CN210638480U

CN210638480U - Cupola type electric furnace for producing mineral wool

Info

Publication number: CN210638480U
Application number: CN201921676094.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐洋洋; 袁守谦; 李海潮
Original assignee: XI'AN UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY HUA QING COLLEGE
Current assignee: XI'AN UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY HUA QING COLLEGE
Priority date: 2019-10-08
Filing date: 2019-10-08
Publication date: 2020-05-29
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-08

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cupola-type electric furnace for producing mineral wool, which comprises an upper furnace body, a lower furnace body, a feeding system, electrodes, a tooth thinning turnover mechanism and a tap hole, wherein the feeding system is arranged at the side part of the upper furnace body, and 1-3 layers of turnover mechanisms for reducing the impact of furnace charge are arranged in the inner cavity of the upper furnace body; the electrode is arranged on the upper part of the lower furnace body; a slag hole is arranged in the inner cavity of the lower furnace body, and a centrifugal machine is correspondingly arranged at the slag hole. The electric furnace adopts the electrodes for heating, so that the environmental protection of the cupola furnace is improved, and simultaneously, the furnace body of the cupola furnace is kept to continuously play a role of preheating furnace burden; can fully utilize and reduce the consumption of coke, and realize environmental protection, cyclic utilization and production continuity. The method realizes the resource utilization of the industrial waste slag, has simple operation, and reduces the pollution of the slag wool produced by the cupola furnace to the environment to the maximum extent.

Description

Cupola type electric furnace for producing mineral wool

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to a cupola type electric furnace in the field of mineral wool production for the resource utilization of industrial waste residue, in particular to a cupola type electric furnace for producing mineral wool.

Background

The harmless and resource treatment of the steel smelting waste slag is the focus of much attention of all countries in the world. The amount of pig iron slag per ton of blast furnace smelting can reach 185-250 kg/t, the output of blast furnace slag per year in China still reaches billions of tons, and besides, a large amount of industrial waste slag exists.

The mineral wool is a cotton thread-like inorganic fiber prepared by using slag or furnace slag as a main raw material and adopting processes such as melting, high-speed centrifugation or blowing and the like. The main raw materials for mineral wool production are various, and the raw materials for producing the mineral wool by the cupola furnace at present are cold metallurgical slag. The slag is in a high-temperature molten state when discharged from the metallurgical furnace, and becomes the raw material of the cupola mineral wool after cooling, crushing and screening. The main fuel for mineral wool production is coke, and more than 250kg of coke is consumed for producing one ton of mineral wool products. Along with the continuous rising of coke price, the proportion of energy cost to production cost is larger and larger, so that the sale price of mineral wool products is higher, and the popularization and application of mineral wool are influenced. In addition, because the cupola uses coke to cause certain pollution to the environment, the use of the cupola is put forward more strict requirements in the aspect of environmental protection. Therefore, under the condition of not changing the raw materials of slag and slag used by the prior cupola furnace, the coke consumption is reduced as much as possible, and the prior equipment condition is fully utilized to develop a novel cupola furnace type electric furnace which is popular among cupola furnace manufacturers.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the current problem that industrial waste utilized, an object of the utility model is to provide a cupola formula electric stove, reform transform the cupola into the electric stove and directly produce the mineral wool, can make full use of reduce the consumption of coke, realize environmental protection, cyclic utilization and production continuity. The method realizes the resource utilization of the industrial waste slag, has simple operation, and reduces the pollution of the slag wool produced by the cupola furnace to the environment to the maximum extent.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

according to an embodiment provided by the utility model, the utility model provides a cupola-type electric furnace for producing mineral wool, which comprises an upper furnace body, a lower furnace body, a feeding system, electrodes, a turnover mechanism and a taphole, wherein the feeding system of a skip car is arranged at the side part of the upper furnace body, and the inner chamber of the upper furnace body is provided with 1-3 layers of turnover mechanisms for storing furnace charge; the electrode is arranged on the upper part of the lower furnace body; the inner bore of the lower furnace body is provided with an iron outlet and a slag outlet, and the slag outlet corresponds to the mineral wool centrifuge.

