CN210607573U - Short slot directional coupler and composite distributor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a make the synthetic or proportion of distributing of electric wave unanimous with required proportion directional coupler. The short-slot directional coupler 1 has a first square waveguide section 10, a second square waveguide section 20, and a coupling section 30. The first square waveguide section (10) has a first transmission path (11) including a first coupling region (14). The second square waveguide section (20) has a second transmission path (21) including a second coupling region (24). The coupling section (30) connects the first coupling region (14) and the second coupling region (24) via the H-plane, and connects the first transmission path (11) and the second transmission path (21). The first transmission path (11), the second transmission path (21), and the upper and lower conductor wall surfaces (100) of the coupling section (30) are substantially coplanar. The first coupling region (14) has a first convex section (15) which is elongated when viewed from the top-bottom direction and whose longitudinal direction is along the direction of radio wave propagation. The second coupling region (24) has a second convex section (25) which is elongated when viewed from the top-bottom direction and whose longitudinal direction is along the radio wave transmission direction.

Description

Short slot directional coupler and composite distributor

Technical Field

The utility model mainly relates to a short-slot directional coupler for synthesizing or distributing electric waves.

Background

Patent document 1 discloses a directional coupler having a plurality of ports. The directional coupler of patent document 1 combines electric waves input from a plurality of ports and outputs the combined electric waves from one port. In addition, the directional coupler can distribute a radio wave input from one port and output the radio wave from a plurality of ports.

Patent document 2 discloses a high-frequency device manufactured by cutting an aluminum alloy plate. When cutting is performed, the high-frequency device forms a plurality of waveguides and forms a shape necessary for operating as a circulator between the waveguides. Patent document 2 describes the production of a directional coupler by cutting, but does not describe a specific shape thereof.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent No. 2574926.

Patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2017-92532.

Disclosure of Invention

Problem to be solved by the utility model

The directional coupler synthesizes or distributes the electric waves in a prescribed ratio. The predetermined ratio is generally equal, but it may be desirable to combine or distribute radio waves at an unequal predetermined ratio according to input and output radio waves and the like. In either case, the ratio of the combined or distributed waves is one of the important properties for a directional coupler. However, it is difficult to make a directional coupler having an accurate prescribed ratio, for example, the electric waves cannot be equally synthesized or distributed in spite of the symmetrical shape of the directional coupler. Patent documents 1 and 2 do not describe a structure for solving these problems.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a main object of the present invention is to provide a short slot directional coupler in which the ratio of the synthesis or distribution of radio waves is precisely matched with a desired ratio.

Technical scheme for solving problems and invention effect

As described above, the present invention solves the above problems, and the following describes technical solutions and effects for solving the problems.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a short slot directional coupler having the following structure. That is, the short slot directional coupler has a first square waveguide section, a second square waveguide section, and a coupling section. The first square waveguide section has a first transmission path including a first coupling region. The second square waveguide section has a second transmission path including a second coupling region. The coupling section connects the first transmission path and the second transmission path by connecting the first coupling region and the second coupling region to each other in an H-plane. The first transmission path, the second transmission path, and upper and lower conductor wall surfaces of the coupling section are substantially coplanar. The first coupling region includes a first radio wave adjustment portion formed on at least one of the upper and lower conductor wall surfaces, and having an elongated shape with a longitudinal direction along a radio wave transmission direction. The second coupling region includes a second radio wave adjustment portion formed on at least one of the upper and lower conductor wall surfaces, and having an elongated shape with a longitudinal direction along a radio wave transmission direction.

Thus, the ratio of the transmission mode switching of the radio wave changes according to the shapes of the first radio wave adjustment unit and the second radio wave adjustment unit. Therefore, a directional coupler in which the ratio of the combination or the ratio of the distribution of the radio waves is adjusted to a desired ratio can be obtained.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a directional coupler of a first embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view showing three coupling regions of the directional coupler of the first embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a graph showing a change in output ratio of the third and fourth ports when the protrusion height/depression depth of the first and second coupling regions is changed.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a directional coupler of a structure forming a first recess and a second recess.

Fig. 5 is a graph showing the change in the ratio of the output of the third and fourth ports when the protrusion height/depression depth of the third coupling region is changed.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a directional coupler of a structure forming a third recess.

Fig. 7 is a side sectional view showing a first convex portion and an adjustment mechanism of a directional coupler according to a second embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a directional coupler of the third embodiment.

Fig. 9 is a schematic plan view of a directional coupler of the fourth embodiment.

Fig. 10 is a schematic plan view of a composite dispenser of a fifth embodiment.

Fig. 11 is a schematic plan view of a composite dispenser of a sixth embodiment.

Description of reference numerals

1 short slot directional coupler

1a, 1b, 1c directional coupling part

10 first square waveguide part

20 second square waveguide part

30 coupling part

100 wall of conductor

200 combined distributor

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, a short-slot directional coupler 1 according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 2. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a short slot directional coupler 1. Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view showing three coupling regions of the short slot directional coupler 1. In the following description, the parts having the same length, direction, and the like indicate not only the structures having the same length, direction, and the like, but also the structures having slightly different lengths, directions, and the like due to manufacturing errors and other circumstances.

