CN210688204U - Compact type gradation swirl pulverized coal burner - Google Patents

Compact type gradation swirl pulverized coal burner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN210688204U
CN210688204U CN201920899413.6U CN201920899413U CN210688204U CN 210688204 U CN210688204 U CN 210688204U CN 201920899413 U CN201920899413 U CN 201920899413U CN 210688204 U CN210688204 U CN 210688204U
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China
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pulverized coal
channel
coal
airflow
secondary air
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201920899413.6U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵岩
宋民航
邵春岩
侯海盟
曾乐
刘舒
张广鑫
裴江涛
蒋帅
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Shenyang Academy Environmental Sciences
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Shenyang Academy Environmental Sciences
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Abstract

The utility model provides a compact dense-dilute classification whirl buggy combustor, dense buggy airflow channel are located the middle part of wind buggy airflow pipe, and light buggy airflow channel is located dense buggy airflow channel's the outside to through awl annular channel and wind buggy airflow pipe intercommunication, be equipped with axial whirl blade in light buggy airflow channel's lower part, be equipped with the secondary in light buggy airflow channel's outsideThe secondary air channel is internally provided with tangential blades; a conical ring-shaped pulverized coal concentration ring is also arranged in the primary air pulverized coal airflow pipe. The utility model has the advantages of promoting the pulverized coal to catch fire, stably burn and burn out under various coal types and variable load conditions; compact structure and NO suppression x The production and the processing cost of the burner are reduced, and the problems of narrow load adjusting range, low pulverized coal burnout rate, poor combustion stability and NO existing in the conventional pulverized coal boiler are solved x The problem of high discharge amount.

Description

Compact type gradation swirl pulverized coal burner
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a coal fired boiler pulverized coal burner, concretely relates to promotion buggy surely fires, burns up and reduces NO x The generated compact type gradation cyclone pulverized coal burner has the characteristics of strong coal adaptability, wide load adjusting range and compact structure.
Background
Coal is the main fossil fuel in China, and the pulverized coal combustion mode occupies a large proportion in power plants in the power industry and other industries. Nitrogen Oxides (NO) x ) Is a precursor for acid rain and photochemical pollution, while coal combustion in the power industry is the generation of NO x Is the main source of (1). With the increasing demand for pollutant abatement, countries have established strict standards to limit the NO produced by large combustion plants x And (5) discharging. The requirements of the 'emission standard of atmospheric pollutants for thermal power plants' issued by the ministry of environmental protection of China are as follows: existing boiler 2014, 7 months and 1From the beginning of the day, from 1 month and 1 day of 2012 of the newly-built boiler, except the W flame boiler and the circulating fluidized bed boiler, the rest boilers are NO x Emission limit of 100mg/Nm3(at 6% O2). In addition, along with increasing importance of the nation on improving the flexibility of the coal-fired boiler and promoting green transformation of electric power, the realization of low pollutant emission, flexible peak regulation and improvement of coal type adaptability of the coal-fired boiler become necessary trends of the technical development of the coal-fired boiler.
In order to respond to the increasingly severe environmental protection standard of China, abundant and variable coal resources are scientifically utilized, and the development of a high-efficiency, low-nitrogen, wide coal adaptability, strong variable load adaptability and compact-structure pulverized coal burner plays a crucial role in promoting the development of coal-fired boilers and the clean utilization of coal.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a compact gradation cyclone pulverized coal burner to solve the load control range that current pulverized coal boiler exists narrow, the buggy burnout rate is low, combustion stability is poor and NO x The problem of high discharge amount.
The utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme: a compact type gradation swirl pulverized coal burner is characterized by comprising a light pulverized coal airflow channel, an inner separation ring, a conical annular channel, a thick pulverized coal airflow channel, a fixing rib, a pulverized coal concentration ring, a primary air pulverized coal airflow pipe, an axial swirl blade, an outer separation ring, a secondary air channel and a tangential blade;
the concentrated coal powder airflow channel is positioned in the middle of the primary air coal powder airflow pipe, the light coal powder airflow channel is positioned on the outer side of the concentrated coal powder airflow channel and is communicated with the primary air coal powder airflow pipe through a conical annular channel, the lower part of the light coal powder airflow channel is provided with an axial rotational flow blade, the outer part of the light coal powder airflow channel is provided with a secondary air channel, and the secondary air channel is internally provided with a tangential blade; a conical ring-shaped pulverized coal concentration ring is also arranged in the primary air pulverized coal airflow pipe.
Furthermore, the thick coal powder airflow channel is connected with the thin coal powder airflow channel through an inner partition ring, and the thin coal powder airflow channel is connected with the secondary air channel through an outer partition ring; the pulverized coal concentration ring is fixed in the middle of the primary air pulverized coal airflow pipe through a fixing rib.
Furthermore, the thick coal powder airflow channel is in a straight cylinder shape.
Furthermore, the secondary air channel is an annular airflow channel with an inverted L-shaped section; the tangential vanes are located at the inlet of the secondary air channel.
Furthermore, the secondary air channel has two layers, the two layers of secondary air channels are connected through an outer partition ring, and tangential blades are respectively arranged in the two layers of secondary air channels.
The utility model has the advantages as follows:
1. promoting the ignition, stable combustion and burnout of the pulverized coal under various coal types and variable load conditions;
the primary air pulverized coal airflow is concentrated, so that the concentration of the pulverized coal in the concentrated pulverized coal airflow is increased to more than 2 times of that before concentration, the ignition heat required by combustion of different kinds of pulverized coal is favorably reduced, the pulverized coal is combusted in advance to form main flame, and the light pulverized coal airflow is heated and ignited.
The light coal powder airflow and the secondary air rotating at high speed help to form a high-temperature flue gas reflux area at the outlet of the combustor and ignite the coal powder in the light coal powder airflow and the thick coal powder airflow.
2. Low NO x Generating;
after primary air pulverized coal airflow is concentrated, the concentration of pulverized coal in concentrated pulverized coal airflow is greatly improved, effective pulverized coal concentration graded combustion is realized, a strong reduction zone in pulverized coal combustion flame is favorably formed, and a large amount of released N elements are converted into NH3Or N2Conversion, inhibition of NO x And (4) generating.
The oxygen required in the initial stage of coal powder combustion is supplied by the light coal powder airflow and the secondary air in two stages in sequence, so that the coal powder is always kept to be combusted under the reducing gas, and the NO in the coal powder combustion process is reduced x And (4) generating.
An inner separating ring is arranged between the thick coal powder airflow channel and the thin coal powder airflow channel and an outer separating ring is arranged between the thin coal powder airflow channel and the secondary air channel, so that the thick coal powder airflow, the thin coal powder airflow and the secondary air are enabled to be threeA certain distance is kept between the two pulverized coal jet nozzles to be jetted out of the burner, so that the mixing of the thick pulverized coal airflow, the thin pulverized coal airflow and the secondary air is delayed, the retention time of the pulverized coal under the reducing gas is further prolonged, and NO is inhibited x And (4) generating.
3. The structure is compact and the cost is reduced;
the primary air pulverized coal airflow is divided into thick pulverized coal airflow positioned on the inner side and thin pulverized coal airflow positioned on the outer side by the pulverized coal concentration ring arranged in the primary air pulverized coal airflow pipe, so that the thin pulverized coal airflow is rotationally ejected at a high speed at the outlet of the combustor by the axial rotational flow blades arranged in the thin pulverized coal airflow channel while the thick-thin graded combustion of the pulverized coal is realized. This kind of burning organizational scheme can make light buggy air current have the effect of organizing the burning of the coal dust shade and founding combustor export high temperature backward flow district simultaneously, has avoided realizing the high temperature backward flow district of combustor export through founding multilayer whirl overgrate air among the conventional type whirl coal burner, simplifies the combustor structure, makes the combustor structure compacter, and the combustor size is corresponding to be reduced, is favorable to the nimble of combustor in the practical application in-process to be arranged and reduces combustor processing cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention along the axial section;
fig. 2 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the utility model taken along the line A-A;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the utility model B-B;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the axial swirl vane of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1: light coal powder airflow channel, 2: inner partition ring, 3: conical annular channel, 4: dense coal dust airflow channel, 5: fixing ribs and 6: coal dust concentration ring, 7: primary air pulverized coal airflow pipe, 8: axial swirl vane, 9: outer spacer ring, 10: secondary air channel, 11: tangential blades.
