CN210720886U - Apparatus and system for augmented reality display - Google Patents
Apparatus and system for augmented reality display Download PDFInfo
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- CN210720886U CN210720886U CN201921988742.4U CN201921988742U CN210720886U CN 210720886 U CN210720886 U CN 210720886U CN 201921988742 U CN201921988742 U CN 201921988742U CN 210720886 U CN210720886 U CN 210720886U
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an image display technology, and more particularly, to a device for augmented reality display and a system for augmented reality display including the same. An apparatus for augmented reality display includes: an optical waveguide lens; the first optical function structure, the second optical function structure and the third optical function structure are arranged on the surface of the optical waveguide lens, the second optical function structure is positioned between the first optical function structure and the third optical function structure, light rays incident to the first optical function structure form a first light beam and a second light beam under the action of the first optical function structure, the first light beam and the second light beam are transmitted to the second optical function structure in a total reflection mode in the optical waveguide lens, and under the action of the second optical function structure, the first light beam and the second light beam are transmitted to the third optical function structure in a total reflection mode in the optical waveguide lens and are fused by the third optical function structure to be emitted.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an image display technology, and more particularly, to a device for augmented reality display and a system for augmented reality display including the same.
Background
Augmented Reality (AR) technology is a new type of display technology that integrates real world information and virtual world information "seamlessly". The method not only displays the information of the real world, but also displays the virtual information at the same time, thereby realizing the mutual supplement and superposition of the two kinds of information. In visual augmented reality, a blended image of the real world superimposed with a computer-generated virtual image is presented to a user using a head-mounted display.
Most of the current mainstream near-eye augmented reality display devices adopt the optical waveguide principle. For example, in a typical augmented reality display device, an image on a microdisplay spatial light modulator (e.g., LCOS) is coupled into an optical waveguide through three holographic gratings, then transmitted through three optical waveguides, respectively, and finally coupled out through corresponding holographic gratings right in front of the human eye for projection to the human eye. In order to realize color projection, a multilayer optical waveguide mode can be adopted. However, there are a number of disadvantages to augmented reality display devices based on the above principles of operation. For example, the efficiency is unbalanced in the field of view, which causes the brightness of the display, thereby affecting the experience effect.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a device for augmented reality shows, it has advantages such as the within range light extension efficiency equilibrium of exit pupil is good and simple structure.
According to the utility model discloses a device for augmented reality shows of aspect contains:
an optical waveguide lens; and
a first optical function structure, a second optical function structure and a third optical function structure which are arranged on the surface of the optical waveguide lens,
wherein the second optically functional structure is located between the first optically functional structure and the third optically functional structure,
the light beam entering the first optical function structure forms a first light beam and a second light beam under the action of the first optical function structure, wherein the first light beam is transmitted to the second optical function structure in a total reflection mode in the optical waveguide lens, the second light beam is transmitted to the second optical function structure in a total reflection mode in the optical waveguide lens, and under the action of the second optical function structure, the first light beam and the second light beam are transmitted to the third optical function structure in a total reflection mode in the optical waveguide lens and are fused by the third optical function structure to be emitted.
Preferably, in the above apparatus, the propagation paths of the first and second light beams within the optical waveguide lens have symmetry with respect to a reference axis, the reference axis being perpendicular to a horizontal axis of the apparatus.
Preferably, in the above apparatus, the first optical function structure, the second optical function structure, and the third optical function structure are disposed on the optical waveguide lens surface symmetrically with respect to the reference axis, and the second optical function structure is located between the first optical function structure and the third optical function structure.
Preferably, in the above apparatus, the first and third optical function structures are two-dimensional gratings, and the second optical function structure is a one-dimensional grating configured to cause the first and second light beams to enter the third optical function structure at incident angles symmetrical with respect to the reference axis.
Preferably, in the above apparatus, the first optical function structure, the second optical function structure and the third optical function structure are symmetrically disposed on the optical waveguide lens surface with respect to the reference axis, the second optical function structure includes a first substructure and a second substructure symmetrically located between the first optical function structure and the third optical function structure, and the first light beam and the second light beam propagate to the first substructure and the second substructure, respectively.
