CN210686911U

CN210686911U - One-way bearing type two-gear transmission of electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN210686911U
Application number: CN201921251455.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王俊昌; 王纪为; 张辉; 阳圆银; 殷铭铭; 古翔华; 胡四林
Original assignee: Anyang Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Anyang Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2019-08-05
Filing date: 2019-08-05
Publication date: 2020-06-05
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-05

Abstract

The application discloses two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile one-way bearing formula includes: the transmission comprises a first shaft, a second shaft, a first-gear driving gear, a second-gear driving gear, a first-gear driven gear, a second-gear driven gear, a reducer driving gear, a reverse gear driven gear, a second-gear synchronizer assembly, a one-way bearing supporting the first-gear driven gear, a one-way bearing supporting the second-gear driven gear, a transmission gear shifting system, a transmission shell system, a rolling bearing supporting the first shaft and a rolling bearing supporting the second shaft. The utility model discloses simplify the gear shift action, do not need the clutch can realize the gear transform, reduce the time that the gear shift process interrupted power, when promoting electric automobile motor efficiency and dynamic performance, simplify the derailleur structure, reduce the derailleur cost, help electric automobile's popularization.

Description

One-way bearing type two-gear transmission of electric automobile

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the automotive transmission, specifically speaking are two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile.

Background

With the increasing environmental protection and energy conservation pressure, the quantity of electric automobiles in China increases year by year, and the research on the electric automobile transmission is more important. In the current market, the electric automobile mostly adopts a first-gear transmission to simplify the structure of the transmission and reduce the cost of the transmission by utilizing the characteristics of the locked-rotor characteristic of a motor and the large variation range of the corresponding rotating speed of torque; however, the transmission ratio of the transmission with one gear is fixed, and the variation range of the output rotating speed and the output torque is limited, so that the dynamic property and the highest speed of the vehicle are influenced, higher requirements are provided for the power of a driving motor of an electric vehicle, and the driving motor is difficult to be always kept in a high-efficiency working section when the vehicle runs under multiple working conditions, so that the requirement of consumers on the continuous improvement of the performance of the new energy vehicle is more and more difficult to meet by the transmission with one gear, and the transmission with two gears plays an important role in improving the dynamic property of the new energy vehicle, prolonging the driving range of the new energy vehicle, optimizing the assembly performance of an electric driving system of the new energy vehicle, reducing the whole weight and cost of the new energy vehicle and improving the driving feeling of the new energy vehicle.

The conventional two-gear transmission for the electric automobile is complex in structure and high in cost, and the purpose of gear shifting can be achieved only by matching a plurality of structures, so that the cost of the electric automobile is increased, and the popularization of the electric automobile is restricted; how to develop a low-cost two-gear transmission for an electric vehicle, so that the electric vehicle has higher maximum speed, and the driving motor of the electric vehicle is ensured to work in a high-efficiency range for a longer time, which becomes a subject of great attention in the technical field of electric vehicle transmissions.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a technological defect and the high cost problem of second gear derailleur that exist to electric automobile first gear derailleur, propose the second gear derailleur for electric automobile of a novel structure, from the constitution of structural simplification derailleur, do not need the clutch can realize the derailleur gear transform, reduce electric automobile manufacturing cost, promote electric automobile's dynamic performance.

The utility model discloses a solve above-mentioned technical problem and adopt following technical scheme:

the utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile includes derailleur housing system, derailleur gear drive system, derailleur gear shift system, derailleur gear drive system includes: the device comprises a first shaft, a second shaft, a first-gear driving gear, a second-gear driving gear, a first-gear driven gear, a second-gear driven gear, a reducer driving gear, a reverse gear driven gear, a second-gear synchronizer assembly, a one-way bearing for supporting the first-gear driven gear, a one-way bearing for supporting the second-gear driven gear, a rolling bearing for supporting the first shaft, a bearing seat and an oil sealing device of the rolling bearing for supporting the second shaft;

the utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, transmission housing system includes: support the bearing frame braced frame of primary shaft and secondary shaft, gearbox housing the latter half, gearbox housing the first half, gearbox housing fastening steel band, the derailleur supporting legs, characterized by: the transmission device comprises a rotating shaft supporting frame, a transmission shell fastening steel belt and a transmission shell fastening steel belt, wherein the rotating shaft supporting frame is made of light high-strength metal materials, the lower half part of the transmission shell and the upper half part of the transmission shell are made of light non-metal materials such as engineering plastics, a reducer gear meshing window is reserved at the position, corresponding to a reducer driving gear, of the lower half part of the transmission shell or the upper half part of the transmission shell or the rotating shaft supporting frame, matching surfaces of the rotating shaft supporting frame, the lower half part of the transmission shell and the upper half part of the transmission shell, corresponding to the reducer driving gear, are provided with grooves, the upper edge of the lower half part of the transmission shell and the lower edge of the upper half part of the transmission; the upper end of the supporting leg of the speed changer is connected with the supporting frame of the rotating shaft through a bolt, and the lower end of the supporting leg of the speed changer is fixedly connected with an elastic rubber block and is connected with the frame through a bolt.

The utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, derailleur shift system includes: gear shift fork, gear shift fork axle and auto-lock positioner, gear shift operating device thereof characterized in that: the gear shifting fork shaft and the self-locking positioning device thereof are positioned on the upper half part of the transmission shell, the gear shifting fork shaft is provided with 3 self-locking positions which respectively correspond to a second gear position, a middle position and a reverse gear position, the gear shifting fork is fixed on the gear shifting fork shaft through a positioning pin, and the gear shifting fork is sleeved on a second reverse gear synchronizer coupling sleeve; when the vehicle is in a first gear, the gear shifting operating device enables the gear shifting fork shaft to be located at the middle position, and the transmission is in a first gear state; when the vehicle is in a second gear, the gear shifting control device enables the gear shifting fork shaft to be located at the position of the second gear, and at the moment, the gear shifting fork pushes a joint sleeve in the second reverse gear synchronizer assembly to be jointed with a second gear driving gear, so that second gear (high gear) transmission is realized; when the vehicle is about to return to the first gear, the gear shifting control device enables the gear shifting fork shaft to return to the middle position, and the gear shifting fork pushes an engaging sleeve in the two-reverse gear synchronizer assembly to be disengaged from the two-gear driving gear; when the vehicle is in a reverse gear state, the gear shifting control device pushes the gear shifting fork shaft to be located at the reverse gear position, at the moment, a joint sleeve in the two-reverse gear synchronizer assembly is jointed with a reverse gear driving gear, the motor rotates reversely, and the vehicle is in the reverse gear state; when the shift rail is in the neutral position and the motor control pedal is in the released state, the vehicle is in a neutral state.

The utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, the primary shaft among the derailleur gear transmission system, this axle is connected through the shaft coupling with motor output shaft, should epaxial installing: the first-gear driving gear is connected with an external spline on a first shaft through an internal spline hole, the second-gear driving gear and the reverse gear driving gear are respectively installed on the first shaft through needle bearings and are respectively positioned on two sides of the second-gear synchronizer assembly, the second-gear synchronizer assembly comprises a synchronizer spline hub, a synchronizer joint sleeve, a second-gear synchronizing ring and a reverse gear synchronizing ring, the synchronizer spline hub is fixedly connected on the external spline of the first shaft through the internal spline, and two ends of the first shaft are supported in bearing seat holes corresponding to a transmission rotating shaft supporting frame through rolling ball bearings;

the utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, the second shaft among the derailleur gear drive system should epaxial install: the first-gear driven gear is supported on a journal of the second shaft through a one-way bearing, the reducer driving gear and the reverse driven gear are respectively connected with an external spline on the second shaft through internal spline holes, the second-gear driven gear is supported on the journal of the second shaft through the one-way bearing, and two ends of the second shaft are supported in corresponding bearing seat holes of a transmission rotating shaft supporting frame through rolling ball bearings;

the utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, one grade of driving gear in the derailleur gear drive system with one grade of driven gear constant mesh, the reduction gear driving gear meshes and outwards exports power with reduction gear driven gear, reverse gear driving gear and reverse gear driven gear constant mesh, reverse gear driving gear and reverse gear driven gear are in idle running state when not hanging the reverse gear; the second-gear driving gear and the second-gear driven gear are in constant meshing, the second-gear driving gear and the second-gear driven gear are in an idle rotation state when the second gear is not engaged, the reverse gear transmission ratio is larger than the first gear transmission ratio, and the second gear transmission ratio is smaller than the first gear transmission ratio.

The utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, its shift operating device in the derailleur gear shift system in good time manipulates the shift declutch shift axle back-and-forth movement, manipulates the effort of shift declutch shift axle, can be the pulling force and the thrust to the shift declutch shift axle that the manual manipulation shift pole formed through cable or pull rod, also can be the pulling force and the thrust of shift control motor to the shift declutch shift axle, can also be the electromagnetic force of shift control electromagnetic means to the shift declutch shift axle.

The utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, preferably, directly install on the transaxle shell, and the reduction gear driving gear in the derailleur meshes with the reduction gear driven gear in the transaxle mutually, transmits power to the transaxle; a driving gear of a speed reducer in the speed changer can be eliminated, the second shaft is lengthened to extend out of the speed changer shell, one end of the second shaft extending out of the speed changer shell is connected with the transmission shaft through a universal joint, and power of the speed changer is transmitted to the drive axle through the second shaft of the speed changer and the transmission shaft.

Compared with the prior art, the novel two-gear transmission of electric automobile has following advantage:

1. the utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile adopts the one-way bearing combination, has saved the clutch assembly, can improve space effective utilization, makes derailleur weight reduction, structure compacter again, is favorable to the electric automobile lightweight.

2. The utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile has simplified two grades of derailleur structures, when reducing derailleur weight, has also effectively reduced the derailleur cost, helps electric automobile to promote and popularize.

3. The utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile optimizes derailleur shell structure, and spare part is small in quantity, and weight is lighter, and each position atress is more reasonable, accords with electric automobile lightweight principle.

4. The utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, gear adopt one-way bearing to support, and the gear shift process essence is two synchronous processes of gear, and inertia is little, synchronizing time is short, and the gear shift is rapid, has reduced gear shift in-process power transmission off-time.

5. The utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, structural design is reasonable, and the different derailleur operating mechanism can be selected according to different needs in the production and processing of the derailleur of being convenient for, realizes manual control derailleur and the many varieties of automatic control derailleur, flexible production.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the novel two-gear transmission system of the electric automobile.

Fig. 2 is the overall structure and outline schematic diagram of the novel two-gear transmission of the electric automobile.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper half of the novel two-gear transmission housing of the electric vehicle.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the novel two-gear transmission shaft supporting frame of the electric vehicle.

In the figure: 1-motor, 2-coupling, 3-first gear driving gear, 4-first gear driven gear, 401-first gear driven gear one-way bearing, 5-second gear driving gear, 501-second gear driving gear needle roller bearing 6-second gear driven gear, 601-second gear driven gear one-way bearing, 7-second reverse gear synchronizer assembly, 71-second reverse gear synchronizer spline hub, 72-second reverse gear synchronizer clutch sleeve, 73-shift fork shaft, 74-shift fork, 75-shift pull rod, 76-manual shift rod, 8-reverse driving gear, 801-reverse driving gear needle roller bearing, 9-reverse driven gear, 10-first shaft, 101-first shaft front roller bearing, 102-first shaft rear rolling bearing, 11-reducer driving gear, 12-a reducer driven gear, 13-a drive axle, 14-a transmission shell upper half part, 15-a rotating shaft support frame, 16-a transmission shell upper half part, 17-a transmission shell fastening steel belt, 18-a fastening bolt, 20-a second shaft, 201-a second shaft front rolling bearing and 202-a second shaft rear rolling bearing;

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the following detailed description; it should be understood that the description is intended to be illustrative only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; for general purposes, the most common operating conditions are generally preferred, but it is not excluded that the direction is reversed, or inclined at an angle, etc.; moreover, in the following drawings and description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.

The novel two-speed transmission of the electric vehicle of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 4.

The utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile embodiment one:

as shown in fig. 1-4, the utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile includes derailleur housing system, derailleur gear drive system, derailleur shift system, derailleur gear drive system includes: the device comprises a first shaft 10, a second shaft 20, a first-gear driving gear 3, a first-gear driven gear 4, a second-gear driving gear 5, a second-gear driving gear needle roller bearing 501, a second-gear driven gear 6, a reducer driving gear 11, a reverse driving gear 8, a reverse driving gear needle roller bearing 801, a reverse driven gear 9, a second-gear synchronizer assembly 7, a one-way bearing 401 of the first-gear driven gear, a one-way bearing 601 of the second-gear driven gear, a front rolling bearing 101, a rear rolling bearing 102 and bearing seats and oil seal devices thereof of the first shaft, a rolling bearing 201, a rear rolling bearing 202 and bearing seats and oil seal devices thereof of the second;

the utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, transmission housing system includes: bearing frame support frame 15 of primary shaft 10 and secondary shaft 20, transmission casing latter half 16, transmission casing upper half 14, transmission casing fastening steel strip 17, the derailleur supporting legs characterized in that: the support frames 15 of the bearing seats of the first shaft 10 and the second shaft 20 are made of light high-strength metal materials, the lower half part 16 and the upper half part 14 of the transmission shell are made of light non-metal materials such as engineering plastics and the like, a reducer gear meshing window is reserved at the position of the lower half part 16 of the transmission housing or the upper half part 14 of the transmission housing or the rotating shaft supporting frame 15 corresponding to a reducer driving gear, grooves are arranged on matching surfaces of the rotating shaft supporting frame 15 corresponding to the lower half part 16 of the transmission housing and the upper half part 14 of the transmission housing, the upper edge of the lower half part 16 of the transmission housing and the lower edge of the upper half part 14 of the transmission housing are respectively embedded into the corresponding grooves, and a transmission housing fastening steel belt 17 is composed of two parts, the lower half part 16 and the upper half part 14 of the transmission shell are tightly pressed with the rotating shaft supporting frame 15 through a steel belt 17 fastened on the transmission shell; the upper end of the speed changer supporting leg is connected with the rotating shaft supporting frame 15 through a bolt, and the lower end of the speed changer supporting leg is fixedly connected with an elastic rubber block and is connected with the frame through a bolt.

The utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, the primary shaft 10 among the derailleur gear drive system is connected through shaft coupling 2 with 1 output shaft of motor, installs on the primary shaft 10: the first-gear driving gear 3, the second-gear driving gear 5, the reverse gear driving gear 8 and the second-gear synchronizer assembly 7, wherein the first-gear driving gear 3 is connected with an external spline on the first shaft 10 through an internal spline hole, the second-gear driving gear 5 and the reverse gear driving gear 8 are respectively installed on the first shaft 10 through

needle bearings

501 and 801 and are respectively located on two sides of the second-gear synchronizer assembly 7, the second-gear synchronizer assembly 7 comprises a synchronizer spline hub 71, a synchronizer joint sleeve 72, a second-gear synchronizing ring and a reverse gear synchronizing ring, the synchronizer spline hub 71 is fixedly connected on the external spline of the first shaft 10 through an internal spline, and two ends of the first shaft 10 are respectively supported in corresponding bearing seat holes of the transmission rotating shaft supporting frame 15 through

rolling ball bearings

101 and 102;

the utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, second shaft 20 among the derailleur gear drive system should epaxial install: the first-gear driven gear 4 is supported on a shaft neck of a second shaft 20 through a one-way bearing 401, the reducer driving gear and the reverse driven gear are respectively connected with an external spline on the second shaft through internal spline holes, the second-gear driven gear 6 is supported on the shaft neck of the second shaft 20 through a one-way bearing 601, and two ends of the second shaft 20 are respectively supported in corresponding bearing seat holes of a transmission rotating shaft supporting frame 15 through

rolling ball bearings

201 and 202;

the utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, one grade of driving gear 3 in the derailleur gear drive system with one grade of driven gear 4 constant mesh, reduction gear driving gear 11 meshes and outwards exports power with reduction gear driven gear 12, reverse gear driving gear 8 and reverse gear driven gear 9 constant mesh, reverse gear driving gear 8 and reverse gear driven gear 9 are in idle running state when not hanging the reverse gear; the second-gear driving gear 5 and the second-gear driven gear 6 are constantly meshed, when the second gear is not engaged, the second-gear driving gear 5 and the second-gear driven gear 6 are in an idle running state, the reverse gear transmission ratio is greater than the first gear transmission ratio, and the second gear transmission ratio is smaller than the first gear transmission ratio.

The utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, derailleur shift system includes: the gear shift fork 74, the gear shift fork shaft 73 and the self-locking positioning device and the gear shift operating device thereof are characterized in that: the gear shifting fork shaft 73 and a self-locking positioning device thereof are positioned on the upper half part 14 of the transmission shell, 3 self-locking positions are arranged on the gear shifting fork shaft 73 and respectively correspond to a second gear position, a middle position and a reverse gear position, the gear shifting fork 74 is fixed on the gear shifting fork shaft 73 through a positioning pin, and the gear shifting fork 74 is sleeved on the two reverse gear synchronizer clutch 72; when the vehicle is in first gear, the shift operating device causes the shift rail 73 to be in the neutral position, and the transmission is in first gear: the motor 1 rotates forwards, the first shaft 10 is driven to rotate forwards through the coupling 2, the first shaft 10 drives the first-gear driving gear 3 to rotate, the first-gear driving gear 3 drives the first-gear driven gear 4 to rotate, the one-way bearing 401 only enables the first-gear driven gear 4 to drive the second shaft 20 to rotate forwards, the second shaft 20 drives the reducer driving gear 11 to rotate forwards, and the reducer driving gear transmits power to the reducer driven gear 12 so as to transmit the power to the drive axle 13; the second reverse gear synchronizer assembly 7 is driven to idle while the first shaft 10 rotates in the positive direction, the

reverse gears

8 and 9 are driven to idle in the positive direction while the second shaft 20 rotates in the positive direction, the second shaft 20 cannot drive the second driven gear 6 to rotate due to the action of the one-way bearing 601, and the second driving gear 5 and the second driven gear 6 are in a stop state.

When the vehicle is in the second gear, the gear shift operating device makes the gear shift fork shaft 73 located at the second gear position, and at this time, the gear shift fork 74 pushes the engaging sleeve 72 in the second reverse gear synchronizer assembly 7 to engage with the second gear driving gear 5, so as to realize the second gear (high gear) transmission state, and the power transmission route is: motor 1 → coupling 2 → first shaft 10 → second reverse synchronizer spline hub 71 → second reverse synchronizer engaging sleeve 72 → second gear driving gear 5 → second gear driven gear 6 → one-way bearing 601 → second shaft 20 → reducer driving gear 11 → reducer driven gear 12 → driving bridge 13, and the power transmission route is: the first shaft 10 → the first gear driving gear 3 → the first gear driven gear 4, because the second gear transmission ratio is smaller than the first gear transmission ratio, the rotating speed of the second gear driven gear 6 is higher than the rotating speed of the first gear driven gear 4, so the rotating speed of the second shaft 20 is higher than the rotating speed of the first gear driven gear 4, at this time, the one-way bearing 401 enables the first gear driven gear 4 to idle in the forward direction, namely, the first gear is in an idle running state, thereby avoiding the mutual motion interference between the first gear and the second gear; when the vehicle is going to return to the first gear, the gear shifting control device enables the gear shifting fork shaft 73 to return to the middle position, the gear shifting fork 74 pushes the engaging sleeve 71 in the second reverse gear synchronizer assembly 7 to be disengaged from the second driving gear 5, so that the second power transmission path is cut off, the second driven gear 6 stops rotating, and power is transmitted to the drive axle according to the first power transmission path;

when the vehicle is in reverse gear, the gear shift operating device pushes the gear shift fork shaft 73 to be located at the reverse gear position, at this time, the engaging sleeve 72 in the two-reverse gear synchronizer assembly 7 is engaged with the reverse gear driving gear 8, the motor 1 rotates reversely, the vehicle is in the reverse gear state, and the power transmission route is as follows: the motor 1 rotates reversely → the shaft coupling 2 → the first shaft 10 rotates reversely → the second reverse synchronizer spline hub 71 → the second reverse synchronizer engaging sleeve 72 → the reverse driving gear 8 → the reverse driven gear 9 → the second shaft 20 rotates reversely → the reducer driving gear 11 rotates reversely → the reducer driven gear 12 → the drive axle 13, when the second shaft 20 rotates reversely, the one-way bearing 601 drives the second driven gear 6 to idle reversely → the second driving gear 5 to idle reversely, simultaneously, the first shaft 10 also drives the first driving gear 3 to rotate reversely → the first driven gear 4 to rotate reversely, because the reverse rotation speed of the second shaft 20 is lower than that of the first driven gear 4, the first driven gear 4 slips and idles reversely under the action of the one-way bearing 401, and the first gear and the reverse gear are prevented from interfering with each other.

