CN210639984U - A three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate with multiple band gap properties - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种具有多重带隙特性的三维梯度周期结构板，包括多层固体板基体，以及按照周期性或者拟周期性排列在每层板中凸起设置的m行n列的散射体短柱；这样由多组带短柱的周期结构板堆叠成三维周期结构板。同一层板上凸起短柱的半径或边长可以不变也可以在行或列方向按照某一函数规律逐渐变化；在高度方向上，各层凸起短柱的高度、半径或边长按照某一函数规律逐渐变小或者逐渐变大，形成三维梯度周期结构板。每层的周期结构板都具有各自的带隙特性，即某些频率内的弹性波或声波在板中传播时将受到显著的抑制。这种周期结构可实现结构与隔振系统的一体化设计，并且具有质量轻、隔振频率宽、可靠性高等优点，在工程隔振领域具有广泛的应用前景。
The utility model relates to a three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate with multiple band gap characteristics, comprising a multi-layer solid plate substrate, and scatterers with m rows and n columns arranged in each layer plate according to periodicity or quasi-periodicity. Short columns; in this way, a plurality of groups of periodic structure plates with short columns are stacked to form a three-dimensional periodic structure plate. The radius or side length of the raised stubs on the same layer can be constant or can be gradually changed in the row or column direction according to a certain function law; A certain function law gradually becomes smaller or larger, forming a three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate. Each layer of periodic structural plates has its own band gap characteristics, that is, elastic or acoustic waves in certain frequencies will be significantly suppressed when propagating in the plate. This periodic structure can realize the integrated design of the structure and the vibration isolation system, and has the advantages of light weight, wide vibration isolation frequency and high reliability, and has a wide application prospect in the field of engineering vibration isolation.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a periodic structure, and more particularly to a three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate having multiple band gap characteristics.
Background
The periodic structure plate is a phonon crystal with limited space, the concept of the phonon crystal is deduced from the concept of the photonic crystal, and both the phonon crystal and the photonic crystal simulate the arrangement mode of natural crystal atoms and have a certain periodic structure. A composite material or structure in which two or more media with different elastic properties are spatially and periodically nested and an elastic band gap exists is called a phononic crystal. The existence of an elastic wave band gap is one of the most important characteristics of a phononic crystal, and there are two main physical mechanisms for generating the elastic wave band gap: bragg scattering mechanisms and local resonance mechanisms. Both band gaps are formed as a result of the structural periodicity and the Mie scattering of the single scatterer, differing only in whether the interaction (periodicity) of the individual repeating units dominates or the resonance of the single scatterer dominates.
The band gap characteristic of the periodic structure plate can realize vibration reduction and noise reduction. The purposes of vibration reduction and noise reduction can be achieved from three aspects of vibration source strength inhibition, vibration isolation and vibration elimination. By means of the design of the periodically improved vibration source of the phonon crystal, the vibration source with the band gap characteristic can be obtained. In the aspect of vibration isolation, the vibration isolator with the phononic crystal structure can be used for active vibration isolation or passive vibration isolation, so that the effective suppression and even isolation of vibration can be realized. The method adopts the physical mechanism of the local resonance type phononic crystal, and absorbs the kinetic energy of a vibration system by adding a periodic vibrator structure on a beam-slab structure. The vibration reduction and noise reduction have important significance for high-precision machining, a vibration-free machining environment can be provided for a high-precision machining system, and higher machining precision is guaranteed; and the instrument and equipment can be provided with a working environment without vibration, so that the working precision is improved, and the service life of the instrument and equipment is prolonged.
The main disadvantage of the local resonance phononic crystal is that the operating frequency can only be located in a narrow range. To overcome this deficiency, we can construct a three-dimensional structure consisting of multiple sets of phononic crystal plates with stubs. The flexibility of the structure enables the preparation of more complex structures with the desired function by adjusting the geometrical characteristics, each layer can work in different frequency ranges, and therefore the working frequency range of the whole local resonance phononic crystal is greatly widened.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the utility model aims at providing a three-dimensional gradient periodic structure board with multiple band gap characteristic. By stacking multiple layers of the phononic crystal plates and changing the geometrical dimension of each layer of the convex scatterers along the height direction, the formed three-dimensional periodic structure plate has multiple band gap characteristics, and the band gap width is expanded. The vibration mode in the band gap frequency range can not pass through the periodic structure plate, so the vibration damping and isolating plate can be applied to the field of vibration damping and isolating.
The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model relates to a three-dimensional gradient periodic structure board with multiple band gap characteristic, this three-dimensional gradient periodic structure board include the multiply wood base member and arrange according to periodicity or quasi-periodicity the short column scatterer of the m line n row that the arch set up in the multiply wood base member is piled up into three-dimensional periodic structure board by the multilayer periodic structure board that has the short column scatterer.
