CN210648516U

CN210648516U - Spindle box, spindle structure and machine tool

Info

Publication number: CN210648516U
Application number: CN201920700556.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王愉克; 魏雯慧
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-05-16
Filing date: 2019-05-16
Publication date: 2020-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-16

Abstract

The utility model discloses a main shaft structure, which comprises a main shaft and a main shaft box arranged on a machine tool; the headstock include box (1) and two installation pieces (2) that set up respectively in box (1) both sides, open along its length direction on box (1) and have the main shaft cover hole that runs through its both ends, installation piece (2) including horizontal fixed block (3) and vertical fixed block (4), on horizontal fixed block (3) were fixed in box (1), the top of vertical fixed block (4) was connected with the lower surface of horizontal fixed block (3), left the clearance between one side that vertical fixed block (4) were close to box (1) and box (1), the bottom of vertical fixed block (4) is used for installing on the lathe and prop up box (1) and make and form the clearance between box (1) bottom and lathe. The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses when processing the work piece, the center of main shaft structure (work piece height promptly) changes for a short time, and the precision of work piece processing is high.

Description

Spindle box, spindle structure and machine tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a headstock, main shaft structure and lathe belongs to the machining equipment field.

Background

The machine tool is a common tool in machining, a main shaft of the machine tool rotates at a high speed of 8000rad/s in the running process of the machine tool, the main shaft of the machine tool generates heat due to mutual friction between parts in the main shaft of the machine tool and parts matched with the main shaft of the machine tool, the main shaft of the machine tool generates heat due to energization of a stator or a rotor of the main shaft, the temperature of a contact part of a cutter and a workpiece is extremely high when the cutter processes the workpiece on the machine tool, the high temperature can be transmitted into the main shaft through the workpiece, and the parts in the main shaft are deformed due to thermal expansion and cold contraction by combining the heat generated by the friction in the main shaft and the energization.

The existing machine tool spindle comprises a spindle box and a spindle, wherein the spindle is arranged in the spindle box, the lower surface of the spindle box is a whole plane, when the spindle and the spindle box are installed, the lower surface of the spindle box is directly arranged on a machine tool body or a spindle sliding plate, for example, the spindle box disclosed in document 1 and the spindle box disclosed in document 2 are heated, when the spindle and the spindle box expand towards the periphery, the bottom of the spindle box is directly supported by the machine tool body or the spindle sliding plate, the whole spindle box and the spindle are lifted upwards, so that the center of the spindle box and the center of the spindle move upwards, a workpiece is clamped on the spindle, the center line of the workpiece is superposed with the center line of the spindle, the upward movement of the center line of the spindle inevitably causes the upward movement of the center line of the workpiece. If the tool is located right above the workpiece, for example, the main shaft of the machine tool is raised by 1 wire (1 wire =0.01 mm) due to the thermal expansion of the height of the center of the main shaft, and the tool is located above the bar, and the height of the tool does not change along with the thermal expansion of the main shaft, the diameter of the bar machined by the tool is reduced by 2 wires when the outer diameter is lathed, and the possible expansion of the rest mechanism (such as a screw rod) of the machine tool causes the whole tool to descend, so that the error of the machined workpiece is larger, and if the tool is located on the side of the workpiece, the upward movement of the central line of the workpiece also reduces the machining precision of the workpiece, which obviously.

Regarding the problem that the machining precision of a workpiece is reduced due to the fact that a central line of a machine tool spindle moves upwards due to thermal expansion, the existing solutions are as follows:

the structure of the machine tool is the same as that of a conventional machine tool like a machine tool in Japan and Switzerland, the machine tool is made of special materials, the expansion of a main shaft and a main shaft box caused by the temperature rise is reduced, the upward movement amount of the center of the main shaft is reduced, the mode has the advantages that the requirement on the manufacturing materials of the main shaft is high, the manufacturing cost of the main shaft of the machine tool is increased, on the other hand, the heat rise caused by friction heat generation and electrification is inevitable, the main shaft and the main shaft box of the machine tool are only slightly better than that of the conventional machine tool, the main shaft and the main shaft box of the machine tool can move upwards.