Preferably, in the above apparatus, the first and third optical functional structures are two-dimensional gratings, and the first and second sub-structures are one-dimensional gratings configured to cause the first and second light beams to enter the third optical functional structure at incident angles symmetrical with respect to the reference axis.
Preferably, in the above device, the first optical function structure, the second optical function structure and the third optical function structure are located on the same surface of the optical waveguide lens.
Preferably, in the above apparatus, the one-dimensional grating is one of: tilted gratings, rectangular gratings, blazed gratings, and bulk gratings. It is still another object of the present invention to provide a system for implementing augmented reality display that has advantages such as good and simple structure of the light expansion efficiency equilibrium within the exit pupil range.
Preferably, in the above device, a sum of phases of the first optical function, the second optical function structure, and the third optical function structure is zero to satisfy phase matching.
Preferably, in the above device, the two-dimensional gratings used as the first optical function structure and the third optical function structure have the same structural parameters.
Preferably, in the above device, the period of the two-dimensional grating is in the range of 300 to 600 nm.
Preferably, in the above device, the period of the one-dimensional grating serving as the second optical function structure is set to √ 2/2 times the grating period of the first optical function structure.
According to the utility model discloses a system for realizing augmented reality shows of another aspect contains:
an image source configured to provide light containing image information; and
an image rendering device comprising:
an optical waveguide lens; and
a first optical function structure, a second optical function structure and a third optical function structure which are arranged on the surface of the optical waveguide lens,
wherein the second optically functional structure is located between the first optically functional structure and the third optically functional structure,
wherein, the incident light from the image source forms a first light beam and a second light beam under the action of the first optical function structure, wherein the first light beam is transmitted to the second optical function structure in a total reflection way in the optical waveguide lens, the second light beam is transmitted to the second optical function structure in a total reflection way in the optical waveguide lens, and under the action of the second optical function structure, the first light beam and the second light beam are transmitted to the third optical function structure in a total reflection way in the optical waveguide lens and are fused by the third optical function structure to be emitted,
wherein propagation paths of the first and second optical beams within the optical waveguide lens are set to have symmetry.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the light beam entering the image display device is split into the first light beam and the second light beam, and the propagation paths of the first light beam and the second light beam before reaching the outcoupling element have symmetry, whereby the symmetrical expansion of the field range can be realized, thereby providing good balance. Further, the image presenting apparatus according to the above-described embodiments of the present invention is simple and compact in structure, which is advantageous for reduction in the overall size of the apparatus.
Drawings
Fig. 1A and 1B are a top view and a perspective view, respectively, of an apparatus for presenting an image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2A and 2B are a top view and a perspective view, respectively, of an apparatus for presenting an image according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3A is a schematic view of an effective visible region of the apparatus for augmented reality display according to the embodiment shown in fig. 1A and 1B, and fig. 3B is a schematic view of an effective visible region of the apparatus for augmented reality display according to the embodiment shown in fig. 2A and 2B.
Fig. 4A-4C illustrate examples of one-dimensional gratings that may be applied to the embodiments shown in fig. 1A and 1B and fig. 2A and 2B.
Fig. 5 shows an example of a two-dimensional grating that can be applied to the embodiments shown in fig. 1A and 1B and fig. 2A and 2B.
Fig. 6 shows a graph of the incident angle of blue light and the transmission efficiency in the device for augmented reality display shown in fig. 1A and 1B and fig. 2A and 2B.
Fig. 7 shows a graph of the incident angle of green light with respect to the transmission efficiency in the device for augmented reality display shown in fig. 1A and 1B and fig. 2A and 2B.
Fig. 8 shows a graph of the incident angle of red light and the transmission efficiency in the device for augmented reality display shown in fig. 1A and 1B and fig. 2A and 2B.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a system for implementing an augmented reality display according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown. The present invention may, however, be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The embodiments described above are intended to provide a full and complete disclosure of the present invention to convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art more fully.
