CN210603825U - Submarine landslide evolution process simulation system based on transparent soil rotating water tank - Google Patents
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Abstract
A submarine landslide evolution process simulation system based on a transparent soil rotating water tank belongs to the technical field of marine geological disasters and geotechnical engineering experiments and comprises a rotating water tank system, a transparent soil simulation system and a control and data acquisition system. The rotary water tank system gives different speeds to the sample by controlling the motor, and the closed circular ring structure of the rotary drum tank with the U-shaped section is used for meeting the requirement that the sliding distance is not limited; the transparent soil simulation system prepares a transparent sample with a tracing coloring agent and a fluid environment which are similar to the physical and mechanical characteristics of a real seabed soil layer, and realizes three-dimensional whole-process visualization of the inside, the outside and a water-soil interface of the sample evolution process; the control and data acquisition system realizes quantitative monitoring and data extraction in the evolution process by a three-dimensional laser slice and digital image acquisition method. The utility model provides an experimental system scale is controllable, evolution process is visual, image data is measurable, can solve long distance evolution experiment and be difficult to develop, data acquisition difficulty, monitoring picture unclear scheduling problem.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of marine geological disasters and geotechnical engineering experiments, a marine geological disasters evolution process physical experiment simulation such as seabed landslide is related to, to the long distance evolution experiment of landslide body (especially stickness soil landslide body) be difficult to develop, experimental data gathers difficulty, the unclear scheduling problem of experimental process monitoring picture, provide a seabed landslide evolution process simulation system and experimental method based on rotatory basin of transparent soil.
Background
The seabed landslide is the most common marine geological disaster, is widely distributed in offshore delta, continental shelf, continental slope and deep sea basin, and is particularly characterized in that seabed soil body slides locally or in a large range, and is one of the most important geological processes for transferring seabed sediments. Once the seabed slope is unstable, the seabed is collapsed, the foundation fails, large deformation sliding and high-speed impact are generated, deep and open sea and offshore engineering and the like are greatly damaged, the development of ocean resources and the development of ocean economy are influenced, and catastrophic tsunamis are induced by some large-scale seabed landslides to cause huge casualties and property loss.
Unlike land landslide, submarine landslide occurs underwater, which is extremely difficult to observe, and true and reliable observation data are still lacked up to now. After-the-fact investigation shows that the submarine landslide can occur even under the condition of an extremely small slope, and the submarine landslide has the outstanding characteristics of high sliding speed, long migration time, wide influence range and the like. Therefore, understanding the instability mechanism and the evolution process of the submarine landslide has important significance for site selection in the early stage of engineering construction, disaster assessment of the constructed engineering and the like. Currently, many scholars have specifically classified and staged landslides on the sea floor. However, due to the limitations of lack of real observation data, difficulty in reproducing the submarine landslide evolution process by experimental technical means, lack of theoretical basis for numerical simulation and the like, the mechanism analysis of the whole submarine landslide evolution process is still a scientific problem of international frontier, hot spots and difficulties in a period of time.
