CN210754291U - Kitchen waste treatment system - Google Patents

Kitchen waste treatment system Download PDF

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CN210754291U
CN210754291U CN201920626125.3U CN201920626125U CN210754291U CN 210754291 U CN210754291 U CN 210754291U CN 201920626125 U CN201920626125 U CN 201920626125U CN 210754291 U CN210754291 U CN 210754291U
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unit
liquid
inner cylinder
outer cylinder
kitchen waste
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彭钧雄
简静仪
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Guangzhou Guanghuan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Guangzhou Guanghuan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

Abstract

A kitchen waste treatment system comprises a pretreatment unit, a fuel ethanol production unit, a biodiesel production unit, a sewage purification unit, a solid waste stacking unit and a biological deodorization unit; the pretreatment unit comprises a solid-liquid separator and an oil-water separator; the solid-liquid separator is a roller device, the roller device comprises an engine, an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the side wall of the inner cylinder, a first liquid discharge port is formed in the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is arranged in the outer cylinder and connected with the engine, when the engine works, the inner cylinder rotates in the outer cylinder at the speed of 600 plus 1000rpm, and a liquid collecting tank communicated with the first liquid discharge port is arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; the oil-water separator is provided with a second liquid outlet which communicates the inner space and the outer space of the oil-water separator; the sewage purification unit comprises a MAP treatment system and an A1/A2/O treatment system. The utility model discloses a kitchen garbage processing system has pointed ground to carry out resourceful treatment to all kinds of kitchen garbage, has realized resource maximize and has utilized.