Another way to solve the problem of the upward movement of the center of the spindle is a high-mount cooling system, such as a lathe electric spindle disclosed in document 3, in which a water jacket is provided in a housing, a water cooling groove for cooling a stator is provided on an outer circumferential surface of the water jacket contacting the housing, a pair of seal rings are provided on outer circumferences of the water jacket near both ends, respectively, a leakage groove is further provided on each seal ring, and a leakage hole connected to the leakage groove is provided on the housing. The spindle with the structure is complex in structure, grooving and the like increase the manufacturing difficulty of the spindle and improve the manufacturing cost of the spindle, and on the other hand, the strength of the spindle is inevitably reduced correspondingly due to the grooving.

Document 1: chinese utility model patent with publication number CN 208680614U.

Document 2: chinese utility model patent with publication number CN 207746421U.

Document 3: the Chinese patent application publication No. CN 101596605A.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a headstock solves among the prior art main shaft that the lathe is used for the centre gripping work piece and causes the poor technical defect of part machining precision because the heat expands.

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal: the utility model provides a main shaft box, includes box and two installation pieces that set up respectively in the box both sides, the box on open along its length direction and run through its both ends and be used for installing the main shaft cover hole, the bottom of installation piece be used for connecting make on the installation thing main shaft box and installation thing between form the clearance. The utility model provides a main shaft cover is downthehole to be used for installing the main shaft, and the main shaft is because friction and circular telegram between each part and when the themogenesis is to expanding all around, to extruding the headstock all around, the headstock is also to expanding all around, and the utility model discloses well headstock bottom has the clearance, and the headstock is when the inflation, and the bottom can not upwards be lifted by the lathe, and the main shaft cover is downthehole with the axis position that is used for installing the main shaft at the main shaft basically unchangeable, and the central line position of the work piece that the main shaft was held keeps unchangeably basically, has improved the precision of work.

As the utility model discloses a further improvement, the installation piece include horizontal fixed block and vertical fixed block, horizontal fixed block be fixed in on the box, the top of vertical fixed block is connected with the lower surface of horizontal fixed block, one side that vertical fixed block is close to the box leaves the clearance with between the box, the bottom of vertical fixed block be used for installing on the lathe and prop up the box and make and form the clearance between box and installation thing. The utility model provides a headstock is except being connected with horizontal fixed block, and all the other parts all are not supported by the lathe, and headstock and main shaft have the space that can supply its inflation when expanding all around, and further reduction headstock is by the possibility that upwards lifts up.

As the utility model discloses a further improvement, horizontal fixed block and vertical fixed block be split type structure, horizontal fixed block detachable installs the top at vertical fixed block. The utility model provides a horizontal fixed block and vertical fixed block detachable installation make things convenient for the manufacturing of box.

As a further improvement of the utility model, horizontal fixed block and vertical fixed block integrated into one piece. The utility model discloses the installation piece of well integral type reduces the error that arouses because the parts machining assembly.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the installation object be the main shaft slide, the bottom of vertical fixed block is installed on the main shaft slide. The utility model discloses set up the main shaft slide, can slide the headstock and set up on the lathe bed, realize that the headstock slides on the lathe bed.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the distance between the lower surface of the horizontal installation block and the central line of the spindle sleeve hole is less than or equal to 30 mm. The utility model discloses the error of well work piece processing is little, and the precision is high and reduce the manufacturing degree of difficulty of box, and when above-mentioned distance was zero, the main shaft was when the inflation, and the central line change of main shaft trepanning was zero basically, and the error of work piece processing is minimum, and the precision is the highest.

