CN210612379U - Leveling switching mechanism for wheelchair downstairs and downhill - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a leveling switching mechanism for downstairs and downslopes of a wheelchair, which has two states, one state is a flat ground state, and in the state, the wheelchair walks by landing two rear universal wheels, and an undercarriage is suspended and retracted behind the wheelchair; the other is a downstairs state, in which the landing gear is put down and landed, and the two rear universal wheels are retracted outside the two supporting side plates; the landing gear is provided with a star wheel, and the function of going down stairs is realized through the star wheel; the two states are mutually converted through a set conversion mechanism; when the bicycle runs on the ground, the universal wheels are less limited when the bicycle runs on the ground, and compared with the existing bicycle which runs on the ground by directly adopting star wheels, the steering of the rear wheels is more flexible; the mechanism also comprises a seat leveling mechanism which is used for lifting the front side of the seat when the wheelchair goes downstairs and goes downhill, so that the seat surface can be kept in a horizontal state, and the danger caused by forward leaning of the body of a user is avoided; when on the flat ground, the front side of the seat is lowered to be returned.

Description

Leveling switching mechanism for wheelchair downstairs and downhill

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an adjusting device for wheelchair downstairs and downhill, in particular to a leveling and switching mechanism for wheelchair downstairs and downhill.

Background

The wheelchair is an indispensable travel tool for the elderly, the infirm and the disabled with the injured lower limbs, the range of motion of wheelchair users is gradually enlarged along with the increase of barrier-free facilities, but the wheelchair is greatly limited by stairs; in our life, many storied buildings are not provided with elevators, and in addition, many places including public places such as hospitals, parks, schools, subway stations and the like also have steps, so that a great deal of inconvenience is brought to special people who need to use wheelchairs, such as the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled; the wheelchair and the electric wheelchair can run on a flat road surface with the gradient less than 12 degrees, but cannot cross when meeting stairs; in order to solve the practical problem that the special crowds are difficult to go up and down stairs and steps, a plurality of stair climbing wheelchairs are provided at present.

The existing stair climbing wheelchairs can be divided into continuous stair climbing wheelchairs and intermittent stair climbing wheelchairs, and can be divided into star wheel type, crawler type, rail type, stepping support type and other wheelchairs according to the principle of realizing stair climbing function.

The stair climbing mechanism of the star wheel type stair climbing wheelchair consists of a plurality of small wheels which are uniformly distributed on a Y-shaped, five-star or cross-shaped tie bar; each small wheel can rotate around the respective axis and can also revolve around the central shaft along with the tie rod; when walking on the flat ground, each small wheel rotates automatically, and when climbing stairs, each small wheel revolves together, thereby realizing the function of climbing stairs; in the prior art, as in the application of the Chinese utility model with the patent application number of 201110097167.0, a planetary wheel type stair climbing electric wheelchair is disclosed, and the stair climbing wheelchair walks on the flat ground by a front universal wheel and a small roller on a rear star wheel; when going upstairs and downstairs, the star wheel contacts the stair surface, and the small wheels on the star wheel revolve together, so that the function of climbing stairs is realized; many star wheel formula stairs-climbing wheelchairs on the market at present also all adopt similar structure, and the shortcoming of this kind of device is: the rear star wheel has a quite complex structure, when the bicycle runs on flat ground, the lateral force is large during turning, the rear wheel cannot flexibly rotate, and the turning is difficult; in addition, the existing wheelchair rarely has the function of leveling and lifting the seat, and when the user encounters a downhill road or goes down stairs, the body of the user leans forward, so that potential safety hazards exist.

Disclosure of Invention

Under the premise of the background, the utility model provides a wheelchair is downstairs downhill path and is used leveling conversion mechanism, this mechanism possess two kinds of user states, one is the level land state, under this state, through two rear universal wheels landing and walking, the undercarriage hangs and packs up at the wheelchair rear, the wheelchair rear wheel can turn in a flexible way under this state; the other is a downstairs state, in which the undercarriage is put down and landed, and the two rear universal wheels are retracted outside the two supporting side plates, so that the interference between the universal wheels and stair steps is avoided when the undercarriage goes downstairs; the landing gear is provided with a star wheel, and the function of going down stairs is realized through the star wheel; the two states are mutually converted through a set conversion mechanism; the required mechanisms can be switched according to different road conditions; when the bicycle runs on the ground, the universal wheels are less limited when the bicycle runs on the ground, and compared with the existing bicycle which runs on the ground by directly adopting star wheels, the steering of the rear wheels is more flexible; the mechanism also comprises a seat leveling mechanism which is used for lifting the front side of the seat when the wheelchair goes downstairs and goes downhill, so that the seat surface can be kept in a horizontal state, and the danger caused by forward leaning of the body of a user is avoided; when on the flat ground, the front side of the seat is lowered to be returned.

The utility model adopts the technical scheme as follows: a leveling and switching mechanism for a wheelchair to go downstairs and go downhill comprises a wheelchair seat, wherein two supporting side plates are vertically arranged on two sides of the seat; two rear universal wheels are symmetrically arranged at the outer side and the rear lower corner of the two supporting side plates; two star-shaped front driving wheels are symmetrically arranged on the outer sides and the front lower corners of the two supporting side plates; the rear part of the inner sides of the two supporting side plates is provided with an undercarriage; a switching mechanism and a seat leveling mechanism are arranged on the inner sides of the two supporting side plates and below the wheelchair seat; the two rear universal wheels are used for the wheelchair to walk on the flat ground, the state is a flat ground state, the two rear universal wheels land and walk under the state, and the undercarriage is suspended and retracted behind the wheelchair; the undercarriage is used for the wheelchair to go downstairs, the undercarriage is in a downstairs state, the undercarriage is put down to land and run, and meanwhile, the two rear universal wheels are retracted outside the two supporting side plates; the landing gear is provided with a star wheel, and the function of going down stairs is realized through the star wheel; the switching mechanism is used for switching between a flat ground state and a downstairs state; the seat leveling mechanism is used for lifting the front side of the seat when the wheelchair goes downstairs and goes downhill and lowering and returning the front side of the seat when the wheelchair goes on flat ground.

