CN210745013U - Network voltage zero-crossing soft power-on circuit - Google Patents

Network voltage zero-crossing soft power-on circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN210745013U
CN210745013U CN201922062185.XU CN201922062185U CN210745013U CN 210745013 U CN210745013 U CN 210745013U CN 201922062185 U CN201922062185 U CN 201922062185U CN 210745013 U CN210745013 U CN 210745013U
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China
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power
resistor
diode
circuit
anode
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201922062185.XU
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
童宇
郑启鹏
孙伟涛
张勇
龙沁雪
陈熠
冷思超
张钊瑞
施路伟
谢雅馨
常中科
杨喜军
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a soft power-on circuit of net voltage zero passage, including control circuit and power circuit, control circuit is responsible for judging net voltage zero passage and sends originated power-on signal when net voltage zero passage, and power circuit is responsible for receiving originated power-on signal and accomplishes single-phase or three phase rectifier circuit's the soft power-on of single-phase net voltage zero passage. The utility model discloses a series connection goes up electric resistance and thyristor under the electrolytic capacitor negative pole, has advantages such as the circuit is simple, control is easy, low cost, and the soft power-on process of single-phase network voltage zero passage of three-phase rectifier circuit especially can make to go up the total energy consumption of electric resistance minimum, and energy-conserving effect is most obvious.

Description

Network voltage zero-crossing soft power-on circuit
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a three-phase diode rectifier circuit in power electronic transformation technical field specifically relates to a soft power-on circuit of net voltage zero passage.
Background
The three-phase diode rectifying circuit or the power electronic conversion circuit containing the three-phase diode rectifying circuit is widely applied to the application fields of industrial frequency converters, active power filters, controllable rectifiers and the like, and becomes a necessary circuit. The three-phase diode rectifying circuit structure adopts an electrolytic capacitor, obtains direct current voltage through filtering, and provides a direct current power supply for the later-stage power electronic frequency converter.
The three-phase diode rectifying circuit needs to adopt a soft power-on (pre-charging) measure to form an RC charging circuit, so that the power-on process is slow, the voltage of an electrolytic capacitor is controllable, the amplitude of the network side impact current meets the safety standard, otherwise, the rapidly-rising voltage of the electrolytic capacitor is enough to break down a power switch contained in the circuit, and the rapidly-abrupt impact current burns the power switch and a fuse to cause misoperation of a circuit device and serious EMI interference.
Common power-on current-limiting measures of a three-phase diode rectifier circuit: (1) the direct current positive electrode is connected with a current-limiting power resistor or a PTC thermistor in series; (2) three phases of the three-phase alternating current circuit are respectively connected with a current limiting power resistor in series; (3) two phases of the three-phase alternating current circuit are respectively connected with a current limiting power resistor in series. The third measure is a common measure, the power-on time-delay current power resistor plays a role in limiting current, the power-on time-delay current power resistor is cut off by a relay after power-on is finished, and the rectifying circuit enters a normal working state.
Regarding the soft power-on problem of the single-phase or three-phase diode rectifying circuit or the power electronic conversion circuit containing the diode rectifying circuit, a wide attention has been paid, and various soft power-on circuits are proposed, which can realize the level soft power-on, slow voltage rise of the electrolytic capacitor and suppression of the grid side current peak value.
The search of the prior art shows that in the article of motor and control bulletin of Zhang Xiang et al in 2011 and 6, after two traditional soft start circuits are summarized, a 'starting impact current suppression circuit', namely a three-level impact current suppression circuit, is provided, and the circuit can effectively suppress primary impact current and secondary impact current during starting. The utility model discloses a "power conversion equipment" (P2001-238459A) discloses a change simple diode rectifier bridge and be high-end, low side or full-bridge rectifier bridge for the thyristor to make parallelly connected suitable resistance and the diode branch road of thyristor, can realize soft power-on function for this reason, go up the power-on and finish the back thyristor and switch on, the flip angle is zero, plays the diode effect.
The existing soft power-on schemes have a problem, particularly for a three-phase diode rectifying circuit, the total loss of all power-on resistors in the power-on process is not considered, so that a corresponding power-on circuit and a power-on scheme are not established. Due to the serious non-linear problem of the circuit, the total loss of the power-on resistor in the power-on process is very difficult to calculate, so that a soft power-on scheme with the minimum total loss of the power-on resistor in the power-on process does not exist.