When the shift fork shaft 73 is at the middle position and the motor control pedal is in the released state, the vehicle is in the neutral state, at this time, the rotation is stopped due to the power failure of the motor 1, the first shaft 10 stops rotating → the first gear driving gear 3 → the first gear driven gear 4 stops rotating, the second shaft 20 slides with the first gear driven gear 4 under the action of the one-way bearing 401, and the reducer driven gear 12 → the reducer driving gear 11 → the second shaft 20 idles under the action of the inertia of the vehicle.

The utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile can the direct mount on transaxle case, and reduction gear driving gear 11 in the derailleur meshes with reduction gear driven gear 12 in the transaxle mutually, with power transmission to transaxle 13.

The utility model discloses a novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile embodiment two:

the utility model discloses a reduction gear driving gear 11 in the novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile can cancel the derailleur, directly with secondary shaft 20 extension to stretch out outside the first half 14 of gearbox housing, secondary shaft 20 stretches out the one end outside the first half 14 of gearbox housing and passes through the universal joint and link to each other with the transmission shaft, and derailleur power passes through derailleur secondary shaft 20, the transmission shaft transmits the transaxle.

The utility model discloses a transmission shift system embodiment is three among the novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile:

a shift operating device in a transmission shift system includes: the manual shift lever 76 and the shift cable or pull rod 75, the manual shift lever 76 is connected with the shift fork shaft 73 through the cable or pull rod 75, when shifting, the manual shift lever 76 is operated back and forth to form pulling force and pushing force on the shift fork shaft 73, the shift fork shaft 73 moves back and forth, and therefore the shift control of the transmission is achieved.

The utility model discloses a transmission shift system embodiment is four among the novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile:

a shift operating device in a transmission shift system includes: the gear shift control system comprises a gear shift control motor and an ECU for gear shift control, wherein the rotation direction, the rotation tooth number and the rotation time of the gear shift control motor are controlled by the ECU for gear shift control, a gear shift gear is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the gear shift control motor, a section of a gear shift fork shaft extending out of a transmission shell is provided with a gear shift rack, the gear shift gear is meshed with the gear shift rack on the gear shift fork shaft, the ECU for gear shift control outputs control instructions to a power motor and the gear shift control motor according to parameters such as the vehicle running speed, the power motor rotating speed, the power motor torque and the opening degree of a control pedal of the power motor, the gear shift control motor rotates timely to drive the gear shift fork shaft.

The utility model discloses a transmission shift system embodiment is five among the novel two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile:

a shift operating device in a transmission shift system includes: the electronic control gear shifting device comprises an electromagnetic control gear shifting device, an ECU for gear shifting control, and a gear shifting fork shaft position sensor, wherein the ECU for gear shifting control outputs control instructions to the power motor and the electromagnetic control gear shifting device according to parameters such as vehicle running speed, power motor rotating speed, power motor torque, opening degree of a power motor control pedal and the like, and controls the size, direction and time of the electrified current of the electromagnetic control gear shifting device, so that the electromagnetic control gear shifting device generates electromagnetic acting force on the gear shifting fork shaft to drive the gear shifting fork shaft to move, and gear shifting of the transmission is realized.