Further, the conversion mechanism includes: the device comprises a polish rod shaft I, a hinge pin shaft, a universal wheel mounting block, a connecting sheet, a rod piece I, a sleeve, a polish rod shaft II, a polish rod shaft III, a rod piece II, a polish rod shaft IV and an electric push rod I;

a polish rod shaft I is arranged between the two supporting side plates and at the rear lower corner, two ends of the polish rod shaft I vertically penetrate through the supporting side plates and extend to the outer sides of the supporting side plates, and the polish rod shaft I is fixedly connected with the two supporting side plates;

the rear lower corners of the two supporting side plates are provided with arc-shaped sliding grooves concentric with the polish rod shaft, and hinge pin shafts are arranged in the sliding grooves in a sliding manner; the hinge pin shaft is perpendicular to the support side plate, the outer side of the hinge pin shaft is provided with an integrally connected pin shaft clamping head, the pin shaft clamping head is positioned on the outer side of the support side plate, the inner side of the hinge pin shaft vertically penetrates through the sliding groove and extends to the inner side of the support side plate, the right end of the hinge pin shaft is in threaded connection with a flange nut, and an optical axis is arranged between the pin shaft clamping head and the;

the rear lower corners of the outer sides of the two supporting side plates are respectively provided with a universal wheel mounting block, the upper end and the lower end of each universal wheel mounting block are provided with mounting through holes, the middle of the outer side surface protrudes outwards to form a cylindrical wheel mounting part, and the axis position of the wheel mounting part is provided with the mounting through holes; the lower end of the universal wheel mounting block is hinged to a polish rod shaft I, and a flange nut at one end of the polish rod shaft is close to the outer side surface of the universal wheel mounting block; the upper end of the universal wheel mounting block is hinged on a hinge pin shaft, the hinge pin shaft vertically penetrates through a mounting through hole at the upper end of the universal wheel mounting block, and a pin shaft chuck of the hinge pin shaft is close to the outer side surface of the universal wheel mounting block;

two symmetrical connecting sheets are respectively installed on the inner side surfaces of the two supporting side plates, the connecting sheets are parallel to the universal wheel installation block on the outer side, installation through holes are formed in the upper end and the lower end of each connecting sheet, the lower end of each connecting sheet is hinged to the first polished rod shaft, and the upper end of each connecting sheet is hinged to the hinge pin shaft;

two symmetrical first rod pieces are arranged between the two connecting pieces, mounting through holes are formed in two ends of the first rod piece, the upper end of the first rod piece is hinged to a hinge pin shaft, a sleeve is sleeved on the hinge pin shaft between the first rod piece and the connecting pieces to separate the first rod piece and the connecting pieces, and a flange nut on the inner side of the hinge pin shaft is close to the inner side surface of the first rod piece; the lower end of the rod piece extends backwards and downwards;

a second polished rod shaft is arranged between the first two rod pieces, and two ends of the second polished rod shaft penetrate through holes at the lower ends of the first two rod pieces and are fixedly connected;

a third parallel polished rod shaft is arranged in front of and above the first polished rod shaft, two ends of the third polished rod shaft are vertically fixed on the supporting side plates on two sides, and two ends of the third polished rod shaft are positioned outside and above the arc-shaped sliding groove;

two symmetrical rod pieces II are arranged between the two rod pieces I, mounting through holes are formed in the two ends of each rod piece II, the upper ends of the rod pieces II are hinged to the polish rod shaft III, and the lower ends of the rod pieces II are hinged to the polish rod shaft II;

a fourth parallel polish rod shaft is arranged in front of the first polish rod shaft and in the middle front of the lower edge of the supporting side plate, and two ends of the fourth polish rod shaft are vertically fixed on the supporting side plates on two sides;

the front end of the first electric push rod is hinged to the middle of the fourth optical rod shaft, and the rear end of the first electric push rod is hinged to the middle of the second optical rod shaft;

the two rear universal wheels are rotatably arranged on the universal wheel mounting block.

The rear universal wheel comprises a universal wheel pin shaft, a wheel carrier, a wheel and a damping spring, the universal wheel pin shaft penetrates through the mounting through hole of the wheel mounting part from the rear and then is fixedly connected to the wheel carrier, the rear end of the universal wheel pin shaft is provided with a clamping head to prevent the universal wheel pin shaft from being separated from the wheel mounting part, the damping spring is sleeved on the universal wheel pin shaft between the wheel carrier and the wheel mounting part, and the damping spring is clamped between the wheel carrier and the wheel mounting part; wheels are mounted on the wheel carrier; the damping spring is additionally arranged, so that the vibration from the ground can be alleviated when the rear universal wheel lands and travels, the vibration energy can be absorbed and alleviated in time, the bumping and shaking amplitude of the wheelchair during traveling is effectively reduced, and the comfort of the wheelchair during traveling is improved.

