CN210598945U - 一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统 - Google Patents

一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统 Download PDF

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CN210598945U
CN210598945U CN201921571857.3U CN201921571857U CN210598945U CN 210598945 U CN210598945 U CN 210598945U CN 201921571857 U CN201921571857 U CN 201921571857U CN 210598945 U CN210598945 U CN 210598945U
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张日奎
李先策
李心成
吴义朋
兰春强
常胜
张鹏
纪晓磊
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Yantai Jereh Petroleum Equipment and Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统,包括压裂设备,高低压管汇,混配设备和混砂设备等,所述压裂设备的动力源为涡轮发动机,所述涡轮发动机的燃料为天然气或柴油,通过涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵,解决现有柴油驱动和电动机驱动的问题,采用双燃料系统的涡轮发动机,燃料供给多样,不局限。尤其是天然气作为燃料时,更节约成本。整个水力压裂系统中天然气气源供给方式多元化,更好的满足更多客户的需求。整个压裂设备沿着动力传动的方向设在一条直线上,更好的降低压裂设备的整体重心,增加压裂设备运行和运输状态的稳定性和安全性。

Description

一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统
技术领域
本实用新型涉及油气田压裂技术领域,具体涉及一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统。
背景技术
数十年来水力压裂被应用于油井或者气井的增产作业。这种方法是用柱塞泵在高压下将流体泵入到井筒内,然后将流体挤入地层,压开裂缝,水、其它液体以及压裂支撑剂也被注入到裂缝中,压裂完成后,压裂基液被返排回地面,压裂支撑剂留在裂缝中防止裂缝闭合,大量油、气经裂缝进入井筒被开采。
在全球的油气田压裂作业现场,柱塞泵的动力驱动方式主要有二种:
第一种是柴油发动机连接变速箱经传动轴驱动压裂柱塞泵工作。也就是说,动力源是柴油发动机,传动装置是变速箱和传动轴,执行元件是柱塞泵。
该配置模式存在以下缺点:
(1)、体积大重量大:柴油机驱动变速箱经传动轴驱动柱塞泵,体积大,重量大,运输受限,功率密度小。
(2)、不环保:柴油发动机驱动的压裂设备在井场运行过程中,会产生发动机废气污染和噪音污染,噪音超过105dBA,严重影响周围居民的正常生活。
(3)、不经济:柴油发动机驱动的压裂设备,设备初期的采购成本比较高,设备运行时单位功率燃料消耗费用高,发动机和变速箱的日常维护保养费用也很高。
第二种是电动机连接传动轴或者联轴器驱动柱塞泵工作。也就是说,动力源是电动机,传动装置是传动轴或者联轴器,执行元件是柱塞泵,也就是电驱压裂。
电驱压裂本身虽然有很多优点,但是压裂井场的供电问题不好解决。要么井场的电网容量太小,带不动整个压裂机组,要么井场根本就没有电网。所以必须用发电机发电,最经济的发电燃料是采用天然气,所以需要用户租用或者购买燃气发电机组。对于一个没有电网的压裂井场来说,燃气发电机组的功率至少达到30MW,这对客户来说是笔不少的投资。关键是施工过程中因为燃气发电机组故障停机,则整个电驱压裂机组都会瘫痪,严重影响作业质量甚至导致作业事故。