It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. An electric automobile one-way bearing type two-gear transmission comprises a transmission housing system, a transmission gear transmission system and a transmission gear shifting system, wherein the transmission gear transmission system comprises: the device comprises a first shaft (10), a second shaft (20), a first-gear driving gear (3), a first-gear driven gear (4), a second-gear driving gear (5), a second-gear driving gear needle roller bearing (501), a second-gear driven gear (6), a speed reducer driving gear (11), a reverse gear driving gear (8), a reverse gear driving gear needle roller bearing (801), a reverse gear driven gear (9), a second reverse gear synchronizer assembly (7), a one-way bearing (401) of the first-gear driven gear and a one-way bearing (601) of the second-gear driven gear;

the first shaft (10) is connected with an output shaft of the motor (1) through a coupler (2), a first gear driving gear (3), a second gear driving gear (5), a reverse gear driving gear (8) and a second reverse gear synchronizer assembly (7) are fixedly arranged on the first shaft (10), wherein the first gear driving gear (3) is connected with the first shaft (10) in a sliding way through a spline, the second gear driving gear (5) and the reverse gear driving gear (8) are respectively arranged on the first shaft (10) through a second gear driving gear needle roller bearing (501) and a reverse gear driving gear needle roller bearing (801), the two reverse gear synchronizer assemblies (7) comprise synchronizer spline hubs (71) and synchronizer joint sleeves (72), the synchronizer spline hubs (71) are fixedly connected to the first shaft (10), and two ends of the first shaft (10) are respectively supported through rolling bearings;

the first-gear driven gear (4), the reducer driving gear (11), the second-gear driven gear (6) and the reverse gear driven gear (9) are mounted on the second shaft (20), the first-gear driven gear (4) is supported and mounted on a shaft neck of the second shaft (20) through a one-way bearing (401) of the first-gear driven gear, the reducer driving gear (11) and the reverse gear driven gear (9) are fixedly connected with the second shaft (20) through splines respectively, the second-gear driven gear (6) is supported and mounted on the second shaft (20) through a one-way bearing (601) of the second-gear driven gear, and two ends of the second shaft (20) are supported through rolling bearings respectively;

when the motor (1) rotates forwards and the first-gear driven gear (4) is higher than the rotating speed of the second shaft (20), the one-way bearing (401) of the first-gear driven gear is connected with the second shaft (20), otherwise, the one-way bearing is separated; when the motor (1) rotates forwards and the second-gear driven gear (6) is higher than the rotating speed of the second shaft (20), the one-way bearing (601) of the second-gear driven gear is connected with the second shaft (20), otherwise, the two-gear driven gear is separated; when the motor (1) rotates reversely, when the first-gear driven gear (4) is higher than the rotating speed of the second shaft (20), the one-way bearing (401) of the first-gear driven gear is separated from the second shaft (20), otherwise, the first-gear driven gear is engaged; when the motor (1) rotates reversely, when the second-gear driven gear (6) is higher than the rotating speed of the second shaft (20), the one-way bearing (601) of the second-gear driven gear is separated from the second shaft (20), otherwise, the two-gear driven gear is engaged;

the speed reducer driving gear (11) is meshed with the speed reducer driven gear (12), the first gear driving gear (3) is normally meshed with the first gear driven gear (4), and when the motor (1) is electrified to rotate forwards, the synchronizer clutch sleeve (72) is not connected with the reverse gear driving gear (8) and the second gear driving gear (5), namely the first gear; the second-gear driving gear (5) is normally meshed with the second-gear driven gear (6), when the second gear is engaged, the motor (1) is electrified to rotate positively, and the synchronizer clutch sleeve (72) is connected with the second-gear driving gear (5); the reverse gear driving gear (8) is normally meshed with the reverse gear driven gear (9), when the reverse gear is engaged, the motor (1) is electrified and reversely rotated, and the synchronizer clutch sleeve (72) is connected with the reverse gear driving gear (8); the gear ratio of the reverse gear is larger than that of the first gear, and the gear ratio of the second gear is smaller than that of the first gear;

the first shaft (10) and the second shaft (20) are arranged in a transmission shell system, the transmission shell system is used for supporting the first shaft (10) and the second shaft (20), and the transmission gear shifting system is used for realizing the shifting of meshing gears with different gears.