In summary, the search and discovery of the existing circuit structure of the soft power-on rectification circuit does not find an application example of the power-on measure when the single-phase network voltage is selected to be zero.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the defect among the prior art, the utility model aims at providing a soft power-on circuit of net pressure zero passage, go up the electricity when selecting single-phase net pressure zero passage, adopt electrolytic capacitor negative pole cluster power resistor and thyristor down to only need on the alternating current circuit use single power resistor and net pressure zero passage alright realize the soft power-on of net pressure zero passage.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a network voltage zero crossing soft power-on circuit comprising: a control circuit and a power circuit; the control circuit is used for judging zero crossing of the network voltage and sending out a starting power-on signal when the network voltage crosses zero, the power circuit is used for receiving the starting power-on signal and completing single-phase network voltage zero crossing soft power-on of a single-phase or three-phase rectification circuit, and the control circuit comprises:
the control circuit includes: seven resistors R1-R7, two capacitors C1 and C2, two voltage-stabilizing tubes ZD1 and ZD2, an operational amplifier U1, an optical coupler OP1, a DSP controller, and two isolation drivers Dr1 and Dr 2;
the power circuit includes: the three-phase rectifier circuit comprises single-phase rectifier bridges D1 to D4 or three-phase rectifier bridges D1 to D6, an electrolytic capacitor C1, an upper resistor TY1, a thyristor TH1, a relay RL1, a diode D7 and a triode Tr 1;
one end of a first resistor R1 of the control circuit is connected with a grid voltage a, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with one end of a first capacitor C1, the anode of a first voltage regulator tube ZD1, the cathode of a second voltage regulator tube ZD2 and the inverting input end of an operational amplifier U1, the other end of a second resistor R2 is connected with one end of a third resistor R3, the other end of the first capacitor C1, the cathode of the first voltage regulator tube ZD1, the anode of a second voltage regulator tube ZD2 and the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with a grid voltage b, the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with one end of a fifth resistor R5 and the primary cathode of an optical coupler OP1, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with one end of a fourth resistor R4, one end of a sixth resistor R6 and one end of a seventh resistor R7, the other end of the fourth resistor R6 is connected with a power supply, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2 and an external interrupt port of the DSP controller, a PWM1 port of the DSP controller is connected to an input end of the first isolation driver Dr1, and a PWM2 port of the DSP controller is connected to an input end of the second isolation driver Dr 2;
a cathode of a first diode D1, a cathode of a third diode D3 and a cathode of a fifth diode D5 of the power circuit are connected together and then connected with an anode of a first electrolytic capacitor C1 to form an output direct current anode, an anode of a second diode D2, an anode of a fourth diode D4 and an anode of a sixth diode D6 are connected together and then connected with a cathode of a first thyristor TH1 and then connected with a secondary end of a first relay RL1 to form an output direct current cathode, and a gate of the first thyristor TH1 is connected with an output end of the first isolation driver Dr1 in the control circuit;
the anode of the first diode D1 and the cathode of the second diode D2 are connected and then connected with the network voltage a;
the anode of the third diode D3 and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 are connected and then connected with the network voltage b;
the anode of the fifth diode D5 and the cathode of the sixth diode D6 are connected and then connected with the network voltage c;
the negative electrode of the first electrolytic capacitor C1 is connected with one end of an upper resistor TY1 and the other end of the secondary side of a first relay RL1, the other end of the upper resistor TY1 is connected with the anode of a first thyristor TH1, one primary end of a first relay RL1 is connected with the cathode of a seventh diode D7 and a power supply, the other primary end of a first relay RL1 is connected with the anode of the seventh diode D7 and the collector of a first triode TR1, the emitter of the first triode TR1 is connected with a control ground, and the base of the first triode TR1 is connected with the output end of the second isolation driver Dr2 in the control circuit.
Preferably, the other ends of the fourth resistor and the sixth resistor are respectively connected with two +3.3V power supplies.
Preferably, one end of the primary side of the first relay RL1 is connected with a +12V power supply.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
the utility model discloses above-mentioned circuit only needs one to go up electric resistance TY1, a thyristor TH1 and a relay and accomplishes the power-on process, and the circuit is simple and control is convenient.