In the present description, words such as "comprise" and "comprising" mean that, in addition to elements and steps which are directly and unequivocally stated in the description and the claims, the technical solution of the present invention does not exclude the case of other elements and steps which are not directly or unequivocally stated.
Terms such as "first" and "second" do not denote an order of the elements in time, space, size, etc., but rather are used to distinguish one element from another.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the light entering the image display device is split into the first light beam and the second light beam, and the propagation paths of the first and second light beams before reaching the outcoupling element have symmetry, whereby the symmetrical expansion of the field range can be realized, thereby providing good balance. In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the propagation paths of the first light beam and the second light beam within the image display device have symmetry with respect to a reference axis that is perpendicular to a horizontal axis of the image display device (e.g., for a waveguide lens, the horizontal axis is an axis in the left-right direction).
Fig. 1A and 1B are a top view and a perspective view, respectively, of an apparatus for presenting an image according to an embodiment of the present invention. Illustratively, the apparatus for augmented reality display of the present embodiment may take the form of a spectacle lens.
Referring to fig. 1A and 1B, the device 10 for augmented reality display of the present embodiment includes an optical waveguide lens 110, and a first optical function structure 121, a second optical function structure 122, and a third optical function structure 123 disposed on a surface of the optical waveguide lens. In fig. 1A and 1B, the coordinate axis X axis is parallel to the horizontal axis of the device or the field of view, the coordinate axis Y axis is parallel to the thickness direction of the optical waveguide lens, and the coordinate axis Z axis is perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the device or the field of view.
Optionally, the first optical functional structure 121, the second optical functional structure 122 and the third optical functional structure 123 are nano-structures to diffract incident light. Further, optionally, these optical functional structures are located on the same surface of the optical waveguide lens 110 or on different surfaces of the optical waveguide lens 110.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1A and 1B, the first optical functional structure 121 is arranged in the center of the upper area of the optical waveguide lens surface, which is configured to couple an incoming light ray a into the optical waveguide lens 110 and may therefore also be referred to as a coupling-in area. The incident light enters the first optical function structure 121 at an incident angle, and forms a first light beam and a second light beam by diffraction of the first optical function structure 121. In the present embodiment, the light ray a incident on the first optical function structure 121 may be a single wavelength light ray, or may include a plurality of wavelength bands (e.g., a red light component, a blue light component, and a green light component). For the multi-band case, the first and second light beams can be formed to have the same wavelength band or spectrum by suitable optical design of the first optical functional structure 121 (e.g., the first optical functional structure is designed in the form of a two-dimensional grating).
Referring to fig. 1B, the first and second light beams travel within the optical waveguide lens 110 along first and second paths a21 and a22, respectively. By means of a suitable design of the first optical function structure 121, the incident light can be diffracted by the first optical function structure 121 to form a first light beam and a second light beam, the propagation paths of which are symmetrical with respect to a reference axis (for example, an axis T perpendicular to the coordinate axis X in the X-Z plane in fig. 1A). Further, by making the light incident on the optical waveguide lens at an appropriate angle, the first light beam and the second light beam can propagate by total reflection.
Note that, in the present embodiment, when the light ray a is a light ray of a single wavelength, the first light beam and the second light beam will propagate in directions symmetrical with respect to the reference axis; for the multi-band case, light components having the same wavelength in the first and second light beams will propagate in directions that are symmetrical with respect to the reference axis. In the present specification, the expression that the propagation path is symmetrical or similar with respect to the reference axis is understood to encompass both cases.
With continued reference to fig. 1A and 1B, the second optical function structure 122 and the third optical function structure 123 are disposed on the middle region and the lower region of the surface of the optical waveguide lens 110, respectively, that is, the second optical function structure 122 is located between the first optical function structure 121 and the third optical function structure 123.