The short-slot directional coupler 1 of the first embodiment is provided in a radar apparatus. Specifically, the short slot directional coupler 1 is provided in a circularly polarized wave generating device that generates a circularly polarized wave, a receiving circuit that receives a reflected wave (microwave) of a transmitted wave reflected by a target, or the like. The short slot directional coupler 1 is not limited to be provided in a radar device, and may be provided in a device (e.g., a communication device) that distributes or combines high-frequency signals. As shown in fig. 1, the short slot directional coupler 1 has a first square waveguide section 10, a second square waveguide section 20, and a coupling section 30.

The first rectangular waveguide portion 10 is a waveguide in which an internal space is formed by combining a plurality of flat plate-like conductors. The internal space of the first rectangular waveguide section 10 serves as a first transmission path 11 and can transmit radio waves. The direction of transmission of the electric wave is the same as the direction of the length of the tube. A first port 12 is formed at one end of the first rectangular waveguide section 10 in the tube length direction, and a third port 13 is formed at the other end. The first port 12 and the third port 13 are parts for inputting and outputting radio waves. In the present embodiment, the first rectangular waveguide section 10 is a linear waveguide, but may include a bent or curved portion. In this case, the tube length direction differs depending on the position.

The first rectangular waveguide section 10 is cut along a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the tube and has a rectangular cross section. The portions (upper and lower surfaces in fig. 1) constituting the long sides of the rectangle are surfaces parallel to the direction (H-plane) of the magnetic field generated in the first rectangular waveguide section 10. In the following description, these surfaces are referred to as conductor wall surfaces and are described with reference numeral 100.

In a rectangle having a cross section of the first rectangular waveguide section 10 cut along a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the tube, portions (both side surfaces in fig. 1) constituting short sides of the rectangle are surfaces (E surfaces) parallel to the direction of the electric field generated in the first rectangular waveguide section 10. Of these two side surfaces, a portion (open portion) that does not constitute a wall surface but is open exists on the inner side (the second square waveguide portion 20 side). The first square waveguide section 10 is coupled to the second square waveguide section 20 through the open portion and the coupling section 30. As shown in fig. 2, in the first rectangular waveguide section 10, a region from the open portion to the side surface on the opposite side is referred to as a first coupling region and is described with reference numeral 14.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1, a direction in which the long sides face each other (in other words, a direction along the short sides) is referred to as a tube height direction. The tube height direction is also referred to as the up-down direction. "up and down" indicates the direction of the short slot directional coupler 1, and does not indicate that the up and down direction of the short slot directional coupler 1 coincides with the orthogonal direction. In addition, as shown in fig. 1, a direction in which the short sides face each other (in other words, a direction along the long sides) is referred to as a tube width direction.

A first convex portion (first radio wave adjustment portion) 15 is formed on a part of the conductor wall surface 100 of the first rectangular waveguide portion 10, which is a part of the first coupling region 14. The first projection 15 is a portion projecting from the lower surface of the lower conductor wall surface 100 toward the upper surface opposite to the lower surface in the tube height direction. Hereinafter, the height of the first convex portion 15 protruding from its periphery (in other words, the length in the tube height direction) is referred to as "protruding height".

The first convex portion 15 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. Therefore, the first convex portion 15 (in other words, when the viewing direction is the up-down direction, that is, as viewed in a plan view of fig. 2) is elongated when viewed from the up-down direction. The slender shape is sufficient if the longitudinal direction and the width direction can be distinguished, and the longitudinal direction does not have to be very long with respect to the width direction. The first convex portion 15 is formed in the longitudinal direction of the tube (radio wave transmission direction). The first convex portion 15 may have a shape other than a rectangular parallelepiped (for example, a shape with a chamfered corner). It is preferable that the first convex portion 15 has a shape that can determine the longitudinal direction when viewed from the vertical direction. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, when the length of the first convex portion 15 in the longitudinal direction is L and the wavelength of the radio wave transmitted is λ, L is λ/4. Therefore, the length of the first convex portion 15 in the longitudinal direction is a value based on the wavelength of the transmitted radio wave (in other words, the wavelength is multiplied by an integer or the wavelength is divided by an integer).

The method of manufacturing the first convex portion 15 is various, and for example, the first convex portion 15 may be formed by cutting a portion other than the first convex portion 15. Alternatively, the first convex portion 15 may be attached to the conductor wall surface 100 as another member. As shown in fig. 2, the first convex portion 15 is formed at the center of the first coupling region 14 in the tube length direction. In addition, the first convex portion 15 is formed at the center of the first coupling region 14 in the tube width direction. The first convex portion 15 may be formed outside the center of the first coupling region 14 in the tube length direction, or may be formed outside the center of the first coupling region 14 in the tube width direction.