Wherein:
the cross section of the convex short column scatterer is circular, oval or polygonal; the smallest repeating unit constituting the periodic structure is called unit cell, and the arrangement shape between the unit cells is triangle or other polygon.
The short column scatterers have the same material, height and arrangement form on the same layer, and have the same radius or side length or gradually change in the row or column direction according to a certain function rule.
The plate substrates on different layers have the same thickness or are sequentially changed along the height direction; the height, radius or side length of the short column scatterer protruding between layers gradually changes according to linear change or power exponent change; the materials and arrangement of the different layers of stub scatterers are the same or different.
The plate base body is made of metal, concrete, ceramic or fiber reinforced composite materials, and the short column scattering body is made of rubber or epoxy resin.
And the top surface of the plate base body and the short column scattering body as well as the bottom surface of the plate base body are connected in a sticking or welding mode.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following:
1) the periodic structure plate can be used for vibration reduction and noise reduction, and elastic waves or sound waves in a specific frequency range can be prevented from being transmitted by utilizing the band gap characteristic of the phononic crystal, so that the purposes of vibration reduction and noise reduction are achieved.
2) The traditional elastic wave or sound wave calibration element is large in size and high in manufacturing cost, and compared with the traditional sound insulation material, the periodic structure plate has the advantages of designable frequency, strong pertinence, small size, good effect and the like. Meanwhile, the manufacturing is convenient, and the standardized production is convenient.
3) The working frequency of the traditional periodic structure can only be within a narrow range generally, and each layer of the multilayer three-dimensional periodic structure can work in different frequency ranges, so that the working frequency range of the whole three-dimensional periodic structure plate is greatly widened, and a wider three-dimensional band gap can be obtained in this way.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a three-dimensional gradient periodic plate structure diagram with a short column height gradually decreasing from the bottom layer to the top layer;
FIG. 1b is a structural view of a three-dimensional gradient periodic plate with a short column radius gradually decreasing from the bottom layer to the top layer;
FIG. 1c is a three-dimensional gradient periodic plate structure diagram with short column radius and height gradually decreasing from the bottom layer to the top layer;
FIG. 1d is a structural view of the three-dimensional gradient periodic plate of the present invention, in which the short column radius of the short column on the same layer is gradually increased and the height of the short column is gradually decreased from the bottom layer to the top layer;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a three-dimensional gradient periodic structure panel according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the unit cell of the periodic plate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the periodic structure plates arranged in regular triangles between the unit cells of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional periodic plate structure diagram of the present invention in which the protruded scattering body is a square short column;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the transmission characteristics of the three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate according to the present invention;
the figure shows that: a plate base 1 and a short column diffuser 2.
Detailed Description
The forming method of the utility model is as follows:
the short columns in m rows and n columns are arranged on the base plate in a protruding mode according to periodic or quasi-periodic arrangement; the raised studs may be cylindrical, rectangular or polygonal. The repeating unit with the smallest periodic structure is called unit cell, and the arrangement mode between the unit cells can be square, triangle or other polygon. The material of the stub can be rubber or epoxy resin, and the material of the base plate can be metal, concrete, ceramic or fiber reinforced composite material. The connection between the short columns and the base plate can be realized by welding or pasting.
The materials, heights and arrangement forms of the same layer are the same, the radius or the side length is the same or the radius or the side length gradually changes in the row or column direction according to a certain function rule. And arranging h layers of periodic structure plates according to requirements, wherein the side length, the radius or the height of the convex short columns of the periodic structure plates on different layers gradually changes. The materials and arrangement of the raised studs in different layers can be the same or different. And the periodic structure plates of different layers are connected by welding or pasting, thereby forming the three-dimensional periodic structure plate with multiple band gaps.
The invention will be described in further detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the periodic structure, also called a phononic crystal, in which portions not adjacent to each other are called scatterers and portions connected to each other are called a matrix. Wherein the one-dimensional phononic crystal is a layered or rod-shaped structure formed by alternately arranging two materials; the two-dimensional phononic crystal is a two-dimensional periodic structure formed by arranging columnar scatterers in a matrix in parallel, wherein the sections of the columnar scatterers mainly have a round shape, a square shape and the like, and the arrangement mode has a square shape, a triangular shape and the like; the three-dimensional phononic crystal is a three-dimensional space lattice structure formed by periodically arranging spherical scatterers in a matrix, and the structure forms comprise a simple cubic structure, a face-centered cubic structure, a body-centered cubic structure and the like. The utility model provides a two-dimentional periodic structure. The distance from the center of a scatterer to the center of an adjacent scatterer is called the lattice constant.
An ideal periodic structure model is generally considered to have infinite dimensions in the non-periodic direction, an assumption which is reasonable only if the incident wavelength is much smaller than the non-periodic direction dimensions. Because the propagation speed of elastic waves in the solid material is very high, the beam-slab structure and other structures widely used in practical engineering do not meet the requirement, and therefore, the periodic structure with the non-periodic direction of limited size has more practical significance.