To above-mentioned technical scheme, the utility model discloses still further preferred scheme.

Preferably, the upper furnace body is a cylinder, the feeding system is arranged on one side of the cylinder, and the turnover mechanism is positioned below the feeding system.

Preferably, the turnover mechanism comprises a comb-shaped disc arranged in the hearth and used for placing the blocky raw materials and a rotating shaft connected with the comb-shaped disc and arranged on the side wall of the upper furnace body.

Preferably, the lower furnace body is an expanded diameter cylinder, three-phase electrodes are inserted into the upper surface of the expanded diameter end, and the electrode holders of each phase are connected with the electrode driving system.

Preferably, the electrodes are graphite electrodes and are uniformly distributed in the lower furnace body in an inclined insertion mode, and the included angle between the electrodes and the horizontal plane is 50-70 degrees.

Preferably, a furnace lining is lined in the lower furnace body, and an iron outlet and a slag outlet are formed in the side wall of the bottom of the lower furnace body.

Preferably, a chute for communicating the lower furnace body with an external overflow trough is arranged on the slag outlet, and the overflow trough is communicated with a centrifugal machine arranged behind the overflow trough.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

the cupola-type electric furnace for producing mineral wool with industrial waste slag solves the problem of high pollution caused by the combustion of coke in the cupola. The furnace slag and the additives are heated and melted after entering the electric furnace, the higher cupola-type furnace body can better utilize the smoke in the furnace to preheat cold-state blocky furnace charge, the comb-shaped structure turnover mechanism can ensure the smooth discharge of the smoke, and simultaneously, the impact of the furnace charge on the electrode is reduced. The liquid slag with qualified temperature and acidity can be provided for subsequent drawing into cotton. The flow rate of the hot slag is adjusted according to the requirement of blowing cotton by a centrifugal machine in the deslagging process, and the hot slag is kept warm and buffered in an overflow groove to be reserved for the subsequent wire drawing and cotton forming process, namely a device for connecting the slag heating electric furnace and the cotton forming equipment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. an upper furnace body; 2. a feeding system; 3. an electrode drive system; 4. an electrode; 5. a furnace lining; 6. A taphole; 7. a lower furnace body; 8. a centrifuge; 9. an overflow trough; 10. a chute; 11. a slag outlet; 12. a turnover mechanism; 13. a block-shaped raw material.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cupola-type electric furnace for producing mineral wool comprises an upper furnace body 1, a lower furnace body 7, a feeding system 2, a raw material layer 13, an electrode 4, a turnover mechanism 12, an iron outlet 6 and a slag outlet 11, wherein the upper furnace body 1 is a cylinder, the feeding system 2 is positioned on one side of the upper part of the cylinder upper furnace body 1, and the inner bore of the upper furnace body 1 is provided with 1-3 layers of turnover mechanisms 12 which can support blocky raw materials 13. Skip feeding system 2 delivers the furnace charge to furnace body 1 upper portion, and turnover mechanism 12 establishes in the furnace below feeding system 2, and turnover mechanism 12 can set up 1-3 layers according to last furnace body 1 difference in height, and for the broach structure, and the setting of the broach type turnover mechanism of depositing the raw materials should be able to pile up the raw materials of certain thickness to keep the flue gas in the stove to pass through between the broach and the granule material.

The lower furnace body 7 is an expanded diameter cylinder, three-phase electrodes 4 are inserted into the upper surface of the expanded diameter end, the electrodes 4 of each phase are distributed at an angle of 120 degrees, and a holder of the electrodes 4 is connected with an electrode driving system 3. The lining of the lower furnace body 7 is provided with a furnace lining 5, and the side wall of the bottom of the lower furnace body 7 is provided with a spare tap hole 6 and a slag hole 11. A chute 10 which is communicated with the lower furnace body 7 and an external overflow groove 9 is arranged on the slag outlet 11, and the overflow groove 9 is communicated with a centrifugal machine 8 arranged behind the overflow groove. And the tapping hole 6 is positioned at the bottom of the lower furnace body 7, and is not required to be opened at ordinary times, and is only opened in case of iron liquid in the furnace.