The second square waveguide part 20 is provided so that the tube length direction of the second square waveguide part 20 and the tube length direction of the first square waveguide part 10 are aligned. In the plan view shown in fig. 2, the second square waveguide portion 20 and the first square waveguide portion 10 are line-symmetric with respect to a predetermined line of symmetry 101, and the line of symmetry 101 is drawn between the first square waveguide portion 10 and the second square waveguide portion 20 (i.e., on the coupling portion 30). Therefore, the description about the shape of the second square waveguide portion 20 is simplified. In detail, the line of symmetry 101 is a straight line passing through the center of the coupling portion 30 in the tube width direction. In addition, the first square waveguide tube portion 10 and the second square waveguide tube portion 20 are also symmetrical with respect to a plane parallel to the tube length direction and the tube height direction provided between the first square waveguide tube portion 10 and the second square waveguide tube portion 20.

The inner space of the second square waveguide part 20 serves as a second transmission path 21. The second port 22 is formed at one end of the second square waveguide part 20 in the tube length direction, and the fourth port 23 is formed at the other end. The second coupling region 24 is formed as a region corresponding to the first coupling region 14 of the first rectangular waveguide section 10. A second convex portion (second electric wave adjustment portion) 25 is formed in the second coupling region 24. The first square waveguide portion 10 and the second square waveguide portion 20 have a common conductor wall surface 100.

The protruding height of first convex portion 15 is the same as the protruding height of second convex portion 25. In other words, the distance from the first convex portion 15 formed on the lower surface to the conductor wall surface 100 on the opposite upper surface is the same as the distance from the second convex portion 25 formed on the lower surface to the conductor wall surface 100 on the opposite upper surface. Further, both the first convex portion 15 and the second convex portion 25 are formed on the lower surface, but both may be formed on the upper surface, or one may be formed on the lower surface and the other may be formed on the upper surface.

The coupling portion 30 is formed between the first square waveguide portion 10 (in detail, the first coupling region 14) and the second square waveguide portion 20 (in detail, the second coupling region 24) in the tube width direction. The upper surface (conductor wall surface 100) of the coupling portion 30 is continuous with the upper surfaces of the first and second rectangular waveguide portions 10 and 20, and the positions in the vertical direction are substantially the same (i.e., substantially flush with each other). The same applies to the lower surface of the coupling portion 30. Therefore, the coupling portion 30 is continuous with the first square waveguide portion 10 and the second square waveguide portion 20 on the H-plane.

A region surrounded by the open portion of the inner side surface of the first rectangular waveguide section 10 and the open portion of the inner side surface of the second rectangular waveguide section 20 is referred to as a third coupling region 34. A third convex portion (third electric wave adjustment portion) 35 is formed on the lower surface of the third coupling region 34. The third projection 35 is formed at the center in the tube length direction and the center in the tube width direction, but may be formed at different positions. The third convex portion 35 has the same length in the tube length direction and the tube width direction as the first convex portion 15 and the second convex portion 25. The longitudinal direction of third projection 35 is the same as the longitudinal direction of first projection 15 and second projection 25. However, the protruding height of third convex portion 35 is different from the protruding height of first convex portion 15 and second convex portion 25. In other words, the distance from the third projection 35 formed on the lower surface to the conductor wall surface 100 on the opposite upper surface is different from the distance from the first projection 15 and the second projection 25 to the conductor wall surface 100 on the opposite upper surface. The third convex portion 35 may not be formed on the lower surface but formed on the upper surface. In addition, in the present embodiment, the third convex portion 35 is formed on the same side surface as the first convex portion 15 and the second convex portion 25, out of the upper surface and the lower surface. Or may be formed on a surface on a different side from the first convex portion 15 or the second convex portion 25. The surfaces for forming the fourth, fifth, and sixth convex portions 4, 5, and 6 according to the embodiment described later may be changed in the same manner as described above.

In the short slot directional coupler 1, the radio wave input from the first port 12 propagates along the first transmission path 11, and a part of the radio wave propagates along the second transmission path 21 via the coupling section 30. Thereby, the radio wave input from the first port 12 is output from the third port 13 and the fourth port 23. The same distribution is performed for the radio wave input from the other port. The division ratio depends on the relationship between the length and wavelength of the first port 12 to the first coupling region 14, etc.

Specifically, the radio wave input from the first port 12 reaches the first coupling region 14 at TE₁₀And (4) mode transmission. In the first to third coupling regions, the electric wave is TE₁₀Mode and TE₂₀Two transmission modes of the mode are transmitted. Here, the phase difference of the two transmission modes in the first to third coupling regions is changed by the change in the length of the first port 12 to the first coupling region 14. Ideally, by setting the phase difference to 90 °, TE having the same amplitude and a phase difference of 90 ° is provided to the third port 13 and the fourth port 23₁₀The mode excites an electric wave. However, in practice, since there is an unavoidable space (coupling portion 30) between the first square waveguide portion 10 and the second square waveguide portion 20, radio waves are not necessarily output from the third port 13 and the fourth port 23 uniformly.

For example, when electric waves are input from both the third port 13 and the fourth port 23, the electric waves are synthesized and output from the first port 12. Even in this case, the radio wave input from the third port 13 and the radio wave input from the fourth port 23 are not necessarily combined equally.