Another object of the utility model is to provide a main shaft structure, including headstock and installing the main shaft in the main shaft cover hole, the main shaft includes chuck, clamp cover, jack catch, claw seat and from interior and the ejector pin, axle sleeve, rotor and the stator of establishing of outer cover in proper order, the stator install in the main shaft cover hole keep static with the box, the relative stator of rotor rotates, axle sleeve and rotor tight fit installation, the ejector pin can be in the axle sleeve axial displacement, the clamp cover sets up in the axle sleeve and can promote axial motion by the ejector pin, the chuck cooperatees with the clamp cover and presss from both sides the cover and make the chuck shrink with chuck relative motion and be used for pressing from both sides tight work piece, the tip of axle sleeve is provided with the clamp cover mounting that is used for fixed chuck, the jack catch rotates with the claw seat that is located the one. The main shaft box in the utility model is supported by the mounting blocks at two sides, when the main shaft expands due to friction, heat generated by the stator or the rotor due to electrification and frictional heat generated between all parts of the main shaft, the whole main shaft and the box body expand all around, and gaps are left at the bottom of the box body and all around except the mounting surface, no other objects lift up the expanded box body upwards, so that the positions of the central lines of the box body and the main shaft are ensured to be basically unchanged, namely the position of a workpiece clamped by the main shaft is basically unchanged, and the processing precision of the workpiece is ensured; the utility model discloses a bottom half does not reserve out the space for its inflation with the mode of lathe contact, avoids the work piece to move upwards, compares in adopting special material to make box and main shaft, has not only reduced the requirement of material, compares and sets up cooling system in prior art, the utility model discloses the structure of main shaft and headstock is simpler, and intensity does not receive the influence because of seting up the cooling bath, reduces the manufacturing cost of whole main shaft structure, moreover the utility model discloses the precision of processing work piece is higher, the utility model discloses well main shaft's center is unchangeable basically, consequently before processing the work piece, does not need the heat engine, and the rotation of main shaft is realized with the rotor cooperation to stator in this application, and the chuck cooperatees with pressing from both sides the cover for the centre gripping or loosen the work piece, the work piece along with the synchronous rotation of rotor and with the processing of the cutter cooperation.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the end of the main shaft box far away from the chuck is provided with a switching mechanism for driving the jaw to rotate. The utility model discloses set up switching mechanism, rotate through switching mechanism drive jack catch, realize that the chuck presss from both sides tightly or loosen the work piece.

The third purpose of the utility model is to provide a machine tool, solve the poor technical defect of current machine tool machining part precision. The utility model provides a technical scheme of above-mentioned problem is: a machine tool comprises a machine tool body, a tool rest structure and a main shaft structure, wherein the tool rest structure and the main shaft structure are both arranged on the machine tool body, a chuck is positioned on one side close to the tool rest structure, and a cutter is arranged on the tool rest structure and used for machining a workpiece clamped by the main shaft structure. The utility model discloses in through the improvement of main shaft structure, reduce the altitude variation that the work piece was sent because the main shaft structure inflation, improve the machining precision of work piece.

The utility model provides a scheme of another kind of lathe that work piece machining precision is low is: the utility model provides a machine tool, includes lathe bed, tool rest structure and two main shaft structures, tool rest structure and main shaft structure all install on the lathe bed and two main shaft structures install respectively in the both sides of tool rest structure, the chuck be located the one side that is close to the tool rest structure, the tool rest structure on install the cutter and be used for processing the work piece that main shaft structure centre gripping.

To sum up, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the utility model discloses when processing the work piece, the center of main shaft structure (work piece height promptly) changes for a short time, and the precision of work piece processing is high.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a central spindle box according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of another angle of the spindle box of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the main shaft structure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the main shaft structure of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of another angle of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective exploded view of the spindle structure of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the spindle structure of the present invention in which the mounting block and the spindle sliding plate are integrated.

Fig. 9 is a front view of the main shaft structure of the middle mounting block and the main shaft sliding plate of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a left side view of the machine tool of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the machine tool of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. a box body; 2. mounting blocks; 3. a horizontal fixed block; 4. a vertical fixing block; 5. a chuck; 6. a jacket; 7. a claw; 8. a claw seat; 9. a top rod; 10. a shaft sleeve; 11. a rotor; 12. a stator; 13. a support section; 14. a connecting section; 15. an installation section; 16. a groove; 17. pushing a ring; 18. a spring; 19. a machine tool body; 20. a tool holder structure; 21. an opening and closing mechanism; 22. opening and closing the air cylinder; 23. punching a cutter handle; 24. a sliding sleeve; 25. an upper shank unit; 26. a lower blade holder unit; 27. a connection unit; 28. a connecting pin; 29. a connecting member; 30. a sliding sleeve bearing; 31. an upper sliding sleeve push pin; 32. a lower sliding sleeve push pin; 33. a gap; 34. main shaft slide.