2. The one-way bearing type two-speed transmission of the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transmission shell system comprises a rotating shaft supporting frame (15), a transmission shell lower half part (16), a transmission shell upper half part (14), a transmission shell fastening steel belt (17) and transmission supporting legs, wherein the rotating shaft supporting frame (15) is made of a light metal material, the transmission shell lower half part (16) and the transmission shell upper half part (14) are made of a light non-metal material, a speed reducer gear meshing window (151) is reserved at the position, corresponding to a speed reducer driving gear, of the transmission shell lower half part (16) or the transmission shell upper half part (14) or the rotating shaft supporting frame (15), grooves are formed in joint surfaces corresponding to the transmission shell lower half part (16) and the transmission shell upper half part (14) on the rotating shaft supporting frame (15), the transmission shell upper half part (14) and the transmission shell lower half part (16) are respectively located on the rotating shaft supporting frame (15), The edges of the upper half part (14) of the transmission shell and the lower half part (16) of the transmission shell are respectively embedded into the corresponding grooves of the rotating shaft supporting frame (15), the transmission shell fastening steel belt (17) consists of two parts and is connected through a bolt (18), and the lower half part (16) of the transmission shell and the upper half part (14) of the transmission shell are tightly pressed with the rotating shaft supporting frame (15) through the transmission shell fastening steel belt (17); the upper end of the supporting leg of the speed changer is connected with the supporting frame of the rotating shaft through a bolt, and the lower end of the supporting leg of the speed changer is fixedly connected with an elastic rubber block and is connected with the frame through a bolt.

3. The one-way bearing type two-speed transmission of the electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the transmission shifting system includes: the shift fork (74), the shift fork shaft (73) and its auto-lock positioner, gear shift operating device, the shift fork shaft (73) and its auto-lock positioner are installed on the upper half (14) of the speed change gear shell, there are three auto-lock positions on the shift fork shaft (73), correspond to second gear position, intermediate position and reverse gear position separately, the shift fork (74) is fixed on the shift fork shaft (73) through the locating pin, the shift fork (74) loop is on two reverse gear synchronizer clutch sleeves (72); when the one-way bearing type two-gear transmission of the electric automobile is in a first gear, the gear-shifting control device enables a gear-shifting fork shaft (73) to be located at the middle position, and the transmission is in a first gear state at the moment; when the vehicle is in a second gear, the gear shifting control device enables the gear shifting fork shaft (73) to be located at a second gear position, and at the moment, the gear shifting fork (74) pushes a second reverse gear synchronizer engaging sleeve (72) in a second reverse gear synchronizer assembly (7) to be engaged with a second gear driving gear (5) to realize second gear transmission; when the one-way bearing type two-gear transmission of the electric automobile is to return to a first gear state, the gear shifting control device enables a gear shifting fork shaft (73) to return to a middle position, and a gear shifting fork (74) pushes a second reverse gear synchronizer engaging sleeve (72) in a second reverse gear synchronizer assembly (7) to be disengaged from a second gear driving gear (5); when the vehicle is in reverse gear, the gear shifting control device pushes the gear shifting fork shaft (73) to be located at a reverse gear position, at the moment, a second reverse gear synchronizer engaging sleeve (72) in a second reverse gear synchronizer assembly (7) is engaged with a reverse gear driving gear (8), and at the moment, when a motor is in a reverse rotation state, the vehicle is in a reverse gear state; when the gear shifting fork shaft (73) is in the middle position and the motor (1) is in a power-off state, the vehicle is in a neutral state.

4. The one-way bearing type two-speed transmission of the electric vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the gear shifting operating device operates the gear shifting fork shaft (73) to move to a second gear position, a middle position and a reverse gear position, the gear shifting fork shaft (73) is moved by operating a manual gear shifting rod (76) through a pull rope or a pull rod (75), or the gear shifting fork shaft (73) is moved by using a gear shifting control motor, or the gear shifting fork shaft (73) is moved by using a gear shifting control electromagnetic device.

5. The one-way bearing type two-speed transmission of the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transmission is directly installed on a drive axle housing, and a reducer driving gear (11) in the one-way bearing type two-gear transmission of the electric automobile is meshed with a reducer driven gear (12) in a drive axle (13) to transmit power to the drive axle (13).

6. The one-way bearing type two-speed transmission of the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the driving gear (11) of the speed reducer is removed, the second shaft (20) extends out of a rotating shaft supporting frame (15) of the one-way bearing type two-gear speed changer of the electric automobile and is connected with the transmission shaft through a universal joint, and the transmission shaft transmits power to the drive axle.