As shown in fig. 1B, the first light beam and the second light beam travel in the optical waveguide lens 110 on paths a21, a22 that are symmetrical with respect to the reference axis T, and reach the second optical function structure 122 through total reflection. By means of a suitable design of the second optical function 122, the first and second light beams can propagate by total reflection within the optical waveguide lens 110 to the third optical function 123, under the action of diffraction by the second optical function 122, continuing along two paths B21, B22 that are symmetrical with respect to the reference axis T. Since the second optically functional structure 122 changes the propagation direction of the first and second light beams, it may also be referred to as a turning region.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1A and 1B, the third optical function structure 123 is configured to cause the first light beam and the second light beam to be merged and then exit from the optical waveguide lens 110 along the Y-axis, so as to present an image of augmented reality to a user, and therefore the third optical function structure 123 may also be referred to as an out-coupling area.
It is to be noted that the positions of the first to third optical functional structures on the optical waveguide lens shown in fig. 1A and 1B are merely exemplary. In fact, other configurations and arrangements are possible that allow for symmetric spreading of the incident light. Fig. 2A and 2B are a top view and a perspective view, respectively, of an apparatus for presenting an image according to another embodiment of the present invention. Illustratively, the apparatus for augmented reality display of the present embodiment may take the form of a spectacle lens.
Referring to fig. 2A and 2B, the apparatus 20 for augmented reality display of the present embodiment includes an optical waveguide lens 210 and a first optical function structure 221, a second optical function structure 222, and a third optical function structure 223 disposed on a surface of the optical waveguide lens. In fig. 2A and 2B, the coordinate axis X axis is parallel to the horizontal axis of the device or the field of view, the coordinate axis Y axis is parallel to the thickness direction of the optical waveguide lens, and the coordinate axis Z axis is perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the device or the field of view.
Optionally, the first optical functional structure 221, the second optical functional structure 222 and the third optical functional structure 223 are nano-structures to diffract incident light. Further, optionally, these optical functional structures are located on the same surface of the optical waveguide lens 210 or on different surfaces of the optical waveguide lens 210.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2A and 2B, a first optical functional structure or coupling-in area 221 is provided in the center of the upper area of the optical waveguide lens surface, which is configured to couple an incident light ray a' into the optical waveguide lens 210. An incident light enters the first optical function structure 221 at an incident angle, and forms a first light beam and a second light beam by diffraction action of the first optical function structure 221, wherein the first light beam and the second light beam propagate in the optical waveguide lens 210 along a first path a21 'and a second path a22', respectively. By means of a suitable design of the first optical function structure 221, the incident light can be diffracted by the first optical function structure 221 to form a first light beam and a second light beam, the propagation paths of which are symmetrical with respect to a reference axis (e.g., an axis T' perpendicular to the coordinate axis X in the X-Z plane in fig. 2A). Further, by making the light incident on the optical waveguide lens at an appropriate angle, the first light beam and the second light beam can propagate by total reflection.
With continued reference to fig. 2A and 2B, the second optical function structure 122 and the third optical function structure 223 are disposed on the middle region and the lower region of the surface of the optical waveguide lens 210, respectively, that is, the second optical function structure 222 is located between the first optical function structure 221 and the third optical function structure 223. However, unlike the embodiment shown in fig. 1A and 1B, the second optically functional structure 222 includes a first sub-structure 222A and a second sub-structure 222B that are separated, wherein the first sub-structure 222A is disposed at the lower left of the first optically functional structure 221, and the second sub-structure 222B is disposed at the lower right of the first optically functional structure 221.
As shown in fig. 2B, the first and second light beams propagate in the optical waveguide lens 210 in paths a21', a22' symmetrical with respect to the reference axis T ', and reach the first and second sub-structures 222A and 222B, respectively, via total reflection. By means of a suitable design of the first substructure 222A and the second substructure 222B, the first light beam and the second light beam can be caused to propagate by total reflection within the optical waveguide mirror 210 to the third optically functional structure 223 by diffraction by the first substructure 222A and the second substructure 222B, continuing along two paths B21', B22' symmetrical with respect to the reference axis T '. Likewise, the second optically functional structure 222 may also be referred to as a turning region.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2A and 2B, the third optical function 223 or coupling-out region is configured to cause the first and second light beams to merge and exit the optical waveguide lens 210 along the Y-axis, thereby presenting an augmented reality image to the user.