Detailed Description
In order to clarify the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the following embodiments further describe the present invention in detail. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-7, the compact type dense-dilute graded cyclone pulverized coal burner of the present invention comprises a dilute pulverized coal airflow channel 1, an internal partition ring 2, a conical annular channel 3, a dense pulverized coal airflow channel 4, a fixing rib 5, a pulverized coal concentration ring 6, a primary air pulverized coal airflow pipe 7, axial cyclone blades 8, an external partition ring 9, a secondary air channel 10 and tangential blades 11;
the concentrated coal powder airflow channel 4 is positioned in the middle of the primary air coal powder airflow pipe 7, the light coal powder airflow channel 1 is positioned on the outer side of the concentrated coal powder airflow channel 4 and is communicated with the primary air coal powder airflow pipe 7 through the conical annular channel 3, the axial rotational flow blade 8 is arranged at the lower part of the light coal powder airflow channel 1, the secondary air channel 10 is arranged outside the light coal powder airflow channel 1, and the tangential blade 11 is arranged in the secondary air channel 10; a conical ring-shaped pulverized coal concentration ring 6 is also arranged in the primary air pulverized coal airflow pipe 7.
Preferably, the dense coal powder airflow channel 4 is connected with the light coal powder airflow channel 1 through an inner partition ring 2, and the light coal powder airflow channel 1 is connected with the secondary air channel 10 through an outer partition ring 9; the pulverized coal concentrating ring 6 is fixed in the middle of the primary air pulverized coal airflow pipe 7 through a fixing rib 5.
Preferably, the rich coal airflow channel 4 is of a straight cylinder type.
Preferably, the secondary air channel 11 is an annular air flow channel with an inverted L-shaped cross section; the tangential vanes 11 are located at the inlet of the secondary air channel 10.
Preferably, the secondary air channel 10 has two layers, the two layers of secondary air channels 10 are connected through an outer partition ring 9, and tangential blades 11 are respectively arranged in the two layers of secondary air channels 10.
The specific positional relationship among the components is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, a dense coal powder air flow channel 4, an inner partition ring 2, a thin coal powder air flow channel 1, an outer partition ring 9 and a secondary air channel 10 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the pulverized coal concentrating rings 6 are positioned inside the primary air pulverized coal airflow pipe 7, and a plurality of pulverized coal concentrating rings can be vertically arranged at intervals; the concentrated coal powder airflow channel 4 is positioned at the center of the outlet of the primary air coal powder airflow pipe 7, and the concentrated coal powder airflow channel 4 is in a straight cylinder shape; the conical annular channel 3 is positioned at the outlet of the primary air pulverized coal airflow pipe 7 and is connected and communicated with the primary air pulverized coal airflow pipe 7; the light coal powder air flow channel 1 is positioned at the outlet of the conical annular channel 3 and is connected and communicated with the conical annular channel 3.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the axial swirling vanes 8 are located at the outlet of the light pulverized coal airflow channel 1 and are connected to the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder wall of the light pulverized coal airflow channel 1; the inner partition ring 2 is connected with the inner cylinder of the light coal powder airflow channel 1, and the outer partition ring 9 is connected with the outer cylinder of the light coal powder airflow channel 1.