Further, the landing gear includes: a polished rod shaft five, two shock absorbers, a polished rod shaft six, two electric push rods two, a star wheel, a rod piece three and a rod piece four;

a polish rod shaft five is arranged behind the polish rod shaft one in parallel, and two ends of the polish rod shaft five are hinged with a polish rod shaft two above the polish rod shaft five through two shock absorbers; the two shock absorbers are symmetrically arranged, the front ends of the shock absorbers are hinged to the second polished rod shaft, and the rear ends of the shock absorbers extend backwards and downwards and are hinged to the fifth polished rod shaft; the two shock absorbers can improve the comfort of a user when the wheelchair goes upstairs and downstairs and weaken the bumping feeling caused by going upstairs and downstairs;

a polish rod shaft six is arranged below the polish rod shaft five through two electric push rods II; the two electric push rods are symmetrically arranged, the upper ends of the two electric push rods are hinged on the polish rod shaft five, and the lower ends of the two electric push rods are hinged on the polish rod shaft six;

two star-shaped wheels are mounted at six ends of the polish rod shaft;

the front end, the middle part and the rear end of the third rod piece are provided with mounting through holes, and the front end of the third rod piece is hinged on the first polished rod shaft; the middle part of the rod piece III is hinged on a polish rod shaft V, and the polish rod shaft V penetrates through the mounting through hole in the middle part of the rod piece III; the rear end of the rod piece III is hinged with a rod piece IV;

the fourth rod piece is vertically and obliquely installed, installation through holes are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the fourth rod piece, the upper end of the fourth rod piece is hinged with the rear end of the third rod piece, and the lower end of the fourth rod piece extends forwards and downwards and is hinged to the shaft six of the polish rod.

Furthermore, the star wheel adopts a Y-shaped star wheel.

Further, the seat leveling mechanism includes: the device comprises an L-shaped support rod, a guide rail, a sliding block, a polish rod shaft seven, a polish rod shaft eight, a polish rod shaft nine, an L-shaped connecting side plate, two J-shaped rod pieces and two front adjusting electric push rods;

an L-shaped support rod is fixedly connected below the left side and the right side of the seat, and the front end of the L-shaped support rod extends downwards to form a first connecting part; the lower surface of the L-shaped support rod and the rear side of the connecting part are fixedly provided with guide rails, and sliding blocks are arranged in the sliding grooves and the rear side of the guide rails in a sliding manner; a cylindrical shaft sleeve is arranged in the center of the lower surface of the sliding block, and a shaft sleeve connecting through hole is formed in the shaft sleeve;

the polish rod shaft seven is arranged between the two supporting side plates and at the middle lower part of the front side, and the left end and the right end of the polish rod shaft seven are vertically and fixedly connected with the supporting side plates at the two sides; the polish rod shaft eight is arranged between the first connecting parts at the front ends of the two L-shaped supporting rods, and the left end and the right end of the polish rod shaft eight are vertically and fixedly connected with the first connecting parts at the two sides; the polish rod shaft nine is arranged between the two sliding blocks, and the left end and the right end of the polish rod shaft nine vertically penetrate through the shaft sleeves on the two sides;

the L-shaped connecting side plates are L-shaped and are parallelly installed on the inner side surfaces of the two supporting side plates, the rear ends of the L-shaped connecting side plates are fixedly connected with the tail ends of the extended polished rod shafts, the front ends of the L-shaped connecting side plates extend downwards and are rotatably hinged on a polished rod shaft seven, and connecting shaft parts are arranged in the middle of the L-shaped connecting side plates; the polish rod shaft ten and the polish rod shaft seven are arranged in parallel, and two ends of the polish rod shaft ten and the polish rod shaft seven are vertically and fixedly connected with the connecting shaft parts at two sides;

the two J-shaped rod pieces are J-shaped and are symmetrically arranged between the two supporting side plates in parallel, and the front ends of the J-shaped rod pieces are rotatably hinged on the polished rod shaft eight; the middle rear part of the J-shaped rod piece is provided with a through hole which is hinged on a polish rod shaft ten, and the polish rod shaft ten passes through the through hole; the tail part of the J-shaped rod piece is bent downwards;

the front ends of the two front adjusting electric push rods are hinged to a polish rod shaft seven, and the rear ends of the two front adjusting electric push rods are positioned below the polish rod shaft ten and hinged to the tail of the J-shaped rod;

the height of the front side of the seat is adjusted through the two front adjusting electric push rods, and when the seat is in the lowest state, namely not lifted, the two front adjusting electric push rods are in an extension state; the two front adjusting electric push rods are controlled to be shortened, the front side of the seat is controlled to be lifted, the two front adjusting electric push rods are controlled to be extended, and the front side of the seat is lowered to be reset.

The electric push rod in the device adopts the electric push rod with the self-locking function.

Furthermore, the mechanism can also be applied to other mobility scooter needing going downstairs and downslopes.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the utility model provides a leveling switching mechanism for downstairs and downslopes of a wheelchair, which has two use states, one is a flat ground state, under the state, the wheelchair can walk by landing two rear universal wheels, and the undercarriage is suspended and retracted behind the wheelchair, under the state, the rear wheels of the wheelchair can flexibly turn; the other is a downstairs state, in which the undercarriage is put down and landed, and the two rear universal wheels are retracted outside the two supporting side plates, so that the interference between the universal wheels and stair steps is avoided when the undercarriage goes downstairs; the landing gear is provided with a star wheel, and the function of going down stairs is realized through the star wheel; the two states are mutually converted through a set conversion mechanism; the required mechanisms can be switched according to different road conditions; when the bicycle runs on the ground, the universal wheels are less limited when the bicycle runs on the ground, and compared with the existing bicycle which runs on the ground by directly adopting star wheels, the steering of the rear wheels is more flexible; the mechanism also comprises a seat leveling mechanism which is used for lifting the front side of the seat when the wheelchair goes downstairs and goes downhill, so that the seat surface can be kept in a horizontal state, and the danger caused by forward leaning of the body of a user is avoided; when on the flat ground, the front side of the seat is lowered to be returned.

Better, all be provided with shock-absorbing structure under two kinds of states, can cushion and inhale the shake, reduce the wheelchair range of jolting, improve the riding comfort.