为此亟待一种能满足当下需求的水力压裂系统。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的克服现有技术的不足,提供一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统,通过涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵,解决现有柴油驱动和电动机驱动的问题,采用双燃料系统的涡轮发动机,(柴油或天然气为涡轮发动机提供燃料)燃料供给多样,不局限。尤其是天然气作为燃料时,更节约成本。
本实用新型的目的是通过以下技术措施达到的:一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统,包括压裂设备,高低压管汇,混配设备和混砂设备,所述混配设备用于水力压裂系统中压裂基液的混配,所述混砂设备为高低压管汇提供压裂基液与压裂支撑剂,所述高低压管汇的一端通过连接管线与压裂设备接通,所述高低压管汇的另一端与井口接通,所述压裂设备的动力源为涡轮发动机,所述涡轮发动机的燃料为天然气或柴油。
进一步地,所述涡轮发动机的燃料为天然气,所述天然气由CNG槽车经 CNG调压设备输送给涡轮发动机,或由LNG槽车经LNG气化输送设备输送给涡轮发动机,或由井口气接口接入经井口气处理设备输送给涡轮发动机,或者由管道气接口接入经管道气处理设备输送给涡轮发动机,所述天然气燃料的供给方式为其中的一种或几种。
进一步地,所述利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统包括仪表设备,所述仪表设备用于整个水力压裂系统的监控。
进一步地,所述压裂设备为车载或半挂车载或者橇装。
进一步地,所述压裂设备中的柱塞泵为三缸泵或五缸泵,功率为2250马力以上。
进一步地,所述柱塞泵为五缸泵,功率为5000马力以上。
进一步地,所述压裂设备包括1套以上的涡轮压裂装置。
进一步地,所述涡轮压裂装置包括涡轮发动机,排气系统和柱塞泵,涡轮发动机的一端连接排气系统,涡轮发动机的另一端连接柱塞泵,柱塞泵为自身带减速箱的柱塞泵,涡轮发动机直接与柱塞泵上减速箱输入端连接。
进一步地,所述柱塞泵,涡轮发动机和排气系统沿着动力传动的方向设在一条直线上。
进一步地,所述涡轮压裂装置包括排气系统,涡轮发动机,减速箱,传动机构和柱塞泵,所述排气系统与涡轮发动机的排气口连接,涡轮发动机的输出端连接减速箱,减速箱与柱塞泵之间通过传动机构传动连接。
进一步地,所述排气系统、涡轮发动机、减速箱,传动机构和柱塞泵沿着动力传动的方向设在同一条直线上。
与现有技术相比,本实用新型的有益效果是:通过涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵,解决现有柴油驱动和电动机驱动的问题,采用双燃料系统的涡轮发动机,(柴油或天然气为涡轮发动机提供燃料)燃料供给多样,不局限,客户可根据实际情况选择。尤其是天然气作为燃料时,更节约成本。整个水力压裂系统中天然气气源供给方式多元化,更好的满足更多客户的需求。整个压裂设备沿着动力传动的方向设在一条直线上,更好的降低压裂设备的整体重心,增加压裂设备运行和运输状态的稳定性和安全性。
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型作详细说明。
附图说明
图1是本水力压裂系统的结构示意图。
图2是涡轮压裂装置实施例1的结构示意图。
图3是涡轮压裂装置实施例2的结构示意图。
其中,1.CNG槽车,2.CNG调压设备,3.天然气输送管道,4.涡轮压裂装置, 5.连接管线,6.高低压管汇,7.井口,8.井口气接口,9.井口气处理设备,10.运砂车,11.储砂罐,12.输砂设备,13.储液罐,14.混砂设备,15.混配设备,16.化添设备,17.仪表设备,18柱塞泵,19.涡轮发动机,20.排气管道,21.排气消音器,22.传动机构,23.减速箱,24.柱塞泵自带减速箱。
具体实施方式