In this embodiment, the light a' incident on the first optical function structure 221 may also be a single wavelength light, or may include multiple wavelength bands (e.g., a red light component, a blue light component, and a green light component). For the multi-band case, the first and second light beams formed can have the same wavelength band or spectrum by appropriate optical design of the first optical functional structure 221 (e.g., the first optical functional structure is designed in the form of a two-dimensional grating), and the symmetrical or similar expression of the propagation path with respect to the reference axis should also be understood to include the single wavelength and the multi-band case.
Fig. 3A is a schematic view of an effective visible region of the apparatus for augmented reality display according to the embodiment shown in fig. 1A and 1B, and fig. 3B is a schematic view of an effective visible region of the apparatus for augmented reality display according to the embodiment shown in fig. 2A and 2B. In fig. 3A and 3B, the grid-like area within the range enclosed by the dotted line represents the size of the effective viewable area provided by the device. By comparison, the embodiment shown in fig. 2A and 2B provides a larger effective viewing area, which reduces the loss of diffraction energy from the grating.
In the apparatus for augmented reality display shown in fig. 1A and 1B and fig. 2A and 2B, the problem of efficiency non-uniformity across the field of view is overcome. Specifically, the propagation paths of the first light beam and the second light beam are symmetrical with respect to a reference axis (for example, an axis T perpendicular to a coordinate axis X in fig. 1A and 2A) to make the propagation paths of the first light beam and the second light beam in the optical waveguide lens symmetrical, so that the symmetric field expansion is realized, the defect of the one-way field expansion is made up, and the problems of the unbalance of diffraction efficiency, the chromatic aberration and the like in the field range are solved.
In the apparatus for augmented reality display shown in fig. 1A and 1B and fig. 2A and 2B, illustratively, the first optical functional structure 121, 221 and the third optical functional structure 123, 223 are implemented in the form of a two-dimensional grating, and the second optical functional structure 122, 222 (the first substructure 222A, the second substructure 222B) is implemented in the form of a one-dimensional grating. Alternatively, the one-dimensional grating may be selected from one or more of the following groups: tilted gratings, rectangular gratings, blazed gratings, and bulk gratings.
Fig. 4A-4C show examples of one-dimensional gratings that can be applied to the embodiments shown in fig. 1A and 1B and fig. 2A and 2B, where fig. 4A shows an optical diffraction diagram of a rectangular grating, fig. 4B shows an optical diffraction diagram of a tilted grating, and fig. 4C shows an optical diffraction diagram of a blazed grating.
In an example, the orientation of the one-dimensional grating is dependent on the orientation of the two-dimensional grating array used as the first optically functional structure, and the period is dependent on the period of the two-dimensional grating array of the first and third optically functional structures. Optionally, the total sum of the phases of the first to third optical functional structures is zero to satisfy the phase matching.
Referring to fig. 4A, a rectangular grating 421A is formed on the surface of the optical waveguide lens 410, and the height, width, period, and other structural parameters of the grating are selected such that light incident on the surface of the grating at a certain angle is diffracted by the rectangular grating. The diffracted light includes zero-order diffracted light T0-1 st order diffraction light T-1And 1 st order diffracted light T1. In the case shown in FIG. 4A, the 0 th order diffraction efficiency is the highest, the-1 st order diffraction is the lowest, and the 1 st order diffraction efficiency is the lowest. Alternatively, the rectangular grating 421A shown in FIG. 4A can be used to form the-1 st order diffracted light, which then completes its propagation in the optical waveguide lens 410.
