CN210720780U - Integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and meteorological monitoring equipment - Google Patents
Integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and meteorological monitoring equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a multi-functional atmospheric pollution of integrated form and meteorological monitoring equipment belongs to the environmental monitoring equipment field. It is including the shell that is provided with the air inlet, set up in the integrated mainboard of the inside PCB control of shell, high-efficient aerosol particulate filter and aspiration pump, it has six parameter detecting element of air quality and six element detecting element of meteorology to integrate on the integrated mainboard of PCB control, the utility model discloses can monitor 12 kinds of indexes more than simultaneously, can also realize the continuous observation to trace gas and aerosol mass concentration, have simple structure, reasonable in design, the advantage of easily making.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the environmental monitoring equipment device field, especially a multi-functional atmospheric pollution of integrated form and meteorological monitoring equipment.
Background
At present, the atmospheric pollution condition is increasingly serious and complex, and then a new challenge is provided for the traditional atmospheric pollution source monitoring mode. The environmental air monitoring work in China starts in the 70 th 20 th century, the initial stage of the start is manual monitoring, and the types of monitored pollutants are only limited to total suspended particulate matters, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. In the middle and later 80 s of the 20 th century, the automatic monitoring technology of the environmental air quality is gradually developed in China. Up to now, the national environmental air quality monitoring network of 661 monitoring points including 113 environmental protection key cities has been formed in China, and the monitoring items have fully covered six parameters of air quality monitoring: inhalable Particulate Matter (PM)2.5、PM10) Ozone and SO2、CO、NO2。
The air quality measurement system is formed by applying an advanced automatic air measurement monitoring instrument, mainly aims at the air quality condition to acquire and analyze information, provides a reference basis for air quality report, and is beneficial to more effectively improving the air quality monitoring level in China. The air quality monitoring system comprises a central computer, a quality assurance laboratory, a monitoring substation and other parts, basically realizes automatic acquisition, automatic analysis and processing of air quality data, and more intuitively shows the air quality condition of a certain area. The method has strong practicability, is very necessary for strengthening the research of the air quality monitoring system in western developed countries by adopting the air quality monitoring system, and has certain reference value for the development of subsequent theoretical research and practical work.
However, the currently implemented ambient air monitoring system has a limited number of monitoring points, and is expensive, and many point-type air quality monitors use a point-by-point monitoring method. The system is common, but in practical application, the timeliness of the method is insufficient, the goal of fine control cannot be achieved, and deep mining of the capabilities of space-time dynamic trend analysis, pollution emission reduction evaluation, pollution source tracking, environmental early warning and forecasting and the like in a monitoring system cannot be achieved. In addition to point-type air quality monitors, open air quality monitoring systems are also in use today. The open air quality monitoring system mainly adopts line sampling, and the method has obvious difference compared with an electric point type quality monitoring system, is favorable for displaying the air quality characterization more intuitively and comprehensively, and is also favorable for SO2、NO2、O3Several parameters were measured. The method has the characteristics of outstanding high resolution and high sensitivity, the measurement result is more representative, and the operation cost is lower. But also, the system has higher requirements on the measurement environment, and the measurement results can be influenced by the monitoring environment with more air suspended matters and the external wind speed, wind power and rainwater.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a compact micro ambient air monitoring system with low cost and multi-parameter integration, which can realize high-density gridding layout, realize full coverage in the area, realize atmospheric pollution monitoring with high space-time resolution, realize functions of pollution source tracking, early warning and forecasting and the like by combining with the application of informationized big data, and provide more timely and effective decision support for environmental pollution prevention and control.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
To the above problem, the utility model provides a multi-functional atmospheric pollution of integrated form and meteorological monitoring equipment can resist external environment's interference effectively, guarantees the accuracy of monitoring.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts as follows:
an integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and meteorological monitoring device comprises a shell, a PCB control integrated main board, a high-efficiency aerosol particulate filter and an air pump, wherein the shell is provided with an air inlet, and an air quality six-parameter detection unit and a meteorological six-element detection unit are integrated on the PCB control integrated main board 8;
the air quality six-parameter detection unit comprises a light scattering PM arranged in a shell2.5、PM10Mass concentration detection unit and ozone and SO2、CO、NO2A concentration detection unit; the air inlet and the light scattering PM2.5、PM10Mass concentration detection unit, ozone, high-efficiency aerosol particulate filter, ozone and SO2、CO、NO2The concentration detection unit and the air pump are sequentially communicated in series through a pipeline;
the six meteorological element detection units comprise a temperature and humidity integrated test unit and an atmospheric pressure detection unit which are arranged in the shell; the wind speed and direction testing unit and the rain gauge are arranged outside the shell.