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation and process are as follows: the primary air carrying coal dust enters from the primary air coal dust airflow pipe and meets a coal dust concentration ring positioned in the primary air coal dust airflow pipe, the coal dust concentration ring is in a hollow frustum shape, and the upper part is big and the lower part is small, the air flow of the primary air coal dust is rapidly turned in the process of impacting the coal dust concentration ring, because the density of the coal dust particles is high, the coal dust particles with large particle size are more easily rebounded to the center of the primary air coal dust airflow pipe and are enriched due to the inertia effect in the process of impacting the coal dust concentration ring to form a concentrated coal dust airflow with high coal dust concentration, and meanwhile, a small amount of coal dust particles (mainly coal dust particles with small particle size) are generated, because the inertia action of the coal powder is weak and the fluidity of the coal powder following the airflow is good, the small amount of coal powder still flows along the flowing direction of the airflow, thereby forming a light coal dust airflow with lower coal dust concentration near the inner wall of the primary air coal dust airflow pipe around the thick coal dust airflow. The thick coal powder airflow formed at the center of the primary air coal powder airflow pipe is directly sprayed out from the thick coal powder airflow channel, the thin coal powder airflow formed near the inner wall of the primary air coal powder airflow pipe flows along the inner wall of the primary air coal powder airflow pipe, firstly enters the conical annular channel, is guided by the conical annular channel, finally enters the thin coal powder airflow channel from the conical annular channel, is guided by the axial rotational flow blades and is sprayed out at a high speed in a rotational flow mode, so that a low-pressure area is formed at the center of the high-speed rotational airflow, and the low-pressure area can enable the thin coal powder airflow to flow back to the low-pressure area after being sprayed out, so that a high-temperature backflow area at the outlet of the combustor is formed. Meanwhile, secondary air enters from the secondary air channel, is guided by the tangential blades to generate a larger tangential rotating speed component and is sprayed out from the outlet of the secondary air channel in a high-speed rotational flow mode, and the formation of a high-temperature backflow area at the outlet of the combustor is further promoted in the same way.
The utility model discloses in the structure, a wind buggy air current is through concentrating, makes the buggy concentration increase to more than 2 times before the concentration in the concentrated buggy air current, is favorable to reducing the required ignition heat of different coal type buggy burning, makes this part buggy burn in advance and forms main flame, heats and lights light buggy air current. The light coal powder airflow and the secondary air rotating at high speed help to form a high-temperature flue gas reflux area at the outlet of the combustor and ignite the coal powder in the light coal powder airflow and the thick coal powder airflow. Thereby promoting the ignition, stable combustion and burnout of the coal powder under the conditions of various coal types and variable loads.
Meanwhile, after the primary air pulverized coal airflow is concentrated, the concentration of the pulverized coal in the concentrated pulverized coal airflow is greatly improved, effective concentration and graded combustion of the pulverized coal are realized, a strong reduction region in pulverized coal combustion flame is favorably formed, and a large amount of released N elements are converted into NH3Or N2Conversion, inhibition of NO x And (4) generating. In addition, the oxygen required in the initial stage of pulverized coal combustion is supplied by the light pulverized coal airflow and the secondary air in two stages in sequence, so that the pulverized coal is always kept to be combusted under the reducing gas, and the NO in the pulverized coal combustion process is reduced x And (4) generating. An inner separating ring is arranged between the thick coal powder airflow channel and the thin coal powder airflow channel and an outer separating ring is arranged between the thin coal powder airflow channel and the secondary air channel, so that the thick coal powder airflow, the thin coal powder airflow and the secondary air are sprayed out of the burner at a certain distance, the mixing of the thick coal powder airflow, the thin coal powder airflow and the secondary air is delayed, the retention time of the coal powder under the reducing gas is further prolonged, and the NO inhibition is facilitated x And generating and reducing NOx emission.