In addition, the electric push rod II arranged on the undercarriage can adjust the wheel track of the front wheel and the rear wheel of the wheelchair to adapt to steps with different widths, so that the front wheel and the rear wheel can be stably placed on the steps to walk, the safety is improved, and the application range of the wheelchair is also improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of the utility model in a downstairs state.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the utility model in the downstairs state.

Fig. 3 is a third schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the utility model in the downstairs state.

Fig. 4 is a first schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention in a flat ground state.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention in a flat ground state.

Fig. 6 is the detailed structure schematic diagram of the outer side of the universal wheel mounting block of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the inner side detail structure of the rear side of the two supporting side plates of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a detailed structure of the lower seat leveling mechanism of the seat of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the rear universal wheel of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the position of the middle spectroscope shaft in the flat ground state according to the present invention.

In the figure: the seat comprises a seat 1, a supporting side plate 2, a sliding groove 201, a rear universal wheel 3, a universal wheel pin shaft 301, a wheel carrier 302, a wheel 303, a damping spring 304, a front driving wheel 4, a landing gear 5, a star wheel 6, a polish rod shaft I7, a hinge pin shaft 8, a pin shaft chuck 801, a flange nut 802, a universal wheel mounting block 9, a wheel mounting portion 901, a connecting sheet 10, a rod piece I11, a sleeve 12, a polish rod shaft II 13, a polish rod shaft III 14, a rod piece II 15, a polish rod shaft IV 16, an electric push rod I17, a polish rod shaft V18, a damper 19, a polish rod shaft VI 20, an electric push rod II 21, a rod piece III 23, a rod piece IV 24, an L-shaped supporting rod 25, a connecting portion I2501, a guide rail 26, a sliding block 27, a shaft sleeve 2701, a polish rod shaft VII 28, a polish rod shaft eight 29, a polish rod shaft nine 30, an L-shaped connecting side plate 31.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated; thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two components can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and the two components can be communicated with each other; the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

For convenience of description, the present invention will be described in a state where the undercarriage is lowered to land for walking and the seat leveling mechanism is raised.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a leveling and switching mechanism for a wheelchair to go downstairs and descend comprises a wheelchair seat 1, wherein two supporting side plates 2 are vertically arranged on two sides of the seat 1; two rear universal wheels 3 are symmetrically arranged at the outer side and the rear lower corner of the two supporting side plates 2; two star-shaped front driving wheels 4 are symmetrically arranged at the outer side and the front lower corner of the two supporting side plates 2; the rear part of the inner sides of the two supporting side plates 2 is provided with an undercarriage 5; a switching mechanism and a seat leveling mechanism are arranged on the inner sides of the two supporting side plates 2 and below the wheelchair seat 1; the two rear universal wheels 3 are used for the wheelchair to walk on the flat ground, and the state is a flat ground state, as shown in fig. 4, in the state, the two rear universal wheels 3 land and walk, and the undercarriage 5 is suspended and retracted behind the wheelchair; the undercarriage 5 is used for the wheelchair to go downstairs, and the state is a downstairs state, as shown in fig. 1, in the state, the undercarriage 5 is put down to land and run, and meanwhile, the two rear universal wheels 3 are retracted outside the two supporting side plates 2; the landing gear 5 is provided with a star wheel 6, and the function of going down stairs is realized through the star wheel 6; the switching mechanism is used for switching between a flat ground state and a downstairs state; the seat leveling mechanism is used for lifting the front side of the seat 1 when the wheelchair goes downstairs and goes downhill, and lowering and returning the front side of the seat 1 when the wheelchair goes on flat ground.

Further, the conversion mechanism includes: the device comprises a polish rod shaft I7, a hinge pin shaft 8, a universal wheel mounting block 9, a connecting sheet 10, a rod piece I11, a sleeve 12, a polish rod shaft II 13, a polish rod shaft III 14, a rod piece II 15, a polish rod shaft IV 16 and an electric push rod I17;

as shown in fig. 3, a polish rod shaft i 7 is mounted between the two supporting side plates 2 and at the rear lower corner, two ends of the polish rod shaft i 7 vertically penetrate through the supporting side plates 2 and extend to the outer sides of the supporting side plates 2, and the polish rod shaft i 7 is fixedly connected with the two supporting side plates 2;

as shown in fig. 3, 6 and 9, the rear lower corners of the two supporting side plates 2 are provided with arc-shaped chutes 201 concentric with the first polish rod shaft 7, and the chutes 201 are internally provided with hinge pins 8 in a sliding manner; the hinge pin shaft 8 is perpendicular to the supporting side plate 2, the outer side of the hinge pin shaft 8 is provided with a pin shaft clamping head 801 which is integrally connected, the pin shaft clamping head 801 is positioned on the outer side of the supporting side plate 2, the inner side of the hinge pin shaft 8 vertically penetrates through the sliding groove 201 and extends to the inner side of the supporting side plate 2, the right end of the hinge pin shaft 8 is in threaded connection with a flange nut 802, and an optical axis is arranged between the pin shaft clamping head 801 and;

as shown in fig. 6 and 9, the rear lower corners of the outer sides of the two supporting side plates 2 are respectively provided with a universal wheel mounting block 9, the upper end and the lower end of the universal wheel mounting block 9 are provided with mounting through holes, the middle of the outer side surface protrudes outwards to form a cylindrical wheel mounting part 901, and the axial position of the wheel mounting part 901 is provided with the mounting through hole; the lower end of the universal wheel mounting block 9 is hinged to the polish rod shaft I7, and a flange nut at the end of the polish rod shaft I7 is close to the outer side face of the universal wheel mounting block 9; the upper end of the universal wheel mounting block 9 is hinged on the hinge pin shaft 8, the hinge pin shaft 8 vertically penetrates through a mounting through hole at the upper end of the universal wheel mounting block 9, and a pin shaft clamping head 801 of the hinge pin shaft 8 is close to the outer side surface of the universal wheel mounting block 9;

