthly, respectively calculating the energy consumption of various operation combinations of the vacuum pumping systems: peh1, Peh2, and Peh3 … Pehn, for a vacuum-pumping device (water ring vacuum pump, water ring roots vacuum pump set) driven by a motor, the power of the vacuum-pumping device can be obtained by measuring the current and voltage of the actual operation of the vacuum-pumping device, and for a device (steam jet pump) driven by steam, the consumed steam should be converted into an equivalent power value according to an equivalent enthalpy drop method.
And fifthly, according to the calculation results of the third step and the fourth step, calculating the benefits of different vacuum pumping system operation combinations: delta Pel1-Peh1, delta Pel2-Peh2, delta Pel3-Peh3 … delta Peln-Pehn; the maximum operation yield of the vacuum pumping system is used as a target, an optimal operation combination can be obtained, and the optimal operation combination is output in a control system for operators to adjust the operation mode of the vacuum pumping system.
Taking 3 operation combinations in a certain unit vacuum-pumping system as an example, the parameters in the calculation process of the second step to the fifth step of the calculation steps are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 calculation examples of the second to fifth steps
Therefore, the current combination can be judged to be the best operation, and the control system outputs the corresponding result.
Claims (6)
1. the utility model provides a promote parallel evacuation system operating efficiency's device which characterized in that: the device comprises a high-pressure condenser, a low-pressure condenser, a vacuumizing system pipeline and a water ring vacuum pump, wherein the high-pressure condenser is connected with the vacuumizing system pipeline of the low-pressure condenser through an electric isolating valve, the vacuumizing system pipeline is connected with the water ring vacuum pump through the electric isolating valve, and a plurality of water ring vacuum pumps are connected in parallel; a branch pipe is respectively led out from the vacuum pumping system pipelines of the high-pressure condenser and the low-pressure condenser, the tail ends of the branch pipes are provided with vacuum pumping equipment with different characteristics, the vacuum pumping equipment is connected with the water ring vacuum pump in parallel, and the branch pipes are provided with electric isolation valves.
2. the apparatus of claim 1 for increasing the operating efficiency of a parallel vacuum pumping system, wherein: the vacuum pumping equipment arranged at the tail end of the branch pipe comprises a water ring-roots vacuum pump set, a steam jet pump or other types of vacuum pumps.
3. A control method of the apparatus for improving the operation efficiency of the parallel vacuum system according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing a mathematical model of the proportional relation of the heat exchange coefficient of the condenser, the vacuum tightness and the suction capacity of the condenser under different operation modes of the vacuum pumping system by a field test method;
secondly, according to the operation boundary parameters of the vacuum-pumping system read in by the control system in real time, calculating an actual condensation heat exchange coefficient K under the current vacuum-pumping system operation mode by using a condenser heat exchange model and a ratio mu of the actual condensation heat exchange coefficient corresponding to the operation combination to the ideal condensation heat exchange coefficient, calculating the ideal condensation heat exchange coefficient K0 of the boundary condition, then respectively calculating mu 1 and mu 2 … mu n corresponding to other vacuum-pumping system operation combinations under the boundary condition, and finally calculating actual condensation heat exchange coefficients K1 and K2 … Kn under other vacuum-pumping system operation modes;
Thirdly, according to actual condensation heat exchange coefficients K1 and K2 … Kn of the second step under different operation modes of the vacuum pumping system, calculating condenser pressures pc1, pc2 and pc3 … pcn corresponding to the different operation modes of the vacuum pumping system under the operation boundary condition by using a condenser heat exchange model, and calculating the output variation value of the low-pressure cylinder caused by the operation combination of the different vacuum pumping systems according to the variable back pressure micro-increase output characteristic relation formula of the low-pressure cylinder by taking the current condenser pressure as a reference: Δ Pel1, Δ Pel2, Δ Pel3 … Δ Peln;
Fourthly, respectively calculating the energy consumption Peh1, Peh2 and Peh3 … Pehn of various vacuum pumping system operation combinations, calculating the power of the vacuum pumping equipment driven by the motor by measuring the actual operation current and voltage of the vacuum pumping equipment, and converting the consumed steam into an equivalent power value for the steam driven equipment according to an equivalent enthalpy drop method;
and fifthly, according to the calculation results of the third step and the fourth step, calculating the benefits of different vacuum pumping system operation combinations: and the optimal operation combination is obtained by delta Pel1-Peh1, delta Pel2-Peh2, delta Pel3-Peh3 … and delta Peln-Pehn, and the optimal operation combination is output in a control system for operators to adjust the operation mode of the vacuum pumping system.
4. The control method of the device for improving the operating efficiency of the parallel vacuum pumping systems according to claim 3, wherein: in the first step, the specific method for establishing the mathematical model is as follows:
1) the actual condensation heat exchange coefficient K in the condenser is calculated by measuring the heat load of the condenser, the inlet water temperature of the condenser, the circulating water flow and the pressure of the condenser and utilizing a condenser heat exchange model; determining the ratios of actual condensation heat exchange coefficients K1, K2, K3 and K4 … Kn to ideal condensation heat exchange coefficients K0 to be mu 1, mu 2, mu 3 and mu 4 … mu n under different operation modes of the vacuum-pumping system by a method of switching the operation modes of the vacuum-pumping system to a comparative test;
2) selecting a plurality of vacuum tightness test points GTP1, GTP2 and GTP3 … GTPn, selecting a plurality of groups of comparison test working conditions under the corresponding condenser tightness, respectively determining the ratios mu 1, mu 2, mu 3 and mu 4 … mu n of the actual condensation heat exchange coefficient and the ideal condensation heat exchange coefficient under each vacuum system operation combination of each group of working conditions according to the comparison test method in the step 1), and then fitting the relational expressions between the mu 1, mu 2, mu 3 and mu 4 … mu n and the corresponding vacuum system operation combination suction capacity characterization values according to the results of the plurality of groups of comparison tests, wherein the relational expressions are respectively as follows: a water-ring vacuum pump: μ 1(Δ p, GTP1), μ 1(Δ p, GTP2) … μ 1(Δ p, GTPn), vapor jet pump: μ 2(GTP1), μ 2(GTP2) … μ 2(GTPn), water ring-roots vacuum pump set: μ 3(pc, GTP1), μ 3(pc, GTP2) … μ 3(pc, GTPn);
3) For the mu values at the vacuum tightness test point GTP of other condensers, the mu values at the vacuum tightness test point of the condenser in the step 2) are obtained by the relational linear interpolation of the mu values:
GTP<GTP，
……
GTP>GTP，
……
The μ values at the vacuum tightness test point GTP of the other condensers are thus obtained.
5. the control method of the device for improving the operating efficiency of the parallel vacuum pumping systems according to claim 3, wherein: in the second step, the operation boundary parameters of the vacuum pumping system read in by the control system in real time comprise condenser pressure and exhaust steam temperature, unit load, pump running combination, circulating water inlet temperature, condenser vacuum tightness and the current operation mode of the vacuum pumping system.
6. The control method of the device for improving the operating efficiency of the parallel vacuum pumping systems according to claim 3, wherein: in the fourth step, the vacuum pumping device driven by the motor comprises a water ring vacuum pump and a water ring-roots vacuum pump set, and the steam driving device comprises a steam jet pump.
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