The circuit provided by the utility model, the network voltage zero-crossing starting soft power-on process can minimize the total loss of the power-on resistor, is irrelevant to the resistance value, and is particularly suitable for the application condition with smaller electrolytic capacitor capacitance value.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a waveform diagram of circuit control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals 1-2 in the drawings denote: control circuit 1, power circuit 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The existing soft power-on scheme does not consider the total loss of all power-on resistors in the power-on process, so that a corresponding power-on circuit and a power-on scheme are not established. Due to the serious non-linear problem of the circuit, the total loss of the power-on resistor in the power-on process is very difficult to calculate, so that a soft power-on scheme with the minimum total loss of the power-on resistor in the power-on process does not exist. Therefore, the utility model discloses in the research process, through careful and repeated computer-aided analysis, the discovery is full of the in-process in filtering or energy storage electrolytic capacitor charging, and the total loss of upper electric resistance is different in the different schemes, consequently can this discovery of make full use of, relates to reasonable last electric scheme to power loss on the reduction realizes energy saving and emission reduction purpose. Specifically, (1) when the direct current power supply supplies power, the ratio of the total loss of the power-on resistor to the energy stored by the electrolytic capacitor is the highest and is 100%; (2) in the three-phase alternating current diode rectifying circuit, the upper resistor is arranged at the direct current anode, and the total loss of the upper resistor is high in proportion to the energy stored by the electrolytic capacitor, and is about 92.6%; (3) in the three-phase alternating current diode rectifying circuit, three upper resistors are respectively arranged in a three-phase alternating current circuit, and the total loss of the upper resistors is higher than the energy storage ratio of the electrolytic capacitor, and is about 89.3%; (4) in the three-phase alternating current diode rectifying circuit, two upper resistors are respectively arranged in any two-phase alternating current circuit, and the total loss of the upper resistors is lower than the energy storage ratio of the electrolytic capacitor, and is about 84.1%; (5) in the single-phase alternating current diode rectifying circuit, no matter the upper resistor is positioned on the alternating current side or the direct current side, the proportion of the total loss of the upper resistor relative to the energy storage of the electrolytic capacitor is the lowest, and is about 78.7%. The above ratios are all that the power-on process is started when the grid voltage crosses zero or the phase voltage ua crosses zero, and the obtained result is irrelevant to the resistance value. Furthermore, the utility model discloses the research in-process is still found, goes up the electricity when single-phase net voltage zero passage, and it is minimum to go up the total loss of electric resistance. And when the single-phase network voltage is electrified at the peak value, the total loss of the electrified resistor is the highest. When the electrolytic capacitance value is small, the total loss difference is large. When the value of the electrolytic capacitor is larger, the total loss difference is smaller. According to the research discovery, the utility model discloses take and select single-phase net voltage power-on measure when zero passage, provide a soft power-on circuit of net voltage zero passage, realize power-on energy saving and consumption reduction.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a network voltage zero-crossing soft power-on circuit diagram in an embodiment. The network voltage zero-crossing soft power-on circuit comprises a control circuit 1 and a power circuit 2. The control circuit 1 is used for judging that the network voltage crosses zero and sending out a starting power-on signal when the network voltage crosses zero, and the power circuit 2 is used for receiving the starting power-on signal and completing single-phase network voltage zero-crossing soft power-on of a single-phase or three-phase rectifying circuit, and simultaneously the loss of a power-on resistor is minimized.
Specifically, the control circuit 1 includes: the circuit comprises seven resistors R1-R7, two capacitors C1 and C2, two voltage-stabilizing tubes ZD1 and ZD2, an operational amplifier U1, an optical coupler OP1, a DSP controller and two isolation drivers Dr1 and Dr 2. The power circuit 2 includes: the three-phase rectifier circuit comprises single-phase rectifier bridges D1 to D4 or three-phase rectifier bridges D1 to D6, an electrolytic capacitor C1, an upper resistor TY1, a thyristor TH1, a relay RL1, a diode D7 and a triode Tr 1.
One end of a first resistor R1 of the control circuit 1 is connected with a grid voltage a, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with one end of a first capacitor C1, the anode of a first voltage-regulator tube ZD1, the cathode of a second voltage-regulator tube ZD2 and the inverting input end of an operational amplifier U1, the other end of a second resistor R2 is connected with one end of a third resistor R3, the other end of a first capacitor C1, the cathode of a first voltage-regulator tube ZD1, the anode of a second voltage-regulator tube ZD2 and the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier U1, the other end of a third resistor R3 is connected with a grid voltage b, the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with one end of a fifth resistor R5 and the primary cathode of an optocoupler OP1, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with one end of a fourth resistor R4, one end of a sixth resistor R6 and one end of a seventh resistor R7, the other end of the fourth resistor R365 is connected with a power supply, the other end of a +3.3V 3, and one end of, The external interrupt port of the DSP controller is connected, the PWM1 port of the DSP controller is connected with the input end of a first isolation driver Dr1, and the PWM2 port of the DSP controller is connected with the input end of a second isolation driver DR 2;
the cathode of a first diode D1, the cathode of a third diode D3 and the cathode of a fifth diode D5 of the power circuit 2 are connected together and then connected with the anode of a first electrolytic capacitor C1 to form an output direct current anode, the anode of a second diode D2, the anode of a fourth diode D4 and the anode of a sixth diode D6 are connected together and then connected with the cathode of a first thyristor TH1 and then connected with the secondary end of a first relay RL1 to form an output direct current cathode, and the gate of the first thyristor TH1 is connected with the output end of a first isolation driver Dr1 in the control circuit 1.