Detailed Description

The following description will further describe embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

The embodiment discloses a spindle box, as shown in fig. 1-7, comprising a box body 1 and two mounting blocks 2 respectively arranged at two sides of the box body 1, the box body 1 is provided with a main shaft sleeve hole penetrating through two ends along the length direction, the mounting block 2 comprises a horizontal fixing block 3 and a vertical fixing block 4, the horizontal fixed block 3 is fixed on the box body 1, the horizontal fixed block 3 and the box body 1 are integrally formed, the top of the vertical fixed block 4 is connected with the lower surface of the horizontal fixed block 3, a gap is left between one side of the vertical fixed block 4 close to the box body 1 and the box body 1, the bottom of the vertical fixed block 4 is used for being mounted on a mounting object and supporting the box body 1 to enable a gap 33 to be formed between the bottom of the box body 1 and the mounting object (such as a machine tool body or a spindle sliding plate 34, the preferred mounting object in the utility model is the spindle sliding plate 34); the utility model discloses in horizontal fixed block 3 be split type structure with vertical fixed block 4, the top at vertical fixed block 4 is installed to 3 detachable of horizontal fixed block, the utility model discloses it has a plurality of installation through-holes that run through from top to bottom to open on horizontal fixed block, the top of vertical fixed block 4 open and to have the screw hole (not shown in the figure) that quantity and installation through-hole equal, horizontal fixed block 3 adopt pass the installation through-hole and install the top at vertical fixed block 4 with screw hole threaded connection's bolt detachable.

Vertical fixed block 4 include integrated into one piece's support section 13, linkage segment 14 and erection segment 15, the top and the bottom of linkage segment 14 be connected with the bottom of support section 13 and the top of erection segment 15 respectively, and the width of support section 13 is less than the width at linkage segment 14 top, the utility model discloses well width of support section 13 is less than horizontal fixed block 3's width, when installing horizontal fixed block 3 at vertical fixed block 4 top, horizontal fixed block 3 keeps away from the vertical surface of box 1 one side and the surface that supports one side that section 13 kept away from box 1 lie in same vertical plane, so support section 13 is close to one side and box 1 contactless of box 1, forms the clearance between vertical fixed block 4 and the box 1, and the clearance between box 1 bottom and the lathe is decided by the height of vertical fixed block 4, the width in the utility model means on the horizontal plane with be used for installing the vertical fixed block in the central line direction vertically direction of the main shaft in the spindle trepanning, the vertical fixed block is in the direction 4, length value.

The utility model discloses 1 top undercut of box form a plurality of recesses 16 that are used for the radiating, increase the surface area at 1 top of box, be convenient for its heat dissipation to open at the top of box 1 has a plurality ofly and the communicating main shaft mounting hole of main shaft trepanning, adopt install in the main shaft mounting hole and can fix the main shaft downthehole at the main shaft trepanning with installing main shaft matched with bolt in the main shaft trepanning.

The utility model discloses preferred installation piece 2 of box 1 both sides is the symmetry setting, and the lower surface of two horizontal fixed block 3 is the horizontal plane, wherein the lower surface of two horizontal fixed block 3 can the coplane, also can the heterofacial (the heterofacial means that the lower surface of two horizontal fixed block 3 is located two upper and lower parallel planes), wherein the distance of horizontal fixed block 3 lower surface and the central line that is used for installing the main shaft in the spindle sleeve hole is less than or equal to 30mm, namely the central line that is used for installing the main shaft in the spindle sleeve hole can be located the top or below 30mm of horizontal fixed block 3 lower surface (the utility model discloses because the lower surface of horizontal fixed block 3 is preferred to be the horizontal plane, the central line of the main shaft of installing in the spindle sleeve hole is horizontal straight line, arbitrarily get a point on the central line of main shaft, this point makes the plumb line with horizontal fixed block 3, the length of this plumb line is, the best scheme of the embodiment is that the distance between the center line of the spindle installed in the spindle sleeve hole and the lower surface of the horizontal fixing block 3 is zero, that is, the center line of the spindle installed in the spindle sleeve hole and the lower surfaces of the two horizontal installation blocks 2 are located on the same horizontal plane. In this embodiment, the lower surface of the horizontal fixing block 3 may have other shapes, such as an inclined surface, an arc surface, or other irregular curved surface, as long as the top of the vertical fixing block 4 can be matched with the lower surface of the horizontal fixing block 3.