Since the above-described division ratio and synthesis ratio are important values in the short slot directional coupler 1, it is desirable to manufacture the short slot directional coupler 1 satisfying the required division ratio and synthesis ratio. In addition, since the distribution ratio and the synthesis ratio of the short slot directional coupler 1 are substantially the same value, a method of manufacturing the short slot directional coupler 1 having a distribution ratio that satisfies the requirement will be described below.

Next, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the influence of the protruding height of the first coupling region 14 and the second coupling region 24 on the distribution ratio of the short slot directional coupler 1 will be described.

Fig. 3 is a graph showing the proportions of radio waves output from the third port 13 and the fourth port 23 when the projection heights of the third projection 35 are constant and the projection heights of a part of the first coupling region 14 and the second coupling region 24 are changed, respectively. In addition, in fig. 3, the protruding heights of the first coupling region 14 and the second coupling region 24 are the same. The curve is drawn so that the protruding height of the first coupling region 14 and the second coupling region 24 in the direction protruding toward the inner space is positive and the protruding height in the direction recessing outward is negative. Therefore, as shown in fig. 1, when the protrusion height is positive, the first convex portion 15 and the second convex portion 25 are formed in the short slot directional coupler 1. In addition, as shown in fig. 4, when the projection height is negative, a first concave portion 16 as a first radio wave adjustment portion and a second concave portion 26 as a second radio wave adjustment portion are formed in the short slot directional coupler 1. The negative protrusion height may also be referred to as the depression depth.

As shown in fig. 3, as the projection heights of the first coupling region 14 and the second coupling region 24 become higher, the proportion of the radio wave output from the third port 13 becomes lower, and the proportion of the radio wave output from the fourth port 23 becomes higher. On the other hand, as the protrusion heights of the first coupling region 14 and the second coupling region 24 become lower, the proportion of the radio wave output from the third port 13 becomes higher, and the proportion of the radio wave output from the fourth port 23 becomes lower.

As described above, in the short-slot directional coupler 1, an unavoidable gap exists between the first square waveguide portion 10 and the second square waveguide portion 20. Therefore, the ratio of the two transmission modes in the first to third coupling regions is different, and therefore the ratio of the radio waves output from the third port 13 and the fourth port 23 is different. In this regard, the TE20 mode is excited more strongly by increasing the protrusion heights of the first coupling region 14 and the second coupling region 24, and therefore the proportion of the electric wave output from the fourth port 23 becomes high. On the other hand, since the TE10 mode is excited more strongly by lowering the protrusion heights of the first coupling region 14 and the second coupling region 24, the ratio of the radio wave output from the third port 13 becomes high.

According to the above, by changing the protrusion heights of the first coupling region 14 and the second coupling region 24, the combining ratio and the distributing ratio of the short slot directional coupler 1 can be changed. Therefore, the short slot directional coupler 1 having the desired combination ratio and distribution ratio can be manufactured.

Next, referring to fig. 5 and 6, the influence of the protruding height of the third coupling region 34 on the distribution ratio of the short-slot directional coupler 1 will be described. Fig. 5 is a graph showing the ratio of radio waves output from the third port 13 and the fourth port 23 when the projection height of the third coupling region 34 changes when the projection heights of the first projection 15 and the second projection 25 are constant. As shown in fig. 1, when the protruding height of the third coupling region 34 is positive, a third projection 35 is formed in the short slot directional coupler 1. In addition, as shown in fig. 6, when the protruding height of the third coupling region 34 is negative, a third concave portion 36 as a third radio wave adjustment portion is formed in the short-slot directional coupler 1.

As shown in fig. 5, as the protruding height of the third coupling region 34 becomes higher, the proportion of the radio wave output from the third port 13 becomes higher, and the proportion of the radio wave output from the fourth port 23 becomes lower. On the other hand, as the projection height of the third coupling region 34 becomes lower, the proportion of the radio wave output from the third port 13 becomes lower, and the proportion of the radio wave output from the fourth port 23 becomes higher.

That is, it is determined which transmission mode is strongly excited, depending on the relative height of the third coupling region 34 with respect to the height of the first coupling region 14 and the second coupling region 24. Therefore, even if only the protruding height of the third coupling region 34 is changed, the distribution ratio of the short-slot directional coupler 1 can be changed.

In addition, even if the first coupling region 14 and the second coupling region 24 are flat as a whole, the distribution ratio of the short-slot directional coupler 1 can be changed by changing the protruding height of the third coupling region 34. In contrast, even if the third coupling region 34 is flat as a whole, the distribution ratio of the short slot directional coupler 1 can be changed by changing the protruding heights of the first coupling region 14 and the second coupling region 24.

According to the above, by forming the concave or convex portion in at least a part of any one of the first coupling region 14, the second coupling region 24 and the third coupling region 34, it is possible to manufacture the short-slot directional coupler 1 which satisfies the distribution ratio or the composition ratio required for the product. Further, the distribution ratio or the synthesis ratio may be equal or unequal (e.g., 1: 2).