as shown in fig. 3, 7 and 9, two symmetrical connecting pieces 10 are respectively installed on the inner side surfaces of the two supporting side plates 2, the connecting pieces 10 are parallel to the universal wheel installing blocks 9 on the outer sides, installing through holes are formed in the upper end and the lower end of each connecting piece 10, the lower end of each connecting piece 10 is hinged to a polish rod shaft I7, and the upper end of each connecting piece 10 is hinged to a hinge pin shaft 8;

two symmetrical first rod pieces 11 are arranged between the two connecting pieces 10, mounting through holes are formed in two ends of the first rod pieces 11, the upper ends of the first rod pieces 11 are hinged to the hinge pin 8, a sleeve 12 is sleeved on the hinge pin 8 between the first rod pieces 11 and the connecting pieces 10 to separate the first rod pieces 11 from the connecting pieces 10, and a flange nut 802 on the inner side of the hinge pin 8 is close to the inner side faces of the first rod pieces 11; the lower end of the first rod piece 11 extends backwards and downwards;

as shown in fig. 3, 7 and 9, a second polished rod shaft 13 is installed between the two first rod pieces 11, and two ends of the second polished rod shaft 13 penetrate through holes at the lower ends of the two first rod pieces 11 and are fixedly connected;

as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 9, a third parallel polish rod shaft 14 is arranged in front of and above the first polish rod shaft 7, two ends of the third polish rod shaft 14 are vertically fixed on the support side plates 2 at two sides, and two ends of the third polish rod shaft 14 are located outside and above the arc-shaped sliding chute 201;

as shown in fig. 3 and 7, two symmetrical second rod pieces 15 are installed between the first two rod pieces 11, installation through holes are formed in two ends of the second rod pieces 15, the upper ends of the second rod pieces 15 are hinged to the third polished rod shaft 14, and the lower ends of the second rod pieces 15 are hinged to the second polished rod shaft 13;

as shown in fig. 3 and 5, a parallel polish rod shaft four 16 is arranged in front of the polish rod shaft one 7 and in the middle front of the lower edge of the support side plate 2, and two ends of the polish rod shaft four 16 are vertically fixed on the support side plates 2 at two sides;

as shown in fig. 3, 5 and 10, the front end of the electric push rod one 17 is hinged in the middle of the optical rod shaft four 16, and the rear end of the electric push rod one 17 is hinged in the middle of the optical rod shaft two 13;

the two rear universal wheels 3 are rotatably mounted on the universal wheel mounting block 3.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, the rear universal wheel 3 includes a universal wheel pin 301, a wheel carrier 302, a wheel 303, and a damping spring 304, the universal wheel pin 301 passes through the mounting through hole of the wheel mounting portion 901 from the rear and then is fixedly connected to the wheel carrier 302, the rear end of the universal wheel pin 301 is a chuck to prevent the universal wheel pin 301 from coming off from the wheel mounting portion 901, the damping spring 304 is sleeved on the universal wheel pin 301 between the wheel carrier 302 and the wheel mounting portion 901, and the damping spring 304 is clamped between the wheel carrier 302 and the wheel mounting portion 901; wheels are mounted on the wheel carrier 302; by additionally arranging the damping spring 304, the rear universal wheel can alleviate the vibration from the ground when walking on the ground and absorb and alleviate the vibration energy in time, so that the bumping and shaking amplitude of the wheelchair during walking is effectively reduced, and the comfort of the wheelchair during walking is improved.

Further, the landing gear 5 includes: a polish rod shaft five 18, two shock absorbers 19, a polish rod shaft six 20, two electric push rods two 21, a star wheel 6, a rod piece three 23 and a rod piece four 24;

as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a polish rod shaft five 18 is arranged in parallel behind the polish rod shaft one 7, and two ends of the polish rod shaft five 18 are hinged to a polish rod shaft two 13 above and in front of the polish rod shaft five 18 through two shock absorbers 19; the two shock absorbers 19 are symmetrically arranged, the front ends of the shock absorbers 19 are hinged on the second polished rod shaft 13, and the rear ends of the shock absorbers 19 extend backwards and downwards and are hinged on the fifth polished rod shaft 18; the two shock absorbers 19 can improve the comfort of the user when the wheelchair goes upstairs and downstairs and weaken the bumping feeling caused by going upstairs and downstairs;

a polish rod shaft six 20 is arranged below the polish rod shaft five 18 through two electric push rods two 21; the two electric push rods (21) are symmetrically arranged, the upper ends of the electric push rods (21) are hinged on the polish rod shaft five 18, and the lower ends of the electric push rods (21) are hinged on the polish rod shaft six 20;

two star wheels 6 are arranged at two ends of the polish rod shaft six 20;

the front end, the middle part and the rear end of the third rod piece 23 are provided with mounting through holes, and the front end of the third rod piece 23 is hinged on the first polished rod shaft 7; the middle part of the third rod piece 23 is hinged on the polish rod shaft five 18, and the polish rod shaft five 18 penetrates through the mounting through hole in the middle part of the third rod piece 23; the rear end of the third rod piece 23 is hinged with a fourth rod piece 24;

the fourth rod piece 24 is vertically and obliquely installed, installation through holes are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the fourth rod piece 24, the upper end of the fourth rod piece 24 is hinged with the rear end of the third rod piece 23, and the lower end of the fourth rod piece 24 extends forwards and downwards and is hinged to the sixth polished rod shaft 20.

Furthermore, the star wheel 6 adopts a Y-shaped star wheel.