Wherein, the electrode 4 is a graphite electrode and is uniformly distributed on the lower furnace body in an oblique insertion mode, and the included angle between the electrode and the horizontal plane is 50-70 degrees.

The process method adopting the equipment comprises the following steps:

(1) when the furnace is opened for charging, a certain amount of coke is added into the furnace to be used as a conductive path of the three-phase electrode and preheat the furnace body at the same time. Striking arc, heating, preheating the furnace body and then feeding. After the solid slag is added with additives for quenching and tempering, the slag and the slag charge of the quenching and tempering agent are sent to the turnover mechanism by a hopper feeding system; the furnace charge is required to keep a certain lumpiness so as to ensure good air permeability in the furnace;

(2) 1-3 comb-shaped turnover mechanisms are arranged at the furnace body part, and furnace burden is sequentially fed into the furnace through the turnover mechanisms; the charging is turned over, the descending distance is shortened, the impact of furnace burden downward impact on the electrode can be prevented, and the air permeability is ensured, so that the rapid and continuous material distribution can be realized;

(3) the turnover mechanism transmits furnace burden into a furnace, three electrodes are used for arc striking and furnace slag heating treatment is carried out, the capacity and the electrode size of a transformer are designed according to the size of a furnace capacity, the gear of the transformer and the electrode current are selected to heat the furnace burden, and the temperature is ensured to rise to more than 1500 ℃ so that additives are fully melted and uniformly mixed; in order to be closely connected with a centrifugal wire drawing machine and ensure stable slag components, three graphite electrodes are adopted and are uniformly distributed in a lower furnace body in an inclined insertion mode, and an insulating refractory sleeve is arranged between the three-phase electrode and the wall of the cupola furnace;

(4) the lower furnace body of the cupola furnace is a furnace body for quenching and tempering and heating slag, and is internally provided with a refractory heat-insulating furnace lining, a heat-insulating layer (outer layer) and a refractory working layer (inner layer) in consideration of the need of electrode heating. The insulating layer uses light clay bricks or common clay refractory bricks, and the working layer uses acid ramming materials adapting to the properties of the quenched and tempered slag, so that the service life of the furnace lining is prolonged. Opening the furnace to supply power, continuously arcing and heating the electrode, and quenching, tempering and heating the industrial waste residues;

(5) after the liquid slag has uniform components and temperature and is heated to the slag discharging temperature, a slag outlet is opened. The liquid slag continuously flows out from a slag outlet and is conveyed to an overflow groove through a chute, and a thermocouple is arranged at the slag outlet of the overflow groove to indirectly measure the temperature of the slag liquid in the groove. Determining the temperature adjusting power and the temperature adjusting time of the chute according to the measuring result of the thermocouple; the slag is continuously sent to a centrifuge and a cotton making machine through an outlet of the overflow chute, and the stability of continuous cotton discharging is ensured by controlling the speed of a slag discharge stream;

(6) the hot slag is thrown into slag wool fiber in a centrifuge after passing through an overflow groove, and then the slag wool fiber is made into a required slag wool board or other products to enter a subsequent slag wool production line.

Wherein, the raw materials can use alkaline industrial waste residue and acidic industrial waste residue which are mixed according to the component proportion, and the alkaline industrial waste residue comprises blast furnace slag, steelmaking slag, ferroalloy slag, nonferrous smelting slag and the like; the acid industrial waste slag includes red brick slag, iron-smelting slag, flyash, cyclonic slag, etc. Some acidic rocks such as basalt, diabase, gabbro, granite, amphibole, quartzite, andesite, etc. are also commonly used as smelting raw materials. According to the requirement of the proportion of the components of the slag wool, the acidity is adjusted to be between 1.2 and 1.6.