In the utility model, when the spindle arranged in the spindle sleeve hole of the spindle box 1 is subjected to heat generation due to rotation friction or spindle electrification or heat generated when a tool is used for processing a workpiece clamped by the spindle and is transferred into the spindle to enable the spindle to expand around along the radial direction, the spindle box 1 and the spindle expand simultaneously, and a gap is left between the spindle box 1 and an installation object, and the bottom of the spindle box 1 is unsupported, so that the spindle box 1 has a downward expansion space and cannot be upwards supported and lifted by the installation object, thereby reducing the change of the position of the central line of the spindle, when the central line of the spindle arranged in the spindle sleeve hole and the lower surfaces of two horizontal installation blocks 2 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the position of the central line of the spindle arranged in the spindle sleeve hole basically cannot be changed due to the expansion of the spindle, and the center of the workpiece clamped by the spindle arranged in the spindle, the machining precision of the workpiece is improved.

The utility model reduces the change of the central line of the main shaft in the hole of the main shaft sleeve caused by the expansion of the main shaft box and the main shaft arranged in the hole of the main shaft sleeve, therefore, the utility model can reduce the requirement of the material for manufacturing the main shaft and the main shaft box, especially the requirement of the material of the main shaft stator and the rotor, like the structure of the main shaft box in the prior art, the main shaft is made of better material, the main shaft and the main shaft box expand 1 wire due to the expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold, the center of the main shaft then improves 1 wire upwards, when the cutter rounds the outer circle of the workpiece above the workpiece, the diameter ratio of the workpiece is smaller than 2 wires actually required, the main shaft structure of the utility model adopts the material with slightly poorer performance, for example, expand 3 wires due to the expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold, the main shaft expands 1.5 wires upwards and downwards, and the center of the main shaft actually upwards may, although the spindle and the spindle box are expanded by a larger amount by adopting poorer materials, the center of the spindle moves by a smaller amount, and the processed workpiece has higher precision.

Example 2

The embodiment discloses a spindle structure, which comprises a spindle and a spindle box body as described in embodiment 1, wherein the spindle in the present invention comprises a chuck 5, a jacket 6, a jaw 7, a jaw seat 8, and a mandrel 9, a shaft sleeve 10, a rotor 11 and a stator 12 which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the mandrel 9 is provided with a workpiece through hole for placing a workpiece along the axial direction thereof, the stator 12 is installed in the spindle sleeve hole and is kept static with the box body 1, as described in embodiment 1, the top of the stator 12 is connected with a bolt thread located in the spindle installation hole to fix the stator 12 and the box body 1, the rotor 11 rotates relative to the stator 12, the shaft sleeve 10 and the rotor 11 are tightly installed, the mandrel 9 can axially move in the shaft sleeve 10, the jacket 6 is arranged in the shaft sleeve 10 and can be pushed to axially move by the mandrel 9, the chuck 5 is matched with the jacket 6, and the chuck 5 can contract to clamp the workpiece by the relative movement of the chuck 6 and the chuck 5, the end part of the shaft sleeve 10 is provided with a jacket fixing part for fixing the chuck 5, the jacket fixing part is preferably a jacket nut, the jacket nut and the outer surface of the shaft sleeve 10 are installed together through a thread pair, the end part of the jacket nut is a circular hole matched with the chuck 5, and the front end of the chuck 5 is arranged in the circular hole at the front end of the jacket nut to fix the chuck 5. The claw seat 8 is symmetrically provided with an upper through groove and a lower through groove along the axial direction of the claw seat, the claw is L-shaped, the front end and the rear end of the claw are respectively provided with a free end and a transmission end, the claw 7 is rotatably arranged in the through grooves, and the transmission end ejector rod 9 moves axially.