Further, the seat leveling mechanism includes: the device comprises an L-shaped support rod 25, a guide rail 26, a slide block 27, a polish rod shaft seven 28, a polish rod shaft eight 29, a polish rod shaft nine 30, an L-shaped connecting side plate 31, two J-shaped rod pieces 32 and two front adjusting electric push rods 33;

as shown in fig. 8, an L-shaped support rod 25 is fixedly connected to the lower portions of the left and right side edges of the seat 1, and the front end of the L-shaped support rod 25 extends downward to form a first connecting portion 2501; a guide rail 26 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the L-shaped support rod 25 and the rear side of the first connecting part 2501, and a sliding block 27 is slidably arranged in a sliding groove and the rear side of the guide rail 26; a cylindrical shaft sleeve 2701 is arranged in the center of the lower surface of the sliding block 27, and a shaft sleeve connecting through hole is formed in the shaft sleeve 2701;

as shown in fig. 8 and 10, the polish rod shaft seven 28 is installed between the two support side plates 2 and at the middle-lower part of the front side, and the left and right ends of the polish rod shaft seven 28 are vertically and fixedly connected with the support side plates 2 at the two sides; the polish rod shaft eight 29 is arranged between the first connecting parts 2501 at the front ends of the two L-shaped support rods 25, and the left end and the right end of the polish rod shaft eight 29 are vertically and fixedly connected with the first connecting parts 2501 at the two sides; the polish rod shaft nine 30 is arranged between the two sliding blocks 27, and the left end and the right end of the polish rod shaft nine 30 vertically penetrate through the shaft sleeves 2701 on the two sides;

as shown in fig. 8, the L-shaped connecting side plate 31 is L-shaped and is installed in parallel on the inner side surfaces of the two supporting side plates 2, the rear end of the L-shaped connecting side plate 31 is fixedly connected with the tail end of the extended polish rod shaft nine 30, the front end of the L-shaped connecting side plate 31 extends downwards and is rotatably hinged on the polish rod shaft seven 28, and the middle part of the L-shaped connecting side plate 31 is provided with a connecting shaft part 3101; the polish rod shaft ten 34 and the polish rod shaft seven 28 are arranged in parallel, and two ends of the polish rod shaft ten 34 are vertically and fixedly connected with the connecting shaft portions 3101 on two sides;

as shown in fig. 8, the two J-shaped rods 32 are J-shaped and are arranged in parallel and symmetrically between the two supporting side plates, and the front ends of the J-shaped rods 32 are rotatably hinged on the polished rod shaft eight 29; a through hole is formed in the middle rear part of the J-shaped rod piece 32 and hinged to the polish rod shaft ten 34, and the polish rod shaft ten 34 penetrates through the through hole; the tail of the J-shaped rod 32 is bent downwards;

the front ends of the two front adjusting electric push rods 33 are hinged on a polish rod shaft seven 28, and the rear ends are positioned below a polish rod shaft ten 34 and hinged with the tail part of the J-shaped rod 33;

the height of the front side of the seat 1 is adjusted through the two front adjusting electric push rods 33, and when the seat 1 is in the lowest state, namely not lifted, the two front adjusting electric push rods 33 are in an extension state as shown in FIG. 5; the two front adjusting electric push rods 33 are controlled to be shortened, the front side of the seat 1 is raised, the two front adjusting electric push rods 33 are controlled to be extended, and the front side of the seat 1 is lowered and returned.

The electric push rod in the device adopts the electric push rod with the self-locking function.

The conversion principle of the conversion mechanism is as follows:

the mutual conversion between the flat ground state and the stair climbing state can be realized through the zooming length of the electric push rod I17 and the limit position of the sliding chute 201, specifically:

(1) as shown in fig. 10, when the wheelchair is walking on flat ground, when the electric push rod one 17 is contracted to the limit position or a certain position, the hinge pin 8 reaches the lower limit end of the sliding chute 201 and is completely contacted with the lower limit end, and the rod piece one 11 and the rod piece two 15 are just or nearly parallel to each other and reach the bottom dead center position; at the moment, the two rear universal wheels 3 land, the undercarriage 5 is suspended and retracted behind the wheelchair, most of the force borne by the universal wheels 3 in the movement process is borne by the first rod piece 11 and the second rod piece 15, and the first electric push rod 17 only bears a very small part of force, so that the safety of the wheelchair in the driving process is improved, and the service life of the first electric push rod 17 is prolonged;

(2) as shown in fig. 2 and 3, when going downstairs and the electric push rod one 17 extends to the limit position or a certain position, the hinge pin 8 reaches the upper limit end of the sliding chute 201 and is completely contacted with the upper limit end, and the rod member two 15 and the shock absorber 19 are just or nearly parallel to each other and reach the top dead center position; at the moment, the undercarriage 5 is put down and landed, and meanwhile, the two rear universal wheels 3 are retracted outside the two supporting side plates 2, at the moment, most of force borne by the undercarriage 5 during climbing stairs is borne by the second rod piece 15 and the shock absorber 19, and the first electric push rod 17 only bears a very small component force, so that the safety of the wheelchair during climbing stairs is improved, and the service life of the first electric push rod 17 is prolonged.

The utility model provides a leveling switching mechanism for downstairs and downslopes of a wheelchair, which has two use states, one is a flat ground state, under the state, the wheelchair can walk by landing two rear universal wheels, and the undercarriage is suspended and retracted behind the wheelchair, under the state, the rear wheels of the wheelchair can flexibly turn; the other is a downstairs state, in which the undercarriage is put down and landed, and the two rear universal wheels are retracted outside the two supporting side plates, so that the interference between the universal wheels and stair steps is avoided when the undercarriage goes downstairs; the landing gear is provided with a star wheel, and the function of going down stairs is realized through the star wheel; the two states are mutually converted through a set conversion mechanism; the required mechanisms can be switched according to different road conditions; when the bicycle runs on the ground, the universal wheels are less limited when the bicycle runs on the ground, and compared with the existing bicycle which runs on the ground by directly adopting star wheels, the steering of the rear wheels is more flexible; the mechanism also comprises a seat leveling mechanism which is used for lifting the front side of the seat when the wheelchair goes downstairs and goes downhill, so that the seat surface can be kept in a horizontal state, and the danger caused by forward leaning of the body of a user is avoided; when on the flat ground, the front side of the seat is lowered to be returned.