Preferably, each of the six meteorological element detection units is provided with a detection sensor, and the detection sensor is directly exposed to the external atmosphere.
Preferably, the detection sensor of the wind speed and direction test unit comprises three ultrasonic sensor columns arranged on the same height horizontal plane, and the three ultrasonic sensor columns are arranged at equal intervals.
Preferably, a core processor unit, a digital-to-analog conversion unit, a data storage unit, an alternating current-direct current conversion unit, a direct current power supply unit and a 5G transmission module are integrated on the PCB control integrated mainboard.
Preferably, the monitoring device further comprises a supporting base, the supporting base is located inside the shell, and the PCB control integrated main board is installed on the supporting base.
Preferably, the shell comprises a top cover and a shell body formed by overlapping a plurality of hollow annular shells; the hollow annular shell is provided with an angle A inclined downwards; and a ventilation slot for atmosphere ventilation is formed between the adjacent upper and lower hollow annular shells.
Preferably, the hollow annular housing comprises an upper surface and a lower surface, and the lower surface of the upper hollow annular housing forming the ventilation slot can cover the ventilation slot. The shell with the design can play a role of wind shielding and rain shielding, and meanwhile, the environment gas of the equipment in the shell can be ensured to be outdoor atmosphere, and the gas detected by the detection unit of the equipment can be ensured to be representative.
Preferably, the hollow annular shell is provided with a through hole for a support column to pass through, and the support base is provided with a fastening hole matched with the support column; the hollow annular shells are overlapped through the support columns to form shell bodies and are fixed on the support base.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
(1) the utility model provides a ground multi-functional atmospheric pollution of integrated form and meteorological monitoring equipment have integrateed the detecting element of six parameters of ambient air quality and six key elements of meteorological appearance simultaneously, can monitor 12 kinds of indexes above simultaneously. Meanwhile, detection units of the monitoring equipment are high-precision and high-sensitivity sensors, so that the continuous observation of the mass concentration of the trace gas and the aerosol can be realized while the six meteorological elements are accurately and continuously monitored;
(2) the utility model provides a ground integrated form multi-functional atmospheric pollution and meteorological monitoring equipment, the shell has the shell body that is formed by stacking a plurality of hollow annular shells, and hollow annular shell has the angle that inclines downwards, forms the ventilation slot that can supply the atmosphere to circulate between two adjacent hollow annular shells, both can prevent rain, avoids detecting element such as mainboard etc. to meet water and impairs, has guaranteed that the atmosphere in the shell is unanimous with external environment atmosphere simultaneously;
(3) the utility model provides a ground multi-functional atmospheric pollution of integrated form and meteorological monitoring equipment, its wind speed and direction measuring unit have three ultrasonic sensor posts of equidistance on the horizontal plane, need notice its direction when the installation, and the main direction will be transferred to true north. The measuring unit can measure the time of the ultrasonic wave sent by one sensor column to the other two sensor columns, and can also measure the transmission time of the ultrasonic wave sent by other sensor columns, thereby calculating the current wind speed and wind direction.
The calculation of the wind speed and the wind direction depends on the ultrasonic wave transmission time of the three paths formed by the sensor columns, and the transmission time is mainly dependent on the wind speed. For any two sensor columns, if the wind speed is zero, the forward and reverse transmission times are equal, if the wind blows along the ultrasonic path, the transmission time in the upwind direction is increased, and the transmission time in the downwind direction is decreased, and the calculation formula of the wind speed is as follows:
Vwl is the distance between two sensor columns, T, for the wind speed on the ultrasonic pathfFor transmission time in downwind direction, TrThe transmission time in the upwind direction.
The wind speed and direction measuring unit of the device is provided with three ultrasonic transmission channels, so that three V-shaped ultrasonic waves can be obtainedwBy any two of VwThe wind speed and direction of the atmosphere at that moment can be calculated, and another VwCan play a role of correction, so that the result is more accurate.