The primary air pulverized coal airflow is divided into thick pulverized coal airflow positioned on the inner side and thin pulverized coal airflow positioned on the outer side by the pulverized coal concentration ring arranged in the primary air pulverized coal airflow pipe, so that the thin pulverized coal airflow is rotationally ejected at a high speed at the outlet of the combustor by the axial rotational flow blades arranged in the thin pulverized coal airflow channel while the thick-thin graded combustion of the pulverized coal is realized. This kind of burning organizational scheme can make light buggy air current have the effect of organizing the burning of the coal dust shade and founding combustor export high temperature backward flow district simultaneously, has avoided realizing the high temperature backward flow district of combustor export through founding multilayer whirl overgrate air among the conventional type whirl coal burner, has simplified the combustor structure, and the combustor size is corresponding to be reduced, makes the combustor structure compacter, is favorable to the nimble of combustor in the practical application in-process to be arranged and reduce combustor processing cost.
The utility model discloses an organize to postpone between the burning of buggy dense or thin, dense or thin buggy air current and overgrate air and mix, realize that the buggy is stable to burn, promote the buggy to burn up and reduce NO x The purpose of generation is that the adaptability of coal types is strong, the load adjusting range is wide, and the NO is low x The production and the structure are compact.
Connection, including but not limited to modes such as spiro union, welding to and based on the corresponding mode that prior art adopted.
The above-mentioned embodiments only represent the concrete embodiments of the present invention, which are only used as illustrations and descriptions of the solution of the present invention, and therefore should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A compact type gradation swirl pulverized coal burner is characterized by comprising a light pulverized coal airflow channel (1), an inner partition ring (2), a conical annular channel (3), a thick pulverized coal airflow channel (4), a fixing rib (5), a pulverized coal concentration ring (6), a primary air pulverized coal airflow pipe (7), axial swirl blades (8), an outer partition ring (9), a secondary air channel (10) and tangential blades (11);
the concentrated coal powder airflow channel (4) is positioned in the middle of the primary air coal powder airflow pipe (7), the light coal powder airflow channel (1) is positioned on the outer side of the concentrated coal powder airflow channel (4) and is communicated with the primary air coal powder airflow pipe (7) through a conical annular channel (3), the lower part of the light coal powder airflow channel (1) is provided with an axial rotational flow blade (8), the outer part of the light coal powder airflow channel (1) is provided with a secondary air channel (10), and the secondary air channel (10) is internally provided with a tangential blade (11); a conical ring-shaped coal dust concentration ring (6) is also arranged in the primary air coal dust airflow pipe (7).
2. The compact type gradation swirl pulverized coal burner of claim 1, wherein the rich pulverized coal airflow channel (4) is connected with the lean pulverized coal airflow channel (1) through an inner partition ring (2), the lean pulverized coal airflow channel (1) is connected with the secondary air channel (10) through an outer partition ring (9), and the pulverized coal concentration ring (6) is fixed in the middle of the primary air pulverized coal airflow pipe (7) through a fixing rib (5).
3. The compact type gradation cyclone pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pulverized coal rich gas flow passage (4) is of a straight cylinder type.
4. The compact shade-graded cyclone pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the secondary air passage (10) is an annular air flow passage with an inverted "L" shaped cross section; the tangential blades (11) are located at the inlet of the secondary air channel (10).
5. The compact type gradation swirl pulverized coal burner of claim 1, wherein the secondary air passage (10) has two layers, the two layers of secondary air passages (10) are connected by an external separating ring (9), and tangential vanes (11) are respectively arranged in the two layers of secondary air passages (10).
CN201920899413.6U 2019-06-15 2019-06-15 Compact type gradation swirl pulverized coal burner Expired - Fee Related CN210688204U (en)

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CN201920899413.6U CN210688204U (en) 2019-06-15 2019-06-15 Compact type gradation swirl pulverized coal burner

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201920899413.6U CN210688204U (en) 2019-06-15 2019-06-15 Compact type gradation swirl pulverized coal burner

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CN210688204U true CN210688204U (en) 2020-06-05

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Granted publication date: 20200605