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a side sectional view showing the first convex portion 15 and the adjustment mechanism 15a of the short groove directional coupler 1 according to the second embodiment. In the second embodiment and the following description, the same or similar components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and the description thereof is omitted.

In the first embodiment, it is not intended to change the protrusion height after forming the first convex portion 15 or the like satisfying the required height. In contrast, in the second embodiment, the protruding height of the first convex portion 15 and the like can be adjusted. In the second embodiment, a recess is formed in the conductor wall surface 100 by cutting or the like, and a first protrusion 15 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape is provided in the recess. The first convex portion 15 is supported by an adjusting mechanism 15a formed of a screw or the like. According to this structure, since the support height of the first convex portion 15 is changed by rotating the screw, the protruding height of the first convex portion 15 can be changed.

Thus, by adjusting the projection height of the first convex portion 15 using the adjustment mechanism 15a in accordance with the required specifications, different distribution ratios and combination ratios can be achieved in one short slot directional coupler 1. Although fig. 7 shows only the adjustment mechanism 15a for adjusting the projection height of the first convex portion 15, the second coupling region 24 is provided with an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the projection height of the second convex portion 25. Alternatively, an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the projection height of the third convex portion 35 may be provided instead of or in addition to these adjustment mechanisms.

Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 8. Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a directional coupler of the third embodiment. In the short-slot directional coupler 1 of the third embodiment, the first rectangular waveguide section 10 has the first input-output section 17. The first input/output portion 17 is a portion connecting both ends of the first coupling region 14 in the tube length direction. The first input/output unit 17 is a portion forming the first port 12 or the third port 13. The tube length direction of the first input/output portion 17 is different from the tube length direction of the first coupling region 14. Specifically, the tube length direction of the first input/output portion 17 is a direction that opens outward. In other words, the first input/output portion 17 gradually separates from the third protrusion 35 in the tube width direction as it separates from the first coupling region 14 in the tube length direction of the first coupling region 14. Thus, the tube bends or flexes between the first coupling region 14 and the first input-output 17.

In the first rectangular waveguide section 10, the fourth convex section 4 is formed so as to extend over (in the region of) the first coupling region 14 and the first input/output section 17. The fourth convex portion 4 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape similar to the first convex portion 15. In the plan view of fig. 8, the longitudinal direction of the fourth convex portion 4 is the same as the tube longitudinal direction of the first input/output portion 17. With this configuration, even if the first coupling region 14 and the first input/output unit 1 have different tube length directions, the radio wave transmitted can be guided so as to be difficult to reflect.

The fourth protrusions 4 may also be concave instead of convex. In the present embodiment, the fourth convex portion 4 and the first convex portion 15 are separated, but the fourth convex portion 4 and the first convex portion 15 may be formed continuously (connected in the longitudinal direction) as shown in the fourth embodiment of fig. 9. Further, when the fourth convex portion 4 and the first convex portion 15 are continuously formed, the protruding heights of both may be the same.

In the third embodiment, the first square waveguide tube portion 10 and the second square waveguide tube portion 20 have symmetrical shapes, and therefore, the description of the second square waveguide tube portion 20 will be simplified. The second square waveguide portion 20 has a second input/output portion 27. The fifth projection 5 is formed in the second input/output portion 27. The fourth convex portion 4 and the fifth convex portion 5 may have the same or different projection heights (recess depths).

Next, a composite distributor 200 of the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 10. The composite divider 200 of the fifth embodiment has a structure having three short slot directional couplers 1 described in the first embodiment. In the description of the fifth embodiment, the short-slot directional coupler 1 included in the combining distributor 200 is referred to as a directional coupling section and is described with reference numerals 1a, 1b, 1 c.

The composite distributor 200 of the fifth embodiment is configured to connect the third port 13 of the directional coupling section 1b to the second port 22 of the directional coupling section 1a, and to connect the fourth port 23 of the directional coupling section 1c to the first port 12 of the directional coupling section 1 a. In the combining distributor 200 of the fifth embodiment, it is possible to combine radio waves input to the first port 12 and the second port 22 of the directional coupling section 1b and to the total of four ports of the first port 12 and the second port 22 of the directional coupling section 1c, and to output the combined radio waves from the third port 13 of the directional coupling section 1 a. In addition, one radio wave can be divided into four similarly.

As in the short-slot directional coupler 1 of the first embodiment, the first convex portion 15, the second convex portion 25, and the third convex portion 35 are formed in the three directional coupling portions 1a, 1b, and 1c, respectively. The effect of forming these projections is the same as that of the first embodiment.

In addition, a sixth projection 6 is formed in the composite dispenser 200 of the fifth embodiment. The sixth convex portion 6 is formed at the connection site of the directional coupling portion 1a and the directional coupling portion 1b and the connection site of the directional coupling portion 1a and the directional coupling portion 1c, respectively. The sixth convex portion 6 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape similar to the first convex portion 15, the second convex portion 25, the fourth convex portion 4, the fifth convex portion 5, and the like. In the plan view of fig. 10, the longitudinal direction of the sixth projection 6 is the same as the tube longitudinal direction (in other words, the longitudinal direction of the fourth projection 4 is the same as the longitudinal direction of the fifth projection 5). Similarly to the first and second convex portions 15 and 25, the length L of the sixth convex portion 6 in the longitudinal direction is preferably such that L is λ/4 when the wavelength of the radio wave transmitted is λ.