(4) The utility model provides a ground multi-functional atmospheric pollution of integrated form and meteorological monitoring equipment is provided with the integrated mainboard of PCB control, can receive detecting element's signal of telecommunication to change it into corresponding digital signal, can carry out preliminary processing to these digital signal moreover, through the calibration parameter data of storage on the mainboard before, through above step, change the signal that detecting element provided into the data of six parameters of visual air quality and six key elements of meteorology. Monitoring data can be stored in a storage unit of the mainboard, and equipment can be connected to a computer periodically so as to export the data; the data can be transmitted to the central server in real time through a wireless network by means of a 5G transmission unit arranged on the mainboard, the condition is generally suitable for a monitoring network formed by a large number of monitoring devices, and the numerical values of all the monitoring devices in the whole monitoring network can be seen at the same time, so that the air quality condition in a monitoring range can be known;
drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an internal structure of the integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and weather monitoring device provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and weather monitoring device provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a housing of the integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and weather monitoring device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a ventilation slot formed by adjacent upper and lower hollow annular housings forming a housing of the integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and weather monitoring device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a hollow annular housing constituting the housing of the integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and weather monitoring device provided by the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a wind speed and direction test unit; 2. an air inlet; 3. light scattering PM2.5、PM10A mass concentration detection unit; 4. a high efficiency aerosol particulate filter; 5. ozone and SO2、CO、NO2A concentration detection unit; 6. an air pump; 7. a temperature and humidity integrated test unit; 8. the PCB controls the integrated main board; 9. an atmospheric pressure detection unit; 10. a support base; 11. a 5G transmission module; 12. a housing; 13. a top cover; 14. a hollow annular housing; 15. a shell body; 16. a lower surface; 17. a support pillar; 18. perforating; 19. a fastening hole; 20. a rain gauge; 21. a vent slot.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the description of the embodiments herein is for purposes of illustration and explanation only and is not intended to limit the invention.
In the present invention, the use of directional terms such as "upper and lower" generally means the upper and lower portions shown in the drawings without being described to the contrary. "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of the respective component itself.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model provides a multi-functional atmospheric pollution of ground integrated form and meteorological monitoring equipment, including shell 12, air inlet 2 has been seted up on shell 12, is provided with in the shell 12 and supports base 10 and aspiration pump 6, supports to be provided with the integrated mainboard 8 of PCB control on the base 10, and the integration has last six parameter detection units of integrated air quality, six key element detecting element of meteorological affairs, core processor unit, digital analog conversion unit, data storage unit, alternating current-direct current conversion unit, DC power supply unit and 5G transmission module 11 on the integrated mainboard 8 of PCB control. The air quality six-parameter detection unit comprises light scattering PM2.5、PM10Mass concentration detection unit 3, ozone, SO2、CO、NO2 Concentration detection unit 5, air pump 6, air inlet 2 and light scattering PM2.5、PM10Mass concentration detection unit 3 and ozone and SO2、CO、NO2The concentration detection units 5 are communicated in series through pipelines, and light scatters PM2.5、PM10A high-efficiency aerosol particle filter 4 is arranged between the mass concentration detection unit 3 and the ozone. The six meteorological element detection units comprise a temperature and humidity integrated test unit 7 and an atmospheric pressure detection unit 9 which are positioned in a shell 12, a wind speed and direction test unit 1 and a rain gauge 20 which are positioned outside the shell 12, and all the six meteorological element detection units are provided with detection sensors which are directly exposed in the atmosphere.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the detecting sensor of the wind speed and direction measuring unit 1 includes three ultrasonic sensor columns disposed on a horizontal plane at the same height, and the three ultrasonic sensor columns are disposed on the horizontal plane at the same heightThe acoustic sensor columns are arranged at equal intervals to form three ultrasonic transmission channels, so that three V-shaped ultrasonic transducers can be obtainedwBy any two of VwThe wind speed and direction of the atmosphere at that moment can be calculated, and another VwCan play a role of correction, so that the result is more accurate.
The PCB mainboard is integrated with a core processor unit, a digital-to-analog conversion unit, a data storage unit, an AC/DC conversion unit, a DC power supply unit and a 5G transmission module 11, the core processor unit is respectively connected with the digital-to-analog conversion unit, the data storage unit, the AC/DC conversion unit, the DC power supply unit and the 5G transmission module 11, the six-parameter air quality detection unit and the six-element meteorological detection unit are respectively connected with the digital-to-analog conversion unit and the AC/DC power supply unit, and the AC/DC conversion unit is connected with an external power supply through an electric plug.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the housing 12 includes a housing body 15, the housing body 15 is formed by stacking a plurality of hollow annular housings 14, and as shown in fig. 5, the hollow annular housings 14 have an inclined downward angle a (smaller than 90 °, preferably 45 °); the upper and lower hollow annular housings 14 adjacent to each other in fig. 4 form a ventilation slot 21 for ventilation of the atmosphere. The lower surface 16 of the upper hollow annular housing 14 constituting the ventilation slots 21 can cover the ventilation slots 21. The top of the shell body 15 is provided with a matched top cover 13, the top cover 13 is provided with an air inlet (1), and the bottom of the shell body 15 is arranged on the supporting base 10.