The utility model discloses the one end of keeping away from the chuck on the headstock is provided with closing mechanism 21 and is used for driving the jack catch and rotates. Opening and closing mechanism 21 include opening and closing cylinder 22, beat handle of a knife 23 and sliding sleeve 24, opening and closing cylinder 22's cylinder body install on box 1, beat handle of a knife 23 include handle of a knife unit 25, lower handle of a knife unit 26 and linkage unit 27, linkage unit 27's top and bottom connect respectively and connect handle of a knife unit 25 and lower handle of a knife unit 26's one end, make whole beat also the handle be "C" font, wherein go up handle of a knife unit 25 and lower handle of a knife unit 26 and keep away from linkage unit 27 one end and headstock and adopt connecting pin 28 to rotate and be connected, beat handle of a knife 23 one side that is located linkage unit 27 and be connected with opening and closing cylinder 22's piston rod rotation, opening and closing cylinder 22's handle of a knife extension and shrink drive beat 23 and rotate round connecting pin 28 and be used for driving the sliding sleeve 24 axial displacement on axle sleeve 10. The utility model discloses in one side of keeping away from the round pin at coupling unit 27 is provided with connecting piece 29, connecting piece 29 be "C" font, switching cylinder 22's piston rod be located connecting piece 29 to adopt the rotating pin to rotate with connecting piece 29 and be connected, the utility model discloses preferred connecting piece 29, last handle of a knife unit 25, lower handle of a knife unit 26 and coupling unit 27 integrated into one piece make in order to ensure its intensity.

In the utility model, the sliding sleeve 24 and the shaft sleeve 10 rotate synchronously, the sliding sleeve 24 is provided with the sliding sleeve bearing 30, the inner ring of the sliding sleeve bearing 30 is in interference fit with the outer surface of the sliding sleeve 24, the upper handle unit 25 and the lower handle unit 26 are respectively provided with an upper through hole (not shown in the figure) and a lower through hole (not shown in the figure), the upper through hole and the lower through hole are respectively provided with an upper sliding sleeve promotion pin 31 and a lower sliding sleeve promotion pin 32, the upper sliding sleeve promotion pin 31 comprises a first promotion unit and a second promotion unit, the first promotion unit and the second promotion unit are both cylindrical, the first promotion unit and the diameter are smaller than the diameter of the second promotion unit, the second promotion unit is superposed with the central line of the first promotion unit, one side of the second promotion unit, which is far away from the first promotion unit, is provided with a clamping groove which runs through the two sides of the first promotion unit, the upper part of the outer ring of the, the first pushing pin unit is positioned in the upper through hole, and the preferred first pushing pin unit of the utility model is tightly matched and installed with the upper through hole; the utility model provides a structure that lower sliding sleeve promoted 32 is the same with the structure that upper sliding sleeve promoted 31, and lower sliding sleeve promoted 32 and installs in the lower through-hole for block the lower part of sliding sleeve bearing 30 outer lane. When the piston rod of the opening and closing cylinder 22 extends, the tool holder 23 is pushed towards the direction far away from the chuck 5, the upper sliding sleeve push pin 31 and the lower sliding sleeve push pin 32 on the tool holder 23 push the sliding sleeve bearing 30 and the sliding sleeve 24 together towards the direction far away from the chuck 5, the claw 7 rotates to push the ejector rod 9 towards the chuck 5, the chuck 5 is matched with the jacket 6 to clamp a workpiece, the piston rod of the opening and closing cylinder 22 contracts, the spring 23 extends to push the ejector rod 9 towards the direction far away from the chuck 5, the jacket 6 releases the chuck 5, the chuck 5 does not clamp the workpiece, and the workpiece can be removed.

The rotary arrangement of the claw 7 in the claw seat 8 is realized in such a way that: it has two round holes (not shown in the figure) that the perpendicular to led to the groove to open on claw seat 8, the round hole has also been opened to correspond on jack catch 7, place jack catch 7 at leading to the inslot, make through-hole on the claw seat 8 and the through-hole on the jack catch 7 be the setting of a straight line and the round hole on the jack catch 7 is located between two round holes on claw seat 8, pass three round hole with a round pin, the position of screw fixation pin is used at the round pin both ends, prevent that the round pin can radially play when the high-speed operation of main shaft, realize the logical inslot rotation of jack catch 7 on claw seat 8.