Referring to fig. 4B, the tilted grating 421B is formed on the surface of the optical waveguide lens 410, and the grating is made to be incident to the grating table at a certain angle by selecting the height, width, period and tilt angle of the gratingThe light of the surface is diffracted by the inclined grating. Similarly, the diffracted light includes zero-order diffracted light T0-1 st order diffraction light T-1And 1 st order diffracted light T1. In the case shown in FIG. 4B, the-1 st order diffraction efficiency is the highest, and the 1 st order diffraction efficiency is the lowest. Alternatively, the-1 st order diffracted light can be formed by using the tilted grating shown in FIG. 4B, and then its propagation within the optical waveguide lens 410 is completed. In addition, by optimizing one or more of the structural parameters such as the height, width, period, and tilt angle of the grating, a wavelength selection function can be realized, that is, the diffraction efficiency of light in a certain wavelength range can be made high, while the diffraction efficiency of light in the remaining wavelength ranges is made low.
Referring to fig. 4C, a blazed grating 421C is formed on the surface of the optical waveguide lens 410, and the blazed grating is used to diffract the light incident on the grating surface at a certain angle by selecting the structural parameters such as the grating height, the period, and the blazed angle. Similarly, the diffracted light includes zero-order diffracted light T0-1 st order diffraction light T-1And 1 st order diffracted light T1. In the case shown in fig. 4C, the-1 st order diffraction efficiency is the highest, and the zeroth order diffraction and the 1 st order diffraction efficiency are the lowest. Alternatively, the-1 st order diffracted light can be formed by using the tilted grating shown in FIG. 4C, and then its propagation within the optical waveguide lens 410 is completed. In addition, the wavelength selection function can be realized by optimizing one or more of the structural parameters such as the height, the period and the blaze angle of the grating.
Fig. 5 shows an example of a two-dimensional grating that can be applied to the embodiments shown in fig. 1A and 1B and fig. 2A and 2B. As shown in fig. 5, the two-dimensional grating is a two-dimensional array. Taking the case of the first optical functional structure as an example, the incident light is incident on the first optical functional structure at a certain angle, and by designing parameters such as the orientation angle and the period of the two-dimensional array, bidirectional angle diffraction can be realized, and two diffracted lights are transmitted to the second optical functional structure 122 or transmitted to the first substructure 222A and the second substructure 222B, respectively.
Preferably, the two-dimensional gratings used as the first and third optically functional structures have the same structural parameters (e.g. the duty cycle, period and orientation of the gratings are all the same). Particularly, the period of the two-dimensional grating is in the range of 300-600 nm.
In the apparatus for presenting an image shown in fig. 2A, it is assumed that the grating phase of the first optical functional structure is Φ1With a period of d1The grating phase of the second optical function structure is phi2With a period of d2The grating phase of the third optical function structure is phi3With a period of d3In order to ensure the direction of the emergent light is consistent with that of the incident light, the total phase sum of the first to third optical functional structures needs to be zero to satisfy the phase matching, that is, the total phase sum is zero
According to the phase equation:
where d is the grating period, λ is the wavelength of the incident light, n is the refractive index of the optical waveguide lens 210, and θ is the diffraction angle of the incident light. From phi2To obtain
That is, the period of the one-dimensional grating serving as the second optical function structure is set to √ 2/2 times the grating period of the first optical function structure.
Fig. 6 shows a relationship curve of an incident angle of blue light to a transmission efficiency in the device for augmented reality display shown in fig. 1A and 1B and fig. 2A and 2B, in which a vertical axis represents the transmission efficiency and a horizontal axis represents the incident angle, the device employs a grating period of 420nm, a height of 250nm, a duty ratio of 0.3, and an incident angle satisfying total reflection propagation of the waveguide lens is-6.6 ° to 20 ° at an incident wavelength of 450 nm. As can be seen from fig. 6, by symmetrizing the propagation path of the light beam, the insufficient expansion of the one-way field of view is effectively made up, and the balance of the diffraction efficiency of the blue light in the exit pupil range is improved.
Fig. 7 shows a relationship curve of an incident angle of green light to a transmission efficiency in the device for augmented reality display shown in fig. 1A and 1B and fig. 2A and 2B, in which the vertical axis represents a projection efficiency and the horizontal axis represents an incident angle, the device employs a grating period of 420nm, a height of 250nm, a duty ratio of 0.3, and an incident angle satisfying total reflection propagation of the waveguide lens is-12.6 ° to 13.8 ° at an incident wavelength of 520 nm. As can be seen from fig. 7, by making the propagation path of the light beam symmetric, the insufficient expansion of the one-way field of view is effectively made up, thereby improving the balance of the diffraction efficiency of the green light within the exit pupil range.
Fig. 8 shows a relationship curve of an incident angle of red light and a transmission efficiency in the device for augmented reality display shown in fig. 1A and 1B and fig. 2A and 2B, in which a vertical axis represents a projection efficiency and a horizontal axis represents an incident angle, a grating period adopted by the device is 420nm, a height is 250nm, a duty ratio is 0.3, and an incident angle satisfying total reflection propagation of the waveguide lens is-20.1 ° to 6.5 ° at an incident wavelength of 620 nm. As can be seen from fig. 8, by making the light beam propagation path symmetrical, the insufficient one-way field expansion is effectively made up, thereby improving the balance of the diffraction efficiency of the red light within the exit pupil range.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a system for implementing an augmented reality display according to another embodiment of the present invention.
The system 1 as shown in fig. 9 includes image rendering devices 10A and 10B and an image source 20. The image source 20 is configured to provide light containing image information to the image rendering devices 10A and 10B. In this embodiment, the light from the image source 20 may be a single wavelength light, or may include multiple wavelength bands (e.g., a red light component, a blue light component, and a green light component). The image presentation devices 10A and 10B are configured to present an augmented reality image to a user. In the present embodiment, the image presentation apparatuses 10A and 10B can be realized by employing the embodiments described above with reference to fig. 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 4A to 4C, and 5, for example.
Referring to fig. 9, the system 1 for implementing augmented reality display further includes a connecting part 10C that connects the image presentation devices 10A and 10B together.
The foregoing has described the principles and preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the invention should not be construed as being limited to the particular embodiments discussed. The preferred embodiments described above should be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and it should be understood that variations may be made in those embodiments by workers skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims (24)
1. An apparatus for presenting an image, comprising:
an optical waveguide lens; and
a first optical function structure, a second optical function structure and a third optical function structure which are arranged on the surface of the optical waveguide lens,
wherein the second optically functional structure is located between the first optically functional structure and the third optically functional structure,
the light beam entering the first optical function structure forms a first light beam and a second light beam under the action of the first optical function structure, wherein the first light beam is transmitted to the second optical function structure in a total reflection mode in the optical waveguide lens, the second light beam is transmitted to the second optical function structure in a total reflection mode in the optical waveguide lens, and under the action of the second optical function structure, the first light beam and the second light beam are transmitted to the third optical function structure in a total reflection mode in the optical waveguide lens and are fused by the third optical function structure to be emitted.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein propagation paths of the first and second optical beams within the optical waveguide lens have symmetry with respect to a reference axis, the reference axis being perpendicular to a horizontal axis of the apparatus.
3. The device of claim 2, wherein the first, second, and third optical functional structures are symmetrically disposed on the optical waveguide lens surface with respect to the reference axis, and the second optical functional structure is located between the first and third optical functional structures.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first and third optically functional structures are two-dimensional gratings and the second optically functional structure is a one-dimensional grating configured to cause the first and second light beams to enter the third optically functional structure at angles of incidence that are symmetric with respect to the reference axis.
5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first, second and third optically functional structures are symmetrically disposed on the optical waveguide lens surface with respect to the reference axis, the second optically functional structure comprising first and second substructures symmetrically located between the first and third optically functional structures, the first and second light beams propagating to the first and second substructures, respectively.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the first and third optically functional structures are two-dimensional gratings and the first and second sub-structures are one-dimensional gratings configured to cause the first and second beams to enter the third optically functional structure at angles of incidence that are symmetric with respect to the reference axis.
7. The device of claim 1, wherein the first, second and third optically functional structures are located on the same surface of the optical waveguide lens.