As shown in fig. 3, the shell body 15 is formed by stacking a plurality of hollow annular shells 14, the hollow annular shells 14 are provided with through holes 18 for supporting columns 17 to pass through, and the supporting base 10 is provided with fastening holes 19 matched with the supporting columns 17; when a plurality of hollow annular shells 14 are assembled in a stacked mode, each hollow annular shell 14 needs to be aligned up and down, the through holes 18 of the hollow annular shells need to be aligned with each other, the long support columns 17 penetrate through the through holes 18 of each layer of hollow annular shells 14, so that the hollow annular shells 14 of each layer are fixed with each other and form ventilation slots 21 for ventilation of atmosphere, and the support columns 17 are finally fixed on fastening holes/nuts of an equipment base, so that the outer shell 12 is installed on the support base 10.
The utility model provides a multi-functional atmospheric pollution of integrated form and meteorological monitoring equipment theory of operation and process as follows:
first, parameter setting
The core processor unit of the device is equivalent to a high-performance singlechip, and is internally provided with a CPU, a Flash memory, an I/O control circuit, a timer, a clock circuit and the like. Before the device runs, the core processor unit needs to set the following two aspects:
1. the data correction parameters and calculation formulas of the monitoring instruments calculate various corresponding parameter values of the monitored environment atmosphere according to the detector signal values from the digital-to-analog conversion unit. Wherein: the calculation method of the wind speed and direction measuring unit is as follows:
the wind speed and direction measuring unit is provided with three ultrasonic sensor columns which are equidistant on the horizontal plane, the direction of the ultrasonic sensor columns needs to be noticed when the ultrasonic sensor columns are installed, and the main direction of the ultrasonic sensor columns needs to be adjusted to the true north. The measuring unit can measure the time of the ultrasonic wave sent by one sensor column to the other two sensor columns, and can also measure the transmission time of the ultrasonic wave sent by other sensor columns, thereby calculating the current wind speed and wind direction.
The calculation of the wind speed and the wind direction depends on the ultrasonic wave transmission time of the three paths formed by the sensor columns, and the transmission time is mainly dependent on the wind speed. For any two of the sensor columns, if the wind speed is zero, the forward and reverse transit times will be equal, if the wind blows along the ultrasonic path, the transit time in the upwind direction will increase and the transit time in the downwind direction will decrease.
The calculation formula of the wind speed is as follows:
Vwl is the distance between two sensor columns, T, for the wind speed on the ultrasonic pathfFor transmission time in downwind direction, TrThe transmission time in the upwind direction.
The transmission time of the ultrasonic wave is related to the atmospheric temperature, humidity and pressureThe transit time is measured in both directions, however, so that the effects of temperature, humidity and pressure can be excluded. The wind speed and direction measuring unit of the device is provided with three ultrasonic transmission channels, so that three V-shaped ultrasonic waves can be obtainedwBy any two of VwThe wind speed and direction of the atmosphere at that moment can be calculated, and another VwCan play a role of correction, and the result is more accurate.
2. Sampling intervals and time sequences of the monitoring instruments are obtained, and the output digital signals are converted into analog voltage signals through the digital-to-analog conversion unit to control the direct current power supply unit to supply power to the air pump 6, the six meteorological element detection units, the six air quality parameter detection unit and other instruments.