Better, all be provided with shock-absorbing structure under two kinds of states, can cushion and inhale the shake, reduce the wheelchair range of jolting, improve the riding comfort.

In addition, the electric push rod II arranged on the undercarriage can adjust the wheel track of the front wheel and the rear wheel of the wheelchair to adapt to steps with different widths, so that the front wheel and the rear wheel can be stably placed on the steps to walk, the safety is improved, and the application range of the wheelchair is also improved.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made in the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent changes and modifications can be made in some of the technical features of the embodiments.

Claims (2)

1. A leveling and switching mechanism for a wheelchair to go downstairs and go downhill comprises a wheelchair seat, wherein two supporting side plates are vertically arranged on two sides of the seat; two rear universal wheels are symmetrically arranged at the outer side and the rear lower corner of the two supporting side plates; two star-shaped front driving wheels are symmetrically arranged on the outer sides and the front lower corners of the two supporting side plates; the rear part of the inner sides of the two supporting side plates is provided with an undercarriage; a switching mechanism and a seat leveling mechanism are arranged on the inner sides of the two supporting side plates and below the wheelchair seat; the method is characterized in that: the two rear universal wheels are used for the wheelchair to walk on the flat ground, the state is a flat ground state, the two rear universal wheels land and walk under the state, and the undercarriage is suspended and retracted behind the wheelchair; the undercarriage is used for the wheelchair to go downstairs, the undercarriage is in a downstairs state, the undercarriage is put down to land and run, and meanwhile, the two rear universal wheels are retracted outside the two supporting side plates; the landing gear is provided with a star wheel, and the function of going down stairs is realized through the star wheel; the switching mechanism is used for switching between a flat ground state and a downstairs state; the seat leveling mechanism is used for lifting the front side of the seat when the wheelchair goes downstairs and goes downhill, and lowering and returning the front side of the seat when the wheelchair goes on a flat ground;

the conversion mechanism comprises: the device comprises a polish rod shaft I, a hinge pin shaft, a universal wheel mounting block, a connecting sheet, a rod piece I, a sleeve, a polish rod shaft II, a polish rod shaft III, a rod piece II, a polish rod shaft IV and an electric push rod I;

a polish rod shaft I is arranged between the two supporting side plates and at the rear lower corner, two ends of the polish rod shaft I vertically penetrate through the supporting side plates and extend to the outer sides of the supporting side plates, and the polish rod shaft I is fixedly connected with the two supporting side plates;

the rear lower corners of the two supporting side plates are provided with arc-shaped sliding grooves concentric with the polish rod shaft, and hinge pin shafts are arranged in the sliding grooves in a sliding manner; the hinge pin shaft is perpendicular to the support side plate, the outer side of the hinge pin shaft is provided with an integrally connected pin shaft clamping head, the pin shaft clamping head is positioned on the outer side of the support side plate, the inner side of the hinge pin shaft vertically penetrates through the sliding groove and extends to the inner side of the support side plate, the right end of the hinge pin shaft is in threaded connection with a flange nut, and an optical axis is arranged between the pin shaft clamping head and the;

the rear lower corners of the outer sides of the two supporting side plates are respectively provided with a universal wheel mounting block, the upper end and the lower end of each universal wheel mounting block are provided with mounting through holes, the middle of the outer side surface protrudes outwards to form a cylindrical wheel mounting part, and the axis position of the wheel mounting part is provided with the mounting through holes; the lower end of the universal wheel mounting block is hinged to a polish rod shaft I, and a flange nut at one end of the polish rod shaft is close to the outer side surface of the universal wheel mounting block; the upper end of the universal wheel mounting block is hinged on a hinge pin shaft, the hinge pin shaft vertically penetrates through a mounting through hole at the upper end of the universal wheel mounting block, and a pin shaft chuck of the hinge pin shaft is close to the outer side surface of the universal wheel mounting block;

two symmetrical connecting sheets are respectively installed on the inner side surfaces of the two supporting side plates, the connecting sheets are parallel to the universal wheel installation block on the outer side, installation through holes are formed in the upper end and the lower end of each connecting sheet, the lower end of each connecting sheet is hinged to the first polished rod shaft, and the upper end of each connecting sheet is hinged to the hinge pin shaft;

two symmetrical first rod pieces are arranged between the two connecting pieces, mounting through holes are formed in two ends of the first rod piece, the upper end of the first rod piece is hinged to a hinge pin shaft, a sleeve is sleeved on the hinge pin shaft between the first rod piece and the connecting pieces to separate the first rod piece and the connecting pieces, and a flange nut on the inner side of the hinge pin shaft is close to the inner side surface of the first rod piece; the lower end of the rod piece extends backwards and downwards;

a second polished rod shaft is arranged between the first two rod pieces, and two ends of the second polished rod shaft penetrate through holes at the lower ends of the first two rod pieces and are fixedly connected;

a third parallel polished rod shaft is arranged in front of and above the first polished rod shaft, two ends of the third polished rod shaft are vertically fixed on the supporting side plates on two sides, and two ends of the third polished rod shaft are positioned outside and above the arc-shaped sliding groove;

two symmetrical rod pieces II are arranged between the two rod pieces I, mounting through holes are formed in the two ends of each rod piece II, the upper ends of the rod pieces II are hinged to the polish rod shaft III, and the lower ends of the rod pieces II are hinged to the polish rod shaft II;

a fourth parallel polish rod shaft is arranged in front of the first polish rod shaft and in the middle front of the lower edge of the supporting side plate, and two ends of the fourth polish rod shaft are vertically fixed on the supporting side plates on two sides;

