CN210620729U - Gasification burner and gasification furnace - Google Patents

Gasification burner and gasification furnace Download PDF

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CN210620729U
CN210620729U CN201920848524.4U CN201920848524U CN210620729U CN 210620729 U CN210620729 U CN 210620729U CN 201920848524 U CN201920848524 U CN 201920848524U CN 210620729 U CN210620729 U CN 210620729U
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spray head
nozzle
gasification
side wall
outlet end
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王晟
张振武
赵辉
刘海峰
代正华
许建良
梁钦锋
龚欣
王辅臣
于广锁
王亦飞
陈雪莉
李伟锋
郭庆华
郭晓镭
王兴军
刘霞
陆海峰
龚岩
沈中杰
赵丽丽
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East China University of Science and Technology
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East China University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a gasification nozzle and gasifier. The outlet end faces of the middle ring spray head, the inner ring spray head and the central spray head of the nozzle are all contracted in the outer ring spray head; a first slurry channel is formed between the inner side wall of the outer ring spray head and the outer side wall of the middle ring spray head; the inner side wall of the outer ring spray head and the inner side wall of the middle ring spray head are arc surfaces bending to the axis of the nozzle at the outlet end of the first slurry channel, and the distances between the starting point and the end point of the arc surface of the inner side wall of the outer ring spray head and the axis of the nozzle are respectively x2、x1(ii) a The included angle delta between the inner side wall of the mixing outlet part and the outlet end surface of the mixing outlet part is 100-150 degrees; outlet end face and mixed outlet of inner ring spray headThe distance h between the outlet end face of the mouth part is 10-150 mm; and (x)2‑x1) The/h is 0.5-3. The utility model discloses a nozzle can make the content of effective gas in the synthetic gas higher, and the residual carbon content of lime-ash is lower.

Description

Gasification burner and gasification furnace
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a gasification nozzle and gasifier.
Background
With the social progress, the requirement for environmental protection is also higher and higher. Organic waste is produced in enormous quantities each year and if left untreated, it can be a source of pollution if discharged directly into the environment.
The existing entrained flow coal gasification technology is as follows: coal water slurry (or coal powder) and oxygen enter an entrained-flow bed gasification furnace through a gasification burner (the coal amount per day of a single furnace can reach 3000 tons), and high-temperature synthesis gas (CO and H) is generated2Etc.) are purified and then used for producing synthetic ammonia, methanol, hydrogen production, IGCC power generation and the like. The gasification technology is an environment-friendly large-scale advanced coal gasification technology, and has the following advantages: the molten liquid slag is discharged after being chilled and solidified, most heavy metals contained in the coal are solidified in the slag, and the influence on the environment is small; the whole gasification process does not discharge SO2Organic pollutants such as NOx and dioxin; the discharged wastewater does not contain organic matters and is easy to treat.
However, when the entrained-flow coal gasification technology is used for treating organic waste, the organic waste and the gasifying agent cannot be sufficiently mixed at the outlet of the burner due to the structure of the burner, and thus efficient resource utilization of the organic waste cannot be realized.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a neotype gasification nozzle and gasifier are provided in order to overcome the defect that the four-channel nozzle among the prior art fails organic waste and gasification agent intensive mixing, thereby can't realize organic waste's high-efficient resource utilization in the nozzle exit.
The utility model discloses a following technical scheme solves above-mentioned technical problem:
the utility model provides a gasification burner, which comprises an outer ring spray head, a middle ring spray head, an inner ring spray head and a central spray head which are arranged from outside to inside in sequence; the outlet end faces of the middle ring spray head, the inner ring spray head and the central spray head are all contracted in the outer ring spray head; a first slurry channel is formed between the inner side wall of the outer ring spray head and the outer side wall of the middle ring spray head; splitting the gasification burner along the axis of the gasification burner, wherein at the outlet end of the first slurry channel, the inner side wall of the outer ring nozzle and the outer side wall of the middle ring nozzle are arc surfaces bent to the axis of the gasification burner; the distance between the starting point of the arc surface of the inner side wall of the outer ring nozzle and the axis of the gasification nozzle is x2The distance between the end point of the arc surface of the inner side wall of the outer ring nozzle and the axis of the gasification nozzle is x1
A mixed outlet part is formed among the part of the outer ring spray head, which exceeds the middle ring spray head, the inner ring spray head and the center spray head, the outlet end surface of the middle ring spray head, the outlet end surface of the inner ring spray head and the outlet end surface of the center spray head; the included angle delta between the inner side wall of the mixing outlet part and the outlet end surface of the mixing outlet part is 100-150 degrees; the distance h between the outlet end face of the inner ring spray head and the outlet end face of the mixing outlet part is 10-150 mm; and (x)2-x1) The/h is 0.5-3.
In the above gasification burner, (x)2-x1) The/h can be, for example, 0.8.
In the above gasification burner, x1Preferably 40-160mm, for example 70 mm.
In the gasification burner, the distance h between the end point of the arc surface of the inner side wall of the outer ring nozzle and the outlet end surface of the mixed outlet part1Preferably 5-100mm and may be, for example, 100 mm.
In the gasification burner, the outer ring nozzle, the middle ring nozzle, the inner ring nozzle and the center nozzle can be coaxially arranged according to the conventional practice in the field.
In the gasification burner described above, the first slurry channel may be of equal width as is conventional in the art.
In the gasification burner, the first slurry channel is generally used for introducing organic waste into the gasification furnace, and the organic waste can be one or more of domestic sewage, paper-making waste liquid, starch wastewater, sludge slurry, oil-containing slurry and biomass slurry. The first slurry channel may also be used to pass the coal-water slurry into the gasifier when the amount of organic waste is low.
Preferably, the gasification burner is provided with two conveying pipelines for conveying materials to the first slurry channel, wherein one conveying pipeline is used for conveying one organic waste, the other conveying pipeline is used for conveying coal water slurry or another organic waste, and valves are respectively arranged on the conveying pipelines. When the waste is more, only the organic waste is conveyed into the first slurry channel. When the organic waste is less, only the coal water slurry is conveyed into the first slurry channel. When several organic wastes cannot be pulped together, different waste pulps can be treated in turn by activating different conveying pipelines. According to the technical scheme, the types of the raw materials entering the first slurry channel can be flexibly adjusted and changed by starting different conveying pipelines.
In the gasification burner, preferably, the outlet end faces of the middle ring nozzle, the inner ring nozzle and the central nozzle are flush.
In the gasification burner, a first gasifying agent channel is formed between the inner side wall of the middle ring nozzle and the outer side wall of the inner ring nozzle, the first gasifying agent channel is used for introducing a gasifying agent into the gasification furnace, and the type of the gasifying agent can be conventional in the field, and can be one or more of steam, air, oxygen-enriched air and pure oxygen.
In the gasification burner, a second slurry channel is formed between the inner side wall of the inner ring nozzle and the outer side wall of the central nozzle, and the second slurry channel is used for introducing coal water slurry or coal powder into the gasification furnace.
In the gasification burner, the central nozzle encloses to form a second gasification agent channel, the second gasification agent channel is used for introducing a gasification agent into the gasification furnace, and the type of the gasification agent can be conventional in the art, and can be one or more of steam, air, oxygen-enriched air and pure oxygen.
Wherein the outlet end of the second gasifying agent channel is configured as a hollow cylinder as is conventional in the art.
In the gasification burner, preferably, the outer contraction angle α of the central nozzle is 60-80 degrees, the outer contraction angle β of the inner ring nozzle is 50-70 degrees, the outer contraction angle γ of the middle ring nozzle is 40-60 degrees, the outer contraction angle θ of the outer ring nozzle is 30-55 degrees, α is greater than β and γ is greater than θ, wherein the outer contraction angle of the central nozzle refers to an included angle between the inner side wall of the central nozzle and the outlet end face of the mixing outlet, the outer contraction angle of the inner ring nozzle refers to an included angle between the inner side wall of the inner ring nozzle and the outlet end face of the mixing outlet, the outer contraction angle of the middle ring nozzle refers to an included angle between the inner side wall of the middle ring nozzle and the outlet end face of the mixing outlet, and the outer contraction angle of the outer ring nozzle refers to an included angle between the inner side wall of the outer ring nozzle and the outlet end face of the mixing.
In the gasification burner, a cooling system can be arranged on the outer side of the outlet end of the gasification burner according to the conventional method in the field.
In a preferred embodiment of the gasification burner described above, x140-160mm, and the distance h between the end point of the arc surface of the inner side wall of the outer ring spray head and the outlet end surface of the mixing outlet part15-100mm, and the external contraction angle theta of the external ring spray head is 30-55 degrees.
The utility model also provides a gasifier, the gasifier is equipped with aforementioned gasification nozzle.
In the gasification furnace, the gasification furnace may be an entrained flow gasification furnace.
The utility model discloses an actively advance the effect and lie in: the utility model discloses a gasification nozzle can make organic waste and gasification agent intensive mixing to realize organic waste's atomizing and reaction better, and then realize organic waste's high-efficient resource utilization. In particular, the syngas has a higher content of available gas and a lower content of carbon residue in ash. Furthermore, the gasification burner of the present invention is less abrasive.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gasification burner according to various embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of each proportional gasification burner.
Description of reference numerals:
outer ring sprinkler head 10
Middle ring nozzle 20
Inner ring nozzle 30
Center nozzle 40
First slurry channel 50
First gasifying agent passage 60
Second slurry channel 70
Second gasifying agent channel 80
Mixing outlet 90
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by way of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
In the following embodiments, the outer contraction angle α of the central nozzle refers to the angle between the inner side wall of the central nozzle and the outlet end face of the mixing outlet, the outer contraction angle β of the inner ring nozzle refers to the angle between the inner side wall of the inner ring nozzle and the outlet end face of the mixing outlet, the outer contraction angle γ of the middle ring nozzle refers to the angle between the inner side wall of the middle ring nozzle and the outlet end face of the mixing outlet, and the outer contraction angle θ of the outer ring nozzle refers to the angle between the inner side wall of the outer ring nozzle and the outlet end face of the mixing outlet.
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0002386192080000051
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0002386192080000061
EXAMPLE 1 gasification burner
As shown in fig. 1, the gasification burner comprises four coaxially arranged nozzles, namely an outer ring nozzle 10, a middle ring nozzle 20, an inner ring nozzle 30 and a center nozzle 40 from outside to inside; the outlet end faces of the middle ring spray head 20, the inner ring spray head 30 and the center spray head 40 are all contracted in the outer ring spray head 10; a first slurry channel 50 is formed between the inner side wall of the outer ring nozzle 10 and the outer side wall of the middle ring nozzle 20, the gasification burner is cut along the axis of the gasification burner, and at the outlet end of the first slurry channel 50, the inner side wall of the outer ring nozzle 10 and the outer side wall of the middle ring nozzle 20 are arc surfaces bent to the axis of the gasification burner; the distance between the starting point of the arc surface of the inner side wall of the outer ring nozzle 10 and the axis of the gasification nozzle is x2The distance between the end point of the arc surface of the inner side wall of the outer ring nozzle 10 and the axis of the gasification nozzle is x1
A mixed outlet 90 is formed between the part of the outer ring spray head 10, which exceeds the middle ring spray head 20, the inner ring spray head 30 and the center spray head 40, and the outlet end face of the middle ring spray head 20, the outlet end face of the inner ring spray head 30 and the outlet end face of the center spray head 40; the included angle delta between the inner side wall of the mixing outlet 90 and the outlet end face of the mixing outlet 90 is 120 degrees; the distance h between the outlet end face of the inner ring nozzle 30 and the outlet end face of the mixing outlet 90 is 15 mm; the remaining structural parameters are shown in the table above.
Wherein, the outlet end surfaces of the middle ring spray nozzle 20, the inner ring spray nozzle 30 and the center spray nozzle 40 are flush.
Wherein the first slurry channel 50 is of equal width.
Wherein the first slurry channel 50 is used for passing the organic waste into the gasification furnace.
Wherein, a first gasifying agent channel 60 is formed between the inner side wall of the middle ring spray head 20 and the outer side wall of the inner ring spray head 30, and the first gasifying agent channel 60 is used for introducing gasifying agents into the gasification furnace.
Wherein, a second slurry channel 70 is formed between the inner side wall of the inner ring spray nozzle 30 and the outer side wall of the central spray nozzle 40, and the second slurry channel 70 is used for introducing the coal water slurry into the gasification furnace.
Wherein, the central nozzle 40 encloses to form a second gasifying agent channel 80, and the second gasifying agent channel 80 is used for leading the gasifying agent into the gasification furnace.
Wherein the outlet end of the second gasifying agent passage 80 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape.
Wherein, the external contraction angle α of the central nozzle 40 is 75 °, the external contraction angle β of the inner ring nozzle 30 is 70 °, the external contraction angle γ of the middle ring nozzle 20 is 60 °, and the external contraction angle θ of the outer ring nozzle 10 is 50 °.