Second, atmosphere monitoring
The integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and meteorological monitoring equipment is arranged in a monitoring place, an electric plug of an AC-DC conversion unit is connected with an external power supply, the AC-DC conversion unit supplies power for a PCB mainboard, and then a DC power supply unit on the PCB mainboard supplies power for six air quality parameter detection units, six meteorological element detection units and an air pump 6 in the equipment under the control of a core processing unit. After the integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and weather monitoring equipment is powered on, the temperature and humidity integrated test unit 7, the atmospheric pressure detection unit 9, the wind speed and direction test unit 1 and the rain gauge 20 of each six weather element detection unit perform monitoring work independently, and detection signals are transmitted to a digital-to-analog conversion unit of a PCB mainboard by virtue of detection sensors respectively exposed in ambient air;
light scattering PM of air quality six-parameter detection unit2.5、PM10Mass concentration detection unit 3, ozone and SO2、CO、NO2The concentration detection unit 5 is connected in series through the same air inlet pipeline and is arranged on the SO2、CO、NO2The air pump 6 at the tail end of the concentration detection unit 5 continuously pumps air to pump the external ambient atmosphere into the light scattering PM from the air inlet 22.5、PM10The mass concentration detection unit 3 detects the mass concentration of particulate matter based on the principle of light scattering, but the detection of light scattering does not change the gasAnd then sampling the gas from the PM2.5、PM10The mass concentration detection unit flows out to completely remove the particles through the high-efficiency aerosol particle filter 4, and then enters ozone and SO2、CO、NO2The concentration detection unit 5 is used for detecting CO and SO2、O3、NO2While light scatters PM2.5、PM10Mass concentration detection unit 3, ozone and SO2、CO、NO2The concentration detection unit 5 transmits respective detection signals to a digital-to-analog conversion unit of the PCB mainboard;
the digital-to-analog conversion unit is connected with the core processor unit, converts the received detection signals (analog voltage signals at this time) into digital signals, and then outputs the digital signals to the core processor unit; the core processor unit stores the received monitoring data results in the data storage unit, calculates various corresponding parameter values of the ambient atmosphere from the detector signal values of the digital-to-analog conversion unit according to the internally set correction parameters and calculation formulas of each monitoring instrument, and then controls the 5G transmission module 11 to transmit data to an external server through a mobile data network in a timing mode.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional atmospheric pollution of integrated form and meteorological monitoring equipment, includes shell (12) that are provided with air inlet (2), sets up in the integrated mainboard of PCB control (8), high-efficient aerosol particulate filter (4) and aspiration pump (6) of shell (12) inside, its characterized in that: an air quality six-parameter detection unit and a meteorological six-element detection unit are integrated on the PCB control integrated main board (8);
the air quality six-parameter detection unit comprises a light scattering PM arranged in a shell (12)2.5、PM10Mass concentration detection unit (3) and ozone and SO2、CO、NO2A concentration detection unit (5); the air inlet (2) and the light scattering PM2.5、PM10A mass concentration detection unit (3), an ozone and high-efficiency aerosol particle filter (4), ozone and SO2、CO、NO2The concentration detection unit (5) and the air pump (6) are connected in series through a pipeline in sequenceOpening;
the six meteorological element detection unit comprises a temperature and humidity integrated test unit (7) and an atmospheric pressure detection unit (9) which are arranged in a shell (12); a wind speed and direction testing unit (1) and a rain gauge (20) which are arranged outside the shell (12).
2. The integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and weather monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature and humidity integrated test unit (7), the atmospheric pressure detection unit (9), the wind speed and direction test unit (1) and the rain gauge (20) are all provided with detection sensors, and the detection sensors directly extend out of the shell (12) and are exposed to the outside atmosphere.
3. The integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and weather monitoring device according to claim 2, wherein: the detection sensor of the wind speed and direction test unit (1) comprises three ultrasonic sensor columns arranged on a horizontal plane at the same height, and the three ultrasonic sensor columns are arranged at equal intervals.
4. The integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and weather monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein: and a core processor unit, a digital-to-analog conversion unit, a data storage unit, an alternating current-direct current conversion unit, a direct current power supply unit and a 5G transmission module (11) are integrated on the PCB control integrated main board (8).
5. The integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and weather monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein: the PCB control integrated circuit is characterized by further comprising a supporting base (10), the PCB control integrated main board (8) is installed on the supporting base (10), and the shell (12) is installed on the supporting base (10).
6. The integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and weather monitoring device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the shell (12) comprises a top cover (13) and a shell body (15) formed by overlapping a plurality of hollow annular shells (14); the top cover (13) is provided with an air inlet (2) which is arranged on the hollow annular shell (14) and has an inclined downward-inclined angle A; a ventilation slot (21) for ventilation of atmosphere is formed between the adjacent upper and lower hollow annular shells (14).
7. The integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and weather monitoring device according to claim 6, wherein: the hollow annular housing (14) comprises a lower surface (16), and the lower surface (16) of the upper hollow annular housing (14) forming the ventilation slot (21) can cover the ventilation slot (21).
8. The integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and weather monitoring device according to claim 6, wherein: a through hole (18) for a support column (17) to pass through is formed in the hollow annular shell (14), and a fastening hole (19) matched with the support column (17) is formed in the support base (10); the hollow annular shells (14) are overlapped through support columns (17) to form a shell body (15) and fixed on the support base (10).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921638118.1U CN210720780U (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2019-09-27 | Integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and meteorological monitoring equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921638118.1U CN210720780U (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2019-09-27 | Integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and meteorological monitoring equipment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN210720780U true CN210720780U (en) | 2020-06-09 |
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| CN201921638118.1U Active CN210720780U (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2019-09-27 | Integrated multifunctional atmospheric pollution and meteorological monitoring equipment |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |