CN210571430U - Five-axis machine tool loading test device - Google Patents
Five-axis machine tool loading test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN210571430U CN210571430U CN201921648238.XU CN201921648238U CN210571430U CN 210571430 U CN210571430 U CN 210571430U CN 201921648238 U CN201921648238 U CN 201921648238U CN 210571430 U CN210571430 U CN 210571430U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a five-axis machine tool loading test device, which comprises a machine tool main shaft, a machine tool workbench, a main shaft end ball pair connector, a force application device and a workbench end ball pair connector; one end of the force application device is fixedly connected with the machine tool spindle through the spindle end ball pair connector, and the other end of the force application device is fixed on the machine tool workbench through the workbench end ball pair connector. The device can accurately carry out loading test on the five-axis machine tool so as to obtain the loading test working condition and the torque and the follow-up error of each axis motor of the machine tool.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a machine tool machining test field, concretely relates to five-axis machine tool loading testing arrangement.
Background
The stress state of the machine tool during machining parts is very important for researching the indexes of the machine tool, such as rigidity, vibration, motor torque performance, follow-up error and the like. The existing testing method is carried out in a mode of loading a fixed counterweight on a workbench or processing a test piece.
The single stress direction of the counterweight method is different from the stress state of the machine tool in normal use, and the method for processing the test piece needs to quantify the stress value through a series of estimation, so that the uncertainty is high, the calculation is complex, and the precision of the obtained data is low.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a five-axis machine tool loading testing arrangement, the device adopt the counter weight method to cause the atress single or adopt processing test piece method to estimate when having solved current lathe test and cause the uncertainty big, problem that the reliability is low.
The utility model discloses a technical means as follows:
a five-axis machine tool loading test device comprises a machine tool spindle, a machine tool workbench, a spindle end ball pair connector, a force application device and a workbench end ball pair connector;
the main shaft end spherical pair connector is arranged at one end of the force application device and is used for connecting the machine tool main shaft and the force application device through a spherical hinge;
and the workbench end ball pair connector is arranged at the other end of the force application device and is used for connecting the machine tool workbench and the force application device through a ball hinge.
Further, the force application device is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder can be connected with a hydraulic or pneumatic system of the machine tool.
Further, the main shaft end ball pair connector comprises a first straight rod ball head, a first ball head connecting seat and a main shaft connecting piece, the first straight rod ball head comprises a connecting rod and a ball head arranged at one end of the connecting rod, the first ball head connecting seat is fixed at one end of the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder, the ball head is connected with the first ball head connecting seat in a ball hinge mode, and the connecting rod is connected with the main shaft connecting piece;
the workbench end ball pair connector comprises a second straight rod ball head, a second ball head connecting seat and a bottom plate, the second straight rod ball head comprises a connecting rod and a ball head arranged at one end of the connecting rod, the second ball head connecting seat is fixed to the other end of the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder, the ball head is connected with the second ball head connecting seat in a ball hinge mode, and the connecting rod is connected with the bottom plate.
Furthermore, one end of the main shaft connecting piece is provided with a threaded hole which can be in threaded connection with the connecting rod, and the other end of the main shaft connecting piece is of a tool shank structure which can be connected with a machine tool main shaft.
Compared with the prior art, the five-axis machine tool loading test method has the following beneficial effects:
by arranging the force application device between the machine tool workbench and the machine tool spindle, the force application device can apply different acting forces according to requirements so as to simulate the stress state of the machine tool during actual working and accurately obtain the torque and follow-up errors of motors of all shafts of the machine tool under different loading test working conditions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a five-axis machine tool loading test device disclosed by the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the force applying device, spindle end ball pair connector and table end ball pair connector connections;
FIG. 3 is an axial view of the structure of the force applying device, the spindle end ball pair connector and the table end ball pair connector;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for performing five-axis machine tool loading test by using the device disclosed by the utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a coordinate system established with the center of the table surface of the machine tool as the origin;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of resolving the force on the hydraulic cylinder to XYZ axes;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the forces of the hydraulic cylinder acting on the machine table.
In the figure: 1. hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder, 2, main shaft end ball pair connector, 20, first straight rod ball head, 21, first ball head connecting seat, 22, main shaft connecting piece, 200, connecting rod, 201, ball head, 210, piston rod fixing seat, 211, first gland, 3, machine tool main shaft, 4, ram, 5, saddle, 6, sliding table, 7, workbench end ball pair connector, 70, second straight rod ball head, 71, second ball head connecting seat, 710, cylinder body connecting seat, 711, second gland, 72, bottom plate, 720, fixing hole, 8, machine tool workbench, 9 cradle, 10, bed body, 11, cylinder body of hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder, 12, piston rod of hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a five-axis machine tool loading test device disclosed by the present invention, which comprises a machine tool spindle 3, a machine tool workbench 8, a spindle end ball pair connector 2, a force application device and a workbench end ball pair connector 7; the main shaft end spherical pair connector 2 is arranged at one end of the force application device and is used for connecting the machine tool main shaft 3 and the force application device in a spherical hinge mode; and the workbench end ball pair connector 7 is arranged at the other end of the force application device and is used for connecting the machine tool workbench 8 and the force application device through a ball hinge.