Wherein, the outside of the export tip of gasification nozzle is provided with cooling system.
Application example 1 gasification Process
The following experiment was carried out after the gasification burner of example 1 was mounted in the gasification furnace disclosed in patent application No. 98110616.1:
and (3) introducing the organic wastes into the first slurry channel 50, introducing the gasifying agent into the first gasifying agent channel 60 and the second gasifying agent channel 80, and introducing the coal water slurry into the second slurry channel 70.
Wherein the organic waste is 52 wt% oily sludge with a flow rate of 11.47m3H, the flow rate is 2.36 m/s; the temperature of the gasifying agent is 25 ℃, the type of the gasifying agent is oxygen with the volume concentration of 98 percent, and the flow rate of the gasifying agent in the first gasifying agent channel 60 is 22199Nm3H, the flow rate of the gasifying agent in the second gasifying agent passage 80 is 4873Nm3The flow velocity of the gasifying agent in the first gasifying agent channel 60 is 122.14m/s, and the flow velocity of the gasifying agent in the second gasifying agent channel 80 is 126.74 m/s; the water-coal-slurry in the second slurry passage 70 is 61 wt% water-coal-slurry, the temperature is 50 ℃, and the flow rate is 45.87m3H, the flow rate is 8.38 m/s;
wherein the operation pressure of the gasification furnace is 6.5MPa (G).
The technical effects are as follows: the make gas component of the syngas (the "make gas" refers to CO and H2And (v/v) up to 85%, ash carbon residue of 3 wt%, and the product (the product refers to synthesis gas and ash) contains no organic pollutants such as benzene series, phenols, polychlorinated biphenyl, dioxin, tar and the like.
EXAMPLE 2 gasification burner
The specific structural parameters of the gasification burner shown in FIG. 1 are shown in the table above.
Application example 2 gasification method
The gasification burner of example 2 was used, the gasification parameters are as given in the table above, and the rest of the procedure was the same as the gasification process of application example 1.
The technical effects are as follows: the make gas component of the syngas (the "make gas" refers to CO and H2And) 29% (v/v), ash carbon residue 5.3 wt%, and the product (the product refers to synthesis gas and ash) contains no organic pollutants such as benzene series, phenols, polychlorinated biphenyl, dioxin, tar, etc.
EXAMPLE 3 gasification burner
The specific structural parameters of the gasification burner shown in FIG. 1 are shown in the table above.
Application example 3 gasification Process
The gasification burner of example 3 was used, the gasification parameters are as given in the table above, and the rest of the procedure was the same as the gasification process of application example 1.
The technical effects are as follows: the make gas component of the syngas (the "make gas" refers to CO and H2And) 49% (v/v) and 3 wt% of ash carbon residue, and the product (the product refers to synthesis gas and ash) contains no organic pollutants such as benzene series, phenols, polychlorinated biphenyl, dioxin, tar and the like.
Comparative example 1 gasification burner
In the gasification burner shown in fig. 2, the outer contraction angle α of the central nozzle is 75 °, the outer contraction angle β of the inner ring nozzle is 70 °, the outer contraction angle γ of the middle ring nozzle is 60 °, the outer contraction angle θ of the outer ring nozzle is 50 °, and specific structural parameters are shown in example 1 of patent document ZL 201410804533.5.
Application of comparative example 1 gasification Process
The gasification burner of comparative example 1 was used, and the rest was the same as the gasification method in application example 1.
The technical effects are as follows: the make gas component of the syngas (the "make gas" refers to CO and H2And) 84% (v/v) for ash residue of 4.6 wt%.
Comparative example 2 gasification burner
In the gasification burner shown in fig. 2, the outer contraction angle α of the central nozzle is 60 °, the outer contraction angle β of the inner ring nozzle is 50 °, the outer contraction angle γ of the middle ring nozzle is 40 °, the outer contraction angle θ of the outer ring nozzle is 30 °, and specific structural parameters are shown in example 1 of patent document ZL 201410804533.5.
Application of comparative example 2 gasification Process
The gasification burner of comparative example 2 was used, and the rest was the same as the gasification method in application example 2.
The technical effects are as follows: the make gas component of the syngas (the "make gas" refers to CO and H2And (v/v) 26% by weight and 5.8% by weight of ash carbon residue.