如图1至3所示,一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统,包括连接管线5,压裂设备,高低压管汇6,混配设备15和混砂设备14,所述混配设备15用于水力压裂系统中压裂基液的混配,所述混砂设备14为高低压管汇6 提供压裂基液与压裂支撑剂,所述高低压管汇6的一端通过连接管线5与压裂设备接通,所述高低压管汇6的另一端与井口7接通,所述压裂设备的动力源为涡轮发动机19,通过涡轮发动机19驱动柱塞泵18,相比较传统的以柴油发动机为动力源的压裂设备,功率体积比大,占地面积小,使整个压裂设备的压裂装置数量和占地面积都大幅减少。所述涡轮发动机19的燃料为天然气或柴油。采用双燃料系统的涡轮发动机19,可以100%以燃油为燃料,也可以100%以天然气为燃料,燃料供给多样,客户可根据实际情况选择。尤其是天然气作为燃料时,更节约燃烧成本。在水力压裂系统的作业现场还配备了运砂车10,储砂罐11,输砂设备12,储液罐13,化添设备16,所述储液罐13为混配设备15 提供水,混配设备15将水和各种添加剂进行混配形成压裂基液,并将压裂基液提供给混砂设备14,运砂车10将压裂支撑剂运输到井场,输送到储砂罐11内。运砂车10可为多台。压裂支撑剂从储砂罐11经输砂设备12输送给混砂设备14。压裂基液和压裂支撑剂在混砂设备14中进行混合后输送到高低压管汇6中,然后经高低压管汇6分流给每套涡轮压裂装置4,经涡轮压裂装置4将混好的压裂液高压泵注入到井口7中,(注入路线:涡轮压裂装置4--连接管线5--高低压管汇6--井口7),然后对油井或者气井的地层进行压裂。化添设备16用于将各种化学添加剂提供给混配设备15或者混砂设备14。
在水力压裂系统的作业现场还可设置多种天然气供给方式的相关配套设备,如CNG槽车1,CNG调压设备2,井口气接口8,井口气处理设备9等,当然相应的CNG还可替换LNG,比如LNG槽车加LNG气化输送设备的组合搭配,同理井口气也可替换为管道气,比如管道气接口加管道气处理设备的组合搭配,诸如此类的供气方式。
具体的,所述涡轮发动机19的燃料为天然气时,所述天然气由CNG槽车1 经CNG调压设备2调压后,由天然气输送管道3输送给涡轮发动机19;或由 LNG槽车经LNG气化输送设备气化后,由天然气输送管道3输送给涡轮发动机19;或由井口气接口8接入经井口气处理设备9处理后,由天然气输送管道3 输送给涡轮发动机19;或者由管道气接口接入经管道气处理设备处理后,由天然气输送管道3输送给涡轮发动机19,所述天然气燃料的供给方式为其中的一种或几种。整个水力压裂系统中天然气气源供给方式多元化,更好的满足更多客户的需求。CNG槽车1或/和LNG槽车可为多台。
所述利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统包括仪表设备17,所述仪表设备17用于整个水力压裂系统的监控。
所述压裂设备为车载或半挂车载或者橇装。
所述压裂设备中的柱塞泵18为三缸泵或五缸泵,功率为2250马力以上。
所述柱塞泵18为五缸泵,功率为5000马力以上。
所述压裂设备包括1套以上的涡轮压裂装置4。
涡轮压裂装置实施例1
涡轮压裂装置4为车载或半挂车载或者橇装,本实施例中图示和文字说明的是涡轮压裂装置4除去车载或半挂车载或者橇装的上装部件结构示意图。
所述涡轮压裂装置4包括涡轮发动机19,排气系统和柱塞泵18,涡轮发动机19的一端连接排气系统,涡轮发动机19的另一端连接柱塞泵18,柱塞泵18 为自身带减速箱的柱塞泵18,涡轮发动机19直接与柱塞泵自带减速箱24输入端连接。将柱塞泵自带减速箱24的输入转速与涡轮发动机19的输出转速相匹配,并将所述柱塞泵自带减速箱24的输入扭矩与涡轮发动机19的输出扭矩相匹配,由此可精简柱塞泵18与涡轮发动机19之间的传动装置,即省去了传动轴或联轴器,大大缩短了所述涡轮压裂装置4的整体长度,结构简单,维护方便。排气系统包括排气管道20和排气消音器21,所述排气管道20的一端与排气消音器21连接,所述排气管道20的另一端与涡轮发动机19的排气口连接。
所述柱塞泵18,涡轮发动机19和排气系统沿着动力传动的方向设在一条直线上。可避免过多的传动损耗,保证了设备本身的高效传动性。更好的降低涡轮压裂装置4的整体重心,增加涡轮压裂装置4运行和运输状态的稳定性和安全性。
涡轮压裂装置实施例2
涡轮压裂装置4为车载或半挂车载或者橇装,本实施例中图示和文字说明的是涡轮压裂装置4除去车载或半挂车载或者橇装的上装部件结构示意图。
所述涡轮压裂装置4包括排气系统,涡轮发动机19,减速箱23,传动机构 22和柱塞泵18,所述排气系统与涡轮发动机19的排气口连接,涡轮发动机19 的输出端连接减速箱23,减速箱23与柱塞泵18之间通过传动机构22传动连接。排气系统包括排气管道20和排气消音器21,所述排气管道20的一端与排气消音器21连接,所述排气管道20的另一端与涡轮发动机19的排气口连接。
所述排气系统、涡轮发动机19、减速箱23,传动机构22和柱塞泵18沿着动力传动的方向设在同一条直线上。可避免过多的传动损耗,保证了设备本身的高效传动性。更好的降低涡轮压裂装置4的整体重心,增加涡轮压裂装置4 运行和运输状态的稳定性和安全性。所述传动机构22为传动轴或联轴器。
涡轮发动机19本身具有体积小、重量轻的优势,大大缩小涡轮压裂装置4 的体积和重量等。
本行业的技术人员应该了解,本实用新型不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本实用新型的原理,在不脱离本实用新型精神和范围的前提下,本实用新型还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本实用新型范围内。本实用新型要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (11)

1.一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统,其特征在于:包括压裂设备,高低压管汇,混配设备和混砂设备,所述混配设备用于水力压裂系统中压裂基液的混配,所述混砂设备为高低压管汇提供压裂基液与压裂支撑剂,所述高低压管汇的一端通过连接管线与压裂设备接通,所述高低压管汇的另一端与井口接通,所述压裂设备的动力源为涡轮发动机,所述涡轮发动机的燃料为天然气或柴油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统,其特征在于:所述涡轮发动机的燃料为天然气,所述天然气由CNG槽车经CNG调压设备输送给涡轮发动机,或由LNG槽车经LNG气化输送设备输送给涡轮发动机,或由井口气接口接入经井口气处理设备输送给涡轮发动机,或者由管道气接口接入经管道气处理设备输送给涡轮发动机,所述天然气燃料的供给方式为其中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统,其特征在于:所述利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统包括仪表设备,所述仪表设备用于整个水力压裂系统的监控。
4.根据权利要求1所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统,其特征在于:所述压裂设备为车载或半挂车载或者橇装。
5.根据权利要求1所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统,其特征在于:所述压裂设备中的柱塞泵为三缸泵或五缸泵,功率为2250马力以上。
6.根据权利要求5所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统,其特征在于:所述柱塞泵为五缸泵,功率为5000马力以上。
7.根据权利要求1所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统,其特征在于:所述压裂设备包括1套以上的涡轮压裂装置。
8.根据权利要求7所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统,其特征在于:所述涡轮压裂装置包括涡轮发动机,排气系统和柱塞泵,涡轮发动机的一端连接排气系统,涡轮发动机的另一端连接柱塞泵,柱塞泵为自身带减速箱的柱塞泵,涡轮发动机直接与柱塞泵上减速箱输入端连接。
9.根据权利要求8所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统,其特征在于:所述柱塞泵,涡轮发动机和排气系统沿着动力传动的方向设在一条直线上。
10.根据权利要求7所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统,其特征在于:所述涡轮压裂装置包括排气系统,涡轮发动机,减速箱,传动机构和柱塞泵,所述排气系统与涡轮发动机的排气口连接,涡轮发动机的输出端连接减速箱,减速箱与柱塞泵之间通过传动机构传动连接。
11.根据权利要求10所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂系统,其特征在于:所述排气系统、涡轮发动机、减速箱,传动机构和柱塞泵沿着动力传动的方向设在同一条直线上。
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