From the above, it is very difficult to collect the site data and the in-situ data during the occurrence process of the sea-bottom landslide. In addition, theoretical analysis lacks support for measured data. Therefore, the indoor test is the most effective means for researching the submarine landslide evolution process. However, the scale of the indoor test is very limited, the conventional flume test can only study a very short segment (only a few to tens of seconds) of a specific stage of the seabed landslide, the whole process of the seabed landslide evolution is difficult to reproduce, even if a small-size rotary flume test exists, the small-size rotary flume test only aims at the homogeneous debris flow (debris flow) stage of the sandy seabed landslide, the internal change of the landslide evolution cannot be monitored, and the internal mechanism of the landslide evolution cannot be explored. More importantly, the submarine landslide, particularly the deep sea landslide, is mainly fine-particle cohesive soil, once a water tank test is carried out, water and soil media are rapidly exchanged, turbidity is caused instantly, images and data inside and outside the evolution process cannot be acquired, and a real quantification result cannot be given. At present, based on a similar principle, a transparent soil sample similar to real clay and fluid physical and mechanical characteristics is prepared, and a deformation process inside a solid sample is explored, which has a great amount of research foundations, but the internal mechanism of landslide evolution cannot be explored. Therefore, based on the transparent soil technology, the development of a controllable, visible and measurable experimental system and method is an effective precondition and technical guarantee for researching the submarine landslide evolution process.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the not enough of current seabed landslide evolution process experimental apparatus, blank even, the utility model provides a can effective control, observe, test seabed landslide evolution overall process's experimental system still has the function of studying different kind seabed landslide evolution overall process to elaborate the constitution and the application method of its each part, in order to satisfy seabed landslide evolution overall process analog analysis's needs.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:
a submarine landslide evolution process simulation system based on a transparent soil rotating water tank comprises a rotating water tank system, a transparent soil simulation system and a control and data acquisition system. The rotary water tank system enables the rotary drum tank 3 to rotate by controlling the high-performance servo motor 2, the purpose of endowing the sample with different speeds is achieved through relative motion, and the closed U-shaped tank of the rotary water tank can meet the requirement that the sliding distance of the sample is not limited, so that controllability is realized. The transparent soil simulation system prepares a visual sample and a fluid environment similar to the physical and mechanical characteristics of a real seabed soil layer through accumulated sample preparation experience and technology and the existing similar theory, so that the whole process visualization of the inside, the outside and the interface of the sample evolution process is realized, and the visualization is realized. The control and data acquisition system can achieve three-dimensional quantitative data extraction in the whole evolution process through a three-dimensional laser slicing technology and an industrial camera and motion camera acquisition method, and can realize measurement. The three systems work cooperatively to jointly realize the development of a simulation experiment in the landslide evolution process of the sea bottom.
The rotary water tank system comprises a rotary water tank supporting frame 1, a high-performance servo motor 2, a rotary drum tank 3 and an inner wall surface 4 of an outer layer of the drum tank. The bottom of the rotary water tank supporting frame 1 is fixedly connected with the ground and is a framework of the whole experiment system, and the rotary water tank supporting frame plays a role in supporting and stabilizing the whole experiment device and providing required reaction force. High performance servo motor 2 locate rotatory basin braced frame 1 the center department, be connected through a plurality of rigid member with rotatory drum groove 3 to link to each other with microcomputer 10 through data link line 11, realize computer remote control, safe and reliable provides different stable or variable rotation angular velocity for rotatory drum groove 3. Rotatory drum groove 3 inlayer opening, skin seal, its drum groove cross-section is opening U type groove design, drum inslot portion is used for placing environment fluid 6 and transparent soil sample 7, rotatory drum groove 3's main part is made for organic glass, draws the net location line according to actual need to collocation steel skeleton supports guarantees safety. The inner wall surface 4 of the outer layer of the drum groove is a transparent inner wall surface of the outer layer of the rotary drum groove 3, and paving materials can be updated according to experimental requirements and used for simulating seabed surfaces with different roughness.
The transparent soil simulation system comprises a tracing coloring agent 5, an environmental fluid 6 and a transparent soil sample 7. The tracing coloring agent 5 is used for coloring the environment fluid 6 and the transparent soil sample 7, and is used for accurately distinguishing and capturing the evolution process of the environment fluid-transparent soil sample interface and the change condition inside the transparent soil sample. The environment fluid 6 is a substance which is configured based on a similar criterion and used for simulating seawater according to a transparent soil sample preparation technology, the transparent soil sample 7 is configured and consolidated based on the similar criterion and used for simulating different types (similar physical and mechanical properties) of seabed soil layers through the transparent soil sample preparation technology, and further, different shapes are cut according to marine geological survey conditions to develop a test. The environment fluid 6 and the transparent soil sample 7 are all prepared into different colors with obvious differences through the tracing coloring agent 5, so that the camera 9 can be conveniently identified, the internal evolution conditions (including shape change, block decomposition and solid-liquid state conversion) and the external change conditions (including sample speed, acceleration and stress change) of the transparent soil sample 7 in the rotation process of the rotary drum groove 3 can be accurately monitored, and the material exchange process of the transparent soil sample 7 and the environment fluid 6 comprises invasion, separation, cracking and the like.