Description

Kitchen waste treatment system
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of kitchen garbage resourceful treatment, specifically, relate to a kitchen garbage processing system.
Background
At present, the national kitchen waste is large in production amount, but the resource utilization rate is extremely low, the environment is polluted, and meanwhile, a large amount of resources are wasted. The common treatment modes of the existing kitchen waste mainly comprise 5 modes of crushing direct discharge treatment, landfill treatment, fertilizer treatment, feed treatment, energy treatment and the like, the crushing direct discharge treatment only simply treats the kitchen waste and can cause secondary pollution, and the landfill treatment can occupy a large area and is gradually replaced. The fertilizer and feed treatment belongs to a resource utilization mode, but the added value of the product is low, and the operation cost is high. Energy treatment (incineration) is a technology which is rapidly raised in recent years, but because the water content of the kitchen waste is high, auxiliary fuel needs to be added during combustion, so that the investment is large, and meanwhile, the tail gas treatment is also a difficult problem. In addition, the national dietary habits and the complexity of the components of the kitchen waste also determine that the kitchen waste is difficult to treat and recycle resources efficiently and in high yield by using a single existing treatment technology.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a kitchen garbage processing system to solve at least one among the above-mentioned technical problem.
According to one aspect of the utility model, a kitchen waste treatment system is provided, which comprises a pretreatment unit, a fuel ethanol production unit, a biodiesel production unit, a sewage purification unit, a solid waste stacking unit and a biological deodorization unit; the pretreatment unit comprises a solid-liquid separator and an oil-water separator; the solid-liquid separator is a roller device, the roller device comprises an engine, an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the side wall of the inner cylinder, a first liquid discharge port is formed in the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is arranged in the outer cylinder and connected with the engine, when the engine works, the inner cylinder rotates in the outer cylinder at the speed of 600 plus 1000rpm, and a liquid collecting tank communicated with the first liquid discharge port is arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; the oil-water separator is provided with a second liquid outlet which communicates the inner space and the outer space of the oil-water separator; the sewage purification unit comprises an A1/A2/O treatment system and an MAP treatment system, the A1/A2/O system comprises an anaerobic fermentation tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, a secondary sedimentation tank and a biogas collection and heat supply system, and the MAP treatment system comprises an MAP reaction tank and an MAP sedimentation tank; the anaerobic fermentation tank contains 0.005-0.05 wt% of anaerobic bacteria and 0.005-0.08 wt% of phosphorus-accumulating bacteria, and the strains of the anaerobic bacteria comprise bacillus and bacteroides; the anoxic tank contains 0.01-0.02 wt% of anoxic bacteria, and the strains of the anoxic bacteria comprise pseudomonas, micrococcus, nitrobacillus, spirochete and achromobacter; the aerobic pool contains 0.008-0.05 wt% of aerobic bacteria, and the strain of the aerobic bacteria comprises nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria.
Preferably, the fuel ethanol producing unit comprises a pulping device, a first reflux heating stirring device, an anaerobic fermentation device and a distillation system.
Preferably, the distillation system comprises one crude distillation column and one rectification column.
Preferably, the biodiesel producing unit comprises a second reflux heating and stirring device and a third reflux heating and stirring device.
Preferably, the biodiesel producing unit further comprises a distillation system.
Preferably, the system further comprises a vacuum pump system, and the vacuum pump system is respectively connected with the second reflux heating stirring device and/or the third reflux heating stirring device and/or the distillation system.
The utility model discloses based on present kitchen garbage's complexity, classify the material that nature is approximate in the kitchen garbage, take corresponding technical method to carry out resourceful treatment to all kinds of kitchen garbage, produce fuel ethanol, biodiesel, glycerine, pet fodder and nitrogenous fertilizer etc. the product added value is high, and whole processing procedure does not produce secondary pollution, has realized resource maximize and has utilized to reach kitchen garbage's minimizing and innoxious purpose.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the unit composition of a kitchen waste treatment system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the kitchen waste treatment system in the embodiment comprises a pretreatment unit, a fuel ethanol production unit, a biodiesel production unit, a sewage purification unit and a solid waste stacking unit. The pretreatment unit comprises a solid-liquid separator and an oil-water separator. The solid-liquid separator is a roller device, the roller device comprises an engine, an inner barrel and an outer barrel, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the side wall of the inner barrel, a first liquid discharge port is formed in the bottom of the outer barrel, the inner barrel is arranged in the outer barrel and connected with the engine, a liquid collecting groove communicated with the first liquid discharge port is formed between the inner barrel and the outer barrel, and a second liquid discharge port is formed in the bottom of the oil-water separator.
The pretreatment process of the kitchen waste is as follows:
(1) sorting the kitchen waste to remove the refractory materials;
(2) enabling the kitchen waste to enter a pretreatment unit, starting a motor to drive an inner cylinder to rotate at the speed of 600 plus 1000rpm, throwing liquid in the kitchen waste out of the inner cylinder from a water outlet hole in the wall of the inner cylinder, separating the liquid from solid waste, collecting the liquid in a liquid collecting tank between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and finally discharging the liquid out of the roller device through a first liquid discharging hole;