In particular, the force application device is a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder 1, and the hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder 1 can be connected with a hydraulic or pneumatic system of the machine tool.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the main shaft end ball pair connector 2 includes a first straight rod ball 20, a first ball connecting seat 21 and a main shaft connecting member 22, the first straight rod ball 20 includes a connecting rod 200 and a ball 201 disposed at one end of the connecting rod 200, the first ball connecting seat 21 is fixed at one end of the hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder 1, the ball 201 is connected with the first ball connecting seat 21 by a ball joint, and the connecting rod 200 is connected with the main shaft connecting member 200; in this embodiment, the first ball head connecting seat 21 is fixed at the end of the piston rod 12 of the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder, the first ball head connecting seat 21 includes a piston rod fixing seat 210 and a first pressing cover 211, one end of the piston rod fixing seat 210 is in threaded connection with the end of the piston rod, the other end is provided with the first pressing cover 211, the first pressing cover 211 is fixed on the piston rod fixing seat 210 through a bolt, a ball head accommodating cavity is provided between the piston rod fixing seat 210 and the first pressing cover 211, the ball head 201 is arranged in the ball head accommodating cavity to realize the ball hinge connection of the first straight rod ball head 20 and the first ball head connecting seat 21, the first ball head connecting seat 21 adopts a split structure to facilitate the installation of the straight rod ball head and the ball head connecting seat, the other end of the connecting rod 200 is processed with a thread, one end of the spindle, the other end of the spindle connector 22 is a tool shank structure (the tool shank structure is a standard structure and is not described in detail here) which can be connected with the machine tool spindle 3.
The workbench end ball pair connector 7 comprises a second straight rod ball head 70, a second ball head connecting seat 71 and a bottom plate 72, the second straight rod ball head 70 is identical to the first straight rod ball head 20 in structure and comprises a connecting rod 200 and a ball head 201 arranged at one end of the connecting rod 200, the second ball head connecting seat 71 is fixed at the other end of the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder 1, the ball head 201 of the second straight rod ball head 70 is connected with the second ball head connecting seat 71 in a ball hinge mode, and the connecting rod 200 is connected with the bottom plate 72. In this embodiment, the table end ball pair connector 7 is fixed at the end of the cylinder 11 of the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder, the table end ball pair connector 7 includes a cylinder connecting seat 710 and a second gland 711, the cylinder connecting seat 710 and the second gland 711 are fixed at the end of the cylinder through bolts, a ball receiving cavity is provided between the cylinder connecting seat 710 and the second gland 711, the ball 201 of the second straight rod ball 70 is placed in the ball receiving cavity to realize the ball hinge connection between the second straight rod ball 70 and the second ball connecting seat 71, the other end of the connecting rod is screwed on the bottom plate 72, the bottom plate 72 is provided with a plurality of fixing holes 720, and the bottom plate 72 can be fixed on the machine tool table 8 through T-shaped bolts.
As shown in FIG. 4, the device disclosed by the utility model for carrying out five-axis machine tool loading test comprises the following steps:
step 1, installing the force application device between a machine tool spindle and a machine tool workbench through the spindle end ball pair connector and the workbench end ball pair connector;
and 3, measuring the torque and the follow-up error of each shaft motor of the machine tool to obtain the relation between the loading test working condition and the torque and the follow-up error of each shaft motor of the machine tool.
Specifically, the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder is mounted on the taper hole of the machine tool spindle 3 through the spindle end ball pair connector 2 (i.e., connected with the machine tool spindle through the tool shank structure of the spindle connector), the machine tool spindle 3 is mounted on the ram 4, the ram 4 moves up and down along the saddle 5 (machine tool Z axis), the saddle 5 moves left and right along the sliding table 6 (machine tool X axis), and the sliding table 6 moves back and forth along the bed 10 (machine tool Y axis).
The end of the cylinder body of the hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder is fixed to the machine tool table 8 through the table end ball pair connector 7, the machine tool table 8 can rotate around the cradle 9 (machine tool C axis), and the cradle 9 can rotate around the bed 10 (machine tool A axis).
According to the requirement of a loading test working condition, a machine tool control system controls a machine tool spindle to do linear motion along XYZ axes, a machine tool workbench rotates around an AC axis, a hydraulic system or a pneumatic system of a machine tool adjusts acting force on a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, so that the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder acts on certain thrust or tension between the machine tool spindle and the machine tool workbench, when the position between the machine tool spindle and the machine tool workbench and the acting force on the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder meet the requirement of the loading test working condition, a machine tool monitoring system measures the torque and the follow-up error of each axis motor of the machine tool, and the relation between the loading test working condition and the torque and the follow-up error of each axis motor of the machine tool can be.
The specific calculation process of the relationship between the loading test condition and the torque and the following error of each axis motor of the machine tool is as follows, a coordinate system is established along the XYZ axis direction of the machine tool by taking the surface center of the worktable of the machine tool as the origin as shown in FIG. 5,
a (x1, y1, z1) and B (x2, y2, z2) are the coordinates of the center points of the two known ball pairs
Acting force of the cylinder rod and the cylinder barrel on the ball pair:
F＝F′＝PS (1)
wherein P is the pressure value of the fluid introduced into the cylinder barrel, and S represents the area of the piston or the cylinder barrel;
the pushing (or pulling) force F of the cylinder rod acting on the main shaft end ball pair connector can be resolved along the direction of the X, Y, Z shaft,
Fx＝Fcosα (2)
Fy＝Fcosβ (3)
Fz＝Fcosγ (4)
where α, β, γ are the angles between the force F and the X, Y, Z axis (fig. 6), and can be calculated from the coordinates of points a and B:
the force F' of the cylinder on the ball-pair connector at the table is resolved along the X, Y, Z axis:
Fx′＝-Fcosα (8)
Fy′＝-Fcosβ (9)
Fz′＝-Fcosγ (10)
the torque of F' to the C axis of the machine (Z axis of the coordinate system of fig. 5) can be obtained:
coordinates (L, H, Z) of the machine tool A axis in the coordinate system of FIG. 5 are known
As shown in fig. 7, the torque of F' to the a axis of the machine tool (the a axis is parallel to the X axis of the coordinate system of fig. 5) can be obtained:
by the method, the acting force and the moment applied to each shaft of the machine tool under different test working conditions, and the torque and the follow-up error of the motor of each shaft of the machine tool under the corresponding working condition can be accurately obtained, so that the method is closer to the practical use condition of the machine tool, is more suitable for evaluating the dynamic performance of the machine tool, and ensures the accuracy of the load test of the five-shaft machine tool.
Example 1
The device and the method can monitor the torque and the follow-up error of the motor of each shaft under the working condition of RTCP (Rotated Tool Center Point), for example, as shown in FIG. 5, when the machine Tool is in five-shaft linkage, the RTCP function is started, when the shaft A and the shaft C of the machine Tool are required to rotate, the position of the Tool nose Point relative to the coordinate system of the workpiece is kept unchanged, namely the position of the Point A relative to the Point B after the rotation is required to be kept unchanged, and at the moment, a medium with certain pressure is introduced into the cylinder (or the oil cylinder), and forces F and F' for preventing the position of the Point A relative to the Point B from being kept unchanged can be generated. The magnitude of the force is controlled by the pressure of the medium, and the direction of the force is determined by the relative positions of the two points A and B. The two forces are decomposed according to XYZ axes of the machine tool to obtain forces Fx, Fy, Fz acting on the linear axes and torque of the rotary shaft
And
therefore, the force which obstructs the linkage of the machine tool in any direction and in any size can be simulated during the linkage of the machine tool, and whether the torque and follow-up error numerical values of the motors of all the shafts exceed the standard or not during the linkage of the machine tool under the action of the force is checked.
The above, only be the concrete implementation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art is in the technical scope of the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and the utility model, the concept of which is equivalent to replace or change, should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A five-axis machine tool loading test device is characterized in that: comprises a machine tool spindle (3), a machine tool workbench (8), a spindle end ball pair connector (2), a force application device and a workbench end ball pair connector (7);
the main shaft end spherical pair connector (2) is arranged at one end of the force application device and is used for connecting the machine tool main shaft (3) with the force application device in a spherical hinge mode;
and the workbench end ball pair connector (7) is arranged at the other end of the force application device and is used for connecting the machine tool workbench (8) with the force application device in a ball hinge manner.
2. The five-axis machine tool loading test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the force application device is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder can be connected with a hydraulic or pneumatic system of the machine tool.
3. The five-axis machine tool loading test device according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the main shaft end ball pair connector (2) comprises a first straight rod ball head (20), a first ball head connecting seat (21) and a main shaft connecting piece (22), the first straight rod ball head (20) comprises a connecting rod (200) and a ball head (201) arranged at one end of the connecting rod (200), the first ball head connecting seat (21) is fixed at one end of the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder (1), the ball head (201) is connected with the first ball head connecting seat (21) in a ball hinge mode, and the other end of the connecting rod (200) is connected with the main shaft connecting piece (22);
the workbench end ball pair connector (7) comprises a second straight rod ball head (70), a second ball head connecting seat (71) and a bottom plate (72), the second straight rod ball head (70) comprises a connecting rod and a ball head arranged at one end of the connecting rod, the second ball head connecting seat (71) is fixed at the other end of the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder (1), the ball head is connected with the second ball head connecting seat (71) in a ball hinge mode, and the connecting rod is connected with the bottom plate (72).
4. The five-axis machine tool loading test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: one end of the main shaft connecting piece is provided with a threaded hole which can be in threaded connection with the connecting rod, and the other end of the main shaft connecting piece is of a tool shank structure which can be connected with a machine tool main shaft.
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| CN201921648238.XU CN210571430U (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Five-axis machine tool loading test device |
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| CN201921648238.XU CN210571430U (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Five-axis machine tool loading test device |
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| CN110608911A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-24 | 科德数控股份有限公司 | Five-axis machine tool loading test device and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110608911A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-24 | 科德数控股份有限公司 | Five-axis machine tool loading test device and method |
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