The control and data acquisition system comprises three groups of laser transmitters 8, three groups of cameras 9, a microcomputer 10 and a data transmission line 11. The laser transmitter 8 is connected with the microcomputer 10 through a data transmission line 11, is arranged in three spatial directions of the transparent soil sample 7, is used for transmitting laser, and meets the technical requirements of laser speckle required by the transparent soil technology. The three groups of cameras 9 are arranged in three spatial directions of the transparent soil sample 7, the arrangement direction of the cameras 9 is opposite to that of the laser emitter 8, the three groups of cameras 9 are connected with the microcomputer 10 through data transmission lines 11 and used for recording and capturing the three-dimensional evolution process of the transparent soil sample 7, the whole evolution process is quantitatively analyzed through a digital image processing technology, the speed and acceleration evolution process of the sample and fluid is determined, and the stress state of the sample is evaluated according to the speed and acceleration evolution process, wherein each group of cameras 9 comprises an industrial camera and a motion camera; the industrial camera is responsible for combining laser of the laser emitter 8 and accurately identifying the velocity field evolution condition of each section particle of the transparent soil sample 7 and the environmental fluid 6 based on the PIV technology; the motion camera is responsible for shooting pictures of the landslide body at each moment in the whole experiment process, recording the whole evolution condition of the landslide body, and calculating the speed, the acceleration, the stress and other information of the landslide body. The microcomputer 10 is used for controlling the work and the rapid switching of various modes of the high-performance servo motor 2, the laser emitter 8 and the camera 9 and acquiring data and images of the servo motor 2 and the camera 9; the data transmission line 11 is used to connect the various parts of the device.
A simulation experiment method for a submarine landslide evolution process based on a transparent soil rotating water tank is realized based on the simulation system and comprises the following steps:
in the first step, a tracer stain 5 is selected according to the requirements of the overall design of the experiment. Then, based on similar criteria, an environmental fluid 6 for simulating seawater is configured according to the transparent earthen sampling technique. Further, transparent soil slurry with a tracing coloring agent 5 is prepared, and a seabed soil layer transparent soil sample 7 with similar physical and mechanical properties is consolidated. And finally, cutting a specific shape meeting the design requirement of the overall experiment to be tested and developed.
And secondly, building a rotary water tank supporting frame 1, a high-performance servo motor 2 and a rotary drum tank 3, checking the stability and the safety of the three parts, and carefully debugging each part of device to ensure the reliability and the accuracy. Then, according to the experimental design requirement (seabed roughness), the transparent paving material of the inner wall surface 4 of the outer layer of the drum groove is selected and replaced.
Thirdly, placing a transparent soil sample 7 in the rotary drum tank 3, injecting an environmental fluid 6, placing three-direction laser transmitters 8, three-direction cameras 9 and a microcomputer 10, connecting the three-direction laser transmitters and the three-direction cameras through data transmission lines 11, debugging and setting modes of all experimental components, checking power supply, connection, signals and the like of all parts, and finishing all preparation work of experiments.
And fourthly, starting the whole experiment through the microcomputer 10 and developing the experiment according to a preset mode (constant speed and variable speed). During the rotation of the rotary water tank 3, the inner wall surface 4 of the tank outer layer, the environmental fluid 6 and the transparent soil sample 7 move relatively. Then, under the action of invasion, obstruction, exchange and the like of the environmental fluid 6 in different motion modes, the solid transparent soil sample 7 can be softened, separated into blocks and the like, and continuously evolves into a fluid state.
And fifthly, after the experiment is completed, powering off, cleaning the experimental device and the field, extracting data, and carrying out data analysis and theoretical analysis.