Here, the size of the combining distributor 200 can be reduced by shortening the length of the connection portion between the directional coupling portions, but problems such as a decrease in the output of the radio wave are caused by interference of the electric field and the magnetic field generated at the connection portion. In this regard, in the fifth embodiment, since the sixth convex portion 6 is formed at the connection portion, occurrence of interference of the electric field and the magnetic field can be suppressed, and therefore, interference of the electric field and the magnetic field does not occur, and the size of the composite distributor 200 can be reduced.

The sixth projection 6 may be a concave instead of a convex. In addition, although the sixth convex portion 6 is separated from the fourth convex portion 4 and the fifth convex portion 5 in the present embodiment, as shown in the sixth embodiment of fig. 11, the fourth convex portion 4 and the fifth convex portion 5 may be continuous with the sixth convex portion 6 (continuous in the longitudinal direction). Further, when the fourth convex portion 4, the fifth convex portion 5, and the sixth convex portion 6 are continuously formed, all the protrusion heights may be the same.

As described above, the short slot directional coupler 1 of the above embodiment includes the first square waveguide section 10, the second square waveguide section 20, and the coupling section 30. The first square waveguide section 10 has a first transmission path 11 including a first coupling region 14. The second square waveguide part 20 has a second transmission path 21 including a second coupling region 24. The coupling section 30 connects the first transmission line 11 and the second transmission line 21 by the connection of the first coupling region 14 and the second coupling region 24 on the H-plane. The first transmission line 11, the second transmission line 21, and the upper and lower conductor wall surfaces 100 of the coupling section 30 are substantially flush with each other. The first coupling region 14 has a first convex portion 15, and the first convex portion 15 is formed on at least one conductor wall surface 100 of the upper and lower conductor wall surfaces 100, and has a shape elongated in the vertical direction and having a longitudinal direction along the radio wave transmission direction. The second coupling region 24 has a second projection 25, and the second projection 25 is formed on at least one of the upper and lower conductor wall surfaces 100, and has a shape elongated in the vertical direction and having a longitudinal direction along the radio wave transmission direction when viewed from the vertical direction.

Thus, the ratio of the transmission mode switching of the radio wave changes according to the shapes of the first radio wave adjustment unit and the second radio wave adjustment unit. Therefore, a directional coupler in which the synthesis ratio or the distribution ratio of the electric waves is adjusted to a desired ratio can be obtained.

In the short-slot directional coupler 1 according to the above embodiment, the first projecting portion 15 is a projection projecting from the conductor wall surface 100. The second projection 25 is a projection projecting from the conductor wall surface 100. The distance from the first convex portion 15 to the conductor wall surface 100 (upper surface) opposed to the first convex portion 15 in the up-down direction is the same as the distance from the second convex portion 25 to the conductor wall surface 100 (upper surface) opposed to the second convex portion 25 in the up-down direction.

Thus, the first radio wave adjustment unit and the second radio wave adjustment unit can be realized with a simple configuration.

In the short-slot directional coupler 1 of the above embodiment, the first convex portion 15 and the second convex portion 25 are line-symmetrical with respect to a straight line (symmetrical line 101) parallel to the longitudinal direction of the first convex portion 15 via the coupling portion 30 when viewed from the vertical direction.

This makes it possible to efficiently distribute or combine radio waves and to appropriately switch transmission modes.

In the short-slot directional coupler 1 according to the above embodiment, the first convex portion 15 and the second convex portion 25 are provided on the same side of the upper and lower conductor wall surfaces 100.

Accordingly, the first square waveguide part 10 and the second square waveguide part 20 are further symmetrical in shape, and therefore the above-described effects can be more reliably exhibited.

In the short-slot directional coupler 1 of the above embodiment, when a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first convex portion 15 is referred to as a tube width direction when viewed from the vertical direction, the first convex portion 15 is provided at the center of the first coupling region 14 in the tube width direction. The second projection 25 is provided at the center of the second coupling region 24 in the tube width direction.

Thereby, the transmission mode can be switched more reliably than in a structure in which the first convex portion 15 or the second convex portion 25 is provided at the end portion in the tube width direction.

In the short-slot directional coupler 1 of the above embodiment, the coupling portion 30 has the convex third projecting portion 35 projecting from the conductor wall surface 100, and the third projecting portion 35 is formed on at least one of the conductor wall surfaces 100 in the upper and lower directions, is elongated when viewed from the upper and lower directions, and has the same longitudinal direction as the first projecting portion 15. The distance from the third projection 35 to the conductor wall surface 100 (upper surface) facing the third projection 35 in the vertical direction is different from the distance from the first projection 15 to the conductor wall surface 100 facing the first projection 15 in the vertical direction. The distance from the second projection 25 to the conductor wall surface 100 facing the second projection 25 in the vertical direction is also different.

This enables the transfer mode to be switched more reliably.