The proposal of the phononic crystal concept provides a new idea for solving the problems of vibration and noise. The phononic crystal is an artificial periodic material with elastic waveband gap characteristics, and a vibration mode in a band gap frequency range cannot pass through the phononic crystal, so that the phononic crystal can be applied to the field of vibration reduction and vibration isolation. Compared with the traditional active and passive vibration isolation, the phononic crystal structure can realize the integrated design of the structure and the vibration isolation system, has the advantages of light weight, wide vibration isolation frequency, high reliability and the like, and has wide application prospect in the field of engineering vibration isolation.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1a, 2 and 3, the present embodiment is a three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate with multiple band gap characteristics. The unit cells are arranged in a square shape, and the lattice constant is set as a1The cylindrical short columns in m rows and n columns are convexly arranged on each layer of plate, and the short columns on the same layer have the same material, size and arrangement mode. Three-dimensional periodic structure plate with h layers, and height from bottom layer to top layer short column from h1Change to h according to a certain function rule2. The multilayer periodic structure plates are connected together in a welding or sticking mode to form the three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1b, 2 and 3, the present embodiment is a three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate with multiple band gap characteristics. The unit cells are arranged in a square shape, and the lattice constant is set as a1The cylindrical short columns in m rows and n columns are convexly arranged on each layer of plate, and the short columns on the same layer have the same material, size and arrangement mode. Three-dimensional periodic structure plate with h layers, and r is radius of short column from bottom layer to top layer1Change to r according to a certain function rule2. The multilayer periodic structure plates are connected together in a welding or sticking mode to form the three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1c, 2 and 3, the present embodiment is a three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate with multiple band gap characteristics. The unit cells are arranged in a square shape, and the lattice constant is set as a1The cylindrical short columns in m rows and n columns are convexly arranged on each layer of plate, and the short columns on the same layer have the same material, size and arrangement mode. Three-dimensional periodic structure plate with h layers, and r is radius of short column from bottom layer to top layer1Change to r according to a certain function rule2Height from h1Change to h according to a certain function rule2. The multilayer periodic structure plates are connected together in a welding or sticking mode to form the three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate.
Example 4:
as shown in figure 3,4, the three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate unit cells of the embodiment adopt regular triangle arrangement, and the lattice constant is set as a1The cylindrical short columns in m rows and n columns are convexly arranged on each layer of plate, and the short columns on the same layer have the same material, size and arrangement mode. Three-dimensional periodic structure plate with h layers, and height from bottom layer to top layer short column from h1Change to h according to a certain function rule2. The multilayer periodic structure plates are connected together in a welding or sticking mode to form the three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate.
Example 5:
as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate unit cells of the present embodiment are arranged in a square form, and the lattice constant is set as a1M rows and n columns of cuboid short columns are convexly arranged on each layer of plate, and the short columns on the same layer have the same material, size and arrangement mode. Three-dimensional periodic structure plate with h layers, and height from bottom layer to top layer short column from h1Change to h according to a certain function rule2. The multilayer periodic structure plates are connected together in a welding or sticking mode to form the three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate.
As shown in fig. 6, it is a transmission characteristic curve diagram of the three-dimensional gradient periodic structure plate of the present invention. The calculation formula adopted is an amplitude-frequency response function
p1Physical quantity of incident or excitation side, p2Is a physical quantity of the exit end or the response end. Theoretically, the propagation of the elastic waves incident in the frequency range corresponding to the response function less than 0 can be attenuated.
The main disadvantage of each layer of the panel with the periodic structure of the localized resonance is that the operating frequency can only be located in a narrow range. In order to overcome the defect, a three-dimensional structure consisting of a plurality of sets of phononic crystal plates with short columns is constructed. The flexibility of the structure enables the preparation of more complex structures with the desired function by adjusting the geometrical characteristics, each layer can work in different frequency ranges, and therefore the working frequency range of the whole local resonance phononic crystal is greatly widened.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that: for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110335581A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-10-15 | 东南大学 | A 3D Gradient Periodic Slab with Multiple Bandgap Properties |
| CN111719451A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-29 | 北京交通大学 | Corrugated highway phononic crystal sound barrier combining Bragg scattering and sound absorption resonance |
| CN114277655A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-04-05 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Corrugated steel web plate with phononic crystal |
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2019
- 2019-06-06 CN CN201920854939.2U patent/CN210639984U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110335581A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-10-15 | 东南大学 | A 3D Gradient Periodic Slab with Multiple Bandgap Properties |
| CN111719451A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-29 | 北京交通大学 | Corrugated highway phononic crystal sound barrier combining Bragg scattering and sound absorption resonance |
| CN114277655A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-04-05 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Corrugated steel web plate with phononic crystal |
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