The working principle (innovation point) of the utility model is that: firstly, preparing two substances with different colors and large identification degree based on a tracing coloring agent 5, namely a solid transparent soil sample 7 and a liquid environment fluid 6; then, based on the infinite length sliding chute design of the rotary water tank 3, the purpose that the distance is not limited in the motion evolution process of the transparent soil sample 7 is realized; further, the three-dimensional evolution process of the environmental fluid 6 and the transparent soil sample 7 is accurately identified through the three-direction laser emitter 8 and the three-direction camera 9, and the three-dimensional evolution process comprises the following steps: the interface exchange process of the environmental fluid 6 and the transparent soil sample 7 and the process of separating, cracking and developing the transparent soil internal sample 7 into fluidized fluid in the long-distance migration evolution process can be accurately distinguished by the tracing coloring agent 5; thirdly, accurately calculating the quantitative relation of the speed, the acceleration and the stress of the environmental fluid 6 and the transparent soil sample 7 in the evolution process based on the acquired data, and providing a qualitative mechanism and a quantitative model; and finally, preparing the transparent soil sample 7 and the environment fluid 6 with different physical and mechanical properties, changing the shape and the size of the transparent soil sample 7, changing the height of the environment fluid 6, and changing the roughness of the inner wall surface 4 of the outer layer of the groove, thereby realizing the accurate simulation of the evolution process of different types of the seabed landslides.
The utility model discloses an effect and benefit are: the experimental system is controllable in scale, good in economical efficiency, simple and convenient to connect and easy to operate, relates to the technical field of experiment simulation, is advanced and reliable, can effectively realize the experiment simulation of the whole process of long-distance evolution of the submarine landslide, monitors the internal change of the sample evolution process and the evolution action of a fluid-soil body interface in real time, realizes quantitative three-dimensional multi-angle data acquisition and transmission, and provides hardware research support for the evolution subject of the complex submarine landslide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of an experimental system;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a rotating water trough;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an experimental system;
in the figure: 1 rotating a sink support frame; 2, a high-performance servo motor; 3 rotating the drum groove; 4, inner wall surface of outer layer of drum groove; 5 tracing a coloring agent; 6 an ambient fluid; 7, a transparent soil sample; 8, a laser transmitter; 9 a camera; 10 a microcomputer; 11 data transmission lines.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the technical solutions (and the accompanying drawings).
A submarine landslide evolution process simulation system based on a transparent soil rotating water tank comprises a rotating water tank system, a transparent soil simulation system and a control and data acquisition system. The three systems work cooperatively to jointly realize the development of a simulation experiment in the landslide evolution process of the sea bottom.
The rotary water tank system comprises a rotary water tank supporting frame 1, a high-performance servo motor 2, a rotary drum tank 3 and an inner wall surface 4 of an outer layer of the drum tank. The bottom of the rotary water tank supporting frame 1 is fixedly connected with the ground; the high-performance servo motor 2 is arranged at the center of the rotary water tank supporting frame 1, is connected with the rotary drum tank 3 through a plurality of rigid rod pieces and is connected with the microcomputer 10 through a data connecting line 11; the inner layer of the rotary drum groove 3 is open, the outer layer of the rotary drum groove is closed, the section of the drum groove is designed as an open U-shaped groove, and the interior of the drum groove is used for placing an environmental fluid 6 and a transparent soil sample 7; the inner wall surface 4 of the outer layer of the drum groove is a transparent inner wall surface of the outer layer of the rotary drum groove 3 and is used for simulating seabed surfaces with different roughness.
The transparent soil simulation system comprises a tracing coloring agent 5, an environmental fluid 6 and a transparent soil sample 7. The tracing coloring agent 5 is used for coloring the environment fluid 6 and the transparent soil sample 7. The environmental fluid 6 is a substance which is configured based on a similar criterion and is used for simulating seawater according to a transparent soil sample preparation technology; the transparent soil sample 7 is configured and consolidated based on similar criteria through a transparent soil sample preparation technology, is used for simulating substances of different types (similar physical and mechanical properties) of seabed soil layers, and is further cut into different shapes according to the marine geological survey condition to carry out tests.
The control and data acquisition system comprises three groups of laser transmitters 8, three groups of cameras 9, a microcomputer 10 and a data transmission line 11. The laser emitter 8 is connected with a microcomputer 10 through a data transmission line 11, is arranged in three directions of the space of the transparent soil sample 7 and is used for emitting laser. The three groups of cameras 9 are arranged in three spatial directions of the transparent soil sample 7, the arrangement direction of the cameras 9 is opposite to that of the laser emitter 8, the three groups of cameras 9 are connected with the microcomputer 10 through data transmission lines 11 and used for recording and capturing the three-dimensional evolution process of the transparent soil sample 7, and each group of cameras 9 comprises an industrial camera and a motion camera. The microcomputer 10 is used for controlling the work and the rapid switching of various modes of the high-performance servo motor 2, the laser emitter 8 and the camera 9, and acquiring data and images of the servo motor 2 and the camera 9.