In the short-slot directional coupler 1 of the above embodiment, the third projection 35 is provided at the center of the coupling portion 30 in the tube width direction when viewed from the vertical direction.

Thereby, the transmission mode can be switched more reliably than in a configuration in which the third projection 35 is provided at the end in the tube width direction.

In the short-slot directional coupler 1 according to the above embodiment, the length of the first convex portion 15 and the second convex portion 25 in the longitudinal direction is a length based on the frequency bandwidth of the transmitted radio wave.

In addition, in the short-slot directional coupler 1 of the above embodiment, the length in the longitudinal direction of the first convex portion 15 and the second convex portion 25 is a length of about λ/4 of the frequency of the transmitted radio wave.

This makes it possible to apply the first convex portion 15 and the first concave portion 16 which are easy to convert the transmission radio wave.

In addition, the short-slot directional coupler 1 has a first input-output section 17, a second input-output section 27, a fourth convex section 4, and a fifth convex section 5. The first input/output portion 17 is connected to the first coupling region 14, and the first coupling region 14 is different from the tube length direction. The second input/output portion 27 is connected to a second coupling region 24, and the second coupling region 24 is different from the tube length direction. The fourth convex portion 4 is provided across the first coupling region 14 and the first input/output portion 17, has a shape whose longitudinal direction is along the tube length direction of the first input/output portion 17, and is a convex shape protruding from the conductor wall surface 100 or a concave shape recessed with respect to the conductor wall surface 100. The fifth convex portion 5 is provided across the second coupling region 24 and the second input/output portion 27, has a shape whose longitudinal direction is along the tube length direction of the second input/output portion 27, and is a convex shape protruding from the conductor wall surface 1 or a concave shape recessed with respect to the conductor wall surface 100.

This makes it possible to guide the radio wave transmitted so as to be difficult to reflect even if the first coupling region 14 and the first input/output unit 17 are different from each other in the longitudinal direction of the tube.

In addition, in the short-slot directional coupler 1 of the above embodiment, the fourth convex portion 4 is provided continuously with the first convex portion 15. The fifth convex portion 5 is provided continuously with the second convex portion 25.

This facilitates the manufacture of the short-slot directional coupler 1, and suppresses the interference between the electric field and the magnetic field.

The combining distributor 200 of the above embodiment combines or distributes radio waves by connecting the plurality of directional coupling units 1a, 1b, and 1 c. The sixth projection 6 is formed at the connecting portion between the directional coupling portions 1a, 1b, 1c, and the sixth projection 6 is a projection projecting from the conductor wall surface 100.

This can suppress interference between the electric field and the magnetic field at the connection portion between the directional coupling portions 1a, 1b, and 1 c.

In the composite divider 200 of the above embodiment, the sixth convex portion 6 is formed at the connection portion of the short slot directional coupler 1, and the sixth convex portion 6 has a convex shape protruding from the conductor wall surface 100 or a concave shape recessed with respect to the conductor wall surface 100. The sixth convex portion 6 is provided continuously with the fourth convex portion 4 and the fifth convex portion 5.

This facilitates the manufacture of the short-slot directional coupler 1, and can further suppress the interference between the electric field and the magnetic field.

In the composite distributor 200 of the above embodiment, the length of the sixth projection 6 in the radio wave propagation direction is approximately λ/4 of the radio wave to be propagated.

This enables the sixth convex portion 6 having a shape corresponding to the transmitted radio wave to be applied.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above-described configuration may be modified as described below.

The features described in the first to sixth embodiments can be combined as appropriate within a range where no contradiction occurs. For example, in combination with the features of the fourth embodiment and the sixth embodiment, the first convex portion 15, the second convex portion 25, the fourth convex portion 4, the fifth convex portion 5, and the sixth convex portion 6 may be all continuous.

The composite distributor 200 of the fifth and sixth embodiments has three directional coupling parts 1a, 1b, and 1c, but the composite distributor 200 may have four or more directional coupling parts.

In the above embodiment, the inside of the short slot directional coupler 1 and the composite divider 200 is a cavity, but may include a dielectric inside.

Claims (15)

1. A short slot directional coupler, comprising:

a first square waveguide section having a first transmission path including a first coupling region;

a second square waveguide section having a second transmission path including a second coupling region; and

a coupling section connecting the first transmission path and the second transmission path by connecting the first coupling region and the second coupling region to each other via an H-plane,

the first transmission path, the second transmission path and the upper and lower conductor wall surfaces of the coupling part are on the same plane,

the first coupling region has a first radio wave adjusting portion formed on at least one of the upper and lower conductor wall surfaces, the first radio wave adjusting portion being elongated and having a shape in which a longitudinal direction thereof is along a radio wave propagation direction when viewed from the up-down direction,

the second coupling region has a second radio wave adjusting portion formed on at least one of the upper and lower conductor wall surfaces, and the second radio wave adjusting portion is elongated and has a shape whose longitudinal direction is along a radio wave transmission direction when viewed from the upper and lower direction.