the front end of the first electric push rod is hinged to the middle of the fourth optical rod shaft, and the rear end of the first electric push rod is hinged to the middle of the second optical rod shaft;

the two rear universal wheels are rotatably arranged on the universal wheel mounting block;

the rear universal wheel comprises a universal wheel pin shaft, a wheel carrier, a wheel and a damping spring, the universal wheel pin shaft penetrates through the mounting through hole of the wheel mounting part from the rear and then is fixedly connected to the wheel carrier, the rear end of the universal wheel pin shaft is a clamping head to prevent the universal wheel pin shaft from being separated from the wheel mounting part, the damping spring is sleeved on the universal wheel pin shaft between the wheel carrier and the wheel mounting part, and the damping spring is clamped between the wheel carrier and the wheel mounting part; wheels are mounted on the wheel carrier;

the landing gear comprises: a polished rod shaft five, two shock absorbers, a polished rod shaft six, two electric push rods two, a star wheel, a rod piece three and a rod piece four;

a polish rod shaft five is arranged behind the polish rod shaft one in parallel, and two ends of the polish rod shaft five are hinged with a polish rod shaft two above the polish rod shaft five through two shock absorbers; the two shock absorbers are symmetrically arranged, the front ends of the shock absorbers are hinged to the second polished rod shaft, and the rear ends of the shock absorbers extend backwards and downwards and are hinged to the fifth polished rod shaft; the two shock absorbers can improve the comfort of a user when the wheelchair goes upstairs and downstairs and weaken the bumping feeling caused by going upstairs and downstairs;

a polish rod shaft six is arranged below the polish rod shaft five through two electric push rods II; the two electric push rods are symmetrically arranged, the upper ends of the two electric push rods are hinged on the polish rod shaft five, and the lower ends of the two electric push rods are hinged on the polish rod shaft six;

two star-shaped wheels are mounted at six ends of the polish rod shaft;

the front end, the middle part and the rear end of the third rod piece are provided with mounting through holes, and the front end of the third rod piece is hinged on the first polished rod shaft; the middle part of the rod piece III is hinged on a polish rod shaft V, and the polish rod shaft V penetrates through the mounting through hole in the middle part of the rod piece III; the rear end of the rod piece III is hinged with a rod piece IV;

the fourth rod piece is vertically and obliquely installed, the upper end and the lower end of the fourth rod piece are provided with installation through holes, the upper end of the fourth rod piece is hinged with the rear end of the third rod piece, and the lower end of the fourth rod piece extends forwards and downwards and is hinged on the shaft six of the polish rod;

the star wheel is a Y-shaped star wheel;

the seat leveling mechanism comprises: the device comprises an L-shaped support rod, a guide rail, a sliding block, a polish rod shaft seven, a polish rod shaft eight, a polish rod shaft nine, an L-shaped connecting side plate, two J-shaped rod pieces and two front adjusting electric push rods;

an L-shaped support rod is fixedly connected below the left side and the right side of the seat, and the front end of the L-shaped support rod extends downwards to form a first connecting part; the lower surface of the L-shaped support rod and the rear side of the connecting part are fixedly provided with guide rails, and sliding blocks are arranged in the sliding grooves and the rear side of the guide rails in a sliding manner; a cylindrical shaft sleeve is arranged in the center of the lower surface of the sliding block, and a shaft sleeve connecting through hole is formed in the shaft sleeve;

the polish rod shaft seven is arranged between the two supporting side plates and at the middle lower part of the front side, and the left end and the right end of the polish rod shaft seven are vertically and fixedly connected with the supporting side plates at the two sides; the polish rod shaft eight is arranged between the first connecting parts at the front ends of the two L-shaped supporting rods, and the left end and the right end of the polish rod shaft eight are vertically and fixedly connected with the first connecting parts at the two sides; the polish rod shaft nine is arranged between the two sliding blocks, and the left end and the right end of the polish rod shaft nine vertically penetrate through the shaft sleeves on the two sides;

the L-shaped connecting side plates are L-shaped and are parallelly installed on the inner side surfaces of the two supporting side plates, the rear ends of the L-shaped connecting side plates are fixedly connected with the tail ends of the extended polished rod shafts, the front ends of the L-shaped connecting side plates extend downwards and are rotatably hinged on a polished rod shaft seven, and connecting shaft parts are arranged in the middle of the L-shaped connecting side plates; the polish rod shaft ten is arranged in parallel with the polish rod shaft seven, and two ends of the polish rod shaft ten are vertically and fixedly connected with the connecting shaft parts on two sides;

the two J-shaped rod pieces are J-shaped and are symmetrically arranged between the two supporting side plates in parallel, and the front ends of the J-shaped rod pieces are rotatably hinged on the polished rod shaft eight; the middle rear part of the J-shaped rod piece is provided with a through hole which is hinged on a polish rod shaft ten, and the polish rod shaft ten passes through the through hole; the tail part of the J-shaped rod piece is bent downwards;

the front ends of the two front adjusting electric push rods are hinged to a polish rod shaft seven, and the rear ends of the two front adjusting electric push rods are positioned below the polish rod shaft ten and hinged to the tail of the J-shaped rod;

the height of the front side of the seat is adjusted through the two front adjusting electric push rods, and when the seat is in the lowest state, namely not lifted, the two front adjusting electric push rods are in an extension state; the two front adjusting electric push rods are controlled to be shortened, the front side of the seat is controlled to be lifted, the two front adjusting electric push rods are controlled to be extended, and the front side of the seat is lowered to be reset.

2. The leveling conversion mechanism for downstairs and downhill of a wheelchair according to claim 1, wherein: the electric push rod in the device adopts the electric push rod with the self-locking function.

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