The anode of the first diode D1 and the cathode of the second diode D2 are connected and then connected with the network voltage a;
the anode of the third diode D3 and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 are connected with the network voltage b;
the anode of the fifth diode D5 and the cathode of the sixth diode D6 are connected with the network voltage c;
the negative electrode of the first electrolytic capacitor C1 is connected with one end of an upper resistor TY1 and the other end of the secondary side of a first relay RL1, the other end of the upper resistor TY1 is connected with the anode of a first thyristor TH1, one end of the primary side of a first relay RL1 is connected with the cathode of a seventh diode D7 and a +12V power supply, the other end of the primary side of a first relay RL1 is connected with the anode of the seventh diode D7 and the collector of a first triode TR1, the emitter of the first triode TR1 is connected with a control ground, and the base of the first triode TR1 is connected with the output end of a second isolation driver Dr2 in the control circuit 1.
The working principle of the above embodiment is as follows:
resistors R1-R3 in the control circuit 1 are used for voltage division to obtain alternating-current voltage of 3.3V level, a voltage regulator tube ZD1 and ZD2 are used for bidirectional voltage regulation and amplitude limitation, a capacitor C1 eliminates differential mode interference, an operational amplifier U1 works in a comparator state to output square wave voltage, an optical coupler OP1 and peripheral circuits thereof generate isolated square wave voltage and send the isolated square wave voltage to an external fracture of a DSP controller, when a falling edge is detected, the DSP controller executes an interrupt service program to complete the work of a phase-locked loop, a power-on command is output when the positive half cycle or the negative half cycle of the grid phase voltage passes the next time, a gate of a first thyristor TH1 in the power circuit 2 is driven by a first isolation driver Dr1 to start a power-on process, a first electrolytic capacitor C1 starts charging, only the voltage charges the electrolytic capacitor C1, and after a period of time, the first electrolytic capacitor C1 rises to single-phase voltage or the single-phase line voltage amplitude, the DSP controller outputs a power-on completion instruction, and drives the first relay RL1 in the power circuit 2 to act through the second isolation driver Dr2, so as to short-circuit the branch of the power-on resistor TY1 and the branch of the thyristor TH1, thereby completing the power-on process, as shown in fig. 2. For a single-phase rectification circuit, the power-on voltage is naturally a phase voltage, and the power-on starting time is a phase voltage zero crossing point. For a three-phase rectification circuit, the power-on voltage is naturally a phase line voltage, and the power-on starting time is a phase line voltage zero crossing point.
In one embodiment, a set of preferred parameters of each of the above devices is:
an alternating current power supply: 380V +/-15% of a three-phase alternating-current power supply or 220V +/-15% of a single-phase alternating-current power supply;
the diode rectifying circuit transfers power: several kW to several hundred kW as required;
power diodes (D1-D6): 600V for single phase and 1200V for three phase, the current grade forms a single-phase or three-phase diode rectifying circuit according to the magnitude of the transmitted power;
diode (D7): 75V, 200 mA;
electrolytic capacitance (C1): the voltage of 450V is withstand voltage, a parallel-series structure is adopted, and the capacitance value is according to the magnitude of transmitted power;
relay (RL 1): supplying power at +12V, wherein the current level is used for short-circuiting an electrifying resistor TY1 and a thyristor TH1 after the electrifying process according to the transmitted power;
power-up resistance (TY 1): 49-100 omega, the power level is more than dozens of watts, the power is transmitted according to the three-phase diode rectifying circuit, and the three-phase diode rectifying circuit is used for limiting the current in the power-on process;
transistor (TR 1): NPN type, flow resistance 2A;
resistance (R2): 2k omega, used for limiting the current of the gate of the triode;
stabilivolt (ZD1 and ZD 2): 3.0V voltage stabilization.