(3) and transferring the liquid waste discharged from the liquid collecting tank into an oil-water separator, standing the liquid waste until the liquid waste is layered, wherein the upper layer is grease, the lower layer is waste water, separating the liquid, and discharging the liquid through a second liquid discharge port at the bottom of the oil-water separator.
Example 1
And further sorting the dehydrated kitchen waste source solid waste, sorting starch waste and aggregate, meat, vegetable and fruit waste, and distributing the starch waste to a fuel production ethanol unit. The fuel ethanol producing unit comprises a pulping device, a first reflux heating and stirring device, an anaerobic fermentation device and a distillation system.
Throw in starch class waste material and get into making beating device, according to 3: 1, adding water into the starch waste in the ratio of the material to the water, starting a pulping device, and pulping the material in the pulping device until the material becomes pulp with the particle size of 5-45 mu m. Transferring the slurry into a first reflux heating stirring device, heating to 100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 45min, wherein the slurry is continuously stirred (100 rpm). Cooling the slurry to 58-60 deg.C, liquefying for 30min, adjusting pH to 4.2 with acetic acid, adding saccharifying enzyme at 0.18 wt%, and saccharifying at 58-60 deg.C for 20 min. And pouring the slurry after the saccharification reaction is finished from the first reflux heating and stirring device, and filtering to obtain mash. Transferring the mash into an anaerobic fermentation device, wherein the anaerobic fermentation device is a CSTR reactor made of organic glass and has an effective volume of 2m3. The top of the CSTR reactor is provided with a stirring device which is provided with a feeding port and an exhaust port, the side part is provided with an upper sampling port and a lower sampling port, the bottom of the CSTR reactor is provided with a discharge port, and the reactor adopts a double-layer structure and is heated by constant-temperature water bath. Inoculating 10 wt% of composite yeast into the mash, wherein the effective viable count of the composite yeast is more than or equal to 108CFU/g, the effective viable bacteria strain composition is: las yeast No. 2 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rasse II) + Saccharomyces cerevisiae K) + Saccharomyces cerevisiae HakkenNo.1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae HakkenNo. 1). Fermenting at 32-34 deg.C for 65 hr to obtain hairAnd (4) fermenting liquid. Sterilizing the fermentation liquor by using ultraviolet rays, and filtering to obtain filtrate. To the filtrate was added 1.8 wt% of an entrainer (malic acid: chlorocholine ═ 3:2), and the resulting solution was transferred to a distillation system. The distillation system comprises a crude distillation tower and a rectification tower, and the solution is subjected to secondary distillation in the crude distillation tower and the rectification tower in sequence to obtain the ethanol. The purity of the fuel ethanol prepared by the method can reach 99.8 percent at most.
In the embodiment, Lass No. 2 yeast, K-shaped yeast and Japanese research and development No.1 yeast are applied to the process of fermenting mash, the three yeasts are high-yield yeasts for producing ethanol from raw materials respectively, and the three yeasts simultaneously act on a fermentation system, so that the synergistic effect can be realized, and the fermentation system can produce a large amount of ethanol.
And collecting the waste filter residue in the fuel ethanol preparation process, and delivering the filter residue and the aggregate, meat, vegetable and fruit waste together to a solid waste stacking unit, and then serving as raw materials of pet feed or compost.
Example 2
And delivering the grease discharged from the oil-water separator to a biodiesel production unit, wherein the biodiesel production unit comprises a second reflux heating and stirring device, a third reflux heating and stirring device, a distillation system and a vacuum pump system. And a third liquid outlet is formed at the bottom of the second reflux heating and stirring device. The vacuum pump system is respectively connected with the second reflux heating and stirring device and the third reflux heating and stirring device, and negative pressure is provided for the second reflux heating and stirring device, the third reflux heating and stirring device and the distillation system by the vacuum pump system.
Transferring the grease into a second reflux heating stirring device, and adding an alkaline methanol solution containing 0.5 wt% of NaOH and 20 wt% of methanol and 1 wt% of a catalyst into the grease according to an alcohol-oil ratio of 5:1 to obtain an ester exchange reaction liquid, wherein the catalyst liquid is magnesium germanate or zinc germanate. Heating the ester exchange reaction solution to 62 ℃, stirring at 600rpm for 30min, heating by microwave, heating to 68 ℃, and preserving heat for 20 min. Starting a vacuum pump system to enable the vacuum degree in the second reflux heating stirring device to be-0.09-0.096 MPa, standing until liquid is layered, recovering the upper layer to be a crude biodiesel layer and the lower layer to be a crude glycerin layer to normal pressure, opening a third liquid outlet, and discharging the crude glycerin layer. Starting the vacuum pump system to restore the vacuum degree in the second reflux heating and stirring device to-0.09-0.096 MPa, heating by microwave, raising the temperature to 100-105 ℃, preserving the temperature, and stirring until the methanol and the water in the system are evaporated to prepare the refined diesel oil.
Transferring the crude glycerol discharged from the second reflux heating and stirring device into a third reflux heating and stirring device, starting a vacuum pump system to ensure that the vacuum degree in the third reflux heating and stirring device is-0.09-0.096 MPa, heating by microwave to 100-.
The refined biodiesel yield was calculated according to the following formula:
the yield of the refined biodiesel is (the mass of the refined biodiesel/the mass of the source oil of the kitchen waste) multiplied by 100 percent.
The glycerol content was determined by the method of GB/T13216.6-1991.
Through calculation, the refined biodiesel yield of the embodiment is 76.32%, and the glycerin purity can reach 99.50%.