Comparative example 3 gasification burner
In the gasification burner shown in fig. 2, the outer contraction angle α of the central nozzle is 80 °, the outer contraction angle β of the inner ring nozzle is 70 °, the outer contraction angle γ of the middle ring nozzle is 60 °, the outer contraction angle θ of the outer ring nozzle is 55 °, and specific structural parameters are shown in example 1 of patent document ZL 201410804533.5.
Application of comparative example 3 gasification Process
The gasification burner of comparative example 3 was used, and the rest was the same as the gasification method in application example 3.
The technical effects are as follows: the make gas component of the syngas (the "make gas" refers to CO and H2And (v/v) 43% by weight and 3.4% by weight of ash carbon residue.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and the principles of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A gasification burner is characterized by comprising an outer ring nozzle, a middle ring nozzle, an inner ring nozzle and a center nozzle which are arranged from outside to inside in sequence; the middle ring spray head, the inner ring spray head and the middle ringThe outlet end faces of the core nozzles are all contracted in the outer ring nozzle; a first slurry channel is formed between the inner side wall of the outer ring spray head and the outer side wall of the middle ring spray head; splitting the gasification burner along the axis of the gasification burner, wherein at the outlet end of the first slurry channel, the inner side wall of the outer ring nozzle and the outer side wall of the middle ring nozzle are arc surfaces bent to the axis of the gasification burner; the distance between the starting point of the arc surface of the inner side wall of the outer ring nozzle and the axis of the gasification nozzle is x2The distance between the end point of the arc surface of the inner side wall of the outer ring nozzle and the axis of the gasification nozzle is x1
A mixed outlet part is formed among the part of the outer ring spray head, which exceeds the middle ring spray head, the inner ring spray head and the center spray head, the outlet end surface of the middle ring spray head, the outlet end surface of the inner ring spray head and the outlet end surface of the center spray head; the included angle delta between the inner side wall of the mixing outlet part and the outlet end surface of the mixing outlet part is 100-150 degrees; the distance h between the outlet end face of the inner ring spray head and the outlet end face of the mixing outlet part is 10-150 mm; and (x)2-x1) The/h is 0.5-3.
2. A gasification burner in accordance with claim 1 wherein x140-160 mm; the distance h between the end point of the arc surface of the inner side wall of the outer ring spray head and the outlet end surface of the mixed outlet part1Is 5-100 mm; the external contraction angle theta of the external ring spray head is 30-55 degrees.
3. A gasification burner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gasification burner is provided with two feed lines for feeding material to the first slurry channel, wherein one feed line is for feeding one organic waste and the other feed line is for feeding a coal water slurry or another organic waste, and wherein the feed lines are provided with valves, respectively.
4. A gasification burner in accordance with claim 1 wherein said first slurry channel is of equal width; the first slurry channel is used for introducing the organic waste into the gasification furnace; a first gasifying agent channel is formed between the inner side wall of the middle ring spray head and the outer side wall of the inner ring spray head and is used for introducing a gasifying agent into the gasification furnace; a second slurry channel is formed between the inner side wall of the inner ring spray nozzle and the outer side wall of the central spray nozzle, and the second slurry channel is used for introducing coal water slurry or coal powder into the gasification furnace; and the central nozzle is enclosed to form a second gasifying agent channel, and the second gasifying agent channel is used for introducing a gasifying agent into the gasification furnace.
5. A gasification burner in accordance with claim 4 wherein the outlet end of said second gasification agent passage is configured as a hollow cylinder.
6. A gasification burner in accordance with claim 1 wherein a cooling system is provided outside the outlet end of the gasification burner.
7. A gasification burner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the outlet end faces of the intermediate ring spray tip, the inner ring spray tip, and the center spray tip are flush.
8. A gasification burner in accordance with claim 1 wherein said central tip has an outer convergence α of 60-80 °, said inner ring tip has an outer convergence β of 50-70 °, said intermediate ring tip has an outer convergence γ of 40-60 °, said outer ring tip has an outer convergence θ of 30-55 °, and α > β > γ > θ.
9. A gasification furnace characterized in that the gasification furnace is provided with the gasification burner according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The gasifier according to claim 9, wherein the gasifier is an entrained flow gasifier.
CN201920848524.4U 2019-06-06 2019-06-06 Gasification burner and gasification furnace Active CN210620729U (en)

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