2. The short slot directional coupler of claim 1,

the first radio wave adjustment unit is a convex shape protruding from the conductor wall surface or a concave shape recessed with respect to the conductor wall surface,

the second radio wave adjustment unit is a convex shape protruding from the conductor wall surface or a concave shape recessed with respect to the conductor wall surface,

the distance from the first radio wave adjustment unit to the conductor wall surface facing the first radio wave adjustment unit in the vertical direction is the same as the distance from the second radio wave adjustment unit to the conductor wall surface facing the second radio wave adjustment unit in the vertical direction.

3. The short slot directional coupler of claim 1,

the first radio wave adjustment unit and the second radio wave adjustment unit are line-symmetric with respect to a straight line parallel to the longitudinal direction of the first radio wave adjustment unit through the coupling unit, when viewed in the vertical direction.

4. The short slot directional coupler of claim 3,

the first radio wave adjustment unit and the second radio wave adjustment unit are provided on the same side of the upper and lower conductor wall surfaces.

5. The short slot directional coupler of any one of claims 2 to 4,

when the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the first radio wave adjustment part is referred to as the tube width direction when viewed from the vertical direction,

the first electric wave adjustment section is provided at the center of the first coupling region in the tube width direction,

the second electric wave adjustment unit is provided at the center of the second coupling region in the tube width direction.

6. The short slot directional coupler of any one of claims 2 to 4,

the coupling section has a third radio wave adjustment section having a convex shape protruding from the conductor wall surface or a concave shape recessed with respect to the conductor wall surface,

the third radio wave adjustment unit is formed on at least one of the upper and lower conductor wall surfaces,

the third radio wave adjustment section is elongated when viewed from the vertical direction, and the longitudinal direction of the third radio wave adjustment section is the same as the longitudinal direction of the first radio wave adjustment section,

a distance from the third radio wave adjustment unit to the conductor wall surface facing the third radio wave adjustment unit in the vertical direction,

and a distance from the first radio wave adjustment unit to the conductor wall surface facing the first radio wave adjustment unit in the vertical direction is different, and,

and a distance from the second radio wave adjustment unit to the conductor wall surface facing the second radio wave adjustment unit in the vertical direction.

7. The short slot directional coupler of claim 6,

when the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the first radio wave adjustment part is referred to as the tube width direction when viewed from the vertical direction,

the third electric wave adjustment unit is provided at the center of the coupling unit in the tube width direction.

8. The short slot directional coupler of any one of claims 1 to 4,

the length of the first radio wave adjustment unit and the length of the second radio wave adjustment unit in the longitudinal direction are lengths based on the frequency bandwidth of the radio wave to be transmitted.

9. The short slot directional coupler of any one of claims 1 to 4,

the length of the first radio wave adjustment unit and the second radio wave adjustment unit in the longitudinal direction is about λ/4 of the frequency of the transmitted radio wave.

10. The short slot directional coupler of any one of claims 1 to 4, having:

a first input/output unit connected to the first coupling region and having a different tube length direction from the first coupling region;

a second input/output unit connected to the second coupling region and having a different tube length direction from the second coupling region;

a fourth radio wave adjustment unit that is provided across the first coupling region and the first input/output unit, has a shape whose longitudinal direction is along the tube length direction of the first input/output unit, is formed on at least one of the upper and lower conductor wall surfaces, and has a convex shape protruding from the conductor wall surface or a concave shape recessed from the conductor wall surface; and

and a fifth radio wave adjustment unit that is disposed across the second coupling region and the second input/output unit, has a shape whose longitudinal direction is along the tube length direction of the second input/output unit, and is formed on at least one of the upper and lower conductor wall surfaces, and has a convex shape protruding from the conductor wall surface or a concave shape recessed from the conductor wall surface.

11. The short slot directional coupler of claim 10,

the fourth electric wave adjustment section is provided continuously with the first electric wave adjustment section,

the fifth radio wave adjustment unit is provided continuously with the second radio wave adjustment unit.

12. A synthesis distributor for synthesizing or distributing an electric wave by connecting a plurality of short slot directional couplers according to any one of claims 1 to 11,

a sixth radio wave adjustment unit formed on at least one of the upper and lower conductor wall surfaces so as to have a convex shape protruding from the conductor wall surface or a concave shape recessed from the conductor wall surface is formed at a connection portion between the short slot directional couplers.

13. The composite dispenser of claim 12,

the length of the sixth radio wave adjustment unit in the radio wave propagation direction is about λ/4 of the radio wave to be propagated.

14. A synthesis distributor for synthesizing or distributing an electric wave by connecting a plurality of short slot directional couplers according to claim 10 or 11,

a sixth radio wave adjustment part formed at a connection portion of the short slot directional coupler, the sixth radio wave adjustment part being a convex protruding from the conductor wall surface or a concave recessed with respect to the conductor wall surface,

the sixth radio wave adjustment unit is provided continuously with both the fourth radio wave adjustment unit and the fifth radio wave adjustment unit.

15. The composite dispenser of claim 14,

the length of the sixth radio wave adjustment unit in the radio wave propagation direction is about λ/4 of the radio wave to be propagated.

Images