The utility model discloses axle sleeve 10 in be close to the one end of jack catch 7 and be provided with and push away circle 17, the one end of ejector pin 9 support and push away circle 17, jack catch 7 rotates the extrusion and pushes away circle 17 and be used for promoting the removal of ejector pin 9. A spring 18 is arranged between the chuck 5 and the jacket 6, and the spring 18 contracts or extends along with the relative movement of the chuck 5 and the jacket 6.

When the jack catch 7 is loosened, the free end of the jack catch 7 is positioned on the reserved section of the sliding sleeve 24, the shaft sleeve 10 is driven by the opening and closing mechanism to move backwards, the jack catch 7 rotates around the rotating pin, the free end of the jack catch 7 is clamped on the working section through the first transition section of the sliding sleeve 24 and the second transition section of the sliding sleeve 24 and moves forwards gently on the working section, meanwhile, the transmission end of the jack catch 7 pushes the push ring 17 to move forwards, the front end of the push ring 17 is arranged at the rear end of the ejector rod 9, the ejector rod 9 moves forwards axially together, the ejector rod 9 moves forwards to push the jacket 6 to move forwards axially, and the jacket 6 is provided with a horn-shaped central hole with the front end presenting a large front end and a small rear end, so that when the jacket 6 moves forwards, the front end of the chuck 5 is extruded inwards to clamp materials in the chuck. The structure of the chuck 5 and the jacket 6 in the utility model are the prior art.

The utility model provides an installation that installation piece 2 is preferred is on main shaft slide 34, and concrete installation is opened the counter sink that has run through linkage segment 14 and erection segment 15 in the lower part of vertical fixed block 4, and it has the installation screw hole to open on main shaft slide 34, adopts to alternate in the counter sink and install piece 2 detachable with installation screw hole screw-thread fit's bolt on main shaft slide 34, the utility model provides a certain distance in bottom and main shaft slide 34 interval of box 1 makes box 1 and main shaft slide 34 upper surface contactless. The spindle slide 34 of the present invention is used for being mounted on and sliding on a machine tool body.

The details of the parts not described in detail in this embodiment, such as the specific structure of the sliding sleeve 24, are the prior art, and refer to the technical solution disclosed in the patent No. ZL 201410254485.7.

Example 3

This embodiment is a further improvement of embodiment 1, and compared with embodiment 1, the horizontal fixing block 3, the vertical fixing block 4 and the box body 1 are integrally formed in this embodiment, and the rest of the structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and embodiment 1 may be specifically referred to, and details of this embodiment are not repeated. Compare with embodiment 1, the whole structure as an organic whole of box 1 and installation piece 2 in this embodiment only needs to install installation piece 2 bottom on main shaft slide 34 and can realize the installation of headstock, the utility model provides a vertical fixed block 4 also can set up the integral type structure with main shaft slide 34, box 1, installation piece 2 and main shaft slide 34 integrated into one piece, form clearance 33 between the bottom of box 1 and main shaft slide 34, as shown in fig. 8 and 9.

Example 4

This embodiment is a lathe, including lathe bed 19, tool rest structure 20 and in an embodiment 2 the main shaft structure, tool rest structure 20 and main shaft structure all install on lathe bed 19, and chuck 5 be located the one side that is close to tool rest structure 20, the preferred slidable mounting of main shaft slide 34 on lathe bed 19 and can move towards or keep away from the tool rest structure and slide, the utility model discloses well main shaft slide 34 and lathe bed 19's slidable mounting mode and tool rest structure all are prior art, the utility model discloses detailed description does not go up, tool rest structure 20 on the installation cutter be used for processing the work piece that main shaft structure held.

Example 5

The present embodiment relates to a machine tool, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, including a machine tool bed 19, a tool rest structure 20, and two spindle structures according to embodiment 2, where the tool rest structure 20 and the spindle structures are both installed on the machine tool bed 19, and the two spindle structures are respectively installed on two sides of the tool rest structure 20, a collet 5 of each spindle structure is located on one side close to the tool rest structure 20, that is, the collets of the two spindle structures are arranged in opposite directions, spindle slides at bottoms of the two spindle structures are both slidably installed on the machine tool bed 19, and center lines of the collets 5 of the two spindle structures are located on the same horizontal line, both the two spindle structures can slide toward or away from the tool rest structure, and a tool is installed on the tool rest structure 20 for processing a workpiece clamped by the spindle structures.