Example 3
The sewage purification unit in this embodiment is connected with the oil-water separator through a pipeline, and wastewater discharged from the oil-water separator directly enters the sewage treatment unit through the pipeline. The sewage purification unit of the embodiment comprises an A1/A2/O (Anaerobic-Oxic, Anaerobic-Anoxic-aerobic) treatment system and an MAP (struvite sedimentation) treatment system, wherein the A1/A2/O system comprises an Anaerobic fermentation tank, an Anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, a secondary sedimentation tank and a biogas collection and heat supply system; the anaerobic fermentation tank contains 0.005-0.05 wt% of anaerobic bacteria and 0.005-0.08 wt% of phosphorus-accumulating bacteria, and the strains of the anaerobic bacteria comprise bacillus and bacteroides; the anoxic tank contains 0.01-0.02 wt% of anoxic bacteria, and the strains of the anoxic bacteria comprise pseudomonas, micrococcus, nitrobacillus, spirochete and achromobacter; the aerobic pool contains 0.008-0.05 wt% of aerobic bacteria, and the strain of the aerobic bacteria comprises nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria. The MAP treatment system comprises a MAP reaction tank and a MAP sedimentation tank. The biogas collection and heat supply system is communicated with the anaerobic fermentation tank; the anaerobic fermentation tank, the anoxic tank, the aerobic tank, the secondary sedimentation tank, the MAP reaction tank and the MAP sedimentation tank are communicated in sequence.
The wastewater after oil-water separation directly enters an A/A/O treatment system through a pipeline, and the wastewater sequentially enters an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank in the A/A/O treatment system for 4 hours, stays in the anoxic tank for 2 hours and stays in the aerobic tank for 4 hours, then enters a sedimentation tank, and is subjected to standing sedimentation until sludge and purified water are obviously layered. Collecting biogas generated in the anaerobic fermentation tank by using a biogas collecting and heating system, burning the collected biogas, and supplying heat generated by biogas burning to the generated heat to the first reflux heating and stirring device, the second reflux heating and stirring device, the third reflux heating and stirring device and the distillation system; and (4) detecting the quality of the purified water in the secondary sedimentation tank, and discharging the purified water meeting the discharge standard out of the secondary sedimentation tank for irrigating gardens. The sludge generated in the anaerobic fermentation tank and the secondary sedimentation tank enters an MAP reaction tank, the pH value in the MAP reaction tank is adjusted to 9.5, magnesium chloride and sodium dihydrogen phosphate are added into the solution to form a mixture with the sludge, and the mixture meets the requirement of Mg2+:NH4+:PO4 2+The molar ratio of 1.2:1.0:0.9, the temperature is controlled to be 25 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 15-20 min; and (3) inputting the product in the MAP reaction tank into an MAP sedimentation tank, adding a flocculating agent of 45ppm into the MAP sedimentation tank, reacting for 15-20min at the temperature of 25 ℃, and standing until solid and liquid are layered. And (3) recycling the supernatant subjected to the MAP precipitation treatment in an anaerobic fermentation tank, and performing filter pressing operation on a precipitate byproduct generated in the purification process to prepare the nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer.
It should be finally noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that after reading the present specification, the technical personnel can still modify or equivalently replace the specific embodiments of the present invention, but these modifications or changes do not depart from the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. A kitchen waste treatment system is characterized by comprising a pretreatment unit, a fuel ethanol production unit, a biodiesel production unit, a sewage purification unit, a solid waste stacking unit and a biological deodorization unit;
the pretreatment unit comprises a solid-liquid separator and an oil-water separator;
the solid-liquid separator is a roller device, the roller device comprises an engine, an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the side wall of the inner cylinder, a first liquid discharge port is formed in the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is arranged in the outer cylinder and connected with the engine, when the engine works, the inner cylinder rotates in the outer cylinder at the speed of 600 plus 1000rpm, and a liquid collecting tank communicated with the first liquid discharge port is arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder;
the oil-water separator is provided with a second liquid outlet which communicates the inner space with the outer space;
the sewage purification unit comprises an A1/A2/O treatment system and an MAP treatment system, wherein the A1/A2/O system comprises an anaerobic fermentation tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, a secondary sedimentation tank and a biogas collection and heat supply system, and the MAP treatment system comprises an MAP reaction tank and an MAP sedimentation tank.
2. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 1, wherein: the fuel ethanol producing unit comprises a pulping device, a first reflux heating and stirring device, an anaerobic fermentation device and a distillation system.
3. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 2, wherein: the distillation system comprises a crude distillation column and a rectification column.
4. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 1, wherein: the biodiesel production unit comprises a second reflux heating and stirring device and a third reflux heating and stirring device.
5. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 4, wherein: the biodiesel-producing unit also includes a distillation system.
6. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 5, wherein: the vacuum pump system is respectively connected with the second reflux heating and stirring device and/or the third reflux heating and stirring device and/or the distillation system.
CN201920626125.3U 2019-04-30 2019-04-30 Kitchen waste treatment system Active CN210754291U (en)

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