A simulation experiment method for a submarine landslide evolution process based on a transparent soil rotating water tank is realized based on the simulation system and comprises the following steps:
firstly, through a seabed soil layer physical and mechanical characteristic database established by ocean in-situ test and indoor geotechnical test and relevant characteristics of landslide bodies in documents, typical seabed landslide sample characteristics are generalized, and the characteristics comprise: physical and mechanical property parameters such as strength, density, water content, geometric form and the like.
Then, considering the geometrical characteristics, density, strength, water content and the like of the initial state landslide body, based on the transparent soil technology, a mixture of amorphous silica powder, white oil and n-dodecane is preparedThe transparent soil sample 7 with the stain 5 uniformly marked is prepared, for example, with a density of 1200-3A transparent soil sample 7 with water content of 80-120% and non-drainage shear strength (tested by a full-flow penetrometer) of 2-10 kPa. Further, an environmental fluid 6 (tested by a viscometer) similar to a seawater environment and provided with a tracer stain 5 is prepared by mixing white oil, n-dodecane and a tracer dye.
Then, a rotary water tank supporting frame 1, a high-performance servo motor 2, a rotary drum tank 3 and an inner wall surface 4 of an outer layer of the drum tank are designed, processed and checked, wherein the rotary outer diameter of the water tank is 1.5m, the inner diameter of the water tank is 1m, the working thickness of the water tank is 0.2m, the high-performance servo motor 2 is arranged in the center of the water tank to ensure the rotary stability, a CCD industrial camera, a GoPro motion camera 9 and a laser emitter 8 corresponding to the GoPro motion camera are placed in three directions, and the control and data acquisition of all the devices are completed through a data transmission line 11 by a microcomputer 10, so that the safety and the.
And taking the transparent soil sample 7 out of the preparation device, and cutting different sizes required by the experiment according to the working space of the rotary water tank and by considering the geometric shape of the real landslide body. According to the real seabed geological conditions, the roughness of the outer boundary of the water tank is generalized and determined to determine the inner wall surface 4 of the outer layer of the drum tank, and the real seabed environment is simulated. The transparent soil sample 7 is placed in the rotary drum tank 3, and the environmental fluid 6 is injected to ensure that the transparent soil sample 7 is completely immersed in the environmental fluid 6.
Finally, each sample was subjected to a rotary water tank experiment at different speeds (0.25 m/s, 0.5m/s, 1m/s, 2.5m/s, 5m/s were intended). Based on the PIV technology, CCD industrial cameras in three directions, GoPro motion cameras 9 in three directions and laser transmitters 8 corresponding to the GoPro motion cameras are respectively started, the invasion process of the tracer fluid is quantitatively collected through a three-dimensional slicing technology (slice positions in three directions of different spaces are adjusted), and the whole decomposition and evolution process in the motion process of the landslide body is comprehensively determined. And calculating parameters such as acceleration, speed, displacement, stress and morphological evolution of the landslide body by collecting kinematic parameters and geometric parameters of the landslide body, analyzing the whole process of the landslide body from the block body to the homogeneous fluid, generalizing a related action mechanism and an evolution mode, and providing an evolution model.