8. The apparatus of claim 4 or 6, wherein the one-dimensional grating is one of: tilted gratings, rectangular gratings, blazed gratings, and bulk gratings.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sum of the phases of the first, second and third optical functional structures is zero to satisfy phase matching.
10. The device according to claim 4 or 6, wherein the two-dimensional gratings used as the first and third optically functional structures have the same structural parameters.
11. The device of claim 10, wherein the period of the two-dimensional grating is in the range of 300-600 nm.
12. The device according to claim 4 or 6, wherein a period of the one-dimensional grating serving as the second optical function structure is set to √ 2/2 times as a grating period of the first optical function structure.
13. A system for implementing an augmented reality display, comprising:
an image source configured to provide light containing image information; and
an image rendering device comprising:
an optical waveguide lens; and
a first optical function structure, a second optical function structure and a third optical function structure which are arranged on the surface of the optical waveguide lens,
wherein the second optically functional structure is located between the first optically functional structure and the third optically functional structure,
the first light beam is transmitted to the second optical function structure in a total reflection mode in the optical waveguide lens, the second light beam is transmitted to the second optical function structure in a total reflection mode in the optical waveguide lens, and under the action of the second optical function structure, the first light beam and the second light beam are transmitted to the third optical function structure in a total reflection mode in the optical waveguide lens and are fused by the third optical function structure to be emitted.
14. The system of claim 13, wherein the propagation paths of the first and second optical beams within the optical waveguide lens have symmetry with respect to a reference axis, the reference axis being perpendicular to a horizontal axis of the device.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein the first, second, and third optical functional structures are symmetrically disposed on the optical waveguide lens surface with respect to the reference axis, and the second optical functional structure is located between the first and third optical functional structures.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein the first and third optically functional structures are two-dimensional gratings and the second optically functional structure is a one-dimensional grating configured to cause the first and second light beams to enter the third optically functional structure at angles of incidence that are symmetric with respect to the reference axis.
17. The system of claim 14, wherein the first, second, and third optically functional structures are symmetrically disposed on the optical waveguide lens surface relative to the reference axis, the second optically functional structure comprising first and second substructures symmetrically positioned between the first and third optically functional structures, the first and second beams of light propagating to the first and second substructures, respectively.
18. The system of claim 17, wherein the first and third optically functional structures are two-dimensional gratings and the first and second sub-structures are one-dimensional gratings configured to cause the first and second beams to enter the third optically functional structure at angles of incidence that are symmetric with respect to the reference axis.
19. The system of claim 13, wherein the first, second, and third optical functional structures are located on the same surface of the optical waveguide lens.
20. The system of claim 16 or 18, wherein the one-dimensional grating is one of: tilted gratings, rectangular gratings, blazed gratings, and bulk gratings.
21. The system of claim 13, wherein the sum of the phases of the first optical function, the second optical function, and the third optical function is zero to satisfy the phase matching.
22. The system of claim 16 or 18, wherein the two-dimensional gratings used as the first and third optically functional structures have the same structural parameters.
23. The system of claim 22, wherein the period of the two-dimensional grating is in the range of 300-600 nm.
24. The system according to claim 16 or 18, wherein a period of the one-dimensional grating used as the second optical function structure is set to v 2/2 times a grating period of the first optical function structure.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021098503A1 (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-05-27 | 苏州苏大维格科技集团股份有限公司 | Apparatus and system for augmented reality display |
| WO2021253385A1 (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-12-23 | 深圳市光舟半导体技术有限公司 | Optical device, display apparatus, and light-outputting and image-displaying method thereof |
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2019
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021098503A1 (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-05-27 | 苏州苏大维格科技集团股份有限公司 | Apparatus and system for augmented reality display |
| WO2021253385A1 (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-12-23 | 深圳市光舟半导体技术有限公司 | Optical device, display apparatus, and light-outputting and image-displaying method thereof |
| EP4170412A4 (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2023-08-16 | Shenzhen Optiark Semiconductor Technologies Limited | Optical device, display apparatus, and light-outputting and image-displaying method thereof |
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