Parts which are not specifically described in the above description are prior art or can be realized by the prior art. The specific embodiments of the present invention are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the content of the claims of the present invention should be regarded as the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A headstock which is characterized in that: the spindle box comprises a box body (1) and two mounting blocks (2) which are respectively arranged on two sides of the box body (1), wherein a spindle sleeve hole which penetrates through two ends of the box body (1) and is used for mounting a spindle is formed in the box body (1) along the length direction of the box body, and the bottom of each mounting block is used for being connected to a mounting object so that a gap (33) is formed between the spindle box and the mounting object; installation piece (2) are including horizontal fixed block (3) and vertical fixed block (4), horizontal fixed block (3) are fixed in on box (1), the top of vertical fixed block (4) is connected with the lower surface of horizontal fixed block (3), leave the clearance between one side that vertical fixed block (4) are close to box (1) and box (1), the bottom of vertical fixed block (4) is used for installing on the installation thing and prop up box (1) and make and form the clearance between box (1) and installation thing.

2. The headstock of claim 1, wherein: horizontal fixed block (3) and vertical fixed block (4) are split type structure, and horizontal fixed block (3) detachable installs the top at vertical fixed block (4).

3. The headstock of claim 1, wherein: the horizontal fixing block (3) and the vertical fixing block (4) are integrally formed.

4. A headstock according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein: the distance between the lower surface of the horizontal mounting block (2) and the center line of the spindle for mounting in the spindle sleeve hole is less than or equal to 30 mm.

5. A headstock according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein: the mounting object is a main shaft sliding plate (34), and the bottom of the vertical fixing block (4) is connected to the main shaft sliding plate (34).

6. A spindle structure characterized in that: the spindle box comprises a spindle box according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and a spindle installed in a spindle sleeve hole, wherein the spindle comprises a chuck (5), a jacket (6), a jaw (7), a jaw seat (8), a top rod (9), a sleeve (10), a rotor (11) and a stator (12) which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the stator (12) is installed in the spindle sleeve hole and is kept static with the box body (1), the rotor (11) rotates relative to the stator (12), the sleeve (10) and the rotor (11) are installed in a tight fit mode, the top rod (9) can move axially in the sleeve (10), the jacket (6) is arranged in the sleeve (10) and can be pushed by the top rod (9) to move axially, the chuck (5) is matched with the jacket (6) and the chuck (5) move relatively to enable the chuck (5) to shrink for clamping a workpiece, and a jacket fixing piece for fixing the chuck (5) is arranged at the end portion of the sleeve (, the clamping jaw (7) is rotatably connected with a clamping jaw seat (8) which is positioned at one end far away from the chuck (5), and the clamping jaw (7) rotates to drive the ejector rod (9) to axially move.

7. The spindle structure according to claim 6, wherein: and one end of the main shaft box, which is far away from the chuck, is provided with an opening and closing mechanism for driving the clamping jaws to rotate.

8. A machine tool, characterized by: comprising a machine bed (19), a tool-holder arrangement (20) and a spindle arrangement according to claim 6 or 7, the tool-holder arrangement (20) and the spindle arrangement being mounted on the machine bed (19) and the cartridge (5) being located adjacent the tool-holder arrangement (20), the tool-holder arrangement (20) being provided with a tool for machining a workpiece held by the spindle arrangement.

9. A machine tool, characterized by: comprising a machine bed (19), a tool-holder arrangement (20) and two spindle arrangements according to claim 6 or 7, the tool-holder arrangement (20) and the spindle arrangements being mounted on the machine bed (19) and the two spindle arrangements being mounted on respective sides of the tool-holder arrangement (20), the collet (5) being located on a side adjacent to the tool-holder arrangement (20), the tool-holder arrangement (20) being provided with a tool for machining a workpiece held by the spindle arrangement.