The cupola type electric furnace is fed to the upper part of the furnace body by a belt after being matched with furnace burden by a weighing system, the adding amount of a plurality of raw materials is calculated according to the requirement of a finished product, and the feeding speed and the feeding period are adjusted.

And heating the furnace slag at a heating station by obliquely inserting three graphite electrodes into the furnace. According to the size of the furnace volume of the cupola furnace, the capacity of the transformer and the size of the electrode are designed, long-term continuous discharging is ensured, and the heating temperature is kept above 1500 ℃. The three graphite electrodes are insulated from the furnace wall of the cupola furnace by using refractory material sleeves.

In order to be closely connected with a centrifugal wire drawing machine and ensure stable slag components, the electric furnace adopts three graphite electrodes which are uniformly distributed in a lower furnace body in an inclined insertion mode, and the included angle between the electrodes and the horizontal plane is kept between 50 and 70 degrees.

In order to effectively utilize the flue gas waste heat of the electric furnace and continuously supply furnace burden, 1-3 turnover mechanisms are arranged on the upper furnace body and used for storing solid furnace burden, so that the impact on a graphite electrode can be reduced, the material can be distributed in time, and meanwhile, the flue gas discharged from the furnace can be fully utilized to preheat the furnace burden and realize continuous slag tapping.

The lower furnace body of the cupola furnace is a furnace body for quenching and tempering and heating slag, and is internally provided with a refractory heat-insulating furnace lining, a heat-insulating layer (outer layer) and a refractory working layer (inner layer) in consideration of the need of electrode heating. The heat-insulating layer uses light clay bricks and clay refractory bricks, and the working layer uses an acidic refractory material which is suitable for the property of quenched and tempered slag, so that the service life of the furnace lining is prolonged.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some replacements and transformations for some technical features without creative labor according to the disclosed technical contents, and these replacements and transformations are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The cupola-type electric furnace for producing mineral wool is characterized by comprising an upper furnace body (1), a lower furnace body (7), a feeding system (2), an electrode (4), a turnover mechanism (12) and an iron outlet (6), wherein the feeding system (2) is arranged at the upper part of the upper furnace body (1), and 1-3 layers of turnover mechanisms (12) for storing raw materials are arranged in the inner cavity of the upper furnace body (1); the electrode (4) is arranged on the upper part of the lower furnace body (7); an iron outlet (6) and a slag outlet (11) are arranged in the inner cavity of the lower furnace body (7), and a centrifugal machine (8) is correspondingly arranged on the slag outlet (11).

2. A cupola-type electric furnace for producing mineral wool according to claim 1, in which the upper furnace body (1) is a cylinder, the feeding system (2) is arranged on one side of the cylinder, and the tilting mechanism (12) is located below the feeding system (2).

3. The cupola-type electric furnace for producing mineral wool according to claim 2, in which the tilting mechanism (12) comprises a comb-shaped disc in the hearth for receiving the lump material and a shaft connected thereto and provided in the side wall of the upper furnace body (1).

4. A cupola-type electric furnace for producing mineral wool according to claim 1, in which the lower body (7) is an expanded diameter cylinder with three-phase electrodes (4) inserted on the upper surface of the expanded diameter end, each phase electrode (4) being connected to an electrode drive system (3).

5. A cupola-type electric furnace for producing slag wool according to claim 3, in which the electrodes (4) are graphite electrodes and are evenly distributed in the lower furnace body in an obliquely inserted manner, the angle between the electrodes and the horizontal being 50-70 °.

6. A cupola-type electric furnace for producing mineral wool according to claim 1, in which the lower furnace body (7) is lined with the furnace lining (5), and in which the bottom side wall of the lower furnace body (7) is provided with a spare tap hole (6) and a tap hole (11).

7. A cupola furnace according to claim 6, wherein the taphole (11) is provided with a chute (10) communicating with the lower furnace body (7) and an external overflow launder (9), the overflow launder (9) being in communication with a centrifuge (8) arranged behind it.