The above embodiment of the utility model provides an adopt electrolytic capacitor negative pole to go up electric resistance and thyristor in cluster down, have advantages such as the circuit is simple, control is easy, low cost, especially three-phase rectifier circuit's single-phase network voltage zero passage soft power-on process can make to go up the total energy consumption of electric resistance minimum, and energy-conserving effect is most obvious.
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments of the invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A network voltage zero-crossing soft power-on circuit is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: a control circuit and a power circuit; the control circuit is used for judging zero crossing of the network voltage and sending out a starting power-on signal when the network voltage crosses zero, the power circuit is used for receiving the starting power-on signal and completing single-phase network voltage zero crossing soft power-on of a single-phase or three-phase rectification circuit, and the control circuit comprises:
the control circuit includes: seven resistors R1-R7, two capacitors C1 and C2, two voltage-stabilizing tubes ZD1 and ZD2, an operational amplifier U1, an optical coupler OP1, a DSP controller, and two isolation drivers Dr1 and Dr 2;
the power circuit includes: the three-phase rectifier circuit comprises single-phase rectifier bridges D1 to D4 or three-phase rectifier bridges D1 to D6, an electrolytic capacitor C1, an upper resistor TY1, a thyristor TH1, a relay RL1, a diode D7 and a triode Tr 1;
one end of a first resistor R1 of the control circuit is connected with a grid voltage a, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with one end of a first capacitor C1, the anode of a first voltage regulator tube ZD1, the cathode of a second voltage regulator tube ZD2 and the inverting input end of an operational amplifier U1, the other end of a second resistor R2 is connected with one end of a third resistor R3, the other end of the first capacitor C1, the cathode of the first voltage regulator tube ZD1, the anode of a second voltage regulator tube ZD2 and the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with a grid voltage b, the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with one end of a fifth resistor R5 and the primary cathode of an optical coupler OP1, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with one end of a fourth resistor R4, one end of a sixth resistor R6 and one end of a seventh resistor R7, the other end of the fourth resistor R6 is connected with a power supply, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2 and an external interrupt port of the DSP controller, a PWM1 port of the DSP controller is connected to an input end of the first isolation driver Dr1, and a PWM2 port of the DSP controller is connected to an input end of the second isolation driver Dr 2;
a cathode of a first diode D1, a cathode of a third diode D3 and a cathode of a fifth diode D5 of the power circuit are connected together and then connected with an anode of a first electrolytic capacitor C1 to form an output direct current anode, an anode of a second diode D2, an anode of a fourth diode D4 and an anode of a sixth diode D6 are connected together and then connected with a cathode of a first thyristor TH1 and then connected with a secondary end of a first relay RL1 to form an output direct current cathode, and a gate of the first thyristor TH1 is connected with an output end of the first isolation driver Dr1 in the control circuit;
the anode of the first diode D1 and the cathode of the second diode D2 are connected and then connected with the network voltage a;
the anode of the third diode D3 and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 are connected and then connected with the network voltage b;
the anode of the fifth diode D5 and the cathode of the sixth diode D6 are connected and then connected with the network voltage c;
the negative electrode of the first electrolytic capacitor C1 is connected with one end of an upper resistor TY1 and the other end of the secondary side of a first relay RL1, the other end of the upper resistor TY1 is connected with the anode of a first thyristor TH1, one primary end of a first relay RL1 is connected with the cathode of a seventh diode D7 and a power supply, the other primary end of a first relay RL1 is connected with the anode of the seventh diode D7 and the collector of a first triode TR1, the emitter of the first triode TR1 is connected with a control ground, and the base of the first triode TR1 is connected with the output end of the second isolation driver Dr2 in the control circuit.
2. The network voltage zero-crossing soft power-on circuit according to claim 1, wherein: and the other ends of the fourth resistor and the sixth resistor are respectively connected with two +3.3V power supplies.
3. The network voltage zero-crossing soft power-on circuit according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the primary of the first relay RL1 is connected with a +12V power supply.
CN201922062185.XU 2019-11-23 2019-11-23 Network voltage zero-crossing soft power-on circuit Expired - Fee Related CN210745013U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201922062185.XU CN210745013U (en) 2019-11-23 2019-11-23 Network voltage zero-crossing soft power-on circuit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201922062185.XU CN210745013U (en) 2019-11-23 2019-11-23 Network voltage zero-crossing soft power-on circuit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN210745013U true CN210745013U (en) 2020-06-12

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