The above-mentioned embodiments only represent the embodiments of the present invention, but can not be understood as the limitation of the scope of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A submarine landslide evolution process simulation system based on a transparent soil rotating water tank is characterized by comprising a rotating water tank system, a transparent soil simulation system and a control and data acquisition system, wherein the rotating water tank system enables a rotating drum tank (3) to rotate by controlling a high-performance servo motor (2), so that samples are endowed with different speeds, and the sliding distance of the samples can be controlled by a closed U-shaped groove of the rotating water tank; the transparent soil simulation system prepares a visual sample and a fluid environment which have similar physical and mechanical characteristics with the real seabed soil layer, so that the whole process visualization of the inside, the outside and the interface of the sample evolution process is realized; the control and data acquisition system achieves three-dimensional quantitative data extraction in the whole evolution process through a three-dimensional laser slicing technology and an industrial camera and motion camera acquisition method, and the three systems work cooperatively;
the rotary water tank system comprises a rotary water tank supporting frame (1), a high-performance servo motor (2) and a rotary drum tank (3); the bottom of the rotary water tank supporting frame (1) is fixedly connected with the ground; the high-performance servo motor (2) is arranged at the center of the rotary water tank supporting frame (1), is connected with the rotary drum tank (3) through a plurality of rigid rod pieces and is connected with the microcomputer (10), and the microcomputer (10) provides different stable or variable rotation angular velocities for the rotary drum tank (3); the inner layer of the rotary drum groove (3) is open, the outer layer of the rotary drum groove is closed, the section of the rotary drum groove is designed to be an open U-shaped groove, the interior of the rotary drum groove (3) is used for placing environmental fluid (6) and a transparent soil sample (7), and the transparent inner wall surface of the outer layer of the rotary drum groove (3) is the inner wall surface (4) of the outer layer of the drum groove and is used for simulating seabed surfaces with different roughness;
the transparent soil simulation system comprises a tracing coloring agent (5), an environmental fluid (6) and a transparent soil sample (7); the environmental fluid (6) is a substance which is configured according to a transparent soil sampling technology and based on similar criteria and is used for simulating seawater; the transparent soil sample (7) is configured and consolidated by a transparent soil sample preparation technology based on similar criteria and is used for simulating substances of different types of seabed soil layers; the environment fluid (6) and the transparent soil sample (7) are dyed by a tracing and dyeing agent (5) to prepare different colors with obvious differences, and are identified by a camera (9), so that the internal evolution condition and the external change condition of the transparent soil sample (7) in the rotation process of the rotary drum groove (3) and the material exchange process of the interface of the transparent soil sample (7) and the environment fluid (6) are accurately monitored;
the control and data acquisition system comprises three groups of laser transmitters (8), three groups of cameras (9) and a microcomputer (10); the laser emitter (8) is connected with the microcomputer (10) and arranged in three directions of the space of the transparent soil sample (7) to meet the technical requirements of laser speckle required by the transparent soil technology; the three groups of cameras (9) are arranged in three spatial directions of the transparent soil sample (7), the arrangement direction of the cameras (9) is opposite to that of the laser emitter (8), the three groups of cameras (9) are connected with the microcomputer (10) and are used for recording and capturing the three-dimensional evolution process of the transparent soil sample (7), the whole evolution process is quantitatively analyzed through a digital image processing technology, the speed and acceleration evolution process of the sample and the fluid is determined, and the stress state of the sample is evaluated according to the evolution process; the microcomputer (10) is used for controlling the work and the conversion of various modes of the high-performance servo motor (2), the laser emitter (8) and the camera (9) and the data and the images of the high-performance servo motor (2) and the camera (9).
2. The submarine landslide evolution process simulation system based on transparent soil rotating water tank as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main body of the rotating drum tank (3) is organic glass, grid positioning lines are drawn according to actual needs, and steel skeleton supports are matched.
3. The seafloor landslide evolution process simulation system based on a transparent soil rotating water tank as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein each set of cameras (9) comprises an industrial camera, a motion camera; the industrial camera is used for combining laser of the laser emitter (8) and accurately identifying the velocity field evolution condition of each section particle of the transparent soil sample (7) and the environmental fluid (6) based on the PIV technology; the motion camera is used for shooting pictures of the landslide body at each moment in the whole experiment process, recording the whole evolution condition of the landslide body and calculating the speed, the acceleration and the stress information of the landslide body.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110657944A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-01-07 | 大连理工大学 | Transparent soil rotating water tank-based seabed landslide evolution process simulation system and experimental method |
| CN110657944B (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2024-05-03 | 大连理工大学 | Submarine landslide evolution process simulation system and experimental method based